ABSTRACT Against the background of a sharp decline in soybean planting, rising imports, and natural disasters in China, finding appropriate distribution areas for soybean has become a matter of urgency so that soybean planting policies can be formulated and soybean food security ensured. Among the numerous ecological niche models, the most suitable one for predicting potential distribution areas of soybean in the frigid region must be identified. Based on 65 soybean occurrence points and nine environmental variables, three ecological niche models, MaxEnt, BIOCLIM, and DOMAIN, were applied to the prediction of potential distribution areas for soybean. According to the analytical comparison, the three models predicted the potential distribution of soybean and, specifically, MaxEnt, stood out above the other two models as regards predicting the soybean distribution (Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, AUC = 0.916, Kappa = 0.685). The potential distribution areas (from low suitability to high suitability) predicted by MaxEnt was the largest and accounted for 59.5 % of the total area. The potential suitable distribution area of soybean was mainly concentrated in relatively flat terrain. The Sanjiang Plain and the Northeast Plain accounted for 9.4 % of the total area in the frigid region and are highly suitability for soybean. At the same time, annual mean temperature, elevation and Apr solar radiation were the key determinants affecting soybeans’ habitat. On the whole, the selection of ecological niche models and the prediction of soybean potential distribution can provide an essential reference for soybean planting and planning. Moreover, it would be a reliable example for the subsequent related research on soybean habitats. imports China ensured identified 6 variables BIOCLIM DOMAIN comparison specifically Receiver curve 0916 0 916 0.916 0.685. 0685 0.685 . 685 0.685) from 595 59 5 59. terrain 94 9 4 9. time temperature soybeans habitat whole planning Moreover habitats 091 91 0.91 068 0.68 68 09 0.9 06 0.6 0.

Emerging evidence demonstrates that curcumin has an inhibitory effect on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and its targets and mechanism of action need further exploration. The goal of this study was to explore the potential targets and mechanism of curcumin against NSCLC by network pharmacology, bioinformatics, and experimental validation, thereby providing more insight into combination treatment with curcumin for NSCLC in preclinical and clinical research. Curcumin targets against NSCLC were predicted based on HIT2.0, STD, CTD, and DisGeNET, and the core targets were analyzed via protein-protein interaction network construction (PPI), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and molecular docking. The gene expression levels of samples in A549 cells, NCI-H460, and curcumin treated groups were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. A total of 67 common targets between curcumin and NSCLC were collected by screening public databases. GO and KEGG analysis suggested that curcumin treatment of NSCLC mainly involves cancer-related pathways, such as PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, Foxo signaling pathway, microRNAs, MAPK signaling pathway, HIF-1 signaling pathway, etc. The targets with the highest degree were identified through the PPI network, namely CASP3, CTNNB1, JUN, IL6, MAPK3, HIF1A, STAT3, AKT1, TP53, CCND1, VEGFA, and EGFR. The results of the in vitro experiments showed that curcumin treatment of NSCLC down-regulated the gene expressions of CCND1, CASP3, HIF1A, IL-6, MAPK3, STAT3, AKT1, and TP53. Our findings revealed that curcumin functions as a potential therapeutic candidate for NSCLC by suppressing multiple signaling pathways and interacting with multiple gene targets. nonsmall non small NSCLC, , (NSCLC) exploration pharmacology bioinformatics validation research HIT20 HIT HIT2 0 HIT2.0 STD CTD DisGeNET proteinprotein protein PPI, (PPI) GO, (GO) KEGG, (KEGG) docking A54 cells NCIH460, NCIH460 NCIH NCI H460, H460 H NCI-H460 realtime real time PCR 6 databases cancerrelated related PI3KAKT PIKAKT PI3K AKT PI K pathway microRNAs HIF1 HIF 1 HIF- etc CASP3 CASP CTNNB1 CTNNB JUN IL6 IL MAPK3 HIF1A HIFA STAT3 STAT AKT1 TP53 TP CCND1 CCND VEGFA EGFR downregulated down regulated 6, IL-6 (NSCLC HIT2. (PPI (GO (KEGG A5 NCIH46 H46 NCI-H46 KAKT PIK TP5 IL- NCIH4 H4 NCI-H4 NCI-H

