ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Obesity is associated with different medical conditions, such as cardiologic, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary, and constitutes a severe health problem. AIMS: This study aimed to evaluate the use of intragastric fluid-filled balloon in the reduction of weight and other measurements related to body composition. METHODS: This is a retrospective, monocentric study involving all patients who opted for the intragastric balloon Spatz® placement from January 2018 to July 2019, with fulfillment of inclusion and exclusion criteria. The patients were analyzed after 6 and 12 months after the intragastric fluid-filled balloon placed. RESULTS: A total of 121 subjects were included in this study, with 83 (68.6%) females and 38 (31.4%) males. The mean age was 36 years and height was 1.64±0.09. Weight mean and standard deviation was 89.85±14.65 kg, and body mass index was 33.05±4.03; body mass index decreased to 29.4 kg/m2 with a mean weight of 79.83 kg, after 12 months of follow-up. There were statistical differences between body mass index and the 12 months in fat percentage, fat-free mass (kg), visceral fat area, and basal metabolic rate. There was a significant variation according to gender, with males having highest reduction. The percentage of excess weight loss was 46.19, and the total weight loss was 9.24 at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrated a benefit of intragastric fluid-filled balloon on weight loss after 12 months. At the end of treatment, body mass index and the measurements of body composition were significantly lower. Men benefited more than women from the treatment. BACKGROUND conditions cardiologic respiratory gastrointestinal genitourinary problem AIMS fluidfilled fluid filled METHODS retrospective Spatz 201 2019 criteria 1 placed RESULTS 8 68.6% 686 68 (68.6% 3 31.4% 314 31 4 (31.4% 164009 64 0 09 1.64±0.09 89851465 89 85 14 65 89.85±14.6 kg 33.05±4.03 3305403 33 05 03 294 29 29. kgm2 kgm m2 m kg/m 7983 79 79.8 followup. followup follow up. up follow-up fatfree free , (kg) area rate gender 4619 46 19 46.19 924 9 24 9.2 CONCLUSIONS treatment lower 20 68.6 (68.6 31.4 (31.4 16400 1.64±0.0 8985146 89.85±14. 33.05±4.0 330540 2 798 7 79. (kg 461 46.1 92 9. 68. (68. 31. (31. 1640 1.64±0. 898514 89.85±14 33.05±4. 33054 46. (68 (31 164 1.64±0 89851 89.85±1 33.05±4 3305 (6 (3 16 1.64± 8985 89.85± 33.05± 330 ( 1.64 898 89.85 33.05 1.6 89.8 33.0 1. 89. 33.

