Abstract This article discusses militarized racial control, focusing on the subcultural dynamics of meaning that facilitate police action prone to human rights violations. The text uses bibliographical research and employs the triadic methodology of Cultural Criminology and the critical literature of contemporary black intelligentsia to face racist military police action at three levels of analysis: micro, meso, and macro, contemplating the existential and phenomenological foreground of crime, the subcultural dynamics of status negotiation and structures of greater scope, such as the permanence of colonial power aimed at racial domination and control, ontological insecurity in late modernity and the Brazilian racist reality. At the end of the analysis, it was possible to conclude that, through performances staged for themselves and for third parties, military police officers engaged in racist practices of violation of human rights rebuild their image in terms of self-esteem and belonging to the group, so that a process of formation and identification, which in itself violates human rights, contributes decisively to members of the militarized police subculture becoming prone to staging racist practices that violate human rights, through which they acquire a series of subjective rewards that give purpose and meaning to their lives. control violations analysis micro meso macro crime scope reality parties selfesteem self esteem group identification lives

Resumo O presente artigo discute o controle racial militarizado, com foco direcionado para as dinâmicas subculturais de significado que facilitam a atuação policial propensa à violação de direitos humanos. O texto utiliza uma pesquisa bibliográfica e emprega a metodologia triádica da Criminologia Cultural e a literatura crítica da intelectualidade negra contemporânea para enfrentar a atuação policial militar racista em três níveis de análise: micro, meso e macro, contemplando o primeiro plano existencial e fenomenológico do crime, as dinâmicas subculturais de negociação de status e a sua inserção em estruturas de maior escopo, como a permanência do poder colonial que visa o domínio e o controle racial, a insegurança ontológica na modernidade tardia e a realidade racista brasileira. Ao final da análise, foi possível concluir que, mediante performances encenadas para si próprios e para terceiros, os policiais militares engajados em práticas racistas de violação de direitos humanos reconstroem a própria imagem em termos de autoestima e pertencimento ao grupo, de forma que um processo de formação e identificação que em si mesmo é violador de direitos humanos contribui decisivamente para que os integrantes da subcultura policial militar(izada) naturalizem e se tornem propensos a encenar práticas racistas de violação de direitos humanos, por meio das quais eles adquirem uma série de recompensas subjetivas que conferem propósito e significado às suas vidas. militarizado análise micro macro crime escopo brasileira terceiros grupo militarizada izada militar(izada vidas

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic and the measures established by governments to protect populations have caused significant harm to humanity, not only regarding public health but also in terms of economic and social welfare. This study aims to assess the health status and behavior of pets during the total lockdown period in Algeria from March to June 2020. An online questionnaire consisting of 20 questions was published. A total of 200 pet owners across various departments participated. The lockdown had a negative impact on the physical health of 19.5% of individuals, with weight gain, allergies, and diabetes being predominant (51.8%, 27.7%, and 20.5%, respectively). 38.5% of cases report behavioral disorders, with hyper attachment, aggressiveness, and disobedience being predominant (47.3%, 27.6%, and 18.4%, respectively). The study helped estimate the negative impact of the lockdown on the physical and psychological health of animals. This information will aid in preventing similar damage in case of future pandemics or epidemics. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 humanity welfare 2020 2 published participated 195 5 19.5 individuals gain allergies 51.8%, 518 51 8 (51.8% 277 27 7 27.7% 205 20.5% respectively. respectively . respectively) 385 38 38.5 disorders attachment aggressiveness 47.3%, 473 47 3 (47.3% 276 6 27.6% 184 18 4 18.4% animals epidemics COVID1 1 COVID- 202 19. 51.8% (51.8 27.7 20.5 38. 47.3% (47.3 27.6 18.4 51.8 (51. 27. 20. 47.3 (47. 18. 51. (51 47. (47 (5 (4 (

