ABSTRACT Congenital dilatation of extrahepatic bile ducts is rare in the Western countries and is more common in children than in adults. The diagnosis requires high level of suspicion and is made by cholangiography tests, among which MRCP is the most useful nowadays. Malignant transformation of these cystic dilatations is well-known; therefore, complete resection of the cystic pouch is mandatory.

RESUMEN Las dilataciones quísticas congénitas de la vía biliar extrahepática son infrecuentes, principalmente en Occidente, y afectan sobre todo a niños pero son poco comunes en adultos. El diagnóstico requiere un alto índice de sospecha y suele llevarse a cabo con estudios colangiográficos de los cuales la CRMN es, en la actualidad, el de mayor utilidad. Es conocido el aumento de malignización de estas dilataciones, por lo que el tratamiento completo de la bolsa quística es obligatorio.

ABSTRACT Objective: The paper is aimed at illustrating the updated process of physical education professional working with chronic hemiplegia people, keeping in mind the difficulties described in the bibliography, the normative documents and those related to practice with those people. The objective is to argue the theoretical foundations which allow the elaboration of Physical Education professionals updating actions with respect to the care of people with chronic hemiplegia. Methods: The starting point was to construct a theoretical framework to devise the training actions. These actions were later accessed by means of a course organize at the city of Nouna, in Kossi province, Burkina Faso. Results: The findings proved the need of training to reach qualitatively superior outcomes characterized by its humanistic nature. Conclusions: The actions suggested for training physical education professionals are based on a sound knowledge on chronic hemiplegia, improving practice on the basis of research, communicating with parents or relatives, articulating theory and practice and organizing physical and sportive activities as pedagogical process.

RESUMEN Objetivo: En el artículo se ilustra la superación a profesionales de Educación Física para la atención a personas con hemiplejia crónica, se tienen en cuenta tanto las dificultades descritas en la bibliografía, los documentos normativos y aquellas constatadas en la atención a estas personas. Su objetivo consiste en argumentar los fundamentos teóricos que permiten la elaboración de las acciones de superación a profesionales de educación física para la atención a personas con hemiplejia crónica. Métodos: Se emplearon métodos del nivel teórico en la construcción de los fundamentos y el diseño de las acciones de superación, las que fueron evaluadas mediante su introducción práctica en un curso impartido en la ciudad de Nouna, en la provincia de Kossi, Burkina Faso Resultados: Los hallazgos demostraron la necesidad de extender la preparación en este ámbito para alcanzar un resultado cualitativamente superior caracterizado por su naturaleza humanista. Conclusiones: Las acciones de superación a los profesionales de la educación física deben asumir como ideas rectoras el dominio de los contenidos sobre la hemiplejia crónica, la labor investigativa para mejorar su propia práctica, la comunicación con la familia y su cooperación, la articulación de la teoría con la práctica, y la organización de las sesiones de actividades físico-deportivas como proceso pedagógico.

Extratos de produtos naturais, especialmente de microrganismos, constituíram-se em fonte valiosa de diversas moléculas em muitas descobertas de fármacos e levaram à descoberta de fármacos importantes. A identificação de espécies microbianas que apresentam atividade biológica e a purificação de biomoléculas responsáveis pelas atividades levou à descoberta de muitas moléculas bioativas. Extratos extracelulares tanto quanto intracelulares de metabólitos de 36 isolados de bactérias e 24 isolados de fungos, que cresceram sob condições não usuais, como alta temperatura, alta concentração de sal e baixa concentração de açúcar, foram testados in vitro quanto ao seu potencial citotóxico em várias linhagens de câncer. Os extratos foram ensaiados em células HeLa e MCF-7 para o estudo do potencial citotóxico. A coloração nuclear e os estudos de citometria de fluxo foram realizados para avaliar o potencial dos extratos em bloquear o ciclo celular. O extrato bruto em acetato de etila do isolado F-21 mostrou resultados promissores no ensaio de MTT, com IC50 de 20,37±0,36 µg/mL em células HeLa e 44,.75±0,81 µg/mL em células MCF-7, comparativamente à cisplatina. O isolado F-21 foi identificado como Aspergillus sp. Resultados promissores foram obtidos com cepas B-2C e B-4E. Realizaram-se, também, estudos morfológicos, testes bioquímicos e investigação química preliminar dos extratos.

Extracts from natural products, especially microorganisms, have served as a valuable source of diverse molecules in many drug discovery efforts and led to the discovery of several important drugs. Identification of microbial strains having promising biological activities and purifying the bio-molecules responsible for the activities, have led to the discovery of many bioactive molecules. Extracellular, as well as intracellular, extracts of the metabolites of thirty-six bacterial and twenty-four fungal isolates, grown under unusual conditions such as high temperature, high salt and low sugar concentrations, were in vitro tested for their cytotoxic potential on various cancer cell lines. The extracts were screened on HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines to study the cytotoxic potential. Nuclear staining and flow cytometric studies were carried out to assess the potential of the extracts in arresting the cell cycle. The crude ethylacetate extract of isolate F-21 showed promising results by MTT assay with IC50 as low as 20.37±0.36 µg/mL on HeLa, and 44.75±0.81 µg/mL on MCF-7 cells, comparable with Cisplatin. The isolate F-21 was identified as Aspergillus sp. Promising results were also obtained with B-2C and B-4E strains. Morphological studies, biochemical tests and preliminary chemical investigation of the extracts were also carried out.