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Abstract Legal reserve areas (LRAs) are a fundamental part of the Brazilian conservation strategy, together with permanent preservation areas. The LRAs are intended to maintain biodiversity and can be managed sustainably. When these areas are home to ecosystems that depend on fire and grazing, such as native grasslands and savannas, management practices that are suitable for their conservation and for dealing with the effects of global climate change should be adopted. However, this subject is still poorly discussed in Brazil, and public policies are not clear on this matter. This review article describes the grassland and savanna ecosystems in Brazil, the legal aspects related to the management of LRAs, the current and future climate scenarios, and the relationship between climate and fire risk. It also presents a review about the use of fire and grazing in grassland and savanna ecosystems, the legal challenges related to their application in LRAs, and the use of geotechnologies to monitor these practices. The conclusion is that grazing and fire, as management tools, are adequate for LRA functions, as long as they are practiced in accordance with legal and scientifically based standards to avoid the negative effects of their incorrect use. (LRAs strategy sustainably savannas adopted However Brazil matter scenarios risk tools functions

Resumo As áreas de reserva legal (ARLs) são parte fundamental da estratégia brasileira de conservação, juntamente com as áreas de preservação permanente. As ARLs são destinadas à manutenção da biodiversidade e podem ser manejadas de forma sustentável. Quando essas áreas abrigam ecossistemas dependentes de fogo e pastejo, como os campos nativos e as savanas, devem ser adotadas práticas de manejo adequadas à sua conservação e ao enfrentamento dos efeitos das mudanças climáticas globais. No entanto, esse assunto ainda é pouco discutido no Brasil, e as políticas públicas não são claras a esse respeito. Este artigo de revisão descreve os ecossistemas campestres e savânicos no Brasil, os aspectos legais relacionados com o manejo das ARLs, os cenários climáticos atuais e futuros, e a relação entre clima e risco de incêndios. Também apresenta uma revisão sobre o uso do fogo e do pastejo em ecossistemas campestres e savânicos, os desafios legais relativos à sua aplicação nas ARLs e o uso de geotecnologias no monitoramento destas práticas. Conclui-se que o pastejo e o fogo, como instrumentos de manejo, são adequados às funções das ARLs, desde que praticados segundo normas legais e cientificamente embasadas para evitar os efeitos negativos do seu uso equivocado. (ARLs permanente sustentável savanas globais entanto Brasil respeito futuros incêndios Concluise Conclui se equivocado

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2024.v59.03491

Prevalencia de anticuerpos contra SARS-CoV-2 en pacientes con cáncer y trabajadores de la salud vacunados con dos dosis de BNT162b2 o AZD122. Análisis de propensión
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Villaseñor-Echavarri, Rodrigo

; Rosa-Martínez, Daniel De la

; Frías-Jiménez, Emmanuel

; Martin-Onraet, Alexandra

; Cruz-Cruz, Alonso

; Herrera-Montalvo, Luis Alonso

; Vilar-Compte, Diana

Gaceta médica de México

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Ago 2023, Volume 159 Nº 4 Páginas 293 - 302

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Antecedentes: La vacunación es la intervención más efectiva para reducir la carga de enfermedad por SARS-CoV-2; sin embargo, persisten brechas en el conocimiento en relación con la respuesta inmunológica de los pacientes con cáncer (PC). Objetivos: Evaluar la respuesta humoral (anticuerpos anti-S) en PC y trabajadores de salud (TS) vacunados con dos dosis de la vacuna BNT162b2 o AZD122. Material y métodos: Se cuantificaron anticuerpos poliespecíficos contra la proteína de espiga de SARS-CoV-2 (anti-S) y se efectuó una puntuación de propensión 1:1 para equilibrar las características basales. Se realizaron regresiones logísticas múltiples para evaluar el efecto de las variables relacionadas con la respuesta humoral. Resultados: Se incluyeron 127 PC (22 %) y 439 TS (78 %). Ambas poblaciones desarrollaron anticuerpos anti-S en respuesta a la vacunación. La vacuna de ARNm (BNT162b2) se asoció a mayor probabilidad de mostrar concentraciones de anticuerpos anti-S ≥ 1000 UI/mL, mientras que el cáncer activo se relacionó con menor probabilidad de presentar títulos altos de anticuerpos. Conclusiones: La vacuna BNT162b2 se asoció a respuesta humoral mayor. Es necesario contar con más información y estrategias de vacunación en pacientes inmunosuprimidos. Es relevante la selección de los mejores biológicos para esta población y considerar las características individuales.

Abstract Background: Vaccination is the most effective intervention for reducing the burden of SARS-CoV-2-related disease; however, gaps in knowledge regarding cancer patients (CPs) immune response persist. Objectives: To evaluate the humoral response (anti-S antibodies) in CPs and healthcare workers (HCWs) vaccinated with two doses of BNT162b2 or AZD122 vaccines. Material and methods: Polyspecific anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (anti-S) antibodies were quantified, and a 1:1 propensity score was used to balance baseline characteristics. Multiple logistic regressions were carried out to evaluate the effect of humoral response-related variables. Results: One-hundred and twenty-seven CPs (22 %) and 439 HCWs (78 %) were included. Both populations developed anti-S antibodies in response to vaccination. The mRNA-based vaccine (BNT162b2) was associated with higher odds of having anti-S antibody titers ≥ 1,000 U/mL, while active cancer was related to a lower probability of developing high antibody titers. Conclusions: The BNT162b2 vaccine was associated with a higher humoral response. It is necessary for more information and vaccination strategies to be available for immunosuppressed patients in order to select the best biologics for this population based on individual characteristics.

https://doi.org/10.24875/gmm.m23000780

Cross-cultural invariance of the Spanish version of the COVID-19 Assessment Scorecard to measure the perception of government actions against COVID-19 in Latin America Crosscultural Cross cultural COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 COVID1 1 COVID-
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Caycho-Rodríguez, Tomás

; Valencia, Pablo D.

