ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: The cardiopulmonary function of patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is significantly lower than that of patients with simple snoring and is significantly related to the severity of OSA. Currently, only a few studies have been conducted on cardiopulmonary exercise testing in overweight patients with OSA. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the correlation between cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) indices and the condition of overweight patients with OSA. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective study in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine. METHODS: This study included 73 hospitalized overweight patients. The patients were divided into no, mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups. Differences in the CPET indices among the four groups were compared. The correlation between the CPET indices and conditions was analyzed. RESULTS: No, mild, moderate, and severe OSA groups had 18 men and 5 women, 11 men and 3 women, 12 men and 2 women, and 21 men and 1 woman, respectively (P > 0.05). No significant difference was observed in resting pulmonary function among the four groups (P > 0.05). In the CPET, the anaerobic threshold, maximum oxygen uptake, and oxygen pulse were significantly lower in the severe OSA group than those in the normal OSA group (P < 0.05). Moreover, CPET indices negatively correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index. CONCLUSION: Changes in CPET indices occurred earlier than changes in resting pulmonary function in patients with OSA. CPET might be a potential method for evaluating the severity of OSA combined with overweight status. BACKGROUND (OSA Currently OBJECTIVE (CPET SETTING Medicine METHODS 7 no mild moderate compared analyzed RESULTS women woman P 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) threshold uptake Moreover apneahypopnea hypopnea index CONCLUSION status 00 0.0 0.

Abstract Background Fibrous scars frequently form at the sites of bone nonunion when attempts to repair bone fractures have failed. However, the detailed mechanism by which fibroblasts, which are the main components of fibrous scars, impede osteogenesis remains largely unknown. Results In this study, we found that fibroblasts compete with osteogenesis in both human bone nonunion tissues and BMP2-induced ectopic osteogenesis in a mouse model. Fibroblasts could inhibit the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) via direct and indirect cell competition. During this process, fibroblasts modulated the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP in MSCs. Knocking down YAP could inhibit osteoblast differentiation of MSCs, while overexpression of nuclear-localized YAP-5SA could reverse the inhibition of osteoblast differentiation of MSCs caused by fibroblasts. Furthermore, fibroblasts secreted DKK1, which further inhibited the formation of calcium nodules during the late stage of osteogenesis but did not affect the early stage of osteogenesis. Thus, fibroblasts could inhibit osteogenesis by regulating YAP localization in MSCs and secreting DKK1. Conclusions Our research revealed that fibroblasts could modulate the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of YAP in MSCs, thereby inhibiting their osteoblast differentiation. Fibroblasts could also secrete DKK1, which inhibited calcium nodule formation at the late stage of osteogenesis.

RESUMO Introdução: O treinamento em artes marciais concentra-se na ciência, na metodologia e na prática. As artes marciais são um símbolo de aptidão física. A análise acadêmica da influência do treinamento de artes marciais na saúde física das crianças é de grande importância para a promoção da cultura tradicional chinesa e pode enriquecer os programas de intervenção esportiva para melhorar a saúde física infantil. Objetivo: Analisar o efeito do treinamento de qualidade sensitiva no treinamento de equilíbrio das artes marciais em crianças. Métodos: Selecionou-se crianças de 8 a 12 anos como objetos de pesquisa. Após repetidas deliberações, foi elaborado e implementado um conjunto de artes marciais infantis. O projeto piloto analisa a importância da qualidade sensitiva na etapa essencial do treinamento das artes marciais infantis. Resultados: Após o experimento, houve uma diferença significativa na qualidade do equilíbrio no grupo experimental (p<0,01). Após o experimento, a diferença no sentido de equilíbrio entre os grupos experimental e de controle foi significativa (p<0,01). Conclusão: Na fase de treinamento básico das artes marciais infantis, os treinadores devem exigir que os atletas dominem as habilidades básicas das artes marciais de forma mais abrangente. Todas as combinações de movimentos nas artes marciais exigem aptidão física e sensibilidade de equilíbrio abrangentes, incluindo velocidade, flexibilidade e coordenação. Nível de evidência II; Estudos terapêuticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Martial arts training focuses on science, methodology, and practice. Martial arts are a symbol of physical fitness. The academic analysis of the influence of martial arts training on children’s physical health is of great importance for promoting traditional Chinese culture. It can enrich sports intervention programs to improve children’s physical health. Objective: Analyze the effect of sensory quality training on martial arts balance training in children. Methods: Children aged 8 to 12 years were selected as research subjects. After repeated deliberations, a children’s martial arts set was designed and implemented. The pilot project analyzes the importance of sensory quality in the essential stage of children’s martial arts training. Results: After the experiment, there was a significant difference in balance quality in the experimental group (p<0.01). After the experiment, the difference in balance sense between the experimental and control groups was significant (p<0.01). Conclusion: In the basic training phase of children’s martial arts, coaches should require athletes to master basic martial arts skills more comprehensively. All movement combinations in martial arts require comprehensive physical fitness and balance sensitivity, including speed, flexibility, and coordination. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

