Abstract During the storage period of dry tobacco and its derivatives, insect pests such as species of Ephestia Guenée (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae), popularly known as moths, cause damage to the product, being controlled mainly with physical practices and synthetic chemicals, although with limitations on their use and results. Some biological control agents, such as the parasitoid Habrobracon hebetor (Say) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), have the potential to control these pests. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of H. hebetor release in tobacco farms and industrial warehouses, on the infestation of Ephestia spp. adults. Parasitoids were released in tobacco farmers and tobacco industry warehouses between 2016-2018, comprising two years/crop seasons. Each release consisted of 1,000 parasitoids (four times) in tobacco farmers warehouses (70 m2) and 30,000 (five times) in tobacco industry warehouses (8,000 m2). Pheromone-baited sticky traps were used to weekly monitor the average number of adults of Ephestia spp. in warehouses with (WP) and without parasitoid release (NP). The average number of adults of Ephestia spp. captured in the traps in WP environments at farmers and industry level was significantly lower than the average captured in NP from the third and fifth weeks. In the following weeks, the averages of Ephestia spp. were always significantly lower in the WP environments until the end of monitoring. Therefore, the use of H. hebetor for moth control should be considered as part of a biological control program in stored tobacco environments.

ABSTRACT Chest pain is a frequent, potentially life-threatening condition in the emergency department and requires immediate investigation and treatment. This case report highlights a rare differential diagnosis of pleuritic chest pain: epipericardial fat necrosis. A 29-year-old man presented with normal clinical evaluation, electrocardiography, point-of-care ultrasound, and unremarkable laboratory tests. The initial hypothesis was acute pleuritis. Chest radiography revealed peri-cardiac nonspecific findings, and computed tomography revealed epicardial fat necrosis. Despite the rarity of this condition, accurate diagnosis allows for better practices. An algorithm for a diagnostic approach is proposed.

Resumo A doença valvar cardíaca é um problema de saúde crescente no mundo. Os pacientes com valvopatia podem apresentar diversas emergências cardiovasculares. O manejo desses pacientes é um desafio no departamento de emergência, principalmente quando a condição cardíaca prévia é desconhecida. Atualmente, recomendações específicas para o manejo inicial são limitadas. A presente revisão integrativa propõe uma abordagem baseada em evidência, de três etapas, desde a suspeita de valvopatia à beira do leito até o tratamento inicial das emergências. A primeira etapa é a suspeita de uma condição valvar subjacente com base nos sinais e sintomas. A segunda etapa consiste na tentativa de confirmação diagnóstica e avaliação da gravidade da valvopatia com exames complementares. Finalmente, a terceira etapa aborda as opções diagnósticas e terapêuticas para insuficiência cardíaca, fibrilação atrial, trombose valvar, febre reumática aguda, e endocardite infecciosa. Além disso, apresentamos imagens de exames complementares e tabelas para apoio aos médicos. mundo cardiovasculares emergência desconhecida Atualmente limitadas evidência etapas sintomas Finalmente atrial aguda infecciosa disso médicos

Abstract Valvular heart disease (VHD) is an increasing health problem worldwide. Patients with VHD may experience several cardiovascular-related emergencies. The management of these patients is a challenge in the emergency department, especially when the previous heart condition is unknown. Specific recommendations for the initial management are currently poor. This integrative review proposes an evidence-based three-step approach from bedside VHD suspicion to the initial treatment of the emergencies. The first step is the suspicion of underlying valvular condition based on signs and symptoms. The second step comprises the attempt to confirm the diagnosis and assessment of VHD severity with complementary tests. Finally, the third step addresses the diagnosis and treatment options for heart failure, atrial fibrillation, valvular thrombosis, acute rheumatic fever, and infective endocarditis. In addition, several images of complementary tests and summary tables are provided for physician support. (VHD worldwide cardiovascularrelated cardiovascular related emergencies department unknown poor evidencebased evidence threestep three symptoms Finally failure fibrillation thrombosis fever endocarditis addition support