ABSTRACT Objective: To look into the effects of different anesthesia methods on the labor process and the expression of serum estrogen and progesterone in primiparas with painless labor. Methods: 60 primiparas receiving painless labor were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into either a Spinal & Continuous epidural anesthesia group (n = 30) or a continuous epidural anesthesia group (n = 30), anesthesia is administered using the corresponding anesthesia method. The authors compared serum estrogen and progesterone, inflammatory index expression, pain degree and neonatal health status in different periods. Results: At T2 and T3, serum P, LH, FSH and E2 levels in the Spinal & Continuous epidural anesthesia group were signally lower than those in the Spinal & Continuous epidural anesthesia group (p < 0.05). Spinal & Continuous epidural anesthesia group harbored faster onset and longer duration of sensory block and motor block than the Continuous epidural anesthesia group (p < 0.05). SAS and SDS scores of the Spinal & Continuous epidural anesthesia group were clearly lower than those of the Continuous epidural anesthesia group (p < 0.05). VAS score and serum TNF-α, IL-6 levels of pregnant women in the Spinal & Continuous epidural anesthesia group were memorably lower than those in the Continuous epidural anesthesia group at T2 and T3 (p < 0.05). The total incidence of postoperative complications in the Spinal & Continuous epidural anesthesia group was distinctively lower than that in the Continuous epidural anesthesia group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Spinal anesthesia combined with continuous epidural anesthesia has a better anesthesia effect in the painless labor of primiparas, which can effectually ameliorate the labor process and the expression of serum estrogen and progesterone. Objective Methods 6 objects n 30 30, , method periods Results T P LH E p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) TNFα, TNFα TNF α, α TNF-α IL6 IL IL- Conclusion 3 00 0.0 0.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare the effectiveness and safety of marketed oral drugs for overactive bladder based on a systematic review and network meta-analysis approach. Methods: Pubmed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials databases were systematically searched. The search time frame was from database creation to June 2, 2022. Randomized controlled double-blind trials of oral medication for overactive bladder were screened against the protocol's entry criteria. Trials were evaluated for quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, and data were statistically analyzed using Stata 16.0 software. Result: A total of 60 randomized controlled double-blind clinical trials were included involving 50,333 subjects. Solifenacin 10mg was the most effective in mean daily micturitions and incontinence episodes, solifenacin 5/10mg in mean daily urinary urgency episodes and nocturia episodes, fesoterodine 8mg in urgency incontinence episodes/d and oxybutynin 5mg in voided volume/micturition. In terms of safety, solifenacin 5mg, ER-tolterodine 4mg, mirabegron, vibegron and ER-oxybutynin 10mg all showed a better incidence of dry mouth, fesoterodine 4mg, ER-oxybutynin 10mg, tolterodine 2mg, and vibegron in the incidence of constipation. Compared to placebo, imidafenacin 0.1mg showed a significantly increased incidence in hypertension, solifenacin 10mg in urinary tract infection, fesoterodine 4/8mg and darifenacin 15mg in headache. Conclusion: Solifenacin showed better efficacy. For safety, most anticholinergic drugs were more likely to cause dry mouth and constipation, lower doses were better tolerated. The choice of drugs should be tailored to the patient's specific situation to find the best balance between efficacy and safety. Purpose metaanalysis meta analysis approach Methods Pubmed Embase Science searched 2 2022 doubleblind double blind protocols protocol s criteria Tool 160 16 0 16. software Result 6 50333 50 333 50,33 subjects mg 510mg 5 episodesd d volumemicturition volume micturition volume/micturition ERtolterodine ER 4mg mirabegron ERoxybutynin 2mg constipation placebo 01mg 1mg hypertension infection 48mg 4 headache Conclusion tolerated patients patient 202 1 5033 33 50,3 20 503 3 50,

