Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Objective: To report outcomes from the largest multicenter series of penile cancer patients undergoing video endoscopic inguinal lymphadenectomy (VEIL). Materials and Methods: Retrospective multicenter analysis. Authors of 21 centers from the Penile Cancer Collaborative Coalition-Latin America (PeC-LA) were included. All centers performed the procedure following the same previously described standardized technique. Inclusion criteria included penile cancer patients with no palpable lymph nodes and intermediate/high-risk disease and those with non-fixed palpable lymph nodes less than 4 cm in diameter. Categorical variables are shown as percentages and frequencies whereas continuous variables as mean and range. Results: From 2006 to 2020, 210 VEIL procedures were performed in 105 patients. Mean age was 58 (45-68) years old. Mean operative time was 90 minutes (60-120). Mean lymph node yield was 10 nodes (6-16). Complication rate was 15.7%, including severe complications in 1.9% of procedures. Lymphatic and skin complications were noted in 8.6 and 4.8% of patients, respectively. Histopathological analysis revealed lymph node involvement in 26.7% of patients with non-palpable nodes. Inguinal recurrence was observed in 2.8% of patients. 10y- overall survival was 74.2% and 10-y cancer specific survival was 84.8%. CSS for pN0, pN1, pN2 and pN3 were 100%, 82.4%, 72.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Conclusion: VEIL seems to offer appropriate long term oncological control with minimal morbidity. In the absence of non-invasive stratification measures such as dynamic sentinel node biopsy, VEIL emerged as the alternative for the management of non-bulky lymph nodes in penile cancer.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2023.0065

How many species of Mollusca are there in Brazil? A collective taxonomic effort to reveal this still unknown diversity
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Machado, Fabrizio M.

; Miranda, Marcel S.

; Salvador, Rodrigo B.

; Pimenta, Alexandre D.

; Côrtes, Mariana O.

; Gomes, Jaime A.J.

; Miyahira, Igor C.

; Agudo-Padrón, Ignacio

; Oliveira, Cléo D.C.

; Caetano, Carlos H.S.

; Coelho, Paulo R.S.

; D’Ávila, Sthefane

; Arruda, Eliane P. de

; Almeida, Sérgio M. de

; Gomes, Suzete R.

; Alvim, Juliana

; Galvão-Filho, Hilton

; L. Ferreira-Júnior, Augusto

; Marques, Rodrigo C.

; Martins, Inês

; Souza, Leonardo S. de

; Arruda, Janine O.

; Cavallari, Daniel C.

; Santos, Sonia B. dos

; Pedro, Natan C.

; Salles, Anna C. de A.

; Dornellas, Ana P.S.

; Lima, Tarcilla C. de

; Amaral, Vanessa S. do

; Silva, Fernanda S.

; Passos, Flávio D.

; Thiengo, Silvana S.

; Leite, Tatiana S.

; Simone, Luiz R.L.

Zoologia (Curitiba)

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2023, Volume 40 elocation e23026

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The expression ‘you need to know to conserve’ is a well-known cliche among biologists. Documenting the richness of a group of organisms is the first step towards understanding biodiversity and preparing efficient conservation plans. In this context, many efforts have been made to quantify the number of species on Earth and estimate the number of species still unknown to science. A few countries have complete and integrated databases estimating the approximate number of species recorded for their territory, particularly in the Global South. In Brazil, a country of continental dimensions, revealing the richness of the second most diverse clade of invertebrates (=Mollusca) has been a goal of taxonomists. Recently, in an unprecedented, collective, and integrated effort among Brazilian malacologists, it was possible to estimate how many valid species of molluscs are there in Brazil. In this effort, more than 30 mollusc experts joined together to update the Taxonomic Catalogue of the Brazilian Fauna (TCBF), a governmental website that allows a quick and real-time updating of all Metazoan. So far, more than 5,000 updates have been made in TCBF, indicating the presence of 3,552 valid species of molluscs in Brazil, distributed among the main clades as follows: Caudofoveata (10 spp.), Solenogastres (6 spp.), Polyplacophora (35 spp.), Scaphopoda (43 spp.), Cephalopoda (92 spp.), Bivalvia (629 spp.) and Gastropoda (2,737 spp.). The present study, in addition to demonstrating for the first time the richness of Brazilian molluscs, also presents the state of the art of this important phylum of invertebrates highlighting its most representative and neglected groups.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e23026

Air velocity spatial variability in open Compost-Bedded Pack Barn system with positive pressure ventilation
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OLIVEIRA, CARLOS EDUARDO A.

