A series of novel thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their biological ability. 2-Amino-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-d]pyrano-3-cyanonitrile was synthesized by Gewald reaction using pyranone as substrate, malonitrile and sulfur powder as raw materials and triethylamine as base at room temperature. Subsequent amination with N,N-dimethylformamide dimethyl acetal (DMF-DMA) gave N'-(3-cyano-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylmethanimidamide. In this article, the 23 thieno[2,3-d] pyrimidines were obtained by Dimroth rearrangement condensation with different anilines, 16 of them being new compounds. Meanwhile, all compounds were assessed for breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line bioactivity with paclitaxel (PTX) as the positive control, and all compounds in the series showed inhibitory effects on breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231. The IC50 of compound l against MDA-MB-231 is 27.6 μM, which is similar to that of PTX with an IC50 of 29.3 μM. This means that compound l exhibits comparable inhibitory activity to PTX in MDA-MB-231 cells and may be considered as a potential anti-MDA-MB-231 inhibitor. thieno2,3dpyrimidine thieno23dpyrimidine thienodpyrimidine thieno 2,3 d pyrimidine 2 3 designed ability 2Amino4,7dihydro5Hthieno2,3dpyrano3cyanonitrile 2Amino47dihydro5Hthieno23dpyrano3cyanonitrile AminodihydroHthienodpyranocyanonitrile Amino 4,7 dihydro 5H pyrano cyanonitrile 4 7 H substrate temperature N,Ndimethylformamide NNdimethylformamide N,N dimethylformamide N DMFDMA DMF DMA (DMF-DMA N3cyano4,7dihydro5Hthieno2,3cpyran2ylN,Ndimethylmethanimidamide. N3cyano47dihydro5Hthieno23cpyran2ylNNdimethylmethanimidamide NcyanodihydroHthienocpyranylNNdimethylmethanimidamide cyano c pyran yl dimethylmethanimidamide. dimethylmethanimidamide N'-(3-cyano-4,7-dihydro-5H-thieno[2,3-c]pyran-2-yl)-N,N-dimethylmethanimidamide article thieno2,3d thieno23d thienod thieno[2,3-d anilines 1 Meanwhile MDAMB231 MDAMB MDA MB 231 MDA-MB-23 (PTX control MDAMB231. 231. IC IC5 276 27 6 27. μM 293 29 29. antiMDAMB231 antiMDAMB anti anti-MDA-MB-23 inhibitor thieno2 3dpyrimidine dpyrimidine 2, 2Amino4 7dihydro5Hthieno2 3dpyrano3cyanonitrile Hthieno dpyrano 47 4, Ndimethylformamide NN N3cyano4 3cpyran2ylN Ndimethylmethanimidamide cpyran ylN N3cyano4,7dihydro5Hthieno2,3cpyran2ylN,Ndimethylmethanimidamide ylNNdimethylmethanimidamide 3d MDAMB23 MDA-MB-2 antiMDAMB23 anti-MDA-MB-2 2Amino dihydroHthieno 7dihydro5Hthieno dpyranocyanonitrile Ncyano N3cyano cpyranylN MDAMB2 MDA-MB- antiMDAMB2 anti-MDA-MB- MDA-MB anti-MDA-MB