RESUMEN Introducción: El entrenamiento de las artes marciales se centra en la ciencia, la metodología y la práctica. Las artes marciales son un símbolo de la condición física. El análisis académico de la influencia del entrenamiento de artes marciales en la salud física de los niños es de gran importancia para la promoción de la cultura tradicional china y puede enriquecer los programas de intervención deportiva para mejorar la salud física de los niños. Objetivo: Analizar el efecto del entrenamiento de la calidad sensorial en el entrenamiento del equilibrio en artes marciales en niños. Métodos: Se seleccionaron niños de 8 a 12 años como sujetos de la investigación. Tras repetidas deliberaciones, se diseñó y puso en marcha un conjunto de artes marciales para niños. El proyecto piloto analiza la importancia de la calidad sensorial en la etapa esencial del entrenamiento de artes marciales de los niños. Resultados: Después del experimento, hubo una diferencia significativa en la calidad del equilibrio en el grupo experimental (p<0,01). Tras el experimento, la diferencia en el sentido del equilibrio entre los grupos experimental y de control fue significativa (p<0,01). Conclusión: En la fase de formación básica de las artes marciales infantiles, los entrenadores deberían exigir a los deportistas un dominio más completo de las habilidades marciales básicas. Todas las combinaciones de movimientos en las artes marciales requieren una amplia aptitud física y sensibilidad al equilibrio, incluidas la velocidad, la flexibilidad y la coordinación. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS) is a devastating urological chronic pelvic pain condition. In search of a potential treatment, we investigated the effect of emodin on IC/BPS inflammation and fibrosis, and explore the potential mechanism. Methods: An experimental model of interstitial cystitis was induced by cyclophosphamide, and human bladder smooth muscle cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide to establish the cell model in vitro. In both models, inflammation- and fibrosis-related indexes were measured after emodin administration. Furthermore, the specific antagonists were used to dig for the mechanisms underlying the response to emodin treatment. Results: Emodin significantly ameliorated management of cystitis, reduced the amount of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-1β, interleukin-8, and interleukin-6) in models, as well as reducing the synthesis of fibrosis marker including collagen1, collagen3, vimentin, fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin. Further mechanism studies demonstrated that emodin inhibited inflammatory reaction and fibrosis through blocking lysine-specific demethylase 6B (JMJD3) expression via JAK/STAT, NF-κB and TGF-β/SMAD pathways. Conclusions: Our study reveals the critical role of emodin-JMJD3 signaling in interstitial cystitis by regulating inflammation, fibrosis, and extracellular matrix deposition in cells and tissues, and these findings provide an avenue for effective treatment of patients with cystitis. Purpose cystitisbladder ICBPS IC BPS (IC/BPS condition Methods cyclophosphamide vitro models fibrosisrelated related administration Furthermore Results tumor factorα, factorα factor α, α factor-α protein1, protein1 protein 1, 1 protein-1 interleukin1β, interleukin1β interleukinβ interleukin 1β, 1β β interleukin-1β interleukin8, interleukin8 8, 8 interleukin-8 interleukin6 6 interleukin-6 collagen1 collagen collagen3 vimentin αsmooth actin lysinespecific lysine B JMJD3 JMJD (JMJD3 JAKSTAT JAK STAT JAK/STAT NFκB NF κB TGFβ/SMAD TGFβSMAD TGF β/SMAD SMAD pathways Conclusions emodinJMJD3 emodinJMJD emodin-JMJD tissues protein- interleukin- (JMJD TGFβ βSMAD

Abstract Objective Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the common type of cancer that leads to death; and is becoming a global concern. Due to the lack of efficient chemotherapeutic agents for patients with oral cancer, the prognosis remains poor. 6-shogaol, a bioactive compound of ginger, has a broad spectrum of bioactivities and has been widely used to relieve many diseases. However, its effects on human oral cancer have not yet been fully evaluated. In our study, we investigated the anticancer effects of 6-shogaol on the proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and underlying mechanisms within human OSCC cell lines. Methodology We investigated the effect of 6-shogaol on the growth of OSCC cells by cell viability and soft agar colony formation assay. Migration and invasion assays were conducted to confirm the effect 6-shogaol on OSCC cell metastasis. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry and the underlying mechanism on the antigrowth effect of 6-shogaol in OSCC cells was assessed using western blotting. Results In our results, 6-shogaol not only suppressed proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth in OSCC cells, but also induced apoptosis by regulating the apoptosis-associated factors such as p53, Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved caspase-3. Migration and invasion of OSCC cells were inhibited following the regulation of E-cadherin and N-cadherin by 6-shogaol. Additionally, 6-shogaol treatment significantly inhibited the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion Therefore, our results may provide critical evidence that 6-shogaol can be a potential new therapeutic candidate for oral cancer.