RESUMO A pandemia de COVID-19 e as medidas estabelecidas pelos governos para proteger as populações causaram danos significativos à humanidade, não apenas em relação à saúde pública, mas também em termos de bem-estar econômico e social. Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar o estado de saúde e o comportamento dos animais de estimação durante o período de lockdown total na Argélia, de março a junho de 2020. Foi publicado um questionário on-line composto por 20 perguntas. Um total de 200 proprietários de animais de estimação de vários departamentos participaram. O confinamento teve um impacto negativo na saúde física de 19,5% dos indivíduos, com predominância de ganho de peso, alergias e diabetes (51,8%, 27,7% e 20,5%, respectivamente). 38,5% dos casos relatam distúrbios comportamentais, com predominância de hiperapego, agressividade e desobediência (47,3%, 27,6% e 18,4%, respectivamente). O estudo ajudou a estimar o impacto negativo do lockdown na saúde física e psicológica dos animais. Essas informações ajudarão a evitar danos semelhantes em caso de futuras pandemias ou epidemias. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 humanidade pública bemestar bem estar social Argélia 2020 online on line 2 perguntas participaram 195 5 19,5 indivíduos peso 51,8%, 518 51 8 (51,8% 277 27 7 27,7 205 20,5% respectivamente. respectivamente . respectivamente) 385 38 38,5 comportamentais hiperapego 47,3%, 473 47 3 (47,3% 276 6 27,6 184 18 4 18,4% epidemias COVID1 1 COVID- 202 19, 51,8% (51,8 27, 20,5 38, 47,3% (47,3 18,4 51,8 (51, 20, 47,3 (47, 18, 51, (51 47, (47 (5 (4 (

Abstract This work investigated the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of lemongrass extract and its effects on rat hepatotoxicity. The lemongrass extract (LGE) contains bioactive components such as phenolic acids, flavonoid components, vitamin C, fibers, and tannins. The LGE had high phenolic content (397 mg/100g) and flavonoids (164 mg/100g), influencing its antioxidant activity of 91.25%. Additionally, it inhibited 81% of breast cancer, also, inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria and Candida at a concentration of 20-40 µg/mL. Additionally, it inhibited SARS-Cov-2 by 75%; however, increasing the activity of Cas-3. Quercetin-3-rhamnoside was the main phenolic compound in the HPLC profile; the phenolic compounds may be attributable to the beneficial effects of LGE. In this study, the CCl4-challenged rats delivered two levels of LGE (100 and 300 mg/kg BW). LGE reduced ALT, AST, creatinine and urea by 50 and 37%, respectively. Generally, LGE mitigated the oxidative stress induced by CCl4, which is evident in the histology of liver and kidney tissues, where significant improvement, with no cytoplasmic degradation in undamaged liver hepatocytes, improved kidney performance and shape. It can be concluded that polyphenolic-rich LGE can mitigate the oxidative stress induced by CCl4 and other parameters while enhancing kidney and liver performance. hepatotoxicity (LGE acids C fibers tannins 397 (39 mg/100g mg100g mgg mg 100g g 164 (16 mg/100g, , 9125 91 25 91.25% Additionally 81 cancer also 2040 20 40 20-4 µgmL µg mL µg/mL SARSCov2 SARSCov SARS Cov 2 SARS-Cov- 75% 75 however Cas3. Cas3 Cas 3. 3 Cas-3 Quercetin3rhamnoside Quercetinrhamnoside Quercetin rhamnoside profile study CCl4challenged CClchallenged challenged CCl 100 (10 30 mgkg kg BW. BW . BW) ALT AST 5 37 37% respectively Generally tissues improvement hepatocytes shape polyphenolicrich polyphenolic rich 39 (3 16 (1 912 9 91.25 8 204 4 20- SARS-Cov 7 Cas- 10 ( 1 91.2 91.