Abstract Background: Although cerebral palsy is a risk factor for aspiration, there is insufficient research on residual gastric volume after preoperative fasting in children with cerebral palsy. We evaluated the incidence of a full stomach by ultrasound assessment of the gastric volume in children with cerebral palsy who underwent orthopedic surgery after preoperative fasting. Methods: The patients fasted for 8 h for solid foods and 2 h for clear liquids. We obtained the gastric antral cross-sectional area using ultrasound in the semi-recumbent and right lateral decubitus positions. A calculated stomach volume > 1.5 mL.kg−1 was considered as full, which poses a high aspiration risk. The primary outcome was the incidence of full stomach, and the secondary outcomes were the qualitative gastric volume, correlation of disease severity categorized according to the Gross Motor Function Classification System with the residual gastric volume, gastric volume per body weight, and qualitative gastric volume. Results: Thirty-seven pediatric patients with cerebral palsy, scheduled for elective orthopedic surgery, were included for analysis. Full-stomach status was observed in none, and the gastric volume per body weight was 0.5 (0.4–0.7) mL.kg−1. No significant differences were observed in the residual gastric volume (p = 0.114), gastric volume per body weight (p = 0.117), or qualitative grade of gastric volume (p = 0.642) in relation to disease severities. Conclusion: Children with cerebral palsy who fasted preoperatively had empty or nearly empty stomachs. Further studies are required to determine the optimal fasting duration for such children. Background Methods liquids crosssectional cross sectional semirecumbent semi recumbent positions 15 1 5 1. mLkg1 mLkg mL kg mL.kg− Results Thirtyseven Thirty seven analysis Fullstomach Full none 05 0 0. 0.4–0.7 0407 4 7 (0.4–0.7 p 0.114, 0114 0.114 , 114 0.114) 0.117, 0117 0.117 117 0.117) 0.642 0642 642 severities Conclusion stomachs mL.kg 0.4–0. 040 (0.4–0. 011 0.11 11 0.64 064 64 0.4–0 04 (0.4–0 01 0.1 0.6 06 6 0.4– (0.4– 0.4 (0.4 (0. (0 (

Abstract Objectives: Lung cancer was one of the most common malignancies around the world. It has great significance in to search for the mechanism of occurrence and development of lung cancer. LIM Domain Binding protein 2 (LDB2) belongs to the LIM-domain binding family, it can be used as a binding protein that combined with other transcription factors to form the transcription complex for regulating the expression of target genes. The expression of microRNA-96-5p (miR-96-5p) has been investigated in various tumors. The aim of this study is to investigate the potential role of LDB2 and miR-96-5p in lung cancer. Methods: Real-time quantitative PCR was applied to detect the expression of LDB2 and miR-96-5p. The proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of H1299 cells were analyzed by CCK8, transwell, and wound healing assay after LDB2 or miR-96-5p transfection. Luciferase activities assay and western blot were used to reveal the targeted regulation between LDB2 and miR-96-5p. Results: Here the authors found LDB2 was down-regulated in lung cancer tissues and negatively correlated with miR-96-5p expression, it could promote or inhibit the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of H1299 cells after LDB2 knockdown or overexpression and regulate the expression of cyclinD1, MMP9, Bcl-2, and Bax via ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Furthermore, miR-96-5p exerted its function by directly binding to 3′-UTR of LDB2 and regulating expression of LDB2. miR-96-5p could promote the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of H1299 cells. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that LDB2 can act as a new regulator to inhibit cell proliferation, invasion, and metastasis via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and miR-96-5p may be a potential promising molecular by targeting LDB2 in lung cancer. Objectives world LDB (LDB2 LIMdomain domain family genes microRNA965p microRNAp microRNA 96 5p p miR965p miRp miR (miR-96-5p tumors Methods Realtime Real time miR965p. 5p. proliferation H H129 CCK8 CCK transwell transfection Results downregulated down regulated cyclinD1 cyclinD MMP9 MMP Bcl2, Bcl2 Bcl 2, Bcl-2 ERK12 ERK ERK1 ERK1/ pathway Furthermore 3′UTR 3UTR UTR 3′ 3 Conclusion (LDB 9 H12 Bcl- H1