RESUMEN Introducción: La investigación y el desarrollo de nuevos métodos de diagnóstico de lesiones y entrenamiento de rehabilitación en beneficios para la salud y el entrenamiento de los deportistas es una prioridad contemporánea. Entre las técnicas modernas destaca el diagnóstico por tecnología de imagen. Objetivo: Estudiar el efecto auxiliar de la tecnología de imagen en el diagnóstico y entrenamiento de rehabilitación de lesiones funcionales de la articulación de la rodilla en la práctica del baloncesto. Métodos: Se seleccionaron 50 jugadores de baloncesto diagnosticados y tratados en los últimos cuatro años por lesiones funcionales de la articulación de la rodilla en un hospital especial, incluidos 28 atletas de sexo masculino y 22 de sexo femenino, con edades comprendidas entre los 17 y los 25 años. Se utilizó el sistema de imágenes espectrales FTIR PerkinElmer Spotlight-300 para escanear las secciones de cartílago articular, y se obtuvieron imágenes de luz visible y de absorción total de las muestras mediante imágenes en modo de reflexión. Resultados: El pico infrarrojo del cartílago articular medido mediante la tecnología de imagen de espectro infrarrojo es muy coherente con el espectro FTIR. Tras el entrenamiento de rehabilitación, la puntuación de la prueba Y de las pacientes femeninas aumentó de 96,72 ± 6,05 a 105,40 ± 4,23, y la puntuación de la prueba Y de los pacientes masculinos aumentó de 98,34 ± 5,33 a 105,51 ± 4,89, mostrando diferencias significativas. Conclusión: La tecnología de imágenes del espectro infrarrojo es una técnica eficaz para identificar lesiones funcionales de la articulación de la rodilla, y es de gran utilidad para el diagnóstico y la actualización del entrenamiento en jugadores de baloncesto con traumatismo de rodilla. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento. Introducción contemporánea Objetivo Métodos 5 especial 2 femenino 1 Spotlight300 Spotlight 300 Spotlight-30 reflexión Resultados 9672 96 72 96,7 605 6 05 6,0 10540 105 40 105,4 423 4 23 4,23 9834 98 34 98,3 533 33 5,3 10551 51 105,5 489 89 4,89 significativas Conclusión II tratamiento Spotlight30 30 Spotlight-3 967 9 7 96, 60 0 6, 1054 10 105, 42 4,2 983 3 98, 53 5, 1055 48 8 4,8 Spotlight3 Spotlight- 4,

RESUMO Introdução: A pesquisa e o desenvolvimento de novos métodos de diagnóstico de lesões e treinamento de reabilitação em benefícios para a saúde e o treinamento dos atletas é uma prioridade contemporânea. Entre as técnicas modernas, destaca-se o diagnóstico por tecnologia de imagem. Objetivo: Estudar o efeito auxiliar da tecnologia de imagem no diagnóstico e treinamento de reabilitação das lesões funcionais das articulações do joelho na prática do basquetebol. Métodos: Foram selecionados 50 jogadores de basquetebol diagnosticados e tratados nos últimos quatro anos por lesões da função articular do joelho em um hospital especial, incluindo 28 atletas masculinos e 22 atletas femininos, com idade entre 17 e 25 anos. O sistema de imagem espectral PerkinElmer Spotlight-300 FTIR foi usado para escanear as seções de cartilagem articular, a luz visível e as imagens de absorção total das amostras foram obtidas através da imagem em modo de reflexão. Resultados: O pico da característica infravermelha da cartilagem articular medida pela tecnologia de imagem de espectro infravermelho é muito consistente com o espectro FTIR. Após o treinamento de reabilitação, o escore do teste Y de pacientes do sexo feminino aumentou de 96,72 ± 6,05 para 105,40 ± 4,23, e o escore do teste Y de pacientes do sexo masculino aumentou de 98,34 ± 5,33 para 105,51 ± 4,89, mostrando diferenças significativas. Conclusão: A tecnologia de imagem de espectro infravermelho é uma técnica eficaz para identificar a lesão funcional da articulação do joelho, sendo de grande utilidade para o diagnóstico e atualização de treinamento em praticantes de basquetebol com traumatismos no joelho. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento. Introdução contemporânea modernas destacase destaca se Objetivo Métodos 5 especial 2 femininos 1 Spotlight300 Spotlight 300 Spotlight-30 reflexão Resultados 9672 96 72 96,7 605 6 05 6,0 10540 105 40 105,4 423 4 23 4,23 9834 98 34 98,3 533 33 5,3 10551 51 105,5 489 89 4,89 significativas Conclusão II tratamento Spotlight30 30 Spotlight-3 967 9 7 96, 60 0 6, 1054 10 105, 42 4,2 983 3 98, 53 5, 1055 48 8 4,8 Spotlight3 Spotlight- 4,