; Ventura-León, José

; Carbajal-León, Carlos

; Vilca, Lindsey W.

; Reyes-Bossio, Mario

; Delgado-Campusano, Mariel

; Yupanqui-Lorenzo, Daniel E.

; Paredes-Angeles, Rubí

; Rojas-Jara, Claudio

; Gallegos, Miguel

; Cervigni, Mauricio

; Martino, Pablo

; Polanco-Carrasco, Roberto

; Palacios, Diego Alejandro

; Moreta-Herrera, Rodrigo

; Samaniego-Pinho, Antonio

; Rivera, Marlon Elías Lobos

; Figares, Andrés Buschiazzo

; Puerta-Cortés, Diana Ximena

; Corrales-Reyes, Ibraín Enrique

; Calderón, Raymundo

; Gallegos, Walter L. Arias

; Petzold, Olimpia

; Camargo, Andrés

; Torales, Julio

; Blanco, J. Arkangel Monge

; González, Pedronel

; Smith-Castro, Vanessa

; Rivera, Wendy Yamilet Matute

; Ferrufino-Borja, Daniela

; Ceballos-Vásquez, Paula

; Muñoz-del-Carpio-Toia, Agueda

; Palacios, Jorge

; Burgos-Videla, Carmen

; León, Ana María Eduviges Florez

; Vergara, Ibeth

; Vega, Diego

; Barria-Asenjo, Nicol A.

; Schulmeyer, Marion K.

; Rios, Hassell Tatiana Urrutia

; Lira, Arelly Esther Lira

Psicologia: Reflexão e Crítica

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2023, Volume 36 elocation 34

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objectives The present study aimed to evaluate the measurement invariance of a general measure of the perception of governmental responses to COVID-|19 (COVID-SCORE-10) in the general population of 13 Latin American countries. Methods A total of 5780 individuals from 13 Latin American and Caribbean countries selected by non-probabilistic snowball sampling participated. A confirmatory factor analysis was performed and the alignment method was used to evaluate invariance. Additionally, a graded response model was used for the assessment of item characteristics. Results The results indicate that there is approximate measurement invariance of the COVID-SCORE-10 among the participating countries. Furthermore, IRT results suggest that the COVID-SCORE-10 measures with good psychometric ability a broad spectrum of the construct assessed, especially around average levels. Comparison of COVID-SCORE-10 scores indicated that participants from Cuba, Uruguay and El Salvador had the most positive perceptions of government actions to address the pandemic. Thus, the underlying construct of perception of government actions was equivalent in all countries. Conclusion The results show the importance of initially establishing the fundamental measurement properties and MI before inferring the cross-cultural universality of the construct to be measured. COVID|19 COVID19 COVID |19 19 COVID-|1 COVIDSCORE10 COVIDSCORE SCORE 10 (COVID-SCORE-10 1 578 nonprobabilistic non probabilistic participated Additionally characteristics COVID-SCORE-1 Furthermore assessed levels Cuba pandemic Thus crosscultural cross cultural measured COVID|1 COVID1 |1 COVID-| COVIDSCORE1 (COVID-SCORE-1 57 COVID-SCORE- COVID| | COVID- (COVID-SCORE- 5 COVID-SCORE (COVID-SCORE

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41155-023-00277-9

Efecto del hilt en el estado de anímo en personas con sobrepeso en un entrenamiento virtual y presencial
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Rojas-Ilama, Víctor Daniel

; Castro-Ramírez, María Laura

; Víquez-Arce, Rodrigo

; Jiménez-Díaz, Judith

; Montero-Herrera, Bryan

Pensar en Movimiento: Revista de ciencias del ejercicio y la salud

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Jun 2022, Volume 20 Nº 1 Páginas 9 - 26

