Abstract Paper aims This article investigates the worldwide trend of growth in the number of recalls, as well as in the number of products involved in each campaign. Originality To investigate these facts, a study of the automotive recall was developed, comprising Brazil, the European Union, and the United States of America. Research method Due to the different availabilities between the locations, search tools and software were developed to obtain and group hidden data from 2010 to 2019. Main findings In this work, the impacts of the recall were analyzed using three categories of algorithms: clustering, classification, and regression. Analyzes were made about the results obtained and discussions were built about the importance of applying the machine learning technique. Implications for theory and practice The use of search tools and software to obtain and group hidden data in databases and opens the opportunity for new research in various areas. recalls campaign facts Brazil Union America locations 201 2019 work algorithms clustering classification regression technique areas 20 2

Abstract Paper aims the purpose of this study is to analyze how Open Innovation (OI) activities occur in Product Development Processes (PDP) and in the design of new products. Originality the study is based on a self-developed and conducted survey, applied to engineers and managers working in departments involving product development and innovation among the Brazilian automakers. Research method the method adopted is that of a questionnaire-based survey. Results are analyzed through a principal component analysis, followed by ordinary least squares regressions, in order to test the hypotheses proposed. Main findings results suggest that inbound practices were more present than outbound practices, with a strong presence of the supplier in the design process (and not so much of a user-centered approach). Correlation between an organizational culture that favors OI and adoption to newer PDP methods and tools indicate that adopting newer product development methodologies and technologies could lead to a more “open” design process. Implications for theory and practice the research provides an overview of open innovation within the Brazilian automakers, and reports what could be opportunities for the automotive industry to head towards.

ABSTRACT: Open innovation is the systematic integration of collaborative, sourcing and revealing practices into a firm's business strategy. Its implementation does not happen at once, but through a journey. This paper investigates this subject in an emergent economy context, the Brazilian aerospace industry, presenting the critical analysis of a questionnaire-based survey performed by means of personal in-company interviews in 22 firms. It comprises a wide range of practices associated with open innovation, connected to a conceptual model. We find open innovation elements in the sample, with no open business strategy behind them, though. Deficiencies regarding funding, R&D maturity and intellectual property protection prevent the cluster from being fully open innovator. Nevertheless, the culture company in the sample is very prone towards openness. From that, we conclude that open innovation in the cluster is still "unfreezing", but with great potential to emerge, once these problems are solved.

Em áreas de vinhedos, uma significativa quantidade de nutrientes pode retornar anualmente ao solo durante a decomposição de resíduos de espécies de plantas de cobertura. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar a decomposição e liberação de nutrientes de resíduos de aveia-preta e ervilhaca depositados nas linhas de plantio de videiras sem e com cobertura plástica e nas entrelinhas. Este estudo foi conduzido em um vinhedo comercial em Bento Gonçalves, RS, no período de outubro de 2008 a fevereiro de 2009. Resíduos de aveia-preta (Avena strigosa) e ervilhaca (Vicia villosa) foram coletados, submetidos a análises químicas (C, N, P, K, Ca e Mg) e bioquímicas (cellulose - Cel, hemicellulose - Hem e lignina - Lig) e acondicionados em bolsas de decomposição, que foram depositadas em linhas de plantio sem cobertura plástica (LPSCP), linhas de plantio com cobertura plástica (LPCCP) e entrelinha (EL). Em 0, 33, 58, 76 e 110 dias depois da deposição das bolsas de decomposição, os resíduos foram coletados, preparados e submetidos à análise dos teores totais de N, P, K, Ca e Mg. As maiores quantidades e porcentagens de matéria seca e nutrientes remanescentes, com exceção do Ca, em resíduos de aveia-preta, no período de outubro até fevereiro, que coincide do florescimento até a colheita da uva, foram observadas na LPCCP, o que promoveu maior proteção da superfície do solo, evitando o escoamento superficial de solução derivada das entrelinhas; entretanto, retardou a ciclagem de nutrientes. A taxa de decomposição e liberação de nutrientes de resíduos de ervilhaca, de outubro até fevereiro, não foi influenciada pela posição de deposição dos resíduos no vinhedo, o que pode ser atribuído, especialmente, aos menores valores de relação C/N e Lig/N. Independentemente do tipo de resíduo, aveia-preta ou ervilhaca, a maior taxa de decomposição e liberação de nutrientes aconteceu, especialmente, até os 33 dias após a deposição dos resíduos na superfície do solo, o que coincidiu com o florescimento das videiras, que é um dos estágios fenológicos de maior demanda de nutrientes.

