Abstract Introduction Tonsillectomy is one of the most common operations performed by otorhinolaryngology surgeons worldwide; however, the insufficient quality of the postoperative pain management and effective posttonsillectomy pain relief remain a clinical dilemma. Objective To evaluate the efficacy of applying bismuth iodine paraffin paste (BIPP) to the dissected fossa as an adjuvant therapy for a better outcome in terms of posttonsillectomy pain management and due to its wound healing properties. Methods The present is a prospective randomized control pilot study with 44 patients aged > 7 years who underwent tonsillectomy. The patients were divided into two groups: the control group and the group that had BIPP applied to the dissected tonsillar fossa. The visual analogue scale score and the post-onsillectomy percentage of tonsillar fossa epithelization were recorded and evaluated. Results Both subjectively and objectively, there a was statistically significant pain-relieving effect in the BIPP group within the first 5 postoperative days (p < 0.05). From postoperative day 3 onward, the dissected area of the tonsillar fossa healed significantly faster in the BIPP group compared with the control group, and it became stable on day 14. Conclusion The topical application of BIPP showed a better pain-relieving effect, it was safe, and hastened wound healing after tonsillectomy. worldwide however dilemma (BIPP properties 4 tonsillectomy groups postonsillectomy post onsillectomy evaluated objectively painrelieving relieving p 0.05. 005 0.05 . 0 05 0.05) onward 14 safe 00 0.0 1 0.

Abstract Objective To evaluate the prevalence of polyps and their treatments. Materials and Method This is a retrospective study conducted in our department over 20 years and 3 months between January 2000 and March 2021. All patients with colorectal polyps who underwent endoscopic resection were included. We evaluated the resection techniques and the management of complications. Results The total number of patients was 273, with a mean age of 57.26 ± 14.058 (18–90) and a M/W sex ratio of 2. The prevalence was 3.35% and the mean number of polyps was 1.33 ± 0.69. The most frequent symptoms were rectal bleeding (23.5%) and constipation (12.1%). The median size was 6 mm (4–12 mm). The left colonic location was the most frequent site (43%). All polyps were classified according to the Paris classification, with a predominance of sessile polyps in 45.75%, followed by pedunculated polyps, representing 42.4%. Endoscopic resection was performed either by biopsy forceps, polypectomy, or mucosectomy in 30.2%, 27.4%, and 25.4% of cases, respectively. Our study noted immediate bleeding in 1.5% of cases, and no perforations or late complications. All complications were treated endoscopically, and no patient required blood transfusion or surgical intervention. Conclusion Endoscopic resection of rectocolic polyps is the ideal treatment for these lesions. In our department, the prevalence was 3.35%, the most used resection techniques were forceps resection and polypectomy, and the complication rate was 1.5%. treatments 2 200 2021 included 273 5726 57 26 57.2 14058 14 058 14.05 18–90 1890 18 90 (18–90 MW M W 335 35 3.35 133 1 33 1.3 069 0 69 0.69 23.5% 235 23 5 (23.5% 12.1%. 121 12.1% . 12 (12.1%) 4–12 412 4 (4–1 mm. mm) 43%. 43 43% (43%) classification 4575 45 75 45.75% 424 42 42.4% polypectomy 302 30 30.2% 274 27 27.4% 254 25 25.4 cases respectively 15 1.5 endoscopically intervention lesions 202 572 57. 1405 05 14.0 18–9 189 9 (18–9 3.3 13 1. 06 0.6 23.5 (23.5 12.1 (12.1% 4–1 41 (4– (43% 457 7 45.75 42.4 30.2 27.4 25. 140 14. 18– (18– 3. 0. 23. (23. 12. (12.1 4– (4 (43 45.7 42. 30. 27. (18 (23 (12. ( 45. (1 (2 (12

Background: Successful diabetes treatment requires commitment and understanding of disease management by the patients. Objective: This trial aimed to evaluate the programme effectiveness of home medication review by community pharmacists (HMR-CP) in optimising diabetes care and reducing medication wastage. Methods: A randomised controlled trial was conducted on 166 patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) who were randomly assigned to the intervention or control groups. The intervention group received HMR-CP at 0-month, 3-month, and 6-month. The primary outcome was haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) while clinical outcomes, anthropometric data, and humanistic outcomes were the secondary outcomes. For the intervention group, drug-related problems (DRP) were classified according to the Pharmaceutical Care Network Europe Foundation (PCNE). Medication adherence was determined based on the Pill Counting Adherence Ratio (PCAR). The cost of medication wastage was calculated based on the total missed dose by the T2DM patients multiplied by the cost of medication. General linear model and generalised estimating equations were used to compare data across the different time-points within and between the groups, respectively. Results: No significant difference was observed in the demographic and anthropometric data at baseline between the two groups except for fasting blood glucose (FBG). There was a significant reduction in the HbA1c (-0.91%) and FBG (-1.62mmol/L) over the study period (p<0.05). A similar observation was noted in diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and total cholesterol (TC) but not in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and anthropometric parameters. Both utility value and Michigan Diabetes Knowledge Test (MDKT) scores increased significantly over time. As for the intervention group, significant changes in PCAR (p<0.001) and the number of DRP (p<0.001) were noted. Conclusions: HMR-CP significantly improved the glycaemic control, QoL, medication adherence, and knowledge of T2DM patients as well as reduced the number of DRP and cost of medication wastage. However, the impact of HMR-CP on certain clinical and anthropometric parameters remains inconclusive and further investigation is warranted.