ABSTRACT Introduction: The research and development of new methods of injury diagnosis and rehabilitation training in benefits to the health and training of athletes is a contemporary priority. Among modern techniques, diagnostic imaging technology stands out. Objective: Study the auxiliary effect of imaging technology in the diagnosis and rehabilitation training of functional knee joint injuries in basketball practice. Methods: 50 basketball players diagnosed and treated in the past four years for knee joint function injuries in a special hospital were selected, including 28 male and 22 female athletes, aged 17 to 25 years. PerkinElmer Spotlight-300 FTIR spectral imaging system was used to scan the articular cartilage sections, visible light and total absorption images of the samples were obtained by reflection mode imaging. Results: The peak infrared feature of the articular cartilage measured by the infrared spectrum imaging technology is very consistent with the FTIR spectrum. After rehabilitation training, the Y test score of female patients increased from 96.72 ± 6.05 to 105.40 ± 4.23, and the Y test score of male patients increased from 98.34 ± 5.33 to 105.51 ± 4.89, showing significant differences. Conclusion: Infrared spectrum imaging technology is an effective technique for identifying functional knee joint injury, and is of great use for diagnosis and training update in basketball players with knee trauma. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes. Introduction priority techniques out Objective practice Methods 5 selected 2 1 Spotlight300 Spotlight 300 Spotlight-30 sections Results 9672 96 72 96.7 605 6 05 6.0 10540 105 40 105.4 423 4 23 4.23 9834 98 34 98.3 533 33 5.3 10551 51 105.5 489 89 4.89 differences Conclusion trauma II outcomes Spotlight30 30 Spotlight-3 967 9 7 96. 60 0 6. 1054 10 105. 42 4.2 983 3 98. 53 5. 1055 48 8 4.8 Spotlight3 Spotlight- 4.

ABSTRACT Top-quality pellets can significantly increase density and durability of agricultural residues, reducing logistic costs. However, these pellets depend on numerous parameters, including feedstock properties and production conditions. To ensure high-quality pellets, a single-factor experiment and the response surface methodology were used to investigate the effects of particle size, moisture content, molding pressure, pelleting time, ultrasonic power, and interaction effects between variables on density and durability of pellets for ultrasonic vibration-assisted pelleting of corn stover. The response surface models between variables and response were established. The results showed that all variables affect the density and durability of pellets. An optimal condition for density and durability was obtained, and a further experiment was conducted to validate the values. The results suggested that desirability (0.999) under optimal conditions confirmed the validation of models. The optimal combination of process parameters included particle size of 1.5 mm, moisture content of 10 %, molding pressure of 379 kPa, pelleting time of 80 s, ultrasonic power of 250 W, with values of 1,381.14 kg m–3 and 97.58 % for density and durability of pellets, respectively. Topquality Top quality residues costs However highquality high singlefactor single factor vibrationassisted vibration assisted stover established obtained 0.999 0999 0 999 (0.999 15 1 5 1. mm 37 kPa 8 s 25 W 138114 381 14 1,381.1 m3 m 3 m– 9758 97 58 97.5 respectively 0.99 099 99 (0.99 2 13811 38 1,381. 975 9 97. 0.9 09 (0.9 1381 1,381 0. (0. 138 1,38 (0 13 1,3 ( 1,