Abstract Cordyceps militaris stromata on Antheraea pernyi pupae contain various active components, including cordycepin, adenosine, polysaccharides, and amino acids. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the liquid culture conditions for C. militaris before its injection into A. pernyi pupae. A pH of 7.56 ± 0.02, a culture temperature of 20.5 ± 0.1 °C, a culture time of 110.5 ± 0.5 h, and a KH2PO4 concentration of 1.11 ± 0.01 g l−1 resulted in a C. militaris dry weight of 1.0226 g l−1. Experimental and predicted values were similar. The RSM optimization increased the number of fruiting bodies (17 to 22) and the average fruiting body length (6.9 cm to 7.9 cm), while also deepening the yellow colouration of the fruiting bodies. The adenosine, cordycepin, polysaccharide, carotenoid, and cordycepic acid contents increased by 12.52%, 7.67%, 3.03%, 14.93%, and 0.02%, respectively, after the optimization. However, the optimization did not alter the number of different amino acids (18) or the total amino acid content, even though the contents of certain amino acids changed somewhat. These finding may be useful for increasing the yield of C. militaris stromata on A. pernyi pupae, which will increase the profitability of C. militaris production. components cordycepin adenosine polysaccharides (RSM C 756 7 56 7.5 002 0 02 0.02 205 20 5 20. 01 1 0. °C 1105 110 110. 05 h KHPO KH PO KH2PO 111 11 1.1 001 0.0 l1 l l− 10226 0226 1.022 similar 17 (1 22 6.9 69 6 9 (6. 79 7. cm, , cm) polysaccharide carotenoid 1252 12 52 12.52% 767 67 7.67% 303 3 03 3.03% 1493 14 93 14.93% 0.02% respectively However 18 (18 content somewhat production 75 00 2 1. 1022 022 1.02 ( 6. (6 125 12.52 76 7.67 30 3.03 149 14.93 102 1.0 12.5 7.6 3.0 14.9 10 12. 3. 14.

Abstract In this study, we incorporated gallic acid (GA) and salicylic acid (SA) onto chitosan (CS) using free radical grafting initiated by hydrogen peroxide/Vitamin C (H2O2/Vc) redox system. We characterized the structural properties of the GA (CS-GA) and SA (CS-SA) derivatives using UV–vis absorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and thermal stability analysis. We proved that these phenolic acids were successfully grafted onto the molecular skeleton of CS. We investigated the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of CS-GA and CS-SA and found that they had significantly higher antioxidant and antibacterial properties than native CS. Furthermore, the antioxidant ability increased with the increase in grafting ratios. Finally, in vivo tests showed that CS-GA could maintain the firmness and the content of soluble solids and titratable acids in Saimaiti apricots at cool storage. The storage period was prolonged by inhibiting the respiratory intensity of apricots. Our results suggest that CS-GA can be potentially used as an edible coating material to preserve apricots. study (GA (SA CS (CS peroxideVitamin peroxide Vitamin H2O2/Vc H2O2Vc HOVc H2O2 Vc H O (H2O2/Vc system CSGA (CS-GA CSSA (CS-SA UVvis UV vis absorption FTIR, FTIR , (FTIR) Xray X ray XRD, XRD (XRD) NMR, NMR (NMR) analysis Furthermore ratios Finally HO H2O (FTIR (XRD (NMR

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar a eficácia da medicina tradicional chinesa (MTC) no tratamento da incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE) feminina. Método: Foram realizadas pesquisas de artigos publicados até setembro de 2022 nas bases de dados PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang e VIP. As variáveis foram analisadas por meio da diferença de média ponderada (DMP), da diferença média padronizada (DMP), da razão de chances (RC) e do intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95%. Resultados: Esta pesquisa envolveu oito estudos, contando com a participação de 744 pacientes. Os resultados indicam que a terapia da medicina tradicional chinesa (MTC) apresentou melhorias significativas nos resultados clínicos de pacientes com incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE) (RM = 2.90, IC de 95%: 1.92–4.37, P = 0.000), ao reduzir a pontuação do Questionário Internacional sobre a Incontinência Urinária – Versão Breve (ICIQ-SF) (Diferença de Média Ponderada = –2.41, IC de 95%: –2.83– –1.98, P = 0.000), assim como na diminuição do volume de urina na 1 hora de vazamento do absorvente urinário (Diferença de Média Ponderada = –1.86, IC de 95%: –2.23– –1.49, P = 0.000) e no aumento da pressão máxima de encerramento uretral (PMCU) (Diferença Média Padronizada = 0.86, IC de 95%: 0.61–1.11, P = 0.000). Conclusão: A terapia da medicina tradicional chinesa (MTC) é eficaz na melhoria dos sintomas da incontinência urinária, na urodinâmica e na qualidade de vida em pacientes com incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE). Este artigo fornece uma referência para a aplicação da terapia da MTC em mulheres com incontinência urinária. Objetivo (MTC IUE (IUE feminina Método 202 PubMed Cochrane Science Embase CNKI VIP DMP, DMP , (DMP) RC (RC (IC 95 95% Resultados estudos 74 RM 290 2 90 2.90 192437 92 4 37 1.92–4.37 0.000, 0000 0.000 0 000 ICIQSF ICIQ SF (ICIQ-SF Diferença 241 41 –2.41 283 83 –2.83 198 98 –1.98 186 86 –1.86 223 23 –2.23 149 49 –1.49 PMCU (PMCU 086 0.86 061111 61 11 0.61–1.11 0.000. . Conclusão IUE. 20 (DMP 9 7 29 2.9 19243 3 1.92–4.3 0.00 00 24 –2.4 28 8 –2.8 19 –1.9 18 –1.8 22 –2.2 14 –1.4 08 0.8 06111 6 0.61–1.1 2. 1924 1.92–4. 0.0 –2. –1. 0. 0611 0.61–1. 192 1.92–4 –2 –1 061 0.61–1 1.92– 06 0.61– 1.92 0.61 1.9 0.6 1.

