ABSTRACT Purpose: The number of medical schools in Brazil has increased in recent years; however, vacancies for specialization in ophthalmology probably have not kept up with the growing demand. This study wants to estimate the increase in medical schools, the demand for ophthalmology specialization, and evaluate learning opportunities in ophthalmology. Methods: This was a retrospective study with research from the Ministry of Education and Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology database from 2002 to 2021. These data were checked through 120 notices published by the institutions in 2021. Results: The number of medical school vacancies increased by 370%, whereas the number of certified ophthalmology vacancies increased by 64%. There was an 11.4% misalignment between the Brazilian Council of Ophthalmology data in the Ministry of Education. Conclusion: The proportion of medical graduates has increased much more than opportunities for ophthalmology specialization. The effect on the search for unaccredited specialization positions is unknown, and policies for monitoring the specialization of ophthalmology vacancies should be established. Purpose years however Methods 200 2021 12 Results 370 370% 64 64% 114 11 4 11.4 Conclusion unknown established 20 202 1 37 6 11. 2 3

RESUMO Objetivo: Nos últimos 20 anos, o número de escolas médicas no Brasil aumentou, mas as vagas para especialização em Oftalmologia não acompanharam a demanda crescente. Este estudo quer estimar a demanda por especialização e avaliar a oferta de oportunidades de aprendizado em Oftalmologia. Métodos: Estudo epidemiológico com pesquisa em banco de dados provenientes do Ministério da Educação e Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia. Estes dados foram checados através de 120 editais publicados pelos serviços de Residência em 2021. Resultados: De 2002 a 2021, o número de vagas em faculdades de Medicina aumentou 370%, enquanto o número de vagas certificadas de especialização em Oftalmologia aumentou 64%. Houve um desalinhamento de 11.4% entre os dados do Conselho Brasileiro de Oftalmologia e do Ministério da Educação. Conclusão: A proporção de graduados em Medicina aumentou muito mais do que a oferta de oportunidades de especialização em Oftalmologia, o impacto disto na busca por vagas de especialização não acreditadas é desconhecido, políticas de monitoramento das vagas de especialização em Oftalmologia devem ser estabelecidas. Objetivo 2 anos crescente Métodos 12 2021 Resultados 200 370 370% 64 64% 114 11 4 11.4 Conclusão desconhecido estabelecidas 1 202 37 6 11. 3

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze teleconsultation at a public ophthalmic teaching hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Methods: Medical records of patients who requested ophthalmological teleconsultation between June 2020 and March 2021 were reviewed. The main outcomes included demographic data, eye disease symptoms, hypothesized diagnosis, and management. Moreover, the results of a satisfaction survey administered after the consultation were analyzed. Results: Medical records of a total of 161 patients were reviewed. The mean age was 45.98 ± 17.57 (8-90) years, and most were women (113, 70.20%). Only 57 (35.60%) of the patients had made previous follow-up visits to the hospital. The most frequent reason for consultation was the need for a new eyeglass prescription (73, 45.34%), followed by dry eye symptoms (16, 9.93%) and pterygium (13, 8.07%). Other reasons were the monitoring of previously diagnosed eye diseases, such as glaucoma, retinopathies, strabismus, and keratoconus. Regarding the satisfaction survey, 151 (93.78%) patients answered the online questionnaire. Most reported that they were satisfied with the teleconsultation (94.03%) and would participate in a future teleconsultation (90.06%). Conclusion: Teleconsultation could be widely used to assist patients in public ophthalmology healthcare and teaching hospitals. Even though new eyeglass prescriptions are a frequent reason for ophthalmological appointments, patients tend to be satisfied with teleconsultation, as it also provides guidance. Purpose COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Brazil Methods 202 reviewed data diagnosis management Moreover analyzed Results 16 4598 45 98 45.9 1757 17 17.5 890 8 90 (8-90 years 113, 113 (113 70.20%. 7020 70.20% . 70 20 70.20%) 5 35.60% 3560 35 60 (35.60% followup follow up 73, 73 (73 45.34%, 4534 45.34% , 34 45.34%) 16, (16 9.93% 993 9 93 13, 13 (13 8.07%. 807 8.07% 07 8.07%) diseases glaucoma retinopathies strabismus keratoconus 15 93.78% 9378 78 (93.78% questionnaire 94.03% 9403 94 03 (94.03% 90.06%. 9006 90.06% 06 (90.06%) Conclusion hospitals appointments guidance COVID1 1 COVID- 459 4 45. 175 17. 89 (8-9 11 (11 702 70.20 7 2 35.60 356 3 6 (35.60 (7 453 45.34 (1 9.93 99 80 8.07 0 93.78 937 (93.78 94.03 940 (94.03 900 90.06 (90.06% (8- 70.2 35.6 (35.6 ( 45.3 9.9 8.0 93.7 (93.7 94.0 (94.0 90.0 (90.06 (8 70. 35. (35. 9. 8. 93. (93. 94. (94. 90. (90.0 (35 (93 (94 (90. (3 (9 (90