Resumo: Es Pt En | Texto: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumen Rojas-Ilama, V., Castro-Ramírez, M.L., Víquez-Arce, R., Jiménez-Díaz. y Montero-Herrera, B. (2022). Efecto del HIIT en el estado anímico en personas con sobrepeso en un entrenamiento virtual y presencial. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-17. El principal objetivo fue comparar los efectos de una sesión HIIT de 35 minutos, en modalidad virtual y presencial, en los estados anímicos y en el esfuerzo percibido en personas con sobrepeso. Se reclutaron un total de 13 personas (5 hombres y 8 mujeres) con una edad promedio de 37.85 ± 13.20 años (rango entre 17 y 60 años) los cuales fueron asignados a cada una de las tres condiciones de manera aleatoria (control, entrenamiento presencial y entrenamiento virtual). Previo a, e inmediatamente después de cada una de las intervenciones, se aplicó el test POMS para medir los estados anímicos. En lo que respecta al esfuerzo percibido (EP), su medición se llevó a cabo finalizado cada uno de los ejercicios HIIT (no se evaluó durante el calentamiento y el retorno a la calma). Al aplicar un ANOVA de 2 vías de medidas repetidas (condición (3) x medición (2)), se encontró que tanto la tensión como el vigor después de haber aplicado el tratamiento presencial presentaron un aumento significativo; además, la tensión aumentó en la sesión virtual. Por su parte, los valores de EP reportados en las mediciones de las sesiones presencial y virtuales estuvieron por encima de lo sugerido en la literatura. En conclusión, una sesión de HIIT para personas con sobrepeso de manera presencial o virtual presenta resultados similares en los estados de ánimo, excepto el vigor, el cual incrementa solo en la condición presencial; las otras variables mostraron un comportamiento similar.

Resumo Rojas-Ilama, V., Castro-Ramírez, M.L., Víquez-Arce, R., Jiménez-Díaz. e Montero-Herrera, B. (2022). Efeito do HIIT no estado anímico de pessoas com sobrepeso em um treinamento virtual e presencial. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-17. O principal objetivo foi comparar os efeitos de uma sessão de HIIT de 35 minutos, em modalidades virtual e presencial, nos estados anímicos e no esforço percebido de pessoas com sobrepeso. Foram recrutadas um total de 13 pessoas (5 homens e 8 mulheres) com idade média de 37,85 ± 13,20 anos (faixa etária entre 17 e 60 anos) que foram designados a cada uma das três condições de maneira aleatória (controle, treinamento presencial e treinamento virtual). Antes e imediatamente depois de cada uma das intervenções, foi aplicado o teste POMS para medir os estados anímicos. Com relação ao esforço percebido (EP), a medição foi feita ao finalizar cada um dos exercícios HIIT (não foi avaliado durante o aquecimento e a volta à calma). Ao aplicar um ANOVA de 2 vias de medidas repetidas (condição (3) x medição (2)), observou-se que tanto a tensão quanto o vigor depois da aplicação do tratamento presencial aumentaram de maneira significativa; além disso, a tensão aumentou na sessão virtual. Por outro lado, os valores de EP relatados nas medições das sessões presenciais e virtuais estiveram acima do sugerido na literatura. Como conclusão, uma sessão de HIIT para pessoas com sobrepeso, seja presencial ou virtual, apresenta resultados semelhantes nos estados de ânimo, exceto o vigor, que aumento somente na condição presencial; as outras variáveis mostraram um comportamento semelhante.

Abstract Rojas-Ilama, V., Castro-Ramírez, M.L., Víquez-Arce, R., Jiménez-Díaz. & Montero-Herrera, B. (2022). Effects of HIIT on the mood of overweight people in virtual and face-to-face training. PENSAR EN MOVIMIENTO: Revista de Ciencias del Ejercicio y la Salud, 20(1), 1-17. The main objective was to compare the effects of 35-minute HIIT session, in both virtual and face-to- face modes, on the mood and the perceived effort of overweight people. A total 13 people (5 men and 8 women) were recruited, in an average age of 37.85 ± 13.20 years (17-60 year range), who were randomly assigned to each of the three conditions (control, face-to-face training, virtual training). Prior to and immediately after each of the interventions, the POMS test was applied in order to measure mood. The measuring of perceived effort (PE) was carried out at the end of each of the HIIT exercises (it was not assessed during warm-up or return to calm). When a 2-way repeated-measure ANOVA was applied (condition (3) x measurement (2)), it was found that both stress and vigor after applying face-to-face treatment showed a significant increase. In addition, stress increased in the virtual session. For their part, the PE values reported in the measurements of the face-to-face and virtual sessions were above those suggested in the literature. In conclusion, a HIIT session for overweight people, whether face-to-face or virtual, shows similar results in their moods, except for vigor, which only increases in the face-to-face situation. The other variables showed a similar behavior.

https://doi.org/10.15517/pensarmov.v20i1.49154

Demographic description and outcomes of a metropolitan network for myocardial infarction treatment
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Gopar-Nieto, Rodrigo

; Araiza-Garaygordobil, Diego

; Raymundo-Martínez, Grecia I.

; Martínez-Amezcua, Pablo

; Cabello-López, Alejandro

; Manzur-Sandoval, Daniel

; Chávez-Gómez, Nancy L.

; Loáisiga-Sáenz, Arnoldo E.

; Baeza-Herrera, Luis A.

; Dattoli-García, Carlos A.

; Gallardo-Grajeda, Leticia A.

; Jackson-Pedroza, Cynthia N.