RESUMEN Introducción: El entrenamiento debe realizarse de acuerdo con las características del baloncesto estableciendo un sistema de índices de evaluación científica para explotar plenamente el potencial de sus jugadores. Objetivo: Evaluar el sistema de índices de medición del entrenamiento físico específico para jugadores de baloncesto. Métodos: Se estudiaron los índices de evaluación del entrenamiento físico de los deportistas mediante la comprobación de la literatura científica y la estadística matemática, y se diseñó y experimentó un índice de evaluación del entrenamiento físico de los jóvenes jugadores de baloncesto. Resultados: La proporción más alta de la puntuación de la aptitud física especial en la media atlética fue del 46,25%; la proporción de la puntuación de la aptitud física general de los jugadores representó un 15% por encima y un 13,75% por debajo, el nivel de aptitud física específica de los jugadores de baloncesto está principalmente en el nivel medio. Conclusión: Los efectos del entrenamiento pueden evaluarse eficazmente mediante el sistema de índice de experiencia, y es útil para que los deportistas encuentren las deficiencias, aprovechen al máximo su propio potencial, mejoren las habilidades y adapten las tácticas de baloncesto. También puede proporcionar más talentos de reserva para el baloncesto profesional. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento. Introducción Objetivo Métodos matemática Resultados 46,25% 4625 46 25 15 1375 13 75 13,75 debajo medio Conclusión experiencia deficiencias profesional II tratamiento 46,25 462 4 2 1 137 7 13,7 46,2 13, 46,

RESUMO Introdução: O treinamento deve ser realizado de acordo com as características do basquetebol estabelecendo um sistema de índice de avaliação científica para explorar plenamente o potencial de seus jogadores. Objetivo: Avaliar o sistema de índices de medição do treinamento físico específico para os jogadores de basquetebol. Métodos: Os índices de avaliação do treinamento físico dos atletas foram estudados verificando a literatura científica e estatísticas matemáticas, um índice de avaliação para o treinamento físico de jovens jogadores de basquetebol foi projetado e experimentado. Resultados: A maior proporção da pontuação da aptidão física especial na média atlética foi de 46,25%; a proporção da pontuação da aptidão física geral dos jogadores representou 15% acima e 13,75% abaixo, o nível de aptidão física específica dos jogadores de basquetebol está principalmente no nível mediano. Conclusão: Os efeitos do treinamento podem ser efetivamente avaliados pelo sistema de índice experimentado, sendo útil para que os atletas possam encontrar deficiências, aproveitar plenamente seu próprio potencial, melhorar as habilidades e adaptar as táticas do basquetebol. Também poderá fornecer mais talentos de reserva para o basquetebol profissional. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento. Introdução Objetivo Métodos matemáticas experimentado Resultados 46,25% 4625 46 25 15 1375 13 75 13,75 abaixo mediano Conclusão deficiências profissional II tratamento 46,25 462 4 2 1 137 7 13,7 46,2 13, 46,