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a teleconsulta em um hospital público de ensino oftalmológico, durante o período da pandemia do COVID-19. Métodos: Foram revisados os registros médicos dos pacientes que solicitaram teleconsulta oftalmológica, no período de Junho de 2020 a Março de 2021. Os resultados incluem dados demográficos, sintomas de queixas oculares e hipóteses diagnósticas. Além disso, foram analisados dados da pesquisa de satisfação aplicada após cada teleconsulta. Resultados: Um total de 161 prontuários foram revisados. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 45.98 ± 17.57 (8 a 90) anos, a maioria mulheres, 113 (70,20%). Apenas 57 (35,60%) eram pacientes acompanhados no hospital previamente. A principal razão pela busca pela teleconsulta foi o erro refracional, 73 (45.43%), seguido de olho seco, 16 (9.93%), pterígio, 13 (8.07%). Outros motivos foram o acompanhamento de doenças prévias como glaucoma, retinopatias, miopia, estrabismo e ceratocone. Quanto a pesquisa de satisfação, 151(93,87%) pacientes responderam a pesquisa on-line. A maioria deles mostrou-se satisfeito com a teleconsulta (94.03%) e fariam uma nova teleconsulta (90.06%). Conclusão: A teleconsulta pode auxiliar a saúde pública em oftalmologia podendo ser utilizada em hospitais universitários. Embora o erro refracional tenha sido o motivo mais frequente nas consultas, os pacientes mostraram-se satisfeitos com essa modalidade de atendimento que serve como um serviço de orientação. Objetivo oftalmológico COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 COVID-19 Métodos oftalmológica 202 2021 demográficos diagnósticas disso Resultados 4598 45 98 45.9 1757 17 17.5 8 ( 90 anos mulheres 11 70,20%. 7020 70,20% . 70 20 (70,20%) 5 35,60% 3560 35 60 (35,60% previamente 7 45.43%, 4543 45.43% , 43 (45.43%) seco 1 9.93%, 993 9.93% 9 93 (9.93%) pterígio 8.07%. 807 8.07% 07 (8.07%) glaucoma retinopatias miopia ceratocone 15193,87% 1519387 151 93,87% 87 151(93,87% online. online on line. line on-line mostrouse mostrou se 94.03% 9403 94 03 (94.03% 90.06%. 9006 90.06% 06 (90.06%) Conclusão universitários consultas mostraramse mostraram orientação COVID1 COVID-1 459 4 45. 175 17. 702 70,20 2 (70,20% 35,60 356 3 6 (35,60 454 45.43 (45.43% 99 9.93 (9.93% 80 8.07 0 (8.07% 15193 15193,87 151938 15 9387 93,87 151(93,87 94.03 940 (94.03 900 90.06 (90.06% COVID- 70,2 (70,20 35,6 (35,6 45.4 (45.43 9.9 (9.93 8.0 (8.07 1519 15193,8 938 93,8 151(93,8 94.0 (94.0 90.0 (90.06 70, (70,2 35, (35, (45.4 9. (9.9 8. (8.0 15193, 93, 151(93, 94. (94. 90. (90.0 (70, (35 (45. (9. (8. 151(93 (94 (90. (70 (3 (45 (9 151(9 (90 (7 (4 151(

ABSTRACT Purpose: To determine and analyze the usability metrics of a free mobile learning app for ophthalmology in Brazil. Methods: Metric data from the management dashboard of the CBOQUIZ app were used. All users registered on the platform between March 2019 and June 30, 2021 were included. The number of questions answered, number of correct answers, number of questions answered and correct answers by subject area, and user performance by geographic region were analyzed. Results: There were 458 active users during the research period and 107,245 questions answered (average, 234.16 questions per user). Of the questions answered, 81,600 (75.5%) were correct and 2,645 were incorrect. The states in Brazil with the best performance were Espírito Santo, Paraiba, and Paraná. The subject area with the lowest hit rate was basic sciences (69.1%), within which embryology demonstrated the lowest hit rate (58.28%). The posterior segment had the highest number of questions answered, followed by miscellaneous topics and the anterior segment. Questions on strabismus were the least answered. Conclusion: The app was used consistently throughout the period studied, and participants adhered to this teaching modality. Performance asymmetry was observed across the Brazil states. The CBOQUIZ app can be used to homogenize ophthalmology teaching in the country. Purpose Methods 201 30 202 included analyzed Results 45 107245 107 245 107,24 average, average (average 23416 234 16 234.1 user. . user) 81600 81 600 81,60 75.5% 755 75 5 (75.5% 2645 2 645 2,64 incorrect Santo Paraiba Paraná 69.1%, 691 69.1% , 69 1 (69.1%) 58.28%. 5828 58.28% 58 28 (58.28%) Conclusion studied modality country 20 3 4 10724 10 24 107,2 2341 23 234. 8160 8 60 81,6 75.5 7 (75.5 264 64 2,6 69.1 6 (69.1% 582 58.28 (58.28% 1072 107, 816 81, 75. (75. 26 2, 69. (69.1 58.2 (58.28 (75 (69. 58. (58.2 (7 (69 (58. ( (6 (58 (5