; Salas-Teles, Brandon

; Arias-Mendoza, Alexandra

Archivos de cardiología de México

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Jun 2021, Volume 91 Nº 2 Páginas 167 - 177

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Objective: The objective of the study was to describe the myocardial infarction treatment network and compare in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing either primary angioplasty or pharmacoinvasive strategy in Mexico City and a broad metropolitan area. Methods: Cohort study including patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction. We recorded demographic and clinical data, laboratory tests and in-hospital mortality in patients that underwent primary angioplasty and pharmacoinvasive strategy. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess mortality and Cox-regression assessed mortality risk factors. Results: Three hundred forty patients from a network of 60 hospitals and 9 states were analyzed. Of the total population, 166 were treated with pharmacoinvasive strategy and 174 with primary angioplasty. Door to thrombolytic time was 54 min and door to wire crossing time was 72.5 min; no differences in total ischemia time were demonstrated. No differences for in-hospital mortality (6.3% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.49) were found when comparing pharmacoinvasive and primary angioplasty groups. The main predictors for in-hospital mortality were: glucose > 180 mg/dl (HR 3.73), total ischemia time > 420 min (HR 3.18), heart rate > 90 bpm (HR 5.46), Killip and Kimball > II (HR 11.03), and left ventricle ejection fraction < 40% (HR 3.21). Conclusions: This myocardial infarction network covers a large area and constitutes one of the biggest in the world. There were no differences regarding in-hospital mortality between pharmacoinvasive strategy and primary angioplasty. Pharmacoinvasive strategy is an effective and safe option for prompt reperfusion in Mexico.

Resumen Objetivo: Describir la red de atención de infarto agudo de miocardio y comparar los desenlaces intrahospitalarios en pacientes tratados con angioplastía coronaria o estrategia farmacoinvasiva en la Ciudad de México y su área metropolitana. Métodos: Estudio de cohorte que incluyó pacientes con infarto agudo de miocardio con elevación del segmento ST. Se recabaron datos demográficos y clínicos, así como estudios de laboratorio y mortalidad intrahospitalaria en los pacientes que fueron tratados con angioplastía coronaria o estrategia farmacoinvasiva. Se realizó un análisis de Kaplan-Meier para describir la mortalidad y un modelo de regresión de Cox para evaluar los factores asociados a mortalidad. Resultados: Se analizaron 340 pacientes provenientes de una red compuesta por 60 hospitales. Del total de la población, 166 fueron tratados con estrategia farmacoinvasiva y 174 con angioplastía primaria. El tiempo puerta-aguja fue 54 min. y el tiempo puerta-dispositivo de 72.5 min.; no se encontraron diferencias en el tiempo total de isquemia. Además, no existieron diferencias en la mortalidad intrahospitalaria (6.3% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.49) al comparar la estrategia farmacoinvasiva y la angioplastía primaria. Los principales predictores de mortalidad intrahospitalaria fueron: glucosa > 180 mg/dl (HR 3.73), tiempo total de isquemia > 420 min. (HR 3.18), frecuencia cardiaca > 90 lpm (HR 5.46), Killip and Kimball > II (HR 11.03) y fracción de eyección < 40% (HR 3.21). Conclusiones: En esta red de atención al infarto agudo de miocardio no se encontraron diferencias en la mortalidad intrahospitalaria entre la estrategia farmacoinvasiva y la angioplastia primaria. La estrategia farmacoinvasiva puede ser una alternativa efectiva y segura para lograr reperfusión adecuada en México.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.20000133 328 downloads

Extubación fallida postoperación de Norwood en pacientes con síndrome de hipoplasia de ventrículo izquierdo
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Herrera J., Adolfo

; Springmüller P., Daniel

; del Pozo B., Paulina

; Cerda L., Jaime

; Adasme J., Rodrigo

; Castillo M., Andrés

Revista chilena de pediatría

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Jun 2020, Volume 91 Nº 3 Páginas 391 - 397

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Introduction: Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is the main cause of mortality due to congenital heart disea se. The Norwood surgery is the first procedure of the surgical staging process towards a single ventri cle physiology or Fontan-type operation and has a mortality rate of 10% to 30%. Extubation failure during the postoperative period occurs in up to 18% of these patients and is associated with increased mortality. Objective: To describe extubation failure rates and risk factors in pediatric patients with HLHS who underwent Norwood procedure. Patients and Method: Case-control study that included all the patients with HLHS managed with Norwood surgery at the Hospital Clínico de la Pontificia Universidad Catolica between January 2000 and February 2018. Cases and controls were defined as patients with extubation failure and as patients without this complication, respectively. The following variables were recorded demographic, surgical, and post-surgical ones, and univariate and multivariate analyses (logistic regression) were performed to determine risk factors associated with extubation failure. Results: Out of 107 patients, 26 of them presented extubation failure (24.3%). In the univariate analysis, longer mechanical ventilation time during the postsurgical period, atelectasis, pleural effusion, chylothorax, other respiratory morbidities (i.e. apneas and tracheitis), and longer infusion times of morphine and midazolam, all were associated with a higher extubation failure rate in this population. In the multivariable analysis, chylothorax, other respiratory comorbidities, and longer infusion time of midazolam remained associated with this complication, however, it was not associated with higher mortality. Conclusions: Chylothorax, respiratory comorbidities, and longer use of Midazolam should be addressed before planning airway extubation in order to avoid failure.