RESUMO RACIONAL: A obesidade está associada a diferentes condições médicas, tais como cardiológicas, respiratórias, gastrointestinais, geniturinárias entre outras e constituem um grave problema de saúde. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o emprêgo do balão intragástrico na redução de peso e em outras medidas relacionadas à composição corporal. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, monocêntrico, incluindo todos os pacientes que optaram pela colocação de balão intragástrico Spatz® entre janeiro de 2018 e julho de 2019, com cumprimento dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão. RESULTADOS: Cento e vinte e um indivíduos foram recrutados neste estudo. A média de idade foi de 36 anos e estatura de 1,64±0,09, sendo 83 (68,6%) do sexo feminino e 38 (31,4%) do sexo masculino. A média do peso e o desvio padrão foram de 89,85±14,65 kg e o índice de massa corporal foi de 33,05±4,03. Após 12 meses, o índice de massa corporal diminuiu para 29,4 kg/m2 com um peso médio de 79,83 kg. Foram registradas diferenças estatísticas no índice de massa corporal, no percentual de gordura, massa livre de gordura (kg), área de gordura visceral e taxa metabólica basal. Houve variação significativa de acordo com o sexo, sendo o masculino com maior redução. O porcentual de perda de excesso de peso foi de 46,19% e de perda de peso total de 9,24 %ao final do estudo. CONCLUSÕES: O estudo demonstrou benefícios do balão intragástrico na perda de peso após 12 meses de colocação do balão. Ao final do tratamento, o índice de massa corporal e as medidas de composição corporal foram significativamente menores. Os homens se beneficiaram mais do que as mulheres do tratamento. RACIONAL médicas cardiológicas respiratórias gastrointestinais saúde OBJETIVOS MÉTODOS retrospectivo monocêntrico Spatz 201 2019 exclusão RESULTADOS 3 164009 1 64 0 09 1,64±0,09 8 68,6% 686 68 6 (68,6% 31,4% 314 31 4 (31,4% 89851465 89 85 14 65 89,85±14,6 3305403 33 05 03 33,05±4,03 294 29 29, kgm2 kgm m2 m kg/m 7983 79 79,8 kg, , (kg) basal 4619 46 19 46,19 924 9 24 9,2 ao CONCLUSÕES tratamento menores 20 16400 1,64±0,0 68,6 (68,6 31,4 (31,4 8985146 89,85±14, 330540 33,05±4,0 2 798 7 79, (kg 461 46,1 92 9, 1640 1,64±0, 68, (68, 31, (31, 898514 89,85±14 33054 33,05±4, 46, 164 1,64±0 (68 (31 89851 89,85±1 3305 33,05±4 16 1,64± (6 (3 8985 89,85± 330 33,05± 1,64 ( 898 89,85 33,05 1,6 89,8 33,0 1, 89, 33,

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of a brown seaweed additive (SWA; Macrocystis pyrifera) in the diet of grass-fed steers on carcass performance, beef quality, and nutrient composition. A total of 20 Holstein-Friesian steers were randomly distributed into two groups: Control group (a basal diet without supplementation of SWA) and SWA group (2%-SWA) with basal diet + 30 g/day/animal of SWA during the breeding phase (11 months) and 48 g/day/animal of SWA during the fattening phase (4 months). Steers fed with 2%-SWA were not different (P>0.05) in final body weight, carcass weight, carcass dressing, fat thickness, ribeye area, and marbling score than those from the Control group. Likewise, no effects of 2%-SWA supplementation were detected (P>0.05) for beef quality traits, glycolytic potential, or their metabolites (muscular glycogen, glycose+glucose-6-phosphate, and lactate), evaluated in longissimus lumborum (LL) samples. Sensory evaluation showed a slight preference for Control group samples rather than those from the 2%-SWA group (58.93% and 41.07%; P=0.06). Regarding, proximal composition, the inclusion of SWA only affected the total lipids present in the LL samples, which decreased significantly (P=0.01) in LL samples of grass-fed steers fed with 2%-SWA. The composition of macro (Ca, Na, Mg, P, and K) and micro (Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn) minerals in LL samples were not affected (P>0.05) by the inclusion of SWA in the diet. The inclusion of the additive based on brown seaweed had not a detrimental effect on carcass performance, beef quality, and mineral content, however, it reduced the total lipids content in the LL muscle.

Resumen Introducción: la apendicitis aguda (AA) es una de las patologías quirúrgicas abdominales más frecuentes en el mundo, siendo la apendicectomía, la cirugía de emergencia más realizada a nivel mundial. Objetivo: determinar los posibles marcadores de severidad en la apendicitis aguda con fines diagnósticos y para el manejo oportuno de la apendicitis y, de esta manera, evitar posibles complicaciones. Metodología: esta investigación se basó de una muestra aleatorizada de un total de 239 pacientes con diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda en el Hospital Regional de Orinoquía, Colombia. Se analizaron registros de cuadro hemático, proteína C reactiva (PCR) e índice de neutrófilo/linfocito (INL), y se estableció la relación de los mismos con los hallazgos quirúrgicos de apendicitis aguda descritos por Guzmán-Valdivia. Resultados: en el servicio de urgencias, estos reactantes son capaces de realizar una aproximación en el diagnóstico y como marcadores de la severidad de la AA, siendo la PCR > 15 mg/dL (precisión diagnóstica 76,15 %) y el porcentaje de neutrófilos > 85 % (precisión diagnóstica 61,09 %) los de mejor rendimiento operativo inicial. En cuanto a las complicaciones, como la perforación intestinal, se encontró en relación estadística, que la PCR > 15 mg/dL y el porcentaje de neutrófilos > 85 % fueron los marcadores con mayor rendimiento predictivo, con OR 14,46 y OR 2,17, respectivamente. Lo anterior en relación con los hallazgos descritos por Guzmán-Valdivia. Conclusiones: la elevación de la PCR y del porcentaje de neutrófilos > 85 % son los reactantes de fase aguda que presentan mejores características diagnósticas y para predecir posibles complicaciones de la apendicitis aguda.