RESUMEN El estudio estadístico y sinóptico de las tormentas de polvo de primavera sobre la Península Arábiga (PA) se estudió utilizando observaciones de 27 estaciones de superficie y datos meteorológicos del reanálisis de NCEP/NCAR para el periodo 1978-2008. El estudio muestra que espacialmente las regiones norte y este de la PA son las más afectadas por las tormentas de polvo y que, temporalmente, el periodo de estudio se puede dividir en dos subperíodos: antes y después de 1995, con un aumento pronunciado antes de 1995 y un aumento (disminución) suave después de 1995 con relación a los tipos de polvo (tormentas de polvo). El análisis sinóptico revela tres sistemas atmosféricos principales: sistemas frontales sobre la región norte, sistemas relacionados con la vaguada del Mar Rojo sobre la región occidental y sistemas térmicos bajos sobre la región oriental., Además, el estudio sinóptico muestra que todos los sistemas atmosféricos están asociados con un área de gradiente de presión (geopotencial) favorable, y que la forma y fuerza de los regímenes atmosféricos de viento máximo y capa superior son adecuados para integrar completamente las capas atmosféricas. Además, la baja térmica del sur es un componente sinóptico común de los sistemas atmosféricos relacionados con el polvo, pero su efecto es particularmente pronunciado en el sistema atmosférico de la región oriental.

ABSTRACT Statistical and synoptic studies of spring dust storms over the Arabian Peninsula (AP) were performed using surface observations from 27 surface stations and meteorological data from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data set for the period 1978-2008. The study showed that, spatially, the northern and eastern AP are the regions most affected by dust storms and that, temporally, the study period can be divided into two subperiods: before and after 1995, with a pronounced increase before 1995 and a smooth increase (decrease) after 1995 with respect to dust (dust storms) types. The synoptic study reveals three main atmospheric systems: frontal systems over the northern region, Red Sea Trough ()-related systems over the western region, and thermal low systems over the eastern region. Additionally, the synoptic study shows that all the atmospheric systems are associated with a favorable pressure (geopotential) gradient area and that the shape and strength of the maximum wind and upper-layer atmospheric regimes are suitable for completely integrating the atmospheric layers. Moreover, the southern thermal low is a common synoptic component of dust-related atmospheric systems, but its effect is particularly pronounced in the atmospheric system of the eastern region.

Abstract Statins have been used as adjuvants to standard treatment in order to increase the eradication ratesof Helicobacter pylori infection. This study aimed to summarize the results of the efficacy of adding statins to standard treatments used for the eradicationof H. pylori infection. We conducted a systematic search using a comprehensive combination of keywords in PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Scopus to retrieve relevant studies from 1990 to 2020. The estimate of pooled relative risk (RR), as the effect measure, was calculated using random effects meta-analyses in Stata 14. We finally included 5 studies (all of them were randomized controlled trials). The meta-analysis of all studies showed that the pooled RR (95% confidence interval) was 1.03 (0.64-1.68) in the random effects model, which was not statistically significant. In other words, based on our meta-analysis, the addition of statins as an adjuvant therapy to the standard treatment regimens does not increase the rate of H. pylori eradication. However, further evidence is needed to confirm this result as the number of available studies was small.

Resumo As estatinas têm vindo a ser usadas como adjuvantes à terapêutica convencional para aumentar a taxa de erradicação da infeção por Helicobacter pylori. Este estudo sumariza os resultados da eficácia de adicionar estatinas à terapêutica convencional na erradicação da infeção por Helicobacter pylori. Usando uma combinação compreensiva de palavras-chave, efetuamos uma revisão sistemática da PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science e Scopus de forma a encontrar estudos relevantes na área de 1990 a 2020. A estimativa do risco relativo (RR) global, como medida de eficácia, foi calculada usando o random effects meta-analyses no Stata 14. No final incluímos 5 estudos (todos ensaios randomizados e controlados). A meta-análise de todos os estudos mostrou um RR global (Intervalo confiança (IC) 95%) de 1.03 (0.64-1.68) no random effects model, que não foi estatisticamente significativo. Portanto, baseado nesta meta-análise, a adição de estatinas às duas terapêuticas convencionais mais utilizadas não aumenta a taxa de erradicação de Helicobacter pylori. Contudo, mais evidência é necessária para confirmar estes resultados já que o número de estudos disponíveis é pequeno.