Resumen: Introducción: En pacientes con Síndrome de Hipoplasia de Ventrículo Izquierdo (SHVI) la primera etapa hacia una fisiología univentricular de Fontan es la operación de Norwood, cuya mortalidad es 10-30%. En estos pacientes la extubación fallida se presenta en un 18% y se ha asociado a aumento de la mortali dad. Objetivo: Describir la frecuencia de extubación fallida y sus factores de riesgo en pacientes con SHVI operados (Norwood). Pacientes y Método: Estudio de casos y controles que incluyó a todos los pacientes con SHVI manejados con cirugía de Norwood en el Hospital Clínico de la Pontificia Universidad Católica (enero-2000 a febrero-2018). Se define como casos a pacientes con falla en la extubación y como controles a los pacientes sin esta complicación. Se registraron variables demográficas, quirúrgicas, y post-quirúrgicas, y se realizó análisis univariado y multivariado (regresión logística) para determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a la falla en la extubación. Resultados: De un total de 107 pacientes, 26 pacientes tuvieron extubación fallida (24,3%). En el análisis univariado los factores asociados a extubación fallida fueron: mayor tiempo de ventilación mecánica postquirúrgico, desarrollar atelectasias, derrame pleural, quilotórax, tener otras comorbilidades respiratorias (apnea y traqueítis), y mayor tiempo de uso de morfina y midazolam. En el análisis multivariado, la presencia de quilotórax, otras comorbilidades respiratorias, y mayor tiempo de uso de midazolam fueron variables asociadas a extubación fallida (p<0,03). La extubación fallida no se asoció a mayor mortalidad. Conclusiones: La presencia de quilotórax, complicaciones respiratorias y uso de mida zolam prolongado deben considerarse para definir el momento de la extubación, con el objetivo de evitar su fracaso.

https://doi.org/10.32641/rchped.v91i3.1167 426 downloads

ANÁLISIS DEL CONTENIDO DE BENCENO EN LAS GASOLINAS Y ESTIMACIÓN DE EMISIONES DE ESTE COMPUESTO AL AMBIENTE
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Alcántar González, Fabiola Selene

; Elizalde Segovia, Rodrigo

; Olvera Santos, María Guadalupe

; López Herrera, Daniel

; Cruz Gómez, M. Javier

Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental

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2020, Volume 36 Nº 2 Páginas 321 - 331

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Use of gasolines has a primordial interest in the ecological area, due to the emissions generated by combustion engines. In order to maintain a good air quality, it is necessary to control several gasoline quality parameters. Mexico City is a metropolis with 4 421 797 vehicles registered in 2014, therefore air quality problems are constantly present. Mexican gasoline quality specifications are regulated by Mexican Official Standard NOM-016-CRE-2016. Benzene, one of the compounds regulated by NOM-016-CRE-2016, is known to be a carcinogenic agent. Moreover, it is considered that the presence of benzene in gasoline can affect population health due to its volatility, which gets it to be in contact with the atmosphere and consequently with the population. In this work, the average amount of benzene present in gasoline commercialized in Mexico City was quantified by ASTM D5769-15. Results showed it was 0.361 % in Magna gasoline, whereas the average amount of benzene present in imported gasoline was 0.55 % and 1.28 % in the gasoline produced locally by PEMEX National Refineries System. This value was higher than imported and commercialized gasoline. In addition, the estimation of benzene emissions by mobile sources was 354.79 t during 2017.

RESUMEN El uso de gasolinas es un tema de gran interés en el ámbito ecológico debido a las emisiones que generan los automotores, por lo que el control de los parámetros que regulan la calidad de las gasolinas es necesario para mantener una buena calidad del aire. La Ciudad de México (CdMx) es una metrópoli con una flota vehicular registrada de 4 421 797 (2014), factor que influye en la calidad del aire. Las especificaciones de calidad de la gasolina en México están reguladas por la NOM-016-CRE-2016. Uno de los compuestos regulados por esta norma es el benceno, que se considera un agente carcinogénico. Se ha determinado que la presencia de benceno en la gasolina puede afectar la salud de la población, ya que al ser un compuesto volátil se evapora con gran facilidad, poniéndose en contacto con la atmósfera y por consecuencia con la población. En este trabajo se cuantificó la cantidad de benceno presente en las gasolinas que se comercializan en la CdMx mediante el uso de la técnica ASTM D5769-15 y se determinó que el contenido promedio de este compuesto fue de 0.361 % para la gasolina Magna, mientras que el contenido promedio de benceno en las gasolinas importadas fue de 0.55 %. En cuanto a las gasolinas producidas en el Sistema Nacional de Refinación, el contenido de benceno fue de 1.288 %, valor superior al de las gasolinas importadas y comercializadas en la CdMx. Asimismo, se estimó una emisión de 354.79 t de benceno durante 2017 debido al uso de automóviles en la CdMx.

https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.53402 1009 downloads

Memoria colectiva y paternalismo industrial. El caso de la población obrera sociedad explotadora de Tierra del Fuego, Punta Arenas, Chile
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Herrera O., Rodrigo

; Matus C., Daniel A.

; Ambrosetti G., Daniela L.

; Cvitanic D., Boris A.

Magallania (Punta Arenas)

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Dez 2019, Volume 47 Nº 2 Páginas 21 - 38

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract: Within the framework of expressions of industrial heritage in the south of Chile, the Sociedad Explotadora de Tierra del Fuego marked a presence that persists to this day in the city of Punta Arenas through the construction, in the 1950s, of a residential complex for the use of its workers and employees. An in-depth study of the Explotadora population, using blueprints and documentary archives, in addition to interviews and participatory workshops, gave an account of a social fabric that emerged from a particular urban and architectural proposal designed by the company, which remains alive in the memories and speeches of former and actual neighbors. The validity of this past in the present of its inhabitants informs about the paternalistic dynamics in the national industry, at their peak in the middle of the last century and that gradually declined from the 1980s onwards.

