Resumo Se o racismo se tornou um tema totalmente legitimado no debate público contemporâneo, a sua investigação sociológica deixa às vezes a desejar. Se é natural e até mesmo desejável que o racismo brasileiro seja uma premissa dos movimentos políticos que buscam denunciá-lo, o mesmo não deveria ser válido para a pesquisa sociológica interessada em entender suas dinâmicas. Neste texto, destacamos as orientações gerais dos autores deste dossiê no sentido da produção de uma sociologia do racismo brasileiro atenta a seus mecanismos empíricos de funcionamento, impactos sociais e lógicas internas. Para tal, destacamos a centralidade de uma noção implícita ou explícita de raça nos processos de racialização e tratamento diferencial. contemporâneo desejar denunciálo, denunciálo denunciá lo, lo denunciá-lo dinâmicas texto funcionamento internas tal diferencial

Abstract If racism has become a fully legitimized theme in contemporary public debate, its sociological investigation is sometimes left unexplored. If it is natural and even desirable that Brazilian racism be a premise for the political movements that seek to denounce it, so too should it be natural and valid to pursue sociological research interested in understanding its dynamics. In this text, we highlight the general orientations of the authors of this collection toward the aim of producing a sociology of Brazilian racism attentive to its empirical mechanisms, social impacts, and internal logic. To this end, we highlight the centrality of an implicit or explicit notion of race in the processes of racialization and differential treatment. debate unexplored dynamics text mechanisms impacts logic end treatment

Resumo Neste artigo, exploro as razões para que se tenha desenvolvido no presente século, no interior da tradição das ciências sociais, a necessidade de se conceituar oracismo, assim como as razões por que tal conceituação é ainda, nos dias que correm, fortemente controversa. Isso me leva a discutir a relação entreracismoeraça, e o desenvolvimento do usoanalíticodo termo raça nas ciências sociais. Ao fazer essa discussão, defenderei duas teses simples, mas radicais: a de que não há como conceituar racismo sem referência a raças, assim como não há racismo sem agência humana. artigo século sociais oracismo ainda correm controversa entreracismoeraça discussão simples radicais raças humana

Abstract In this article, I explore the reasons why the need to conceptualize racism has developed in this century within the social science tradition, as well as the reasons why this conceptualization is still highly controversial today. This leads me to discuss the relationship between racism and race, and the development of the analytical use of the term race in the social sciences. In making this argument, I will defend two simple but radical theses: that there is no way to conceptualize racism without reference to race, just as there is no racism without human agency. article tradition today sciences argument theses agency

Abstract Introduction: Management of secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) is a challenging endeavor with several factors contruibuting to treatment failure. Calcimimetic therapy has revolutionized the management of SHPT, leading to changes in indications and appropriate timing of parathyroidectomy (PTX) around the world. Methods: We compared response rates to clinical vs. surgical approaches to SHPT in patients on maintenance dialysis (CKD 5D) and in kidney transplant patients (Ktx). A retrospective analysis of the one-year follow-up findings was carried out. CKD 5D patients were divided into 3 groups according to treatment strategy: parathyroidectomy, clinical management without cinacalcet (named standard - STD) and with cinacalcet (STD + CIN). Ktx patients were divided into 3 groups: PTX, CIN (cinacalcet use), and observation (OBS). Results: In CKD 5D we found a significant parathormone (PTH) decrease in all groups. Despite all groups had a higher PTH at baseline, we identified a more pronounced reduction in the PTX group. Regarding severe SHPT, the difference among groups was evidently wider: 31%, 14% and 80% of STD, STD + CIN, and PTX groups reached adequate PTH levels, respectively (p<0.0001). Concerning the Ktx population, although the difference was not so impressive, a higher rate of success in the PTX group was also observed. Conclusion: PTX still seems to be the best treatment choice for SHPT, especially in patients with prolonged diseases in unresourceful scenarios. Introduction (SHPT failure (PTX world Methods vs D Ktx. . (Ktx) oneyear one year followup follow up out strategy named CIN. CIN) use, use , use) OBS. OBS (OBS) Results (PTH baseline wider 31 31% 14 80 levels p<0.0001. p00001 p p<0.0001 0 0001 (p<0.0001) population impressive observed Conclusion scenarios (Ktx (OBS 1 8 p0000 p<0.000 000 (p<0.0001 p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.000 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