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Method: PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP databases were searched for articles published up to September 2022. Variables were analyzed using weighted mean difference (WMD), standardized mean difference (SMD), odds ratios (OR), and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Eight studies containing 744 patients were included in this study. The results demonstrate that TCM therapy had more advantages in improving the clinical outcome of SUI patients (OR = 2.90, 95%CI:1.92–4.37, P = 0.000), reducing the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form (ICIQ-SF) score (WMD = –2.41, 95%CI:–2.83– –1.98, P = 0.000), reducing 1-h urinary pad leakage urine volume (WMD = –1.86, 95%CI:–2.23– –1.49, P = 0.000) and increasing Maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) (SMD = 0.86, 95%CI: 0.61–1.11, P = 0.000). Conclusion: TCM therapy is effective in improving urinary incontinence symptoms, urodynamics, and quality of life in patients with SUI. This article provides a reference for the application of TCM therapy in women with urinary incontinence. Objectives (TCM . (SUI) Method PubMed Cochrane Science Embase CNKI Wanfang 2022 WMD, WMD , (WMD) SMD, SMD (SMD) OR, OR (OR) 95 CI. CI (CI) Results 74 study 290 2 90 2.90 95%CI1.92–4.37, 95CI192437 95%CI 1.92–4.37, 1 92 4 37 95%CI:1.92–4.37 0.000, 0000 0.000 0 000 ShortForm Short Form ICIQSF ICIQ SF (ICIQ-SF 241 41 –2.41 95%CI–2.83– 95CI283 –2.83– 83 95%CI:–2.83 198 98 –1.98 1h h 186 86 –1.86 95%CI–2.23– 95CI223 –2.23– 23 95%CI:–2.23 149 49 –1.49 MUCP (MUCP 086 0.86 95CI 061111 61 11 0.61–1.11 0.000. Conclusion symptoms urodynamics (SUI 202 9 (CI 7 29 2.9 CI1 95%CI1.92–4.37 95CI19243 192437 1.92–4.37 3 95%CI:1.92–4.3 0.00 00 24 –2.4 95%CI–2.83 95CI28 283 –2.83 8 95%CI:–2.8 19 –1.9 18 –1.8 95%CI–2.23 95CI22 223 –2.23 95%CI:–2.2 14 –1.4 08 0.8 06111 6 0.61–1.1 20 2. 95%CI1.92–4.3 95CI1924 19243 1.92–4.3 95%CI:1.92–4. 0.0 –2. 95%CI–2.8 95CI2 28 –2.8 95%CI:–2. –1. 95%CI–2.2 22 –2.2 0. 0611 0.61–1. 95%CI1.92–4. 95CI192 1924 1.92–4. 95%CI:1.92–4 –2 95%CI–2. 95%CI:–2 –1 061 0.61–1 95%CI1.92–4 95CI19 192 1.92–4 95%CI:1.92– – 95%CI–2 95%CI:– 06 0.61– 95%CI1.92– 95CI1 1.92– 95%CI:1.92 95%CI– 0.61 95%CI1.92 1.92 95%CI:1.9 0.6 95%CI1.9 1.9 95%CI:1. 95%CI1. 1. 95%CI:1 95%CI1