Abstract Introduction Treatment of stage III laryngeal cancer suffered a major paradigm change with surgery being substituted by radiation therapy with chemotherapy. Objective To evaluate the oncological outcome of different treatment modalities for stage III laryngeal cancer using a population database. Methods A population database representing patients treated in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, was analyzed. Demographic, clinical and treatment variables were included, and the outcomes of interest were disease-specific and overall survival. Propensity score with nearest neighbor matching was used to compensate for imbalances in treatment groups. Results We retrieved data from 1,804 patients. In multivariate analysis, age, female gender, payment source, clinical N stage (cN) stages, and treatment modality were significant for disease-specific and overall survival. Patients submitted to surgery treatment had a significantly better disease-specific (p < 0.001) and overall survival (p <0.001) compared with chemoradiation. Propensity score matching was based on cN stage, gender, age, topography, and payment modality, and allowed the pairing of 685 patients from each treatment modality. There was a significant difference in disease-specific survival favoring surgery-based treatment (p = 0.017). Conclusion The treatment choice has a significant impact on survival in patients with stage III laryngeal cancer with surgery-based treatment being superior to chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

ABSTRACT The study focuses on the analysis of a poultry production and it is developed with the aim of evaluating the application of the circular economy philosophy in this type of product during the 2021. An evaluation is carried out in order to propose the waste reuse through circular economy methodological tools within the sector. This research is characterized by applying a qualitative methodology in which a set of systematic and critical processes are used through a circular economy survey validated in previous studies. Among the results obtained, it was found that, in poultry production continues working in a linear economy. In this poultry company, the circular economy is at a low level of application despite the fact that it represents an effective alternative to achieve sustainable development and that the current legislation promotes its implementation.

RESUMEN El estudio se focaliza en el análisis de una producción avícola y tiene el objetivo de valorar la aplicación de la filosofía de economía circular en este tipo de productos durante el año 2021. Se realiza una evaluación con la finalidad de proponer la reutilización de los residuos mediante herramientas metodológicas de economía circular dentro del sector. La investigación se caracteriza por aplicar una metodología cualitativa que emplea un conjunto de procesos sistemáticos y críticos a través de una encuesta de economía circular validada en estudios anteriores. Entre los resultados obtenidos se encontró que, en la producción avícola se continúa trabajando en una economía lineal. En esta empresa avícola la economía circular está en un bajo nivel en la aplicación a pesar de que esta representa una alternativa efectiva para lograr el desarrollo sostenible y de que la actual legislación promueve su implementación.

Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a viabilidade da orientação por telemedicina de médicos in situ não treinados na avaliação ultrassonográfica de múltiplos órgãos mediante protocolo padronizado, durante uma situação de risco de vida em hospital de campanha. Materiais e Métodos: Avaliamos 11 pacientes com choque e/ou dispneia de manifestação aguda durante a internação, cujos clínicos gerais solicitaram auxílio de especialista a distância. Resultados: Todos os médicos aceitaram o protocolo e, posicionando o transdutor, obtiveram imagens-chave da veia jugular interna, pulmão e veia cava inferior, quando guiados por um médico via telemedicina, que interpretou os achados desses órgãos. No entanto, apenas quatro (36%) médicos in situ obtiveram a imagem-chave apropriada do coração na janela paraesternal do eixo longo esquerdo e três (27%) tiveram imagem remotamente interpretada imediatamente. O tempo de avaliação variou de 7-42 minutos (média de 22,7 ± 12 minutos). Conclusão: Em situação de risco de vida, os clínicos gerais não treinados podem ser corretamente orientados por especialistas em telemedicina para realizar ultrassonografia multiórgãos in situ, melhorando o diagnóstico beira do leito.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the feasibility of telemedicine using a standardized multiorgan ultrasound assessment protocol to guide untrained on-site general practitioners at a field hospital during a life-threatening crisis. Materials and Methods: We evaluated 11 inpatients with shock, with or without acute dyspnea, for whom general practitioners spontaneously requested remote evaluation by a specialist. Results: All of the general practitioners accepted the protocol and were able to position the transducer correctly, thus obtaining key images of the internal jugular vein, lungs, and inferior vena cava when guided remotely by a telemedicine physician, who interpreted all of the findings. However, only four (36%) of the on-site general practitioners obtained the appropriate key image of the heart in the left parasternal long-axis view, and only three (27%) received an immediate interpretation of an image from the remote physician. The mean evaluation time was 22.7 ± 12 min (range, 7-42 min). Conclusion: Even in life-threatening situations, untrained general practitioners may be correctly guided by telemedicine specialists to perform multiorgan point-of-care ultrasound in order to improve bedside diagnostic evaluation.