ABSTRACT Introduction: The training should be performed according to the characteristics of basketball by establishing a scientific evaluation index system to fully exploit the potential of its players. Objective: Evaluate the index system for measuring physical training specific to basketball players. Methods: The physical training evaluation indexes of athletes were studied by checking the scientific literature and mathematical statistics, and an evaluation index for the physical training of young basketball players was designed and experimented. Results: The highest proportion of the special fitness score in athletic average was 46.25%; the proportion of the players’ general fitness score represented 15% above and 13.75% below. The specific fitness level of basketball players is mainly at the average level. Conclusion: The effects of training can be effectively evaluated by the experienced index system, and it is useful for athletes to find deficiencies, make full use of their potential, improve skills and adapt basketball tactics. It may also provide more reserve talent for professional basketball. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes. Introduction Objective Methods statistics experimented Results 46.25% 4625 46 25 15 1375 13 75 13.75 below Conclusion deficiencies tactics II outcomes 46.25 462 4 2 1 137 7 13.7 46.2 13. 46.

ABSTRACT Purpose The predictors of trifecta achievement in partial nephrectomy (PN) were poorly inquired and remained a controversial area of discovery. To evaluate predictive factors of trifecta achievement in patients undergoing PN. Materials and Methods A systematic literature search was performed to identify relevant articles. Only studies focusing on postoperative trifecta achievement and exploring its predictor with multivariable analyses were included. The trifecta achievement was defined as negative surgical margins, warm ischemia time <25 minutes, and no complications. Merged odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the predictive effect. Results Thirteen studies with 7066 patients meeting the inclusion criteria were included. The rate of trifecta achievement ranged from 43.3% to 78.6%. Merged results showed that preoperative eGFR (OR: 1.01, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.02, P=0.02), operative time (OR: 0.99, 95% CI: 0.99, 1.00, P=0.02), estimated blood loss (OR: 1.00, 95% CI: 1.00, 1.00, P <0.001), tumor size (OR: 0.70, 95% CI: 0.58, 0.84, P <0.001), medium (OR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.18, 0.84, P=0.02) and high PADUA score (OR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.64, P=0.005) were independently associated with trifecta achievement. A publication bias was identified for tumor size. Sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability of result for tumor size. Conclusions Larger tumor size, medium and high PADUA score are associated with decreased probability of trifecta achievement. After verifying by further high-quality studies, these variables can be incorporated into tools to predict probability of trifecta achievement during clinical practice.

Abstract Objectives: M1 macrophage polarization and phenotype in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are common biological responses. Method: Herein, IBD mice models were constructed and macrophages were derived. Results: It was discovered that microRNA-146b (miR-146b) was downregulated in IBD mice and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages. Moreover, the inhibitory role of overexpressed miR-146b in reducing the inflammation level and blocking M1 macrophage polarization was confirmed. Further investigation indicated that Fibrinogen Like 2 (FGL2) acted as the target gene of miR-146b, and FGL2 mediated activation of NLRP3, NF-κB-p65, and p38-MAPK. More importantly, it was validated that miR-146b could ameliorate inflammatory pheno-type and prevent M1 macrophage polarization via inhibiting FGL2 in vitro, and miR-146b overexpression alleviated the intestinal injury of IBD mice in vivo. Conclusions: Overall, it is potential to use miR-146b for the amelioration of IBD. HIGHLIGHTS miR-146b was downregulated in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) mice and LPS-induced macrophages. Fibrinogen Like 2 (FGL2) was identified as the target gene of miR-146b. miR-146b ameliorated the inflammation and blocked M1 macrophage polarization via inhibiting FGL2. miR-146b ameliorated the symptoms and pathological injury of IBD via inhibiting FGL2.