Resumo Introdução: O manejo do hiperparat-ireoidismo secundário (HPTS) é uma tarefa desafiadora com diversos fatores que contribuem para o fracasso do tratamento. A terapia calcimimética revolucionou o manejo do HPTS, levando a alterações nas indicações e no momento apropriado da paratireoidectomia (PTX) em todo o mundo. Métodos: Comparamos taxas de resposta às abordagens clínica vs. cirúrgica do HPTS em pacientes em diálise de manutenção (DRC 5D) e pacientes transplantados renais (TxR). Foi realizada uma análise retrospectiva dos achados de um ano de acompanhamento. Pacientes com DRC 5D foram divididos em 3 grupos de acordo com a estratégia de tratamento: paratireoidectomia, manejo clínico sem cinacalcete (denominado padrão - P) e com cinacalcete (P + CIN). Os pacientes com TxR foram divididos em 3 grupos: PTX, CIN (uso de cinacalcete) e observação (OBS). Resultados: Na DRC 5D, encontramos uma redução significativa do paratormônio (PTH) em todos os grupos. Apesar de todos os grupos apresentarem um PTH mais elevado no início do estudo, identificamos uma redução mais acentuada no grupo PTX. Com relação ao HPTS grave, a diferença entre os grupos foi evidentemente maior: 31%, 14% e 80% dos grupos P, P + CIN e PTX atingiram níveis adequados de PTH, respectivamente (p< 0,0001). Com relação à população TxR, embora a diferença não tenha sido tão impressionante, também foi observada uma taxa maior de sucesso no grupo PTX. Conclusão: A PTX ainda parece ser a melhor escolha de tratamento para o HPTS, especialmente em pacientes com doenças prolongadas em cenários sem recursos. Introdução hiperparatireoidismo hiperparat ireoidismo (HPTS (PTX mundo Métodos vs D TxR. . (TxR) acompanhamento denominado CIN. CIN) uso OBS. OBS (OBS) Resultados (PTH estudo grave 31 31% 14 80 p< p (p 0,0001. 00001 0,0001 0 0001 0,0001) impressionante Conclusão recursos (TxR (OBS 1 8 0000 0,000 000 0,00 00 0,0 0,

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) has complex symptoms that involve the orofacial region, such as otalgia. Considering the difficult differential diagnoses for associating otological symptoms with TMD. The aim of this study was to verify the diagnosis of TMD in patients with otalgia. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study, where 75 patients diagnosed with otalgia were evaluated. The European Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders’s (EACD) screening questionnaire was initially applied, and those who answered affirmatively to at least one question were evaluated by the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD), with a final sample of 50 patients. Data were tabulated and ANOVA verified whether there was a statistical difference between TMD subtypes classified by DC/TMD, considering confidence intervals with 95% significance. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 39.9±14.1 years, with a predominance of females (76%) (p<0.0001). Among those diagnosed with TMD, females also predominated, with a higher percentage in all evaluated subtypes, with emphasis on arthralgia (82%) and myofascial pain with limited opening (81.8%), followed by myofascial pain (74%) and disc displacement with reduction (72.7%). When observing the distribution of TMD subtypes between genders, there was a predominance of myofascial pain in males (75%) and females (68%), but no statistical significance was observed in this variable and in the others studied. CONCLUSION: Patients with otalgia had one or more TMD subtypes, and the myofascial subtype TMD was the most prevalent among study participants. OBJECTIVES (TMD region METHODS crosssectional cross sectional 7 Disorderss s EACD (EACD applied DCTMD DC/TMD , DC (DC/TMD) 5 95 RESULTS 399141 39 9 14 1 39.9±14. years 76% 76 (76% p<0.0001. p00001 p p<0.0001 . 0 0001 (p<0.0001) predominated 82% 82 (82% 81.8%, 818 81.8% 81 8 (81.8%) 74% 74 (74% 72.7%. 727 72.7% 72 (72.7%) genders 75% (75% 68%, 68 68% (68%) studied CONCLUSION (DC/TMD 39914 3 39.9±14 (76 p0000 p<0.000 000 (p<0.0001 (82 81.8 (81.8% (74 72.7 (72.7% (75 6 (68% 3991 39.9±1 (7 p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.000 (8 81. (81.8 72. (72.7 (68 399 39.9± ( p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 (81. (72. (6 39.9 p0 p<0. (p<0.0 (81 (72 39. p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p< (p