; TINÔCO, ILDA DE FÁTIMA F.

; DAMASCENO, FLÁVIO A.

; OLIVEIRA, VICTOR C. DE

; RODRIGUES, PEDRO HENRIQUE M.

; FERRAZ, GABRIEL A.S.

; SOUSA, FERNANDA C. DE

; ANDRADE, RAFAELLA R.

; NASCIMENTO, JOÃO ANTÔNIO C. DO

; SILVA, LEONARDO F. DA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2023, Volume 95 Supl. 1 elocation e20220415

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract In Compost-Bedded Pack Barn (CBP) systems, air velocity is linked with the thermal comfort of housed dairy cattle and bedding quality and, therefore, assessing ventilation efficiency is essential. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate and characterize dependence and spatial distribution of air velocity at the 1.5 m height (vair,M) and at bedding level (vair,B) in an open CBP system with positive pressure ventilation. The study was conducted in 2021, in a facility located in the Zona da Mata region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. The facility area was divided into a mesh composed of 55 equidistant points, where vair,M and vair,B data were collected in the morning (09:00 a.m.) and afternoon (03:00 p.m.) periods, during three weeks in Brazilian winter. Geostatistics techniques were used to assess dependence and spatial distribution. In both periods evaluated, there were a strong occurrence of spatial dependence and non-uniform vair,M and vair,B distributions. The vair,M and vair,B values were lower than recommended (1.8 m∙s–1) in more than 65.0% of the area. Adequate ventilation levels were observed only in the first 20.0 m of the facility, from Southeast to Northwest, because of the fan lines present.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220415

Capra hircus outliers markers in Brazil: Searching for genomic regions under the action of natural selection
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Diniz Sobrinho, Francisco de A.

; Moura, Jeane de O.

; Bajay, Miklos M.

; Branco, Leonardo Castelo

; Bezerra, Roosevelt D.S.

; Araújo, Adriana M. de

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2023, Volume 46 Nº 3 elocation e20230084

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Identifying genome regions subject to selection in local breeds of Brazil is an opportunity to elucidate the C. hircus genome plasticity, flowing the colonization history of the country. Using SNP Bead Chip Illumina 50K genotyping of Brazilian Anglo-Nubian (standardized breed) and Marota (local endangered population from the semiarid area of Brazil) to show outliers loci in genome regions subject to selection. After applying data quality control, 45,600 SNPs were included in this investigation. Principal component analysis (PCAdapt) and FDIST2 analysis signalized 14 genomic regions more affected by selection in the Brazilian dry zone environment. The genome study signalized regions that are close to the sequences of genes related to growth and embryonic skeletal development (FGF12, AMPD2, OSTN). In addition, flagged regions close to the genes UTSB2 and SLC5A2 contribute to research on functional adaptation with low water needs and poor nutritive diet to survive. Both genes encode proteins that act on osmotic pathways and avoid cell flooding on stress cell responses. Further studies on the genetic role and involvement of these outliers’ genomic regions, building a robust conceptual high-resolution map of natural selection drives, help to achieve hardiness candidate genes linked to the evolutionary history of Capra hircus in the semiarid area of Brazil.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2023-0084

Neurocircuit models of obsessive-compulsive disorder: limitations and future directions for research
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Shephard, Elizabeth

; Batistuzzo, Marcelo C.

; Hoexter, Marcelo Q.

; Stern, Emily R.

; Zuccolo, Pedro F.

; Ogawa, Carolina Y.

; Silva, Renata M.

; Brunoni, Andre R.

; Costa, Daniel L.

; Doretto, Victoria

; Saraiva, Leonardo

; Cappi, Carolina

; Shavitt, Roseli G.

; Simpson, H. Blair

; van den Heuvel, Odile A.