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar la eficacia de la medicina tradicional china (MTC) en el tratamiento de la incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) femenina. Método: Se llevaron a cabo búsquedas de artículos publicados hasta septiembre de 2022 en las bases de datos PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, Wanfang y VIP. Las variables se analizaron mediante la diferencia de medias ponderada (DMP), la diferencia de medias estandarizada (DME), la razón de momios (RM) y el intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%. Resultados: Este estudio incluyó ocho investigaciones con la participación de 744 pacientes. Los resultados indican que la terapia de medicina tradicional china (MTC) presentó mejoras significativas en los resultados clínicos de pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) (RM = 2.90, IC del 95%: 1.92–4.37, P = 0.000), al reducir la puntuación del Cuestionario Internacional sobre la Incontinencia y su impacto en la calidad de vida (ICIQ-SF) (DMP = –2.41, IC del 95%: –2.83– –1.98, P = 0.000), así como la disminución del volumen de orina a la 1 hora de fuga de la almohadilla urinaria (DMP = –1.86, IC del 95%: –2.23– –1.49, P = 0.000) y el aumento de la presión de cierre uretral máxima (PCUM) (DME = 0.86, IC del 95%: 0.61–1.11, P = 0.000). Conclusión: La terapia de medicina tradicional china (MTC) resulta efectiva en la mejora de los síntomas de la incontinencia urinaria, la urodinámica y la calidad de vida en pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE). Este artículo ofrece una referencia para la aplicación de la terapia de MTC en mujeres con incontinencia urinaria. Objetivo (MTC IUE (IUE femenina Método 202 PubMed Cochrane Science Embase CNKI VIP DMP, DMP , (DMP) DME, DME (DME) RM (IC 95 95% Resultados 74 290 2 90 2.90 192437 92 4 37 1.92–4.37 0.000, 0000 0.000 0 000 ICIQSF ICIQ SF (ICIQ-SF 241 41 –2.41 283 83 –2.83 198 98 –1.98 186 86 –1.86 223 23 –2.23 149 49 –1.49 PCUM (PCUM 086 0.86 061111 61 11 0.61–1.11 0.000. . Conclusión IUE. 20 9 7 29 2.9 19243 3 1.92–4.3 0.00 00 24 –2.4 28 8 –2.8 19 –1.9 18 –1.8 22 –2.2 14 –1.4 08 0.8 06111 6 0.61–1.1 2. 1924 1.92–4. 0.0 –2. –1. 0. 0611 0.61–1. 192 1.92–4 –2 –1 061 0.61–1 1.92– – 06 0.61– 1.92 0.61 1.9 0.6 1.

Abstract Introduction: Noise-induced hearing loss is one of the most common forms of sensorineural hearing loss. Nevertheless, the mechanisms of noise-induced hearing loss are still not fully understood. Objective: To investigate the dynamics of inflammatory responses in the mammalian cochlea following noise trauma at two different times, once during the light cycle and once during the dark. Methods: We challenged C57BL/6J mice with moderate, continuous noise trauma at either 9 a.m. or 9 p.m. Auditory function, histological changes in hair cells, and modifications in gene expression levels of inflammatory mediators were assessed at specific time points. Shifts in auditory brainstem response thresholds were measured at 1, 3, 7 and 14 days after noise exposure to measure potential noise-induced hearing loss. Cochlear basilar-membrane immunofluorescent staining was performed at 3 and 14 days after noise exposure. The mRNA levels of several inflammatory mediators were measured via quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction before (pre) and after (0, 3, 12, 24 and 72 h) noise exposure. Results: We found that all noise-exposed mice developed a temporary threshold shift and that there were no significant differences between daytime and nighttime noise exposures in terms of inducing hearing-threshold shifts. Similarly, we did not detect significant histological changes in hair cells between these two groups. However, we discovered an interesting phenomenon in that the peak mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, CCL2 and TNF-α were higher in day noise-exposed mice compared to those in night noise-exposed mice, and these mRNA levels subsided more slowly in day noise-exposed mice. Conclusion: Overall, these observations suggest that the circadian timing of noise exposure has a significant effect on noise-induced inflammatory responses in the mouse cochlea and that a greater inflammatory response might occur after daytime exposure. Introduction Noiseinduced Noise induced Nevertheless noiseinduced understood Objective times dark Methods C57BL6J CBLJ C57BL 6J C BL J moderate am m a.m pm p p.m function points 1 basilarmembrane basilar membrane realtime real pre (pre 0, 0 (0 12 2 h Results noiseexposed exposed hearingthreshold shifts Similarly groups However IL1β, IL1β ILβ IL 1β, 1β β IL-1β IL6, IL6 6, 6 IL-6 CCL TNFα TNF α Conclusion Overall CBL ( IL-