Resumo Trabalha-se com o conjunto de periódicos brasileiros de turismo, mas particularmente com os 3.887 artigos publicados em 16 revistas, no período 1990-2018. Há três objetivos principais, a saber: a) construir rankings de autores, instituições e países do campo de turismo no Brasil, segundo métricas de produção, centralidade e impacto, nos períodos 1990-1999, 1990-2009 e 1990-2018; b) caracterizar os elementos mais importantes – aqueles que aparecem nas primeiras posições desses rankings; e c) comparar os resultados desses rankings aos obtidos com a aplicação do Índice H. Foi feito um estudo bibliométrico e de redes, com coleta de dados e revisão e desambiguação manuais; foram calculadas métricas de produção (contagem simples e fracionada), centralidade (grau, intermediação e Page Rank) e impacto (baseadas nas citações reais). Em resumo, os principais pesquisadores trabalham em instituições do Sul e Sudeste do país, e estão vinculados a programas de pós-graduação stricto sensu. Para as instituições, ter um programa de pós-graduação stricto sensu em turismo ou campo correlato parece ser um fator-chave; a Universidade de São Paulo e a Universidade do Vale do Itajaí claramente se destacam das demais, em toda e qualquer métrica. O Brasil ocupa a primeira posição em produção, centralidade e impacto, seguido sempre pela Espanha.

Abstract We investigated the set of Brazilian tourism journals, specifically 3,887 articles published in 16 journals, from 1990 to 2018. The three main objectives of this study are: a) to rank authors, institutions, and countries in the field of tourism studies in Brazil, using productivity, centrality, and impact metrics, for 1990-1999, 1990-2009, and 1990-2018; b) to characterize the leading elements – i.e. top-ranked ones; and c) to compare these rankings with h-index based rankings. A bibliometric and social network study was carried out, with manual data collection and revision and disambiguation. Productivity (full and fractional counting), centrality (degree, betweenness, and PageRank), and impact (based on actual citations) metrics were calculated. In summary, the leading authors are affiliated with institutions in the South and Southeast regions of Brazil, and they are linked to graduate programs. For institutions, offering a graduate program in tourism or in a related field seems to be a key factor. The University of São Paulo (USP) and the University of Vale do Itajaí (UNIVALI) clearly stand out in all metrics. Brazil occupies the first position in productivity, centrality, and impact, followed by Spain.

Resumen Este trabajo analiza el conjunto de revistas del turismo brasileñas, específicamente los 3,887 artículos publicados en 16 revistas científicas, en 1990-2018. Hay tres objetivos principales, a saber: a) construir clasificaciones de autores, instituciones y países en el campo del turismo en Brasil, utilizando métricas de producción, centralidad e impacto, en 1990-1999, 1990-2009 y 1990-2018; b) caracterizar los elementos más importantes: aquellos que aparecen en las primeras posiciones de estas clasificaciones; y c) comparar los resultados con los obtenidos con la aplicación del índice h. Se realizó un estudio bibliométrico y de redes sociales, con recolección de datos, revisión manual y desambiguación. Se calculó las métricas de producción (conteo simple y fraccional), centralidad (grado, intermediación y Page Rank) e impacto (basado en las citas reales). Los principales investigadores trabajan en instituciones en las regiones Sur y Sudeste del país y están vinculados a programas de posgrado estrictos. Para las instituciones, tener un programa de posgrado estricto en turismo o un campo relacionado parece ser un factor clave. La Universidade de São Paulo y la Universidade do Vale do Itajaí se destacan claramente del resto, en todas las métricas. Brasil ocupa el primer puesto en producción, centralidad e impacto, siempre seguido por España.