; Miguel, Euripedes C.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Abr 2022, Volume 44 Nº 2 Páginas 187 - 200

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a common psychiatric condition classically characterized by obsessions (recurrent, intrusive and unwanted thoughts) and compulsions (excessive, repetitive and ritualistic behaviors or mental acts). OCD is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation and not all patients respond to first-line treatments. Several neurocircuit models of OCD have been proposed with the aim of providing a better understanding of the neural and cognitive mechanisms involved in the disorder. These models use advances in neuroscience and findings from neuropsychological and neuroimaging studies to suggest links between clinical profiles that reflect the symptoms and experiences of patients and dysfunctions in specific neurocircuits. Several models propose that treatments for OCD could be improved if directed to specific neurocircuit dysfunctions, thereby restoring efficient neurocognitive function and ameliorating the symptomatology of each associated clinical profile. Yet, there are several important limitations to neurocircuit models of OCD. The purpose of the current review is to highlight some of these limitations, including issues related to the complexity of brain and cognitive function, the clinical presentation and course of OCD, etiological factors, and treatment methods proposed by the models. We also provide suggestions for future research to advance neurocircuit models of OCD and facilitate translation to clinical application.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1709

Memory elicitation, T-cell response and antibody production: an independent study of an inactivated entire virus vaccine (Coronavac)
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SOUZA-SILVA, GUILHERME ANTONIO DE

; AQUINO, RODRIGO CESAR A. DE

; SOUSA, GEORON F. DE

; BARROS, BÁRBARA RAFAELA S.

; LIMA, MARÍLLIA RAPHAELLA C.F. DE

; CRUZ, LEONARDO C.O.

; MARCOS, BIANCA F. SÃO

; SILVA, ANNA JÉSSICA D.

; TALES, APARECIDA VIRGÍNIA S.

; DINIZ, MADI V.

; LIMA, MÔNICA MARIA C.

; SÁ, IGOR W.A. DE

; RODRIGUES, FÁBIO AUGUSTO C.

; SOUZA, EDSON B. DE

; NASCIMENTO, ARIONE V. DO

; VIEIRA, AMANDA M.

; CARVALHO, BRUNO M. DE

; CAMPELO JÚNIOR, EVÔNIO B.

; FREITAS, ANTONIO CARLOS DE

; MELO, CRISTIANE M.L. DE

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 3 elocation e20211590

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Health professionals working to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic are one of the main risk groups for the disease, being prioritized for vaccination. Considering this, the aim of this study was to analyze the immune response of these professionals immunized with CoronaVac in the first and second doses. Blood samples were collected after the first and second doses of the vaccine (CoronaVac) and used to investigate hematological and biochemical parameters, analysis of immunoglobulin production, cytokines, and gene expression profile, as well as the identification of subsets of immune cells. Post-first dose immunological phenotypic memory (CD27+) profiles (T CD4+, TCD8+ and CD19+) showed a significant increase, as did Monocyte APCs (CD80+HLA-DR+) in relation to the second dose. The cytokines IL-2, IL-6 and IFN-° showed increased values in relation to the other analyzed cytokines. The Th2/Th17 profile in the second dose was characterized by gene expression analysis. The production of IgM and IgG after vaccination showed statistically significant values in the comparison between doses. CoronaVac showed activation of APCs monocytes, memory response of T and B lymphocytes, with immunoglobulins production. This set of responses is characterized by the Th2/Th17 immunological profile.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220211590

Suplementação de Vitamina D Induz Remodelação Cardíaca em Ratos: Associação com a Proteína de Interação com a Tiorredoxina e a Tiorredoxina
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Santos, Priscila P. dos

; Rafacho, Bruna P. M.

; Gonçalves, Andrea F.

; Pires, Vanessa C. M.

; Roscani, Meliza G.

; Azevedo, Paula S.

; Polegato, Bertha F.

; Minicucci, Marcos F.

; Fernandes, Ana Angélica H.

; Tanni, Suzana E.

; Zornoff, Leonardo A. M.