ABSTRACT Chicken abdominal fat (AF) is an economically important trait, and many studies have been conducted on genetic selection for AF. However, previous studies have focused on detecting functional chromosome mutations or regions using gene chips. The present study used the specific-locus amplified fragment sequencing (SLAF-seq) technology to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) on purebred Wengshang Barred chicken. A total of 1,286,715 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected, and 175,211 SNPs were selected as candidate SNPs for genome-wide association analysis using TASSEL general linear models. Two SNPs markers reached genome-wide significance. Of these, rs7943847, rs127627362 were significantly associated with AF at 120 days. These SNPs are close to eight genes (SLC16A6, ARSG, WIPI1, PRKAR1A, FAM20A, ABCA8, ABCA9, CPQ,). These results would enrich the studies on AF and promote the use of Chinese chicken, especially the Wenshang Barred chicken.

Abstract The main purpose of this work was to compare the effects of the four preparation methods on the TFLX/HP-β-CD inclusion complex. The effects of different preparation methods on the inclusion complex were investigated by SEM, DSC, PXRD, FT-IR and 1H NMR. All the characterization information indicated that the four preparation methods could cause interaction between TFLX and HP-β-CD, but the inclusion complex prepared by solvent evaporation has more reaction sites. Phase solubility experiments demonstrated that the inclusion reaction was spontaneous. In vitro dissolution experiments showed that the dissolution of the inclusion complex in water was: solvent evaporation method (64.39%) > grinding method (42.37%) > ultrasonic method (40.00%) > freezing method (36.08%), and all higher than pure TFLX and physical mixture. These results suggest that the solvent evaporation is the most suitable method for preparing TFLX/HP-β-CD inclusion complexes. TFLX/HPβCD TFLXHPβCD TFLX/HP β CD HP SEM DSC PXRD FTIR FT IR H NMR HPβCD, HPβCD CD, HP-β-CD sites spontaneous 64.39% 6439 64 39 (64.39% 42.37% 4237 42 37 (42.37% 40.00% 4000 40 00 (40.00% 36.08%, 3608 36.08% , 36 08 (36.08%) mixture complexes TFLXHP 64.39 643 6 3 (64.39 42.37 423 4 (42.37 40.00 400 0 (40.00 360 36.08 (36.08% 64.3 (64.3 42.3 (42.3 40.0 (40.0 36.0 (36.08 64. (64. 42. (42. 40. (40. 36. (36.0 (64 (42 (40 (36. (6 (4 (36 ( (3

A series of metal ion (M = Sn2+, Fe3+, Ni2+, Co2+, Ag+, Cu2+) exchanged tungstophosphoric acid (H3PW12O40; TPA) catalysts with tunable Brønsted/Lewis acidity were synthesized and exploited for the oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BzOH) to benzaldehyde (BzH) using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as oxidant. The structure of these M-TPA composite salts was also characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and solid-state 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) probe molecule method. Among these M-TPAs, the Sn1/2H2PW12O40 catalyst, which presented strong Brønsted acidity, the synergistic effect of Brønsted/Lewis and pseudo-liquid characteristic property, exhibited excellent catalytic activity and durability with 98.2% of BzH selectivity and 95.1% of BzH yield. The optimal conditions for the oxidation of BzOH optimized by response surface methodology (RSM) were as follows: n(BzOH)/n(H2O2) = 1:1.25, catalyst amount of 5.5 wt.% to BzOH, water amount of 17 mL, 3.3 h of reaction time, and temperature 393 K. Moreover, further kinetic study confirmed that the reaction order was 2.64 and the activation energy was 21.75 kJ mol-1.