Resumo Introdução: A cirurgia mais comum da região cervical é a tireoidectomia. Atualmente, várias tecnologias estão disponíveis para hemostasia intraoperatória. Objetivo: Comparar o desempenho de três tecnologias (elétrica monopolar e bipolar e ultrassônica) no tempo operatório e complicações pós-operatórias. Método: Pacientes submetidos à tireoidectomia total sem tratamento prévio foram incluídos. Desenho científico usado: estudo de série prospectiva. Resultados: Foram incluídos 834 pacientes, 661 mulheres (79,3%) e 173 homens (20,7%). O diagnóstico foi de neoplasia maligna em 528 pacientes (63,3%) e de doença benigna em 306 pacientes (36,7%). O bisturi elétrico monopolar foi usado em 280 pacientes (33,6%), energia bipolar em 210 (25,2%) e ultrassônica em 344 (41,3%). O tempo operatório foi significantemente menor com bisturi ultrassônico ou bipolar quando comparado com elétrico. Em um modelo de regressão linear, sexo, diagnóstico de malignidade e tipo de energia foram significantes para duração do procedimento. Os pacientes operados com bisturi ultrassônico ou bipolar apresentaram incidência significantemente menor de hipoparatireoidismo. Conclusão: O uso do bisturi ultrassônico ou bipolar reduz de forma significante o tempo operatório e a incidência de hipoparatireoidismo transitório.

This article assessed the performance, carcass yield, and meat quality of finishing broilers fed increasing levels of hydroethanolic extract of guavira fruit peel (HEGP) were assessed. A total of 480, three-weeks-old male broilers were randomly allocated to dietary levels of HEGP (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 mg/kg), with five replicates and 16 birds each. There was a quadratic effect of HEGP inclusion on weight gain (Wg) and feed conversion ratio (FCR), with the greatest WG and FCR being calculated at levels of 314 and 219 mg/kg HEGP, respectively. Broilers fed diets containing the extract had better performance than those fed an extract-free diet. There was no effect of extract inclusion on carcass yield and cuts. There was a quadratic effect of HEGP inclusion on a* (redness) of thigh meat at 15 min post-mortem, and on waterholding capacity (WHC), with the lowest and highest values being calculated at 270 mg/kg and 263 mg/kg HEGP, respectively. There was a quadratic influence of HEGP inclusion on the malonaldehyde content at 30-day storage, with highest value being calculated at 218 mg/kg HEGP. Dietary inclusion of 219 mg/kg of HEGP resulted in better FCR for broilers in the finishing phase but without improvement in meat quality.

Resumo Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae) é relatado pela primeira vez no Brasil. Aqui, nós fornecemos a diagnose de Conostigmus binasutus Dessart & Cancemi, 1986 e descrição e ilustração da fêmea, desconhecida anteriormente. O material analisado foi coletado utilizando armadilha Malaise, em Manaus, Amazonas, Brasil, e está depositado na Coleção de invertebrados do INPA (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia) de Manaus. Além disso, é apresentada uma chave de identificação e mapa de distribuição das espécies Neotropicais de Conostigmus.

Abstract Conostigmus Dahlbom, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Megaspilidae) is reported for the first time from Brazil. Here, we provide a diagnosis of Conostigmus binasutus Dessart & Cancemi, 1986 and the description and illustration of the female, previously unknown. The analyzed material was collected utilizing Malaise traps, in Manaus, Amazon, Brazil and deposited at the Invertebrate collection of INPA (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia) of Manaus. A identification key and distribution map to the Neotropical species of Conostigmus is provided.