Abstract Purpose This study aimed to describe the behavioral patterns of data on cataract surgery performed in the Brazilian public health system before, during, and after the COVID-19 outbreak and estimate the setbacks generated by the pandemic to guide public policies. Materials and methods This was an observational, longitudinal, and descriptive epidemiological study based on data retrieved from the public health system's databases of cataract surgeries performed each year and in each region from 2015 to 2022. Result In Brazil, compared with the average of the 5-years preceding the pandemic, a 23 % reduction in the number of cataract surgeries was observed in 2020, followed by a 21 % increase in 2021, compensating for the majority of patients that were not operated on. However, the worsening situation of blindness caused by cataracts due to the pandemic not be avoided in the Central-West region, where unrecovered cases continue to accumulate. Conclusion The COVID-19 pandemic did not worsen the situation of cataract blindness in Brazil due to the efficacy of the measures taken by the government in resuming elective surgeries. However, the auhtors recommend that the distribution of resources for cataract surgeries should consider regional discrepancies based on epidemiological data. before during COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 policies observational longitudinal systems s 201 2022 5years years 5 2 2020 2021 However CentralWest Central West accumulate COVID1 1 COVID- 20 202

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a teleconsulta em um hospital público de ensino oftalmológico, durante o período da pandemia do COVID-19. Métodos: Foram revisados os registros médicos dos pacientes que solicitaram teleconsulta oftalmológica, no período de Junho de 2020 a Março de 2021. Os resultados incluem dados demográficos, sintomas de queixas oculares e hipóteses diagnósticas. Além disso, foram analisados dados da pesquisa de satisfação aplicada após cada teleconsulta. Resultados: Um total de 161 prontuários foram revisados. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 45.98 ± 17.57 (8 a 90) anos, a maioria mulheres, 113 (70,20%). Apenas 57 (35,60%) eram pacientes acompanhados no hospital previamente. A principal razão pela busca pela teleconsulta foi o erro refracional, 73 (45.43%), seguido de olho seco, 16 (9.93%), pterígio, 13 (8.07%). Outros motivos foram o acompanhamento de doenças prévias como glaucoma, retinopatias, miopia, estrabismo e ceratocone. Quanto a pesquisa de satisfação, 151(93,87%) pacientes responderam a pesquisa on-line. A maioria deles mostrou-se satisfeito com a teleconsulta (94.03%) e fariam uma nova teleconsulta (90.06%). Conclusão: A teleconsulta pode auxiliar a saúde pública em oftalmologia podendo ser utilizada em hospitais universitários. Embora o erro refracional tenha sido o motivo mais frequente nas consultas, os pacientes mostraram-se satisfeitos com essa modalidade de atendimento que serve como um serviço de orientação.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To analyze teleconsultation at a public ophthalmic teaching hospital during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. Methods: Medical records of patients who requested ophthalmological teleconsultation between June 2020 and March 2021 were reviewed. The main outcomes included demographic data, eye disease symptoms, hypothesized diagnosis, and management. Moreover, the results of a satisfaction survey administered after the consultation were analyzed. Results: Medical records of a total of 161 patients were reviewed. The mean age was 45.98 ± 17.57 (8-90) years, and most were women (113, 70.20%). Only 57 (35.60%) of the patients had made previous follow-up visits to the hospital. The most frequent reason for consultation was the need for a new eyeglass prescription (73, 45.34%), followed by dry eye symptoms (16, 9.93%) and pterygium (13, 8.07%). Other reasons were the monitoring of previously diagnosed eye diseases, such as glaucoma, retinopathies, strabismus, and keratoconus. Regarding the satisfaction survey, 151 (93.78%) patients answered the online questionnaire. Most reported that they were satisfied with the teleconsultation (94.03%) and would participate in a future teleconsultation (90.06%). Conclusion: Teleconsultation could be widely used to assist patients in public ophthalmology healthcare and teaching hospitals. Even though new eyeglass prescriptions are a frequent reason for ophthalmological appointments, patients tend to be satisfied with teleconsultation, as it also provides guidance.