ABSTRACT The effects of plant essential oil (PEO) on the production performance and immune function of laying hens were evaluated to provide theoretical basis for promoting the natural plant extracts. Eight thousand 1-day-old healthy laying hens were randomly divided into a control group or PEO group, with four replicates per treatment and 1000 hens per replicate. The PEO diet was supplemented with 3g/kg plant extract. Diets were fed for 56 days. The tibia length and keel length were detected on an empty stomach at the end of the trial. Blood samples were collected on the 28th and 56th days to detect the level of C3, C4, IL-1, IL-2, IL-17 and immunoglobulin in the serum. The results showed that, compared with the control, PEO supplementation significantly increased the weight gain rate (WGR) at the 2nd, 4th, 5th and 7th week (p<0.05), and decreased the WGR at the 3rd and 6th week. The tibial length was significantly increased at the 3rd, 5th, 6th and 7th week (p<0.01), and also the keel length at the 5th and 7th week in PEO group. The concentration of IgG and IgM also significantly influenced with PEO supplementation, but there was no significant difference in the complements, C3 and C4, and the IL levels between days 28 and 56. Moreover, no significant difference was observed in body weight and immune organ on day 56. Therefore, we conclude that the addition of PEO could improve the production performance and immune function in laying hens.

ABSTRACT This study was performed to compare changes in posture, nursing behavior, and production performance of two breeds of sows. The posture, postural changes, nursing behavior, and production performance of hybrid Damin (Large White × Min pig, n = 32) and Landrace × Large White (n = 32) sows were observed by video recording for 72 h after farrowing and from 07:00 to 09:00 h and 13:00 to 15:00 h within any successive two-day period of each week from the two to five weeks postpartum. The production performances were compared between the two breeds. Except standing at days 1 to 3 postpartum and sitting at day 2 postpartum, there were significant differences in postures between the two breeds of sows. The frequency of ventral-to-lateral recumbency at day 1 and weeks 4 and 5 postpartum and sitting-to-lying at days 1 and 3 and weeks 4 and 5 postpartum was significantly lower for the Damin than for Landrace × Large White sows. The frequency of standing-to-lying in the first 72 h postpartum was significantly higher for the Damin than for Landrace × Large White sows. At days 2 and 3 postpartum, piglet loss was significantly lower for the Damin than for Landrace × Large White sows. The duration of parturition and farrowing interval were significantly longer for the Landrace × Large White than for Damin sows. The number of live piglets was higher for the Damin than for Landrace × Large White sows. The birth weight of litters and weaning weight of piglets were lower for Damin than for Landrace × Large White piglets. These data suggest that the Damin sows showed stronger maternal instincts through their behaviors and postural changes compared with the Landrace × Large White sows.