RESUMO O presente estudo foi realizado para determinar a prevalência geral de toxoplasmose em pavões de plumagem diferente e seu efeito nas enzimas de teste da função hepática dos hospedeiros. Um total de cem pavões de plumas diferenciais, como ombro preto (n = 52), azul (n = 28), branco (n = 10) e arlequim (n = 10) foram estudados no zoológico de Bahawalpur, no Paquistão, usando o Latex Agglutination Test (LAT) e ensaio imunossorvente ligado a enzima (ELISA). A prevalência geral por LAT e ELISA foi de 37% e 30%, respectivamente. Por LAT, observou-se uma prevalência não significativamente maior (P≥0,05) em gênero (37,77%) nos machos do que nas fêmeas (36,36%), enquanto os adultos apresentaram uma prevalência maior (37,97%) em relação aos jovens (33,33%). De acordo com o ELISA, uma prevalência significativamente (P <0,05) maior (35,55%) foi observada nos machos do que nas fêmeas (25,45%) e significativamente (P <0,05) maior prevalência (31,64%) foi registrada nos adultos do que nos jovens (23,80%). A análise do perfil bioquímico sérico mostrou que o nível de bilirrubina não teve elevação significativa nos hospedeiros infectados, em comparação aos não infectados, enquanto a concentração de albumina, alanina aminotransferase (ALT), aspartato aminotransferase (AST), fosfatase alcalina (ALP) foi significativamente (P <0,05) diferente nos hospedeiros infectados. Conclui-se que a toxoplasmose afeta as enzimas do teste da função hepática. Essa é uma pesquisa preliminar e requer mais pesquisas em todo o país, com populações e amostras maiores.

ABSTRACT Studies aiming at improving the activity and stability of dispersed W and Mo containing Pt catalysts for the CO tolerance in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) anodes are revised for the following catalyst systems: (1) a carbon supported PtMo electrocatalyst submitted to heat treatments; (2) Pt and PtMo nanoparticles deposited on carbon-supported molybdenum carbides (Mo2C/C); (3) ternary and quaternary materials formed by PtMoFe/C, PtMoRu/C and PtMoRuFe/C and; (4) Pt nanoparticles supported on tungsten carbide/carbon catalysts and its parallel evaluation with carbon supported PtW catalyst. The heat-treated (600 oC) Pt-Mo/C catalyst showed higher hydrogen oxidation activity in the absence and in the presence of CO and better stability, compared to all other Mo-containing catalysts. PtMoRuFe, PtMoFe, PtMoRu supported on carbon and Pt supported on Mo2C/C exhibited similar CO tolerances but better stability, as compared to as-prepared PtMo supported on carbon. Among the tungsten-based catalysts, tungsten carbide supported Pt catalyst showed reasonable performance and reliable stability in comparison to simple carbon supported PtW catalyst, though an uneven level of catalytic activity towards H2 oxidation in presence of CO is observed for the former as compared to Mo containing catalyst. However, a small dissolution of Mo, Ru, Fe and W from the anodes and their migration toward cathodes during the cell operation is observed. These results indicate that the fuel cell performance and stability has been improved but not yet totally resolved.

Aluminium (Al) samples were nitrided in 13.56 MHz radiofrequency (RF) discharge of 70:30 vol.% Ar:N2 mixture at substrate temperature of 400 °C and RF power of 300 W for different fill pressures and treatment times. The nitrided samples were then characterized for their structural and mechanical properties using x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Vickers micro hardness testing. XRD peaks (110), (111) and (200) of aluminium nitride (AlN) and their downshift confirmed the nitride formation together with nitrogen diffusion. The metastable cubic phase (c-AlN) shows texture growth and re-orientation dependent on fill pressure and treatment time. SEM micrographs showed the surface morphology with micro-pores. EDS results showed that the nitrogen content was significantly increased with nitriding time, along with the removal of oxides. Vickers hardness of the Al surface was increased more than thrice for 30 hours nitriding.

Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are beneficial bacteria, which can enhance the growth of the plants, when applied to crops. A pot experiment was conducted to examine the effect of six PGPR isolates on the growth of wheat. Inoculation with rhizobacterial isolates increased the all measured physical, chemical and enzymatic growth parameters compared to control (CK). However, the WAN1 isolate had the highest effect, and significantly (P < 0.05) increased the root length (3.51-fold), shoot length (3.22-fold), seedling fresh (3.41-fold) and dry (3.91-fold) weight, chlorophyll a (3.90-fold), chlorophyll b (3.51-fold), carotenoid contents (7.23-fold), plant macronutrient uptake i.e. N (7.20-fold, 6.71-fold), P (7.41-fold, 5.01-fold), K (5.51-fold, 3.91-fold), Ca (6.40-fold, 5.21-fold) and Mg (5.82-fold, 7.11-fold) in shoot and root, plant micronutrient uptake i.e. Zn (6.40-fold, 9.11-fold), Cu (7.31-fold, 7.02-fold), Fe (6.41-fold, 7.52-fold) and Mn (4.57-fold, 5.21-fold) in shoot and root and plant antioxidant enzymes i.e. glutathione S-transferase (7.51-fold), peroxidase (5.21-fold) and catalase (5.01-fold) respectively. Our results revealed that inoculation of agricultural crops with PGPR is a very useful approach to increase the plant growth. The ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) enrichment technique is an efficient approach to select promising PGPR. The PGPR containing dual abilities i.e. both ACC-deaminase and nitrogen fixing ability are more effective than PGPR possessing either ACC-deaminase or nitrogen fixing activity alone for growth promotion of crops.