; Paiva, Sergio A. R. de

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Nov 2021, Volume 116 Nº 5 Páginas 970 - 978

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: A vitamina D (VD) tem um importante papel na função cardíaca. No entanto, a vitamina exerce uma curva “dose-resposta” bifásica na fisiopatologia cardiovascular e pode causar efeitos deletérios, mesmo em doses não tóxicas. A VD exerce suas funções celulares ligando-se ao seu receptor. Ainda, a expressão da proteína de interação com a tiorredoxina (TXNIP) é positivamente regulada pela VD. A TXNIP modula diferentes visa de sinalização celular que podem ser importantes para a remodelação cardíaca. Objetivos: Avaliar se a suplementação com VD leva à remodelação cardíaca, e se a TXNIP e a tiorredoxina (Trx) estão associadas com esse processo. Métodos: Duzentos e cinquenta ratos Wistar machos foram alocados em três grupos: controle (C, n=21), sem suplementação com VD; VD3 (n = 22) e VD10 (n=21), suplementados com 3,000 e 10,000 UI de VD/ kg de ração, respectivamente, por dois meses. Os grupos foram comparados por análise de variância (ANOVA) com um fator e teste post hoc de Holm-Sidak (variáveis com distribuição normal), ou pelo teste de Kruskal-Wallis e análise post-hoc de Dunn. O nível de significância para todos os testes foi de 5%. Resultados: A expressão de TXNIP foi mais alta e a atividade do Trx foi mais baixa no grupo VD10. Os animais que receberam suplementação com VD apresentaram aumento de hidroperóxido lipídico e diminuição de superóxido dismutase e glutationa peroxidase. A proteína Bcl-2 foi mais baixa no grupo VD10. Observou-se uma diminuição na β-oxidação de ácidos graxos, no ciclo do ácido tricarboxílico, na cadeia transportadora de elétrons, e um aumento na via glicolítica. Conclusão: A suplementação com VD levou à remodelação cardíaca e esse processo pode ser modulado por TXNIP e Trx, e consequentemente por estresse oxidativo.

Abstract Background: Vitamin D (VD) has been shown to play an important role in cardiac function. However, this vitamin exerts a biphasic “dose response” curve in cardiovascular pathophysiology and may cause deleterious effects, even in non-toxic doses. VD exerts its cellular functions by binding to VD receptor. Additionally, it was identified that the thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) expression is positively regulated by VD. TXNIP modulate different cell signaling pathways that may be important for cardiac remodeling. Objective: To evaluate whether VD supplementation lead to cardiac remodeling and if TXNIP and thioredoxin (Trx) proteins are associated with the process. Methods: A total of 250 Male Wistar rats were allocated into three groups: control (C, n=21), with no VD supplementation; VD3 (n = 22) and VD10 (n=21), supplemented with 3,000 and 10,000 IU of VD/ kg of chow respectively, for two months. The groups were compared by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Holm-Sidak post hoc analysis, (variables with normal distribution), or by Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn's test post hoc analysis. The significance level for all tests was 5%. Results: TXNIP protein expression was higher and Trx activity was lower in VD10. The animals supplemented with VD showed increased lipid hydroperoxide and decreased superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase. The protein Bcl-2 was lower in VD10. There was a decrease in fatty acid β-oxidation, tricarboxylic acid cycle and electron transport chain with shift to increase in glycolytic pathway. Conclusion: VD supplementation led to cardiac remodeling and this process may be modulated by TXNIP and Trx proteins and consequently oxidative stress.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190633 352 downloads

Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of suicidal behavior. Part 1. Risk factors, protective factors, and assessment
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Baldaçara, Leonardo

; Rocha, Gislene A.

; Leite, Verônica da S.

; Porto, Deisy M.

; Grudtner, Roberta R.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Meleiro, Alexandrina

; Correa, Humberto

; Tung, Teng C.