Abstract Introduction: There are scarce data comparing different mechanical valves in the aortic position. The objective of this study was to compare the early hemodynamic changes after aortic valve replacement between ATS, Bicarbon, and On-X mechanical valves. Methods: We included 99 patients who underwent aortic valve replacement with mechanical valves between 2017 and 2019. Three types of mechanical valves were used, On-X valve (n=45), ATS AP360 (n=32), and Bicarbon (n=22). The mean prosthetic valve gradient was measured postoperatively and after six months. Results: Preoperative data were comparable between groups, and there were no differences in preoperative echocardiographic data. Pre-discharge echocardiography showed no difference between groups in the ejection fraction (P=0.748), end-systolic (P=0.764) and end-diastolic (P=0.723) diameters, left ventricular mass index (P=0.348), aortic prosthetic mean pressure gradient (P=0.454), and indexed aortic prosthetic orifice area (P=0.576). There was no difference in the postoperative aortic prosthetic mean pressure gradient between groups when stratified by valve size. The changes in the aortic prosthetic mean pressure gradient of the intraoperative period, at pre-discharge, and at six months were comparable between the three prostheses (P=0.08). Multivariable regression analysis revealed that female gender (beta coefficient -0.242, P=0.027), body surface area (beta coefficient 0.334, P<0.001), and aortic prosthetic size (beta coefficient -0.547, P<0.001), but not the prosthesis type, were independent predictors of postoperative aortic prosthetic mean pressure gradient. Conclusion: The three bileaflet mechanical aortic prostheses (On-X, Bicarbon, and ATS) provide satisfactory early hemodynamics, which are comparable between the three valve types and among different valve sizes. Introduction position OnX On X Methods 9 201 2019 used n=45, n45 n n=45 , 45 (n=45) AP AP36 n=32, n32 n=32 32 (n=32) n=22. n22 n=22 . 22 (n=22) Results Predischarge Pre discharge P=0.748, P0748 P P=0.748 0 748 (P=0.748) endsystolic end systolic P=0.764 P0764 764 (P=0.764 enddiastolic diastolic P=0.723 P0723 723 (P=0.723 diameters P=0.348, P0348 P=0.348 348 (P=0.348) P=0.454, P0454 P=0.454 454 (P=0.454) P=0.576. P0576 P=0.576 576 (P=0.576) period predischarge, predischarge pre discharge, pre-discharge P=0.08. P008 P=0.08 08 (P=0.08) beta 0.242, 0242 242 -0.242 P=0.027, P0027 P=0.027 027 P=0.027) 0334 334 0.334 P<0.001, P0001 P<0.001 001 P<0.001) 0.547, 0547 547 -0.547 type Conclusion OnX, X, (On-X hemodynamics sizes 20 n4 n=4 4 (n=45 AP3 n3 n=3 3 (n=32 n2 n=2 2 (n=22 P074 P=0.74 74 (P=0.748 P=0.76 P076 76 (P=0.76 P=0.72 P072 72 (P=0.72 P034 P=0.34 34 (P=0.348 P045 P=0.45 (P=0.454 P057 P=0.57 57 (P=0.576 P00 P=0.0 (P=0.08 0.242 024 24 -0.24 P002 P=0.02 02 033 33 0.33 P000 P<0.00 00 0.547 054 54 -0.54 n= (n=4 (n=3 (n=2 P07 P=0.7 7 (P=0.74 (P=0.7 P03 P=0.3 (P=0.34 P04 P=0.4 (P=0.45 P05 P=0.5 5 (P=0.57 P0 P=0. (P=0.0 0.24 -0.2 03 0.3 P<0.0 0.54 05 -0.5 (n= (P=0. (P=0.3 (P=0.4 (P=0.5 P=0 0.2 -0. 0. P<0. 0.5 (n (P=0 P= -0 P<0 (P= - P< (P