Abstract As one of classic Chinese kidney-tonifying herbal medicines, Taxillus chinensis (DC.) Danser is widely applied in Chinese folk medicine as herbal tea for nutraceutical purposes including nourishing kidney, strengthening muscle and bone to against weakness, etc. In the present study, we investigated the protective effect of aqueous extracts from Taxillus chinensis (AETCs) on the ovariectomy (OVX)-induced osteoporosis in rats. Results showed that AETC treatment at the dose of 12.0 g raw materials/kg for 12 weeks significantly enhanced the bone mineral densities of femur and tibia, improved the trabecular microarchitecture compared with OVX controls. The serum levels of osteogenic markers alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were increased, and the levels of bone resorption biomarkers tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b and telopeptides of collagen type I were suppressed by AETCs. Moreover, 12.0 g raw materials/kg AETC treatment significantly reduced the OVX-induced up-regulation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 mRNA and protein expression in bone tissues. Data suggested that AETCs showed anti-osteoporotic effect in OVX rats, possibly via promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone absorption. The down-regulation of inflammatory COX-2 might be involved in the protection of AETCs against OVX –induced osteoporosis.

Abstract To investigate effect and mechanism of maternal exposure to trace cadmium on the differentiation and development in testis of male offspring rats. Thirty-two pregnant female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: CdCl2 treated group (group A) was intraperitoneally injected with CdCl2 (1.5 mg/kg.d); DES group(group B) was subcutaneously injected with DES (100 μg/kg.d); CdCl2 +TMX group(group C) was treated with CdCl2 (same as above)+TMX (50 mg/kg.d); control group (group D) was treated with the same dose normal saline instead of CdCl2. On day 30th after parturition, the weight and sex ratio of off-spring male rats were recorded; Offspring testes were used for ultrastructural observation. Ultrastructural changes including swollen mitochondria and expanded endoplasmic reticulum in Sertoli cells, gonocyte and Leydig cells, moreover, lipid droplets cumulated in Leydig cells were observed in group A and group B, and so changes in group C were slightly more than those in group A or group B. The expression of StAR and inhibin-B in Leydig cells decreased significantly in group A and group B (p < 0.05), but there were no difference between group C and group D (P > 0.05). Cadmium has similar effect as estrogen which would affect gonadal differentiation and development in male fetal rats.

This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic value of heparin-binding protein (HBP) in the cerebrospinal fluid of children with purulent meningitis (PM). This study included 118 children with PM diagnosed at our hospital from January 2018 to January 2020, 110 children with viral meningitis (VM) and 80 children with suspected meningitis who were ruled out by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis during the same period. HBP and white blood cell (WBC) count in the CSF, and inflammatory factors, including C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and procalcitonin (PCT), were measured. Receiver-operator characteristic curves were used to analyze the predictive value of HBP, CRP, PCT, and TNF-α levels in the diagnosis of PM by CSF analysis. HBP levels in the CSF of children with PM were higher, while the CRP and serum PCT and TNF-α levels were elevated in all groups (P<0.05). In addition, HBP levels in the CSF were more accurate for the diagnosis of PM than traditional diagnostic indexes. HBP levels in the CSF can be used as an important reference for early diagnosis of PM.

ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies showed consistent results for associations between circulating concentrations of vitamin D and risk of antenatal, postnatal depression. Methods: Articles published in English before November 2020 were searched in databases as follows: PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Medline, Google Scholar and Cochrane. These articles explored associations between circulating concentrations of vitamin D and risk of antenatal, postnatal depression.The present meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 12.0 software. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) extracted from included studies were computed using a random effects model or a fixed effects model according to heterogeneities between included studies. Q test and I2 were used to explore heterogeneities between included studies. Results: 7 cohort studies (including 1567 depression cases and 5254 controls) and 3 case-control studies (including 995 depression cases and 1265 controls) were included in the present study. The study showed that low circulating levels of 25-hydroxy (OH) vitamin D is significantly associated with a higher risk of antenatal and postnatal depression (OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.04, I2 = 90.7%, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our results have shown that the low level of vitamin D may be an adverse factor of antenatal and postnatal depression.