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A disfunção temporomandibular (DTM) possui sintomas complexos que envolvem a região orofacial, como a otalgia. Considerando os difíceis diagnósticos diferenciais para associar sintomas otológicos com DTM. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar o diagnóstico de DTM em pacientes com otalgia. MÉTODOS: Este é um estudo transversal e descritivo, com uma avaliação de 75 pacientes diagnosticados com otalgia. O questionário de triagem da Academia Europeia de Disfunções Craniomandibulares (EACD) foi aplicado inicialmente, e aqueles que responderam afirmativamente a pelo menos uma questão foram avaliados pelo Critério Diagnóstico de Pesquisa para Disfunções Temporomandibulares (DC/TMD), com amostra final de 50 pacientes. Os dados foram tabulados e por meio da ANOVA foi verificado se havia diferença estatística entre os subtipos de DTM classificados pelo DC/TMD, considerando intervalos de confiança com 95% de significância. RESULTADOS: A idade média dos participantes foi de 39,9±14,1 anos. Além disso, predominou-se o sexo feminino (76%) (p<0,0001), com maior percentual em todos os subtipos avaliados, destacando-se a artralgia (82%) e a dor miofascial com limitação de abertura (81,8%), seguida da dor miofascial (74%) e deslocamento de disco com redução (72,7%). Quando observada a distribuição dos subtipos de DTM entre os sexos, notou-se predominância de dor miofascial no sexo masculino (75%) e feminino (68%), mas não foi observada significância estatística nessa variável e nas demais estudadas. CONCLUSÃO: Os pacientes com otalgia manifestaram mais de um dos subtipos de DTM, sendo o subtipo de dor miofascial o mais prevalente entre os participantes do estudo. OBJETIVOS (DTM orofacial MÉTODOS descritivo 7 EACD (EACD inicialmente DCTMD DC/TMD , DC TMD (DC/TMD) 5 95 RESULTADOS 399141 39 9 14 1 39,9±14, anos disso predominouse predominou 76% 76 (76% p<0,0001, p00001 p p<0,0001 0 0001 (p<0,0001) destacandose destacando 82% 82 (82% 81,8%, 818 81,8% 81 8 (81,8%) 74% 74 (74% 72,7%. 727 72,7% . 72 (72,7%) sexos notouse notou 75% (75% 68%, 68 68% (68%) estudadas CONCLUSÃO (DC/TMD 39914 3 39,9±14 (76 p0000 p<0,000 000 (p<0,0001 (82 81,8 (81,8% (74 72,7 (72,7% (75 6 (68% 3991 39,9±1 (7 p000 p<0,00 00 (p<0,000 (8 81, (81,8 72, (72,7 (68 399 39,9± ( p00 p<0,0 (p<0,00 (81, (72, (6 39,9 p0 p<0, (p<0,0 (81 (72 39, p<0 (p<0, p< (p<0 (p< (p