A significant quantity of nutrients in vineyards may return to the soil each year through decomposition of residues from cover plants. This study aimed to evaluate biomass decomposition and nutrient release from residues of black oats and hairy vetch deposited in the vines rows, with and without plastic shelter, and in the between-row areas throughout the vegetative and productive cycle of the plants. The study was conducted in a commercial vineyard in Bento Gonçalves, RS, Brazil, from October 2008 to February 2009. Black oat (Avena strigosa) and hairy vetch (Vicia villosa) residues were collected, subjected to chemical (C, N, P, K, Ca, and Mg) and biochemical (cellulose - Cel, hemicellulose - Hem, and lignin - Lig content) analyses, and placed in litter bags, which were deposited in vines rows without plastic shelter (VPRWS), in vines rows with plastic shelter (VPRS), and in the between-row areas (BR). We collected the residues at 0, 33, 58, 76, and 110 days after deposition of the litter bags, prepared the material, and subjected it to analysis of total N, P, K, Ca, and Mg content. The VPRS contained the largest quantities and percentages of dry matter and residual nutrients (except for Ca) in black oat residues from October to February, which coincides with the period from flowering up to grape harvest. This practice led to greater protection of the soil surface, avoiding surface runoff of the solution derived from between the rows, but it retarded nutrient cycling. The rate of biomass decomposition and nutrient release from hairy vetch residues from October to February was not affected by the position of deposition of the residues in the vineyard, which may especially be attributed to the lower values of the C/N and Lig/N ratios. Regardless of the type of residue, black oat or hairy vetch, the greatest decomposition and nutrient release mainly occurred up to 33 days after deposition of the residues on the soil surface, which coincided with the flowering of the grapevines, which is one of the phenological stages of greatest demand for nutrients.

Este artigo aborda a avaliação do processo de projeto do produto do ponto de vista do projetista de nível superior. Com base nos resultados de uma fase de pesquisa preliminar, elabora-se um questionário de pesquisa abrangente, que é submetido a um grupo de projetistas de nível superior do setor automotivo, compreendendo as operações brasileiras de duas grandes montadoras, de dois fornecedores diretos (Tier 1) das montadoras e de uma montadora de caminhões e ônibus. Os dados obtidos através das respostas ao questionário são compilados, apresentados e discutidos dentro de cada ambiente organizacional. Faz-se então uma análise conjunta, a fim de identificar aquelas ações gerenciais consideradas pelo setor automotivo como sendo mais importantes, tanto para garantir, quanto para avaliar a eficácia do processo de projeto e desenvolvimento do produto. Classifica-se essas ações em ações gerenciais de garantia e de avaliação de acordo com critérios fornecidos pelas normas ISO da qualidade. Finalmente, com base nas ações gerenciais de avaliação, define-se indicadores e se propõe um índice de eficácia único e flexível, que pode ser calculado utilizando-se, tanto dados organizacionais, quanto setoriais para fins de avaliação comparativa e benchmark.

This paper addresses the subject of product design process evaluation from the designer's point of view. Based on the results of a preliminary research phase a comprehensive questionnaire is drawn up, and applied to a selected group of designers in the automotive industry, comprising Brazilian plants of two major car manufacturers, two Tier 1 suppliers and one lorry and bus manufacturer. Data provided by the answers are compiled, presented and discussed within each organizational environment. A combined analysis is then carried out in order to identify those management actions that are considered by the automotive industry as being more important for both assuring and evaluating the effectiveness of the product design and development process. Management actions are classified according to criteria supplied by the ISO quality management standards. Finally, based on the evaluation, management action indicators are defined and a single and flexible effectiveness index is proposed, which can be calculated using both company and industry data for evaluation and benchmark purposes.

This study has a technical and applied character. A PVC structured wall pipe can be produced by spirally winding a ribbed sheet having a male-female lock, chemically welded by an adhesive. These pipes are "flexible" and are used mainly in underground installations, to convey fluids in free duct regime. Initial studies have indicated that the buckling resistance of the ribs from the sheet coiling to the tube manufacturing is the critical design parameter. This study presents the theoretical analytical development in order to obtain the critical buckling moment of these sheets. This analysis uses concepts initially developed to calculate buckling resistance in monosymmetrical profiles that are very used in the metallic structure industry. Since the material used was PVC, that has different mechanical properties than steel and aluminum, it was necessary to consider the differences in the analytical treatment. It is important to emphasize that the results obtained are product of the co-operative work of engineers from industry and university.