; Quevedo, João

; da Silva, Antônio G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Out 2021, Volume 43 Nº 5 Páginas 525 - 537

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Suicide is a global public health problem that causes the loss of more than 800,000 lives each year, principally among young people. In Brazil, the average mortality rate attributable to suicide is approximately 5.23 per 100,000 population. Although many guidelines have been published for the management of suicidal behavior, to date, there are no recent guidelines based on the principles of evidence-based medicine that apply to the reality of suicide in Brazil. The objective of this work is to provide key guidelines for managing patients with suicidal behavior in Brazil. This project involved 11 Brazilian psychiatry professionals selected by the Psychiatric Emergencies Committee (Comissão de Emergências Psiquiátricas) of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association for their experience and knowledge in psychiatry and psychiatric emergencies. For the development of these guidelines, 79 articles were reviewed (from 5,362 initially collected and 755 abstracts). In this review, we present definitions, risk and protective factors, assessments, and an introduction to the Safety Plan. Systematic review registry number: CRD42020206517

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0994 701 downloads

Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of suicidal behavior. Part 2. Screening, intervention, and prevention
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Baldaçara, Leonardo

; Grudtner, Roberta R.

; da S. Leite, Verônica

; Porto, Deisy M.

; Robis, Kelly P.

; Fidalgo, Thiago M.

; Rocha, Gislene A.

; Diaz, Alexandre P.

; Meleiro, Alexandrina

; Correa, Humberto

; Tung, Teng C.

; Malloy-Diniz, Leandro

; Quevedo, João

; da Silva, Antônio G.

Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry

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Out 2021, Volume 43 Nº 5 Páginas 538 - 549

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This article continues our presentation of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association guidelines for the management of patients with suicidal behavior, with a focus on screening, intervention, postvention, prevention, and promotion. For the development of these guidelines, we conducted a systematic review of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Web of Science, and SciELO databases for research published from 1997 to 2020. Systematic reviews, clinical trials, and cohort/observational studies on screening, intervention, and prevention in suicidal behavior were included. This project involved 14 Brazilian psychiatry professionals and 1 psychologist selected by the Psychiatric Emergencies Committee of the Brazilian Psychiatric Association for their experience and knowledge in psychiatry and psychiatric emergencies. Publications were evaluated according to the 2011 Oxford Center for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) Levels of Evidence Classification. Eighty-five articles were reviewed (of 5,362 initially collected and 755 abstracts on the drug approach). Forms of screening, intervention, and prevention are presented. The intervention section presents evidence for psychotherapeutic and drug interventions. For the latter, it is important to remember that each medication is effective only for specific groups and should not replace treatment protocols. We maintain our recommendation for the use of universal screening plus intervention. Although the various studies differ in terms of the populations evaluated and several proposals are presented, there is already significant evidence for certain interventions. Suicidal behavior can be analyzed by evidence-based medicine protocols. Currently, the best strategy is to combine several techniques through the Safety Plan. Nevertheless, further research on the topic is needed to elucidate some approaches with particular potential for intervention and prevention. Systematic review registry number: CRD42020206517

https://doi.org/10.1590/1516-4446-2020-1108 363 downloads

10.

Development of a TD-NMR Method to Monitor Brazil Nuts Oil Content: A Green and Low-Cost Based Approach
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Ribeiro, Úrsula A.

; Queiroz, Leonardo C.

; Marassi, Agide G.

; Carvalho, André S.

; Barros, Gabriel A.

; Consalter, Daniel M.

; Bezerra, Jaqueline A.

; Santos, Alan D. C.

; Colnago, Luiz Alberto

; Machado, Marcos B.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Jul 2021, Volume 32 Nº 7 Páginas 1405 - 1412

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Growth in the international popularity of Brazil nuts oil (Bertholletia excelsa, Bonpl.) has demanded a closer look at quality aspects of the nuts. In this context, time-domain 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (TD-NMR) can be a useful tool for assessing the lipid portion of such matrices. In this work, a TD-NMR method was developed and validated to assess the oil content directly from Brazil nuts following the ISO 10565:1998 and DOQ-CGCRE-008. Full validation was addressed covering the working range from 0.67 to 25.00 g (coefficient of determination, R2= 0.9993). Limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.20 and 0.67 g, respectively. The repeatability and intermediate precision assays met the guide requirements. Oil contents obtained in two laboratories (different equipment) were statistically similar (66.93 ± 4.69 and 70.13 ± 4.15%), highlighting the method’s robustness. The developed approach has the potential to be adopted as an industrial reference method for in situ monitoring of Brazil nuts oil contents.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20210039 105 downloads

11.