Resumen: En el marco de las expresiones de patrimonio industrial en el sur de Chile, la Sociedad Explotadora de Tierra del Fuego marcó una presencia que persiste hasta el día de hoy en la ciudad de Punta Arenas a través de la construcción, en la década de 1950, de un conjunto residencial para uso de sus obreros y empleados. Un estudio en profundidad de la Población Explotadora, a través del seguimiento de planos y archivos documentales, además de entrevistas y talleres participativos, permiten dar cuenta de un tejido social surgido al alero de una particular propuesta urbana y arquitectónica diseñada desde la empresa, el que aún permanece vivo en los discursos de memoria y recuerdos de vecinos y ex vecinos. La vigencia de este pasado en el presente de sus habitantes arroja elementos de análisis en torno a las dinámicas paternalistas en la industria nacional, que tuvieron su auge a mediados del siglo pasado y fueron decayendo paulatinamente a partir de la década de 1980.

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Efectos Morfológicos y Mecánicos en Ratas Sprague Dawley Sometidas a Ciclos de Hipoxia
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Conei, Daniel

; del-Sol, Mariano

; Muñoz-Cofré, Rodrigo

; Escobar-Cabello, Máximo

; Saavedra-P, Héctor

; Herrera, Emilio A

; García-Herrera, Claudio M

International Journal of Morphology

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Set 2019, Volume 37 Nº 3 Páginas 908 - 911

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

SUMMARY: Extensive periods of hypoxic cause adaptive changes that make it possible to respond to the demands imposed by the environment. However, there are cases where this exposure is intermittent, as is the case of workers in andean areas. The objective of this communication was to verify the morphological and mechanical effects on diaphragm and lungs of rats subjected to intermittent hypoxic. Four 6-monthold Sprague Dawley rats were used. Two rats were subjected to 10 cycles of intermittent hypobaric hypoxic (IHH) of 96 h (~428 torr, PO2 90 mm Hg), followed by 96 h of normobaric normoxia, for 80 days. Uniaxial traction and staining tests were performed with Hematoxylin-Eosin and Picrosirius red de Junqueira. When comparing the curves of the diaphragms, those subjected to hypoxic slightly reduce their effort with respect to the condition of normoxia, in the lung tissue the hypoxic negatively affects its resistance, these show a lower slope with respect to the normoxics. In the histological analysis, the pulmonary parenchyma had a lower number of blood vessels and cellularity, such as a greater area fraction of alveolar spaces and amount of total collagen in IHH group. In the diaphragm, IHH group had a lower number of irregularly distributed myocytes and a lower amount of total collagen. In conclusion, the main findings indicate that the diaphragm and lung tissue subjected to IHH undergo structural changes, which result in a decrease in tensile strength.

RESUMEN: Periodos extensos de hipoxia provocan cambios adaptativos que permiten responder a las demandas impuestas por el ambiente. Sin embargo, existen casos donde esta exposición es intermitente, como es el caso de los trabajadores en zonas andinas. El objetivo de esta comunicación fue comprobar los efectos morfológicos y mecánicos en diafragma y pulmones de ratas sometidas a la hipoxia intermitente. Se utilizaron 4 ratas Sprague Dawley de 6 meses de edad. Dos ratas fueron sometidas a 10 ciclos de hipoxia hipobárica intermitente (HHI) de 96 h (~428 torr; PO2 90 mm Hg), seguidos de 96 h de normoxia normobárica, durante 80 días. Se realizaron pruebas tracción uniaxial y de tinción con HematoxilinaEosina y Picrosirius red de Junqueira. Al comparar las curvas de los diafragmas, los sometidos a hipoxia reducen levemente su esfuerzo respecto a la condición de normoxia, en el tejido pulmonar la hipoxia afecta negativamente su resistencia, estas muestran una pendiente menor respecto a las normóxicas. En el análisis histológico, el parénquima pulmonar presentó menor cantidad de vasos sanguíneos y celularidad, como una mayor fracción de área de los espacios alveolares y cantidad de colágeno total en el grupo HHI. En el diafragma, el grupo HHI presentó menor cantidad de miocitos distribuidos irregularmente y de colágeno total. En conclusión, los principales hallazgos indican que el diafragma y el tejido pulmonar sometido a HHI sufren cambios estructurales, que se traducen en una disminución en su capacidad de resistencia tensil.

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10.

Etiologic role of root canal infection in apical periodontitis and its relationship with clinical symptomatology
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Gomes, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida

; Herrera, Daniel Rodrigo

Brazilian Oral Research

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2018, Volume 32 Supl. 1 elocation e69

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Evidence shows the polymicrobial etiology of endodontic infections, in which bacteria and their products are the main agents for the development, progression, and dissemination of apical periodontitis. Microbial factors in necrotic root canals (e.g., endotoxin) may spread into apical tissue, evoking and supporting a chronic inflammatory load. Thus, apical periodontitis is the result of the complex interplay between microbial factors and host defense against invasion of periradicular tissues. This review of the literature aims to discuss the complex network between endodontic infectious content and host immune response in apical periodontitis. A better understanding of the relationship of microbial factors with clinical symptomatology is important to establish appropriate therapeutic procedures for a more predictable outcome of endodontic treatment.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0069 10174 downloads

11.