Abstract We investigated the vasodilatory effects of Hymenaea rubriflora Ducke stem bark extract (HR- HAc). Vascular reactivity of the aortic rings of Wistar rats was tested by in vitro cumulative doses (0.1 - 729 μg/mL). Rats (n=5) were treated with 25 (G25), 50 (G50) and 100 (G100) mg/ kg of HR-HAc or saline (control group - CG) for four weeks. An in vitro assay resulted in dose-dependent relaxation of the aortic rings with functional endothelium, which was inhibited in the presence of L-NAME. Rings of the treated animals increased acetylcholine relaxing potency at all doses, with a greater effect on G50 (pD2 = 7.8±0.1, Emax = 95.6±1.1) and a decreased contractile potency to phenylephrine in G25 (pD2 = 6.9±0.06, Emax = 61.5±6.0%) and G50 (pD2= 6.6±0.06, Emax = 71.0±8.5%) when compared to the CG in the presence and absence of endothelium (pD2= 6.4± 0.1, 6.4±0.1 and 6.9±0.1, respectively). Cumulative doses of nitroprusside resulted in increased relaxing potency in all treated groups and maintained Emax at 100%. It is concluded that HR-HAc has vasorelaxant capacity and inhibitory vascular contraction activity applied either directly to aortic rings or after treatment with in vivo supplementation, which places this extract as a potential nutraceutical or pharmacological agent for treating diseases associated with vascular dysfunction. HR (HR HAc. HAc . HAc) 0.1 01 0 1 (0. 72 μg/mL. μgmL μg/mL μg mL μg/mL) n=5 n5 n 5 (n=5 2 G25, G , (G25) (G50 10 G100 (G100 mg HRHAc control weeks dosedependent dose dependent LNAME. LNAME L NAME. NAME L-NAME G5 pD2 pD (pD 7801 7 8 7.8±0.1 95.6±1.1 95611 95 6 G2 69006 9 06 6.9±0.06 61.5±6.0% 61560 61 pD2= 66006 6.6±0.06 71.0±8.5% 71085 71 64 4 6.4 6401 6.4±0. 6901 6.9±0.1 respectively. respectively respectively) 100% supplementation dysfunction 0. (0 n= (n= (G25 (G5 G10 (G10 780 7.8±0. 95.6±1. 9561 6900 6.9±0.0 61.5±6.0 6156 6600 6.6±0.0 71.0±8.5 7108 6. 640 6.4±0 690 6.9±0. ( (n (G2 (G G1 (G1 78 7.8±0 95.6±1 956 61.5±6. 615 660 6.6±0. 71.0±8. 710 69 6.9±0 7.8± 95.6± 61.5±6 66 6.6±0 71.0±8 6.9± 7.8 95.6 61.5± 6.6± 71.0± 6.9 7. 95. 61.5 6.6 71.0 61. 71.

Abstract Background Women, in comparison to men, experience worse outcomes after acute coronary syndrome (ACS). However, whether the female sex per se is an independent predictor of such adverse events remains unclear. Objective This study aims to assess the association between the female sex and in-hospital mortality after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study by enrolling consecutive STEMI patients admitted to a tertiary hospital from January 2018 to February 2019. All patients were treated per current guideline recommendations. Multivariable logistic regression models were applied to evaluate in-hospital mortality using GRACE variables. Model accuracy was evaluated using c-index. A p-value < 0.05 was statistically significant. Results Out of the 1678 ACS patients, 709 presented with STEMI. The population consisted of 36% women, and the median age was 61 years. Women were older (63.13 years vs. 60.53 years, p = 0.011); more often presented with hypertension (75.1% vs. 62.4%, p = 0.001), diabetes (42.2% vs. 27.8%, p < 0.001), and hyperlipidemia (34.1% vs. 23.9%, p = 0.004); and were less likely to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) via radial access (23.7% vs. 46.1%, p < 0.001). In-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in women (13.2% vs. 5.6%, p = 0.001), and the female sex remained at higher risk for in-hospital mortality (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.15–6.76, p = 0.023). A multivariate model including age, sex, systolic blood pressure, cardiac arrest, and Killip class was 94.1% accurate in predicting in-hospital mortality, and the c-index was 0.85 (95% CI 0.77–0.93). Conclusion After adjusting for the risk factors in the GRACE prediction model, women remain at higher risk for in-hospital mortality. men ACS. . (ACS) However unclear inhospital STelevation ST elevation (STEMI) 201 2019 recommendations variables cindex. cindex c index. index pvalue value 005 0 05 0.0 significant 167 70 36 6 63.13 6313 63 13 (63.1 vs 6053 60 53 60.5 0.011 0011 011 0.011) 75.1% 751 75 1 (75.1 624 62 4 62.4% 0.001, 0001 0.001 , 001 0.001) 42.2% 422 42 2 (42.2 278 27 8 27.8% 34.1% 341 34 (34.1 239 23 9 23.9% 0.004 0004 004 0.004) PCI (PCI 23.7% 237 7 (23.7 461 46 46.1% 0.001. Inhospital In 13.2% 132 (13.2 56 5 5.6% OR 279 79 2.79 95 115676 15 76 1.15–6.76 0.023. 0023 0.023 023 0.023) pressure arrest 941 94 94.1 085 85 0.8 (95 0.77–0.93. 077093 0.77–0.93 77 93 0.77–0.93) (ACS (STEMI 20 00 0. 16 3 63.1 631 (63. 605 60. 0.01 01 75.1 (75. 62.4 000 0.00 42.2 (42. 27.8 34.1 (34. 23.9 23.7 (23. 46.1 13.2 (13. 5.6 2.7 11567 1.15–6.7 002 0.02 02 94. 08 (9 07709 0.77–0.9 63. (63 75. (75 62. 42. (42 27. 34. (34 23. (23 46. 13. (13 5. 2. 1156 1.15–6. ( 0770 0.77–0. (6 (7 (4 (3 (2 (1 115 1.15–6 077 0.77–0 11 1.15– 07 0.77– 1.15 0.77 1.1 0.7 1.