Aliskiren (ALS) is well known for its antihypertensive properties. However, the potential underlying the molecular mechanism and the anti-hypertrophic effect of ALS have not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ALS in mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and apoptosis signaling using in vivo and in vitro models of cardiac hypertrophy. A rat model of cardiac hypertrophy was induced by isoproterenol treatment (5 mg·kg-1·day-1) for 4 weeks, with or without ALS treatment at 20 mg·kg-1·day-1. The expression of hypertrophic, fibrotic, and apoptotic markers was determined by RT-qPCR. The protein expression of apoptotic markers mTOR and p-mTOR was assessed by western blot analysis. The proliferation of H9C2 cells was monitored using the MTS assay. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using flow cytometry. In vivo, isoproterenol-treated rats exhibited worse cardiac function, whereas ALS treatment reversed these dysfunctions, which were associated with changes in p-mTOR, Bcl-2, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 expression, as well as the number of apoptotic cells. In vitro, H9C2 cardiomyocyte viability was significantly inhibited and cardiac hypertrophy was induced by Ang II administration, but ALS reversed Ang II-induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and death. Furthermore, Ang II triggered the activation of the mTOR and apoptosis pathways in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes that were inhibited by ALS treatment. These results indicated that ALS alleviated cardiac hypertrophy through inhibition of the mTOR and apoptosis pathways in cardiomyocytes. (ALS properties However antihypertrophic anti elucidated (mTOR 5 ( mg·kg1·day1 mgkg1day1 mgkgday mg·kg 1·day 1 mg kg day mg·kg-1·day-1 weeks 2 mg·kg1·day1. 1. fibrotic RTqPCR. RTqPCR RT qPCR. qPCR RT-qPCR pmTOR p analysis HC H C H9C assay cytometry isoproterenoltreated treated function dysfunctions pmTOR, mTOR, Bcl2, Bcl2 Bcl 2, Bcl-2 Bax caspase3 caspase 3 caspase- administration IIinduced death Furthermore kg1 day1 mg·kg1·day mgkg mgkg1day 1day mg·kg-1·day- Bcl- mg·kg-1·day

BACKGROUND. In South Africa (SA), the National Department of Health has developed an Antimicrobial Resistance National Strategy Framework document to manage antimicrobial resistance (AMR). One of the strategic objectives is to optimise surveillance and early detection of AMR. At the National Institute for Communicable Diseases (NICD), an analysis of selected organisms and antimicrobial agents from both the public and the private sectors was conducted.OBJECTIVES. The relevance of surveillance for AMR is increasingly recognised in the light of global action plans to combat resistance. In this report, we present an overview of ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp.) organisms and Escherichia coli reported from public and private sector laboratories in SA for the period 2016-2017.METHODS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) profiles on selected ESKAPE organisms and E. coli isolated from blood cultures from the public and private sectors in 2016 and 2017 were analysed. AST data were extracted from a web-based electronic platform created by the NICD. Drug-bug combinations following the World Health Organization's Global Antimicrobial Surveillance System guidelines were included in the analysis.RESULTS. A total of 28 920 ESKAPE organisms and E. coli were reported in 2016 and 32 293 in 2017 across the two health sectors. Proportions of some organisms differed between the two health sectors, such as E. coli (19% in the public sector and 36% in the private sector), A. baumannii (14% public and 4% private), P. aeruginosa (7% public and 11% private) and S. aureus (27% public and 17% private). Susceptibility data indicated changing patterns in both sectors towards an increase in non-susceptibility to carbapenems in K. pneumoniae (p<0.01). However, we demonstrated an increase in susceptibility to cloxacillin in S. aureus (p<0.01) in both sectors.CONCLUSIONS. The key clinically important finding is the rapidly decreasing carbapenem susceptibility among Enterobacteriaceae reported in SA, irrespective of sector. In addition, the analysis provides information that could be used to monitor the effectiveness of interventions implemented at a national level under the guidance and direction of the national AMR framework.

ABSTRACT: To improve the speed and accuracy of the photoelectric tracking and pointing platform stable tracking, we took the three-axis photoelectric tracking platform, of which the coupling among the rings is ignored, as the research object. Considering the effects of various disturbances, the stable tracking double closed-loop servo control system was built for the azimuth, pitch, and roll rings. In the stabilization loop, output-feedback H∞ controller based on linear matrix inequality was designed to reduce the effects of model perturbations and uncertainties and to maintain the stability of the platform’s inertial space. In the tracking loop, the integral-separation proportional integral derivative (PID) controller was designed to achieve fast and accurate tracking. Smith estimated compensation was adopted to compensate the pure lag caused by video tracking. Finally, the double closed-loop servo control system was built to complete the simulation. The simulation results show that the system not only has good robustness under external disturbances, but also completes the attitude tracking quickly and accurately. Besides, the tracking error is |error| < 5∙e-4 rad, which meets the tracking accuracy requirements.