Abstract The influence of water resources allocation patterns on root layers soil desalination and groundwater quality were investigated by monitoring different irrigation area from People’s Victory Canal irrigation district in Huang Huai Hai plain China that had been conducted well canal combined irrigation patterns from 1954. A typical area was chosen belong to the People’s Victory Canal irrigation district from 2013 to 2015. Precipitation of the area, surface water irrigation amount, groundwater consumption amount, salinity content in 0 to 100 cm soil layer and total dissolved solids in groundwater were monitored, the ratio of canal-well water (the ratio of surface water to groundwater irrigation amount, CWWR), soil salinity spatial dynamic, desalinization rate in 0 to 100 cm soil layer and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) of groundwater were analyzed in the area. CWWR of Branch 1, Branch 2, and Branch 3 ranged from 0.72 to 1.03, 2.50 to 2.63, and 0.65 to 1.26 in 2013 to 2015, respectively. The soil salinity contents for the top 100 cm horizons in the Branch 2 irrigation area decreased slightly by 1.63% to 8.90% compared with the values in the Branch 1 and Branch 3 irrigation districts while the water resources allocation patterns were conducted two years later. Compared with the area in the hydrological period in 2013, the area of average soil salinity exceeded 0.32 mS/cm for the top 20 cm horizons has decreased notably in 2014 and 2015. Compared with the values in 2014, the average TDS concentration of groundwater increased by 18.66% in the study area in 2015, whereas the sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) values in the above-mentioned irrigation areas decreased by 23.58%, 36.82%, and 53.37% in the normal period in 2015. The combined well-canal irrigation pattern could represent a useful water allocation method mainly because of the temporal and spatial regulation of water resources and root layer soil desalination; however, possible increases of TDS in the groundwater may cause potential ecosystem degradation risks after long-term water allocation in semi-arid areas. Thus, water allocation should be emphasized to maintain a healthy groundwater environment and sustainable stable yields of grain in combined canal-well irrigation districts.

This article discusses how the Grand dictionnaire chinois-français contemporain (GDCFC, 2014), one of the largest Chinese-French dictionaries, was designed and compiled. Due to the limited resources in the language pair of Chinese and French, GDCFC was designed as a bidirectional bilingual dictionary. To meet the needs of Chinese-speaking learners of French, the main user group, GDCFC extends the lemma list, and enriches the information of French equivalents in terms of their frequency, grammar and register. To be geared to the needs of French-speaking learners of Chinese, the secondary user group, GDCFC includes some headwords that fall into regional varieties of Chinese, and also provides useful information on the formulaicity and flexibility of Chinese characters (classifiers in particular). Some other features, such as the indication of POS and equivalents in context, and establishment of a semantic network of the nomenclature, were designed to benefit both groups of users. The making of this dictionary has implications for the compilation of other less-resourced bilingual dictionaries.

Hierdie artikel bespreek hoe die Grand dictionnaire chinois-français contemporain (GDCFC, 2014), een van die grootste Chinees-Franse woordeboeke, ontwerp en saamgestel is. Weens die beperkte hulpbronne in die taalpaar Chinees en Frans, is die GDCFC as 'n tweerigting- tweetalige woordeboek ontwerp. Om te voorsien in die behoeftes van Chineesspre-kende aanleerders van Frans, die hoofgebruikersgroep, het die GDCFC die lemmalys, sowel as die inligting oor Franse ekwivalente in terme van hul frekwensie, grammatika en register, uitgebrei. Om aan te pas by die behoeftes van Franssprekende aanleerders van Chinees, die sekondêre groep, het die GDCFC sommige trefwoorde wat geklassifiseer kan word as streeksvariante van Chinees ingesluit, en ook nuttige inligting oor die formulisme en plooibaarheid van Chinese karakters (in die besonder klassifiseerders), verskaf. Sommige ander kenmerke soos die aanduiding van woord-soort en ekwivalente in konteks, en die daarstelling van 'n semantiese netwerk van terminologie, is ontwerp om albei gebruikersgroepe daarby te laat baat vind. Die samestelling van hierdie woorde-boek het ook implikasies vir die samestelling van ander hulpbronbeperkte tweetalige woordeboeke.