Resumo Fundamento As mulheres, em comparação aos homens, apresentam piores resultados após a síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA). No entanto, ainda não está claro se o sexo feminino em si é um preditor independente de tais eventos adversos. Objetivo Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar a associação entre o sexo feminino e a mortalidade hospitalar após infarto do miocárdio com supradesnivelamento do segmento ST (IAMCSST). Métodos Conduzimos um estudo de coorte retrospectivo, recrutando pacientes consecutivos com IAMCSST, internados em um hospital terciário de janeiro de 2018 a fevereiro de 2019. Todos os pacientes foram tratados de acordo com as recomendações das diretrizes atuais. Modelos de regressão logística multivariada foram aplicados para avaliar a mortalidade hospitalar utilizando variáveis de GRACE. A precisão do modelo foi avaliada usando o índice c. Um valor de p < 0,05 foi estatisticamente significativo. Resultados Dos 1.678 pacientes com SCA, 709 apresentaram IAMCSST. A população era composta por 36% de mulheres e a idade média era de 61 anos. As mulheres tinham maior idade (63,13 anos vs. 60,53 anos, p = 0,011); apresentavam hipertensão (75,1% vs. 62,4%, p = 0,001), diabetes (42,2% vs. 27,8%, p < 0,001) e hiperlipidemia (34,1% vs. 23,9%, p = 0,004) mais frequentemente; e apresentaram menor probabilidade de serem submetidas a intervenção coronária percutânea (ICP) por acesso radial (23,7% vs. 46,1%, p < 0,001). A taxa de mortalidade hospitalar foi significativamente maior em mulheres (13,2% vs. 5,6%, p = 0,001), e o sexo feminino permaneceu em maior risco de mortalidade hospitalar (OR 2,79, IC de 95% 1,15–6,76, p = 0,023). Um modelo multivariado incluindo idade, sexo, pressão arterial sistólica, parada cardíaca e classe de Killip atingiu 94,1% de precisão na previsão de mortalidade hospitalar, e o índice c foi de 0,85 (IC de 95% 0,77–0,93). Conclusão Após ajuste para os fatores de risco no modelo de previsão do GRACE, as mulheres continuam em maior risco de mortalidade hospitalar. homens SCA. SCA . (SCA) entanto adversos IAMCSST (IAMCSST) retrospectivo 201 2019 atuais GRACE 005 0 05 0,0 significativo 1678 1 678 1.67 70 36 6 63,13 6313 63 13 (63,1 vs 6053 60 53 60,5 0,011 0011 011 0,011) 75,1% 751 75 (75,1 624 62 4 62,4% 0,001, 0001 0,001 , 001 42,2% 422 42 2 (42,2 278 27 8 27,8% 34,1% 341 34 (34,1 239 23 9 23,9% 0,004 0004 004 frequentemente ICP (ICP 23,7% 237 7 (23,7 461 46 46,1% 0,001. 13,2% 132 (13,2 56 5 5,6% OR 279 79 2,79 95 115676 15 76 1,15–6,76 0,023. 0023 0,023 023 0,023) sistólica 941 94 94,1 085 85 0,8 0,77–0,93. 077093 0,77–0,93 77 93 0,77–0,93) (SCA (IAMCSST 20 00 0, 167 67 1.6 3 63,1 631 (63, 605 60, 0,01 01 75,1 (75, 62,4 000 0,00 42,2 (42, 27,8 34,1 (34, 23,9 23,7 (23, 46,1 13,2 (13, 5,6 2,7 11567 1,15–6,7 002 0,02 02 94, 08 07709 0,77–0,9 16 1. 63, (63 75, (75 62, 42, (42 27, 34, (34 23, (23 46, 13, (13 5, 2, 1156 1,15–6, 0