Partial characterization of digestive proteases in Pacific red snapper Lutjanus peru Nichols & Murphy, 1922 (Perciformes: Lutjanidae)
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Peña-Marín, Emyr S.

; Ibarra-Castro, Leonardo

; Martínez-Brown, Juan M.

; Hernández-López, Iris A.

; Tovar-Ramírez, Dariel

; Pérez-Urbiola, Juan C.

; Morales-García, Vicente

; Martinez-García, Rafael

; Camarillo-Coop, Susana

; Martínez-Montaño, Emmanuel

; Álvarez-González, Carlos A.

Latin american journal of aquatic research

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Jul 2021, Volume 49 Nº 3 Páginas 442 - 450

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Pacific red snapper (Lutjanus peru) is an important commercial species in Mexico with great aquaculture potential; however, digestive physiology is still unknown. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to characterize the digestive proteases of L. peru juvenile using biochemical and electrophoretic techniques. Results showed a higher acid protease activity than the alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin, and leucine aminopeptidase (LAP). The optimum temperature for acid proteases was between 30 to 40°C. Trypsin activity showed two maximum peaks of temperature (30 and 50°C), while alkaline proteases, chymotrypsin, and LAP had optimum temperatures of 50, 50 to 60, and 40°C, respectively. Moreover, the optimum pH of acid proteases was between 2 and 3. Also, alkaline proteases, trypsin, chymotrypsin showed pH optimums at pH 6, 9, and 5, respectively, although LAP showed two optimum pH values at 6 and 9. Acid protease zymogram showed three isoforms, totally inhibited by pepstatin A. Alkaline protease zymogram revealed six bands (125.4, 67.2, 57.9, 48.6, 29.8, and 26.9 kDa), which were inhibited by specific serine-proteases and metalloproteases inhibitors. In conclusion, the main digestion in L. peru depends on stomach proteases, which are characteristic of carnivorous fish, followed by intestinal digestion supported mainly by chymotrypsin.

https://doi.org/10.3856/vol49-issue3-fulltext-2624 92 downloads

12.

Influência do Consumo de Suco de Laranja (Citrus Sinensis) na Remodelação Cardíaca de Ratos Submetidos a Infarto do Miocárdio
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Oliveira, Bruna C.

; Santos, Priscila P.

; Figueiredo, Amanda M.

; Rafacho, Bruna P. M.

; Ishikawa, Larissa

; Zanati, Silméia G.

; Fernandes, Ana A. H.

; Azevedo, Paula S.

; Polegato, Bertha F.

; Zornoff, Leonardo A. M.

; Minicucci, Marcos F.

; Paiva, Sergio A. R.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Jun 2021, Volume 116 Nº 6 Páginas 1127 - 1136

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento O suco de laranja (SL) é rico em polifenóis com propriedades anti-inflamatórias e antioxidantes. Após o infarto do miocárdio (IM), mudanças complexas ocorrem na estrutura e na função cardíacas, processo conhecido como remodelação cardíaca (RC). O estresse oxidativo e a inflamação podem modular esse processo. Nossa hipótese foi a de que o consumo de SL atenua a RC após o IM. Objetivos Avaliar a influência do SL sobre a RC após IM pela análise de variáveis funcionais, morfológicas, de estresse oxidativo, de inflação, e de metabolismo energético. Métodos Um total de 242 ratos machos pesando entre 200 e 250g foram submetidos a um procedimento cirúrgico (ligação da artéria coronária ou cirurgia simulada). Sete dia após a cirurgia, os animais sobreviventes foram divididos para um dos quatro grupos: 1) SM, animais sham que receberam água e maltodextrina (n= 20); 2) SSL, animais sham que receberam SL (n= 20); 3) IM, animais infartados que receberam água e maltodextrina (n= 40); e 4) ISL, animais infartados que receberam SL (n = 40). A análise estatística foi realizada pelo teste de ANOVA com dois fatores com o teste de Holm-Sidak. Os resultados foram apresentados em média ± desvio padrão, e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Resultados Três meses depois, o IM levou à hipertrofia do ventrículo esquerdo (VE), com disfunção sistólica e diastólica, e aumento nos mediadores inflamatórios e de estresse oxidativo. Os animais que consumiram SL apresentaram menor atividade da glutationa peroxidase e maior expressão da heme-oxigenase-1 (HO-1). Conclusão O SL atenuou a RC, e a HO-1 pode exercer um importante papel nesse processo.