Abstract Introduction: Acute appendicitis (AA) is one of the most frequent abdominal surgical pathologies globally, with appendectomy being the most performed emergency surgery. Aim: To determine potential markers of AA severity for diagnostic purposes and timely management, thus avoiding possible complications. Materials and methods: This research relies on a randomized sample of 239 patients diagnosed with AA at the Orinoquía Regional Hospital, Colombia. We analyzed blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) records and established their relationship with the AA surgical findings described by Guzmán-Valdivia. Results: In the emergency department, these reactants can provide an approximate diagnosis as markers of the AA severity, with CRP > 15 mg/dL (diagnostic accuracy of 76.15 %) and NLR > 85 % (diagnostic accuracy of 61.09 %) having the best initial operating performance. Regarding complications such as intestinal perforation, we found a statistical relationship; CRP > 15 mg/dL and NLR > 85 % were the markers with the highest predictive performance, with OR 14.46 and OR 2. 17, respectively, regarding Guzmán-Valdivia’s findings. Conclusions: CRP and NLR > 85 % are the acute phase reactants with the best diagnostic characteristics to predict potential AA complications.

Background: Students belonging to sexual and gender diversity experience chronic stress due to stigmatization and discrimination. Aim: To identify the experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender/transsexual, and queer (LGBTQ+) medical students. Material and Methods: Systematic literature review using the PRISMA protocol in PubMed, ERIC, EMBASE, and LILACS databases. Articles published in Spanish or English were considered. Three authors independently reviewed and synthesized information from the selected articles, according to the PRISMA criteria. Results: Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Forty-three experiences were reported, which were finally classified into four categories: i) Relationship between peers in the educational context (23%), ii) Relationship between students and teachers in the educational context (23%), iii) Relationship with the educational institution (34%), and iv) Curriculum and training experience (19%). The relationship with the educational institution was identified as the most relevant category. Students with a strong sense of belonging to their institution were more likely to be persistent and make an effort in learning. The second most relevant experiences, mainly negative, derive from interactions with peers and teachers. Conclusions: LGBTQ+ medical students still experience more discrimination than inclusion during their training. Therefore, medical schools should render medical education a more inclusive space for the LGBTQ+ population.

Knowing what characterizes an excellent teacher is relevant to guide training, evaluation, and continuous improvement of the clinical teacher. We performed a systematic review using the PRISMA protocol, aiming to identify the attributes of an excellent clinical teacher. MEDLINE, ERIC, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases were searched for articles published in English and Spanish, between 2007 and 2019. Two independent reviewers extracted and synthesized data from articles that met the PRISMA pre-established criteria. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Of the 106 attributes reported by the studies, 49 (46,2%) were generic. The most frequently mentioned attribute was respectfulness. Forty-six attributes (43,3%) were pedagogical. Feedback and planning were those most frequently mentioned. Eleven attributes (10,3%) were disciplinary and clinical skills was the most mentioned. We conclude that generic and pedagogical dimensions had a greater representation in the literature, in comparison with the disciplinary dimension. This could be explained, considering that having adequate clinical skills is the minimal necessary requisite to become a clinical teacher, but does not make a difference in how their performance is perceived, contrary to the generic and pedagogical dimensions.