Effect of Intermediate Flush Using Different Devices to Prevent Chemical Smear Layer Formation
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Silva, Camilla Corrêa

; Ferreira, Vivian Maria Durange

; De-Deus, Gustavo

; Herrera, Daniel Rodrigo

; Prado, Maíra do

; Silva, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal da

Brazilian Dental Journal

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Ago 2017, Volume 28 Nº 4 Páginas 447 - 452

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O presente estudo comparou o efeito da utilização de uma irrigação intermediária com água destilada usando a irrigação convencional, a microcânula EndoVac ou o sistema Self-Adjusting File (SAF) na prevenção de formação da smear-layer química (SLQ). Trinta pré-molares humanos foram utilizados. Os canais foram preparados com sistema Reciproc e irrigados com NaOCl a 5,25%. Após o preparo químico mecânico, as amostras foram divididas em 3 grupos (n=10) de acordo com o protocolo de irrigação intermediária com água destilada utilizado: irrigação convencional, a microcânula EndoVac ou SAF. Utilizou-se uma lavagem final com solução de clorexidina a 2% e a microscopia electrónica de varredura foi utilizada para avaliar a eficácia dos protocolos. Dois avaliadores calibrados atribuíram escores de acordo com a presença ou ausência de SLQ nas paredes do canal radicular nos terços coronal, médio e apical, como a seguir: (1) sem SLQ; (2) pequenas quantidades de SLQ; (3) SLQ moderada e (4) muita SLQ. As diferenças entre protocolos foram analisadas com testes de Kruskal-Wallis e Mann-Whitney U. Os testes Friedman e Wilcoxon foram utilizados para comparação entre cada terço do canal radicular. SAF resultou em menor formação de SLQ quando comparado com a irrigação convencional e a microcânula EndoVac (p<0,05). Quando os terços dos canais radiculares foram analisados, os grupos irrigação convencional e microcânula EndoVac apresentaram menor formação de SLQ nos terços coronal e médio em relação ao terço apical (p<0,05). No grupo SAF, não houve diferença entre os terços (p>0,05). Dentro dos resultados do presente estudo, pode-se concluir que um fluxo intermediário de água destilada, administrado pelo sistema SAF resultou em melhor redução da formação de SLQ durante o preparo químico mecânico.

Abstract This study compared the effect of intermediate flush with distilled water delivered by conventional irrigation, EndoVac microcannula or Self-Adjusting File (SAF) system in the prevention of chemical smear layer (CSL) formation. Thirty human premolars were used. Canals were prepared with Reciproc system and 5.25% NaOCl. After chemomechanical preparation, samples were divided in 3 groups (n=10) according to the intermediate irrigation protocol with distilled water using: conventional irrigation, EndoVac microcannula or SAF. A final flush with 2% chlorhexidine solution was used and scanning electron microscopy was performed to assess protocol effectiveness. Two calibrated evaluators attributed scores according the presence or absence of CSL on the surface of the root canal walls at the coronal, middle and apical thirds, as follows: (1) no CSL; (2) small amounts of CSL; (3) moderate CSL; and (4) heavy CSL. Differences between protocols were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Friedman and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used for comparison between each root canal third. SAF resulted in less formation of CSL when compared with the conventional irrigation and EndoVac microcannula (p<0.05). When root canal thirds were analyzed, conventional irrigation and EndoVac groups showed less CSL formation at coronal and middle thirds in comparison to the apical third (p<0.05). In SAF group, there was no difference among the thirds (p>0.05). It may be concluded that an intermediate flush of distilled water, delivered by the SAF system resulted in a better reduction of CSL formation during chemomechanical preparation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201701438 1427 downloads

12.

Alternativas clínicas para el tratamiento de dientes traumatizados con rizogénesis incompleta: una visión actualizada
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Cardoso Pereira, Andrea

; Herrera Morante, Daniel Rodrigo

; Correia Laurindo de Cerqueira Neto, Ana Carolina

; Yuri Nagata, Juliana

; Rocha Lima, Thiago Farias

; Soares, Adriana de Jesus

Revista Estomatológica Herediana

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Out 2016, Volume 26 Nº 4 Páginas 271 - 280

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Necrotic pulp of teeth with open apex leads to challenges in endodontic treatment because the anatomy of the root canal is incompletely formed with widely open apex, root walls thin and fragile and reduced root length. In these situations, four treatment options are available: 1) Apexification with periodic exchanges of intracanal medication (ICM), until radiographic evidence of apical closure; 2) Apexification without exchanges of ICM; 3) Apical barrier using mineral-trioxide-aggregate (MTA) or Biodentine; 4) Pulp revascularization. The endodontist should be attentive to the evolution of treatment techniques and dental materials, with their limitations and directions. This article reviews the literature on the different forms of treatment in cases of traumatized immature teeth, indicating the advantages, disadvantages and limitations of each one.

