Resumo A necessidade de regenerar tecidos peri-implantares e periodontais é cada vez mais evidente. As doenças periodontais podem resultar em uma perda significativa do nível de fixação clínica, e a regeneração tecidual se apresenta como o objetivo final da terapia periodontal. Com o surgimento da osseointegração, a reabilitação protética de dentes ausentes usando implantes dentários tem aumentado, levando a uma necessidade frequente de regeneração do osso alveolar ao redor dos implantes. Esta revisão busca avaliar diversas fontes de células-tronco mesenquimais e seu potencial na regeneração de tecidos ósseos periodontais e peri-implantares. Foi realizada uma busca em sete bases de dados ao longo da última década. Três autores avaliaram de forma independente todos os títulos e resumos identificados quanto à elegibilidade, gerando tabelas para resumir estudos incluídos em animais e humanos separadamente. Um total de 55 artigos foram escolhidos para avaliação final, demonstrando cinco origens de células-tronco mesenquimais usadas em humanos e animais para regenerar tecidos periodontais e osso peri-implantar, utilizando diferentes tipos de suportes. Pesquisas das últimas décadas demonstram a eficácia das células-tronco mesenquimais na promoção da regeneração periodontal e peri-implantar. No entanto, o impacto das células-tronco mesenquimais nas terapias regenerativas em humanos ainda está em seus estágios iniciais. Pesquisas futuras devem otimizar os protocolos de aplicação das células-tronco mesenquimais combinando técnicas, como o uso de nanomedicina e impressão 3D para engenharia tecidual. Estudos clínicos também devem compreender os efeitos a longo prazo e comparar as terapias com células-tronco mesenquimais com as modalidades de tratamento atuais. Ao abordar essas áreas, a comunidade científica pode garantir que as terapias com células-tronco mesenquimais sejam seguras e eficazes, aprimorando as estratégias terapêuticas em Periodontia e Implantodontia. periimplantares peri implantares evidente clínica osseointegração aumentado célulastronco células tronco periimplantares. implantares. década elegibilidade separadamente 5 periimplantar, periimplantar implantar, implantar peri-implantar suportes periimplantar. implantar. entanto iniciais técnicas D atuais áreas eficazes Implantodontia

Abstract The necessity for regenerating peri-implant and periodontal tissues is increasingly apparent. Periodontal diseases can result in a significant loss of clinical attachment level, and tissue regeneration stands as the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy. With the rise of osseointegration, the prosthetic rehabilitation of missing teeth using dental implants has surged, leading to a frequent need for alveolar bone regeneration around implants. This review assessed studies reporting various sources of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSC) and their potential in regenerating periodontal and peri-implant bone tissue. A search was conducted across seven databases spanning the past decade. Three authors independently screened all identified titles and abstracts for eligibility, generating tables to summarize included studies in animals and humans separately. A total of 55 articles were chosen for final evaluation, showcasing five origins of MSC used in humans and animals for regenerating periodontal tissues and peri-implant bone, using different types of scaffolds. Overall, research from the past decades supports the effectiveness of MSC in promoting periodontal and peri-implant regeneration. However, the impact of MSC on regenerative therapies in humans is still in its initial stages. Future research should optimize MSC application protocols by combining techniques, such as the use of nanomedicine and 3D printing for tissue engineering. Clinical studies should also understand the long-term effects and compare MSC therapies with current treatment modalities. By addressing these areas, the scientific community can ensure that MSC therapies are both safe and effective, ultimately enhancing therapeutic strategies and treatment outcomes in Periodontology and Implantology. periimplant peri implant apparent level therapy osseointegration surged stromalstem stromal stem (MSC decade eligibility separately 5 evaluation scaffolds Overall However stages techniques D engineering longterm long term modalities areas effective Implantology

Abstract: PAR1 is a G-coupled protein receptor that regulates several cellular metabolism processes, including differentiation and proliferation of osteogenic and cementogenic related cells and our group previously demonstrated the regenerative potential of PAR1 in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). In this study, we hypothesized that PAR1 regulates the cementogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. Our goal was to identify the intracellular signaling pathway underlying PAR1 activation in hPDSLC differentiation. hPDLSCs were isolated using the explant technique. Cells were cultured in an osteogenic medium (OST) (α-MEM, 15% fetal bovine serum, L-glutamine, penicillin, streptomycin, amphotericin B, dexamethasone, and beta-glycerophosphate). The hPDLSCs were treated with a specific activator of PAR1 (PAR1 agonist) and blockers of the MAPK/ERK and PI3K pathways for 2 and 7 days. The gene expression of CEMP1 was assessed by RT-qPCR. The activation of PAR1 by its agonist peptide led to an increase in CEMP1 gene expression when compared with OST control. MAPK/ERK blockage abrogated the upregulation of CEMP1 gene expression induced by PAR1 agonist (p < 0.05). PI3K blockage did not affect the gene expression of CEMP1 at any experimental time (p > 0.05). We concluded that CEMP1 gene expression increased by PAR1 activation is MAPK/ERK-dependent and PI3K independent, suggesting that PAR1 may regulate cementogenetic differentiation of hPDLSCs.