Abstract Background Orange juice (OJ) is rich in polyphenols with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. After myocardial infarction (MI), complex changes occur in cardiac structure and function, which is known as cardiac remodeling (CR). Oxidative stress and inflammation can modulate this process. We hypothesized that the consumption of OJ attenuates the CR after MI. Objectives To evaluate the influence of OJ on CR after MI by analysis of functional, morphological, oxidative stress, inflammation, and energy metabolism variables. Methods A total of 242 male rats weighing 200-250 g were submitted to a surgical procedure (coronary artery ligation or simulated surgery). Seven days after surgery, survivors were assigned to one of the four groups 1) SM, sham animals with water and maltodextrin (n= 20); 2) SOJ, sham animals with OJ (n= 20); 3) IM, infarcted animals with water and maltodextrin (n= 40); and 4) IOJ, infarcted animals with OJ (n = 40). Statistical analysis was performed by the two-way ANOVA supplemented by Holm-Sidak. Results are presented as mean ± standard deviation, the level of significance adopted was 5%. Results After 3 months, MI led to left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy, with systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and increased oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators. OJ intake reduced LV cavity and improved systolic and diastolic function. The OJ animals presented lower activity of glutathione peroxidase and higher expression of heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Conclusion OJ attenuated CR in infarcted rats and HO-1 may be play an important role in this process.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190397 272 downloads

13.

Efeitos do Exercício Aeróbico Tardio na Remodelação Cardíaca de Ratos com Infarto do Miocárdio Pequeno
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Souza, Lidiane M.

; Okoshi, Marina P.

; Gomes, Mariana J.

; Gatto, Mariana

; Rodrigues, Eder A.

; Pontes, Thierres H. D.

; Damatto, Felipe C.

; Oliveira, Leiliane R. S.

; Borim, Patrícia Aparecida

; Lima, Aline R. R.

; Zornoff, Leonardo A. M.

; Okoshi, Katashi

; Pagan, Luana U.

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Abr 2021, Volume 116 Nº 4 Páginas 784 - 792

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Fundamento: O exercício físico tem sido considerado uma importante terapia não farmacológica para a prevenção e tratamento das doenças cardiovasculares. No entanto, seus efeitos na remodelação cardíaca leve não são claros. Objetivo: Avaliar a influência do exercício aeróbico sobre a capacidade funcional, estrutura cardíaca, função ventricular esquerda (VE) e expressão gênica das subunidades da NADPH oxidase em ratos com infarto do miocárdio pequeno (IM). Métodos: Três meses após a indução do IM, ratos Wistar foram divididos em três grupos: Sham; IM sedentário (IM-SED); e IM exercício aeróbico (IM-EA). Os ratos se exercitaram em uma esteira três vezes por semana durante 12 semanas. Um ecocardiograma foi realizado antes e após o treinamento. O tamanho do infarto foi avaliado por histologia e a expressão gênica por RT-PCR. O nível de significância para análise estatística foi estabelecido em 5%. Resultados: Ratos com IM menor que 30% da área total do VE foram incluídos no estudo. A capacidade funcional foi maior no IM-EA do que nos ratos Sham e IM-SED. O tamanho do infarto não diferiu entre os grupos. Ratos infartados apresentaram aumento do diâmetro diastólico e sistólico do VE, diâmetro do átrio esquerdo e massa do VE, com disfunção sistólica. A espessura relativa da parede foi menor no grupo IM-SED do que nos grupos IM-EA e Sham. A expressão gênica das subunidades NADPH oxidase NOX2, NOX4, p22phox e p47phox não diferiu entre os grupos. Conclusão: Infarto do miocárdio pequeno altera a estrutura cardíaca e a função sistólica do VE. O exercício aeróbico tardio pode melhorar a capacidade funcional e a remodelação cardíaca por meio da preservação da geometria ventricular esquerda. A expressão gênica das subunidades da NADPH oxidase não está envolvida na remodelação cardíaca, nem é modulada pelo exercício aeróbico em ratos com infarto do miocárdio pequeno.