La necrosis pulpar en dientes con ápice abierto representa un desafio al tratamiento endodóntico. Esto debido a que la anatomía radicular se encuentra parcialmente formada, con ápices abiertos, paredes radiculares finas y frágiles, así como la longitud radicular reducida. En estas situaciones, cuatro opciones de tratamiento están disponibles: 1) Apexificación con renovación periódica de medicación intraconducto (MIC), hasta que sea posible observarradiográficamente el cierre apical; 2) Apexificación sin renovación de MIC; 3) Confección de una barrera apical utilizando agregado de trióxido mineral (MTA) o Biodentine; 4) Revascularización pulpar. El endodoncista debe estar atento a la evolución tanto de las técnicas de tratamiento como de los materiales dentales, conociendo sus indicaciones y limitaciones. Este artículo llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura sobre las diferentes formas de tratamiento en casos de dientes traumatizados con rizogénesis incompleta y necesidad de tratamiento endodóntico por necrosis pulpar, indicando las ventajas, desventajas y limitaciones de cada una.

13.

Antimicrobial activity and substantivity of Uncaria tomentosa in infected root canal dentin
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HERRERA, Daniel Rodrigo

; DURAND-RAMIREZ, Jorge Enrique

; FALCÃO, Amanda

; SILVA, Emmanuel João Leal Nogueira da

; SANTOS, Elizabete Brasil dos

; GOMES, Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida

Brazilian Oral Research

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2016, Volume 30 Nº 1 elocation e61

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyze the antimicrobial activity and substantivity of Uncaria tomentosa Willd DC (cat’s claw, CC) in root dentin contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis. Forty-eight human premolars were contaminated with E. faecalis (ATCC 29212) and randomly divided into four groups according to the irrigant used during chemomechanical preparation (CMP): CC group: 2% CC gel; CHX group: 2% chlorhexidine digluconate gel (CHX); NaOCl group: 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); and SS group: sterile saline (SS). Microbiological samples were collected before (S1) and after (S2) CMP and after 7 days (S3). Colony-forming units (CFU/mL) at the different sampling times and comparisons among the groups were statistically analyzed by Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests (p < 0.05). Significant bacterial reduction was achieved in all groups after CMP (p < 0.05). Results show no significant difference between S3 and S2 (p > 0.05) in the CC and CHX groups. Bacterial load was higher in S3 than in S2 samples (p < 0.05) in the NaOCl and SS groups. Our results suggest antibacterial effect of 2% CC gel against E. faecalis in infected dentin, in addition to antibacterial substantivity of 2% CC and 2% CHX up to 7 days.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2016.vol30.0061 2950 downloads

14.

Effectiveness of nano-calcium phosphate paste on sensitivity during and after bleaching: a randomized clinical trial
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LOGUERCIO, Alessandro Dourado

; TAY, Lidia Yileng

; HERRERA, Daniel Rodrigo

; BAUER, Jose

; REIS, Alessandra

Brazilian Oral Research

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2015, Volume 29 Nº 1 elocation 00294

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of in-office bleaching and associated tooth sensitivity on application of nano-calcium phosphate paste as desensitizing agent. Bleaching was performed with 35% hydrogen peroxide gel in 40 patients who were randomly divided into placebo and nano-calcium phosphate paste groups. Bleaching efficacy (BE) was evaluated using a value-oriented Vita shade guide. Tooth sensitivity was recorded using a numeric rating scale (0–4) during bleaching and up to 48 h after each session. The primary outcome of absolute risk of tooth sensitivity was compared using the Fisher’s exact test (α = 0.05). The intensity of tooth sensitivity and the efficacy of in-office bleaching were also statistically evaluated. No significant differences in absolute risk and intensity of tooth sensitivity were detected between the groups (p = 1.0 and p = 0.53, respectively). BE was also found to be similar between the groups (p = 0.67). Although the use of a nano-calcium phosphate paste associated with fluoride and potassium nitrate did not influence the whitening outcome, but it also did not reduce bleaching-induced tooth sensitivity.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2015.vol29.0099 4334 downloads

15.

Effectiveness of rotatory and reciprocating movements in root canal filling material removal
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SILVA, Emmanuel João Nogueira Leal

; ORLOWSKY, Nayra Bittencourt

; HERRERA, Daniel Rodrigo

; MACHADO, Ricardo

; KREBS, Renato Liess

; COUTINHO-FILHO, Tauby de Souza

Brazilian Oral Research

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2015, Volume 29 Nº 1 Páginas 01 - 06

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of reciprocating and rotary techniques for removing gutta-percha and sealer from root canals. Forty straight and oval single-rooted premolars were prepared up to size 30, filled with gutta-percha and sealer, and then randomly allocated to two experimental retreatment groups: ProTaper Retreatment System (PTRS) and WaveOne System (WS). Procedural errors, time of retreatment and apically extruded material were recorded for all the roots. The roots were radiographed after retreatment. The percentage of residual material was calculated using image analysis software. The data were analyzed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov and t tests, with a significance level set at 5%. No system completely removed the root filling material from the root canal. No significant differences were observed between the systems, in terms of residual filling material in any tested third (p > 0.05). WS was faster in removing filling material than PTRS (p< 0.05). Extrusion was observed in 4 cases in PTRS and in 5 cases in WS. No procedural errors were observed in either group. It can be concluded that although no differences were observed in the efficacy of PTRS and WS for removing root filling material, WS was faster than PTRS.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-3107BOR-2015.vol29.0008 5918 downloads

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