Abstract Background: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR), and the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Aim of this work was to investigate the mechanism of PPARα in DR. Methods: Human retinal capillary pericytes (HRCPs) were treated with high glucose (HG) to induce DR cell model. DR mouse model was established by streptozotocin injection, and then received 5-Aza-2-deoxycytidine (DAC; DNA methyltransferase inhibitor) treatment. Hematoxylin–eosin staining was performed to assess retinal tissue damage. PPARα methylation was examined by Methylation-Specific PCR. Flow cytometry and DCFH-DA fluorescent probe was used to estimate apoptosis and reactive oxygen species (ROS). The interaction between DNA methyltransferase-1 (DNMT1) and PPARα promoter was examined by Chromatin Immunoprecipitation. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were performed to assess gene and protein expression. Results: HG treatment enhanced the methylation levels of PPARα, and repressed PPARα expression in HRCPs. The levels of apoptotic cells and ROS were significantly increased in HRCPs in the presence of HG. Moreover, DNMT1 was highly expressed in HG-treated HRCPs, and DNMT1 interacted with PPARα promoter. PPARα overexpression suppressed apoptosis and ROS levels of HRCPs, which was rescued by DNMT1 up-regulation. In DR mice, DAC treatment inhibited PPARα methylation and reduced damage of retinal tissues. Conclusion: DNMT1-mediated PPARα methylation promotes apoptosis and ROS levels of HRCPs and aggravates damage of retinal tissues in DR mice. Thus, this study may highlight novel insights into DR pathogenesis.

Valency is a major source of lexical errors in foreign language learning. Accordingly, the research question is how the syntactic and semantic properties of a word can be retrieved from the corpora and represented in a Chinese valency dictionary to facilitate foreign learners' vocabulary acquisition. Within the three aspects of the valency framework - logical-semantic, syntactic and semantic-pragmatic valency - this study examines 60 cases of Chinese lexical misuse extracted from the HSK (Chinese Language Proficiency Test) Dynamic Compositions Corpus. The results suggest that the majority of cases of misuse occur in the dimension of semantic-pragmatic valency and that this semantic-pragmatic misuse can be ascribed to various factors such as semantic collocations, emotive variables, text styles, registers, and other contextual factors. The results are then utilized as syntactic, semantic and pragmatic information to be presented in a Chinese valency dictionary. Specifically, the results obtained from a case study of a misused word by referring to a large-scale native Chinese speaker corpus help retrieve a relatively full list of complementation patterns, based on which the study designs a Chinese valency entry that embodies three basic elements - quantitative valency, qualitative valency and valency patterns.

Valensie is 'n groot bron van leksikale foute in die aanleer van 'n vreemde taal. Gevolglik ontstaan die vraag hoe sintaktiese en semantiese eienskappe van 'n woord uit die korpus verkry en in 'n Chinese valensiewoordeboek weergegee kan word om woordeskat-verwerwing vir vreemdetaalleerders te vergemaklik. Met inagneming van die drie aspekte van 'n valensieraamwerk - logies-semantiese, sintaktiese en semanties-pragmatiese valensie - word 60 gevalle van Chinese leksikale foute wat uit die HSK (Chinese Taalvaardigheidstoets) Dinamies Saamgestelde Korpus onttrek is, bestudeer. Die resultate dui daarop dat die meeste van die foute plaasvind in die semanties-pragmatiese valensie-dimensie en dat hierdie semanties-pragmatiese foute toegeskryf kan word aan verskeie faktore soos semantiese kollokasies, emotiewe verander-likes, teksstyle, registers, en ander kontekstuele faktore. Die resultate word dan benut as sintak-tiese, semantiese en pragmatiese inligting wat in 'n Chinese valensiewoordeboek weergegee moet word. Meer spesifiek, die resultate wat verkry word uit 'n gevallestudie van 'n verkeerd gebruikte woord wat onttrek is uit 'n grootskaalse Chinese moedertaalssprekerskorpus, help om 'n relatief volledige lys aanvullingspatrone, wat gebaseer is op die studieontwerpe van 'n Chinese valensie-inskrywing wat drie basiese elemente insluit - kwantitatiewe valensie, kwalitatiewe valensie en valensiepatrone - te verkry.