ABSTRACT The conventional sedimentological model suggests that the accumulation of organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rocks (<62.5 μm) is uniquely associated with fallout processes in low energy depositional environments. This contribution analyzes organic-rich mudstones belonging to the lower section of the Vaca Muerta Formation at central areas of the Neuquén Basin (Arroyo Mulichinco, Tres Chorros and Río Neuquén localities). The studied interval is characterized by the highest organic matter content of the Vaca Muerta Formation (up to 8% TOC). The associated mudstone deposits are usually highly compacted, thus obscuring the recognition of the original fabric and the analysis of mudstone depositional processes. Nevertheless, the common occurrence of carbonate concretions within these highly compacted intervals provides an exceptional preservation of mudstone primary fabric. After macroscopic study of polished slabs and thin sections of these cemented beds, a series of facies genetically linked to muddy underflows were recognized. The origin of these deposits is related to long-lived muddy hyperpycnal flows (quasi-steady mud flows) triggered by extreme river discharges during rainfall humid periods. During their travel basinward, hyperpycnal flows, originally composed of detrital mud, would be able to go through very low gradient reliefs, incorporating the available intrabasinal components (including organic matter) to their extrabasinal sedimentary load. The rapid basinward transfer of organic-rich mud would have provided a fast deposition and efficient burial of organic matter, avoiding its potential degradation at seafloor. Muddy underflows constitute a rational mechanism to explain the common occurrence of bituminous mudstones at central areas of the Neuquén Basin.

RESUMEN El modelo sedimentológico convencional relaciona la acumulación de rocas sedimentarias de grano fino (<62,5 μm), ricas en materia orgánica, únicamente con procesos de decantación hemipelágica en ambientes de baja energía. En esta contribución se analizan una serie de depósitos fangolíticos con elevado contenido de materia orgánica (fangolitas bituminosas), reconocidos en los afloramientos de la sección inferior de la Formación Vaca Muerta, en áreas centrales de la Cuenca Neuquina (localidades de Arroyo Mulichinco, Tres Chorros y Río Neuquén). Este intervalo basal de la Formación Vaca Muerta es el que mayor contenido de materia orgánica presenta (hasta 8% COT). Los depósitos fangolíticos que lo constituyen están altamente compactados, lo que produce una pérdida de resolución importante que limita el reconocimiento y el análisis de los procesos sedimentarios involucrados. Sin embargo, es común encontrar niveles milimétricos a centimétricos parcialmente cementados en concreciones carbonáticas, los cuales proveen un registro excepcional de las estructuras sedimentarias y la fábrica original presente en estos depósitos fangolíticos. Estudios de cortes macroscópicos pulidos y secciones delgadas de estos niveles cementados permitieron reconocer una serie de facies sedimentarias genéticamente asociadas a flujos de fango. Su origen se relaciona con flujos hiperpícnicos fangosos de larga duración (flujos casi estacionarios) desencadenados a partir de descargas directas de ríos en crecida durante períodos húmedos de precipitaciones extremas. En su trayectoria cuenca adentro, los flujos hiperpícnicos cargados de fango detrítico habrían atravesado zonas de muy baja pendiente e incorporado el material intracuencal disponible (lo que incluye materia orgánica) a su carga sedimentaria extracuencal. La rápida transferencia de fango rico en materia orgánica habría permitido alcanzar un soterramiento instantáneo, evitando de esta manera su potencial degradación en el fondo marino. Los flujos de fango parecen constituir un mecanismo eficiente para explicar la presencia de fangolitas bituminosas en áreas centrales de la Cuenca Neuquina.

Resumo O Brasil é o país com a maior biodiversidade conhecida no mundo, mas sua flora alimentícia ainda carece de estudos. No presente trabalho, apresentamos um levantamento de plantas frutíferas nativas do estado do Rio Grande do Sul com base em consultas bibliográficas e experimentação de campo. Dados adicionais de cada espécie, como nome popular, forma biológica, distribuição geográfica, hábitat, fenologia, tamanho da fruta e forma de uso também são apresentados. Reportamos 213 espécies frutíferas nativas distribuídas em 48 famílias e 102 gêneros, sendo Myrtaceae a família com o maior número de espécies. A maioria das espécies é constituída por árvores que ocorrem em ambientes florestais, distribuídas ao longo de todo território do estado. Mais de 90% das frutas são para consumo in natura ou derivados, enquanto uma pequena parte é utilizada após processamento, e outra parte é utilizada como condimento. Cerca de 20% das espécies são apresentadas de maneira inédita como frutíferas. Ressalta-se a elevada riqueza de espécies frutíferas encontrada no estado e a importância da valorização da flora nativa alimentícia com potencial de uso sustentável, incrementando a fruticultura local e agregando valor à produção agrícola.