Abstract Background: Physical exercise has been considered an important non-pharmacological therapy for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. However, its effects on minor cardiac remodeling are not clear. Objective: To evaluate the influence of aerobic exercise on the functional capacity, cardiac structure, left ventricular (LV) function, and gene expression of NADPH oxidase subunits in rats with small-sized myocardial infarction (MI). Methods: Three months after MI induction, Wistar rats were divided into three groups: Sham; sedentary MI (MI-SED); and aerobic exercised MI (MI-AE). The rats exercised on a treadmill three times a week for 12 weeks. An echocardiogram was performed before and after training. The infarction size was evaluated by histology, and gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR. The significance level for statistical analysis was set at 5%. Results: Rats with MI lower than 30% of the LV total area were included in the study. Functional capacity was higher in MI-AE than in Sham and MI-SED rats. The infarction size did not differ between groups. Infarcted rats had increased LV diastolic and systolic diameter, left atrial diameter, and LV mass, with systolic dysfunction. Relative wall thickness was lower in MI-SED than in the MI-AE and Sham groups. Gene expression of the NADPH oxidase subunits NOX2, NOX4, p22phox, and p47phox did not differ between groups. Conclusion: Small-sized MI changes cardiac structure and LV systolic function. Late aerobic exercise is able to improve functional capacity and cardiac remodeling by preserving the left ventricular geometry. NADPH oxidase subunits gene expression is not involved in cardiac remodeling or modulated by aerobic exercise in rats with small-sized MI.

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20190813 362 downloads

14.

Theoretical Study of the Reactivity of Phenyl Radicals Toward Enol Acetates
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Carneiro, Leonardo S. A.

; Real, Leticia H. S. P. C.

; Buarque, Camilla D.

; Esteves, Pierre M.

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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Fev 2021, Volume 32 Nº 2 Páginas 395 - 404

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Arylation reactions are an important class of reactions and allow the synthesis of natural and synthetic products. Despite the efficient, but high cost and toxic methodologies involving transition metals, radical arylations have gained importance after the advent of photoredox catalysis. Arylation of enol acetates is an important tool for obtaining aryl ketones but the scope of the reaction is limited to the pattern of substitution at phenyl radical and α-carbon of the enol. Theoretical calculations ((U)BHandHLYP/6-311G**) show that the polar effect is the key factor in this reaction. A good correlation of calculated rate constants with field effect explained why phenyl radicals with electron-withdrawing groups react faster toward enol acetate. The presence of alkyl groups at α carbon at the enol showed some influence of enthalpic effect but strong influence of steric effect, evidenced by great correlations with Taft and Charton parameters. Finally, substitution at β carbon showed no significant effect at reaction rates.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0103-5053.20200192 290 downloads

15.

Activated charcoal production from tree pruning in the Amazon region of Brazil for the treatment of gray water
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Pedroza, Marcelo M.

; Neves, Leonardo H. D.

; Paz, Elaine C. S.

; Silva, Fabrício M.

; Rezende, Claudia S. A.

; Colen, Aymara G. N.

; Arruda, Matheus G.

Journal of applied research and technology

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2021, Volume 19 Nº 1 Páginas 49 - 65

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: The objective of this work was to obtain, through the tree pruning pyrolysis, coal to be used in the removal of pollutants present in gray waters. The coal obtained during the process was used in a gray water filtration column and dye adsorption test. In this investigation it was proposed the treatment of gray water by the following series steps: (a) coagulation/ flocculation, (b) decantation, (c) sand filtration and (d) coal filtration column. The maximum coal yield was 60.10% obtained at 360 ºC and heating rate of 30 ºC/min. The gray water polishing using the coal obtained from the tree pruning pyrolysis process was efficient in the removal of the studied analytical parameters. For turbidity, COD, total solids and residual chlorine parameters, the removal values were 99, 98, 71 and 100 %, respectively. The charcoal from the filtration column was responsible for removing organ matter of gray water.

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