RESUMO Introdução: Os aparelhos funcionais fixos são uma solução para o tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II em pacientes não colaboradores. Porém, o ortodontista deve estar ciente das complicações inesperadas decorrentes do seu uso. Métodos: Cinquenta e oito pacientes adolescentes do sexo feminino com má oclusão de Classe II por deficiência mandibular foram tratadas com o aparelho Forsus FRD até se alcançar uma sobrecorreção, com relação de topo a topo dos incisivos. Resultados: A relação entre os incisivos e a sobressaliência foram corrigidas com sucesso em todas as pacientes. Vinte e duas pacientes não apresentaram complicações durante o tratamento, enquanto as demais trinta e seis pacientes apresentaram diferentes complicações. As complicações mais comuns foram a rotação do canino inferior e o desenvolvimento de mordida cruzada posterior, com prevalência de 51,7% e 25,9%, respectivamente. As demais complicações incluíram quebra e cisalhamento dos tubos extrabucais das bandas dos primeiros molares, e intrusão excessiva dos primeiros molares superiores. Conclusões: O FRD é um aparelho eficiente para o tratamento da má oclusão de Classe II. No entanto, diferentes complicações foram encontradas durante o uso desse aparelho. O foco na tomada de precauções e em medidas preventivas pode ajudar a evitar tais complicações, reduzindo o número de consultas de emergência e melhorando a experiência do paciente no tratamento com esse aparelho.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Fixed functional appliances are non-compliant solutions to Class II malocclusion treatment. The clinician, however, should be careful of unexpected complications during the therapy. Methods: 58 female adolescents who presented with Class II malocclusion due to deficient mandible were treated with Forsus Fatigue Resistant Device (FFRD) therapy until an overcorrection to an edge to edge incisor relationship was achieved. Results: Incisor relationship and overjet were corrected successfully in all the subjects. Twenty-two patients had a complications-free treatment, while several complications were encountered with the remaining 36 subjects. In particular, mandibular canine rotation and development of posterior crossbites were the most common complications, with percentages of 51.7% and 25.9% respectively. Other complications included the breakage and shearing of the extraoral tubes of the first molar bands, and excessive intrusion of the upper first molars. Conclusions: FFRD is an efficient appliance for treatment of Class II malocclusion; however, different complications were encountered during the appliance therapy. A focus on taking precautions and applying preventive measures can help to avoid such problems, reducing the number of emergency appointments and enhancing the treatment experience with the appliance.

1-(2-Dodecylsulfanyl-ethyl)-1H-imidazole (DSEIm) and 2-Imidazol-1-yl-ethylsulfanyl)- acetic acid (ImESAA) were synthesized via radical catalysis method and characterized using 1H NMR and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The corrosion performances of mild steel specimens were studied by three imidazole derivatives include: 1vinylvinylimidazole (VyIm), DSEIm and ImESAA, which were investigated in 1.0 M HCl using weight loss measurements, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic (EIS) method. The results obtained show that DSEIm is the best corrosion inhibitor; its inhibition efficiency (E %) increases with increasing the inhibitor concentration, but decreases with the raise of temperature. Potentiodynamic polarization studies clearly revealed that the inhibitors changed the mechanism of hydrogen evolution, and that they acted as mixed inhibitors, but most effectively in the cathodic range. The higher values of activation energy (Ea) in the inhibited solution can be correlated with the increased thickness of the double layer; this is interpreted with physical adsorption of the inhibitor onto the metal surface resulting in the formation of a surface film. Adsorption of imidazole derivatives have been studied with Monte Carlo simulations.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori infection with anti-parietal cell antibodies (APCA) and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies (AIFA) and their impact on vitamin B12 serum level. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred patients (M/F: 43/57; age 46.5 ± 17.5 years) who underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy at King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan were enrolled in the study. The patients were grouped as H. pylori-infected (n = 81) or H. pylori negative (n = 19) by histopathological examination. Fasting serum vitamin B12 levels, antiparietal cell antibodies and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies for patients and controls were determined. RESULTS: Anti-parietal cell antibodies and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies were positive in 9.9% and 18.5% of H. pylori-positive patients respectively. None of the H. pylori negative subjects had anti-parietal cell antibodies or anti-intrinsic factor antibodies. Serum vitamin B12 level was lower in the H. pylori-infected patients (275 ± 70.4 pg/mL) than in controls (322.9 ± 60.7 pg/mL; p 0.05). H. pylori was positive in 94% of the low-vitamin B12 group compared with 64.6% of the normal-vitamin B12 group (p 0.5). CONCLUSION: Patients with H. pylori infection are more likely to have anti-parietal cell antibodies and anti-intrinsic factor antibodies. There was an association between H. pylori infection and lower vitamin B12 levels. H. pylori infection might be a significant factor in the pathogenesis of autoimmune gastritis.