Abstract Brazil is the country with the major biodiversity known in the world, but its edible flora is still little studied. In this work, we present a checklist of the native edible fruits of the Rio Grande do Sul state based on bibliographic consultant and field taste proof. Additional data for each species are also presented with vernacular name, biological form, geographical distribution, habitat, phenology, size of fruits and forms of use. We reported 213 native edible fruits species belonging to 48 botanical family and 102 genera, being Myrtaceae the family with the largest number of species. The majority of the species are tree from forest habitats and occur along all territory of the state. More than 90% of the fruits are for in natura consumption or derivatives, while a small part is used after processing or as condiment. About 20% of the species are presented for the first time as having edible fruit. We highlighted the elevated richness of the native edible fruits found and the importance of appreciation of the local edible flora as potential resource for sustainable economic use, increasing local fruit production and adding value to agricultural production

RESUMEN El pulgón Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) es considerado una de las principales plagas en cultivos de tabaco. Conocer sus enemigos naturales, como las avispas parasitoides, es el primer paso para desarrollar estrategias de manejo para el control biológico de los pulgones utilizando agentes locales. Para el éxito en la utilización de esta herramienta, se debe tener en cuenta algunos factores ambientales como la tolerancia térmica. En ese sentido, este trabajo tuvo como objetivo realizar una evaluación de la ocurrencia de los parasitoides de M. persicae asociados al cultivo del tabaco en el estado de Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil, así como, evaluar la influencia de la temperatura en la ocurrencia de estas especies parasitoides. Durante cuatro temporadas de cultivo, se realizaron colectas de hojas de tabaco infestadas con pulgones en 42 ciudades de Rio Grande do Sul. Las hojas con pulgones fueron acondicionadas en recipientes plásticos por diez días, para posterior identificación y verificación de la emergencia de los parasitoides. Se muestrearon un total de 2963 individuos emergidos, de dos especies: 78% a Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) y 22% a Praon volucre (Holiday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). De las 42 ciudades muestreadas, se detectó la presencia de parasitoides en 25 de ellas. En las condiciones en que se realizó el estudio, se constató que la temperatura ejerció influencia directa sobre las poblaciones de parasitoides de M. persicae. Los individuos de P. volucre ocurrieron preferentemente en temperaturas inferiores a los 22 °C, a diferencia de A. colemani, que presentaron preferencia por temperaturas mayores a los 22 °C, observándose una tolerancia térmica diferente entre las dos especies.

ABSTRACT The aphid Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is considered one of the main pests in tobacco crops. By knowing their natural enemies, such as parasitoid wasp, is the first step to develop management strategies for the biological control of the aphids using local agents. For the success of using this tool, it must be considered some environmental factors like thermal tolerance. Therefore, the objective of this work was to survey the occurrence of the parasitoids of M. persicae associated with tobacco crops in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, as well as to evaluate the influence of temperature on the occurrence of these parasitoid species. During four crop seasons, tobacco leaves infested with aphids were collected in 42 cities of Rio Grande do Sul. The leaves with aphids were conditioned in plastic containers for ten days for later screening and verification of parasitoids' emergence. In total, 2963 individuals of two emerging species were sampled: 78% were Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and 22% were Praon volucre (Haliday) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Among the 42 cities sampled, the occurrence of parasitoids was detected in 25 of them. Under the conditions of this study, it was confirmed the influence of the temperature on the populations of the parasitoids of M. persicae. Individuals of P. volucre occurred preferably in temperatures below 22 °C, unlike to A. colemani, which preferred higher temperatures, above 22 °C, showing a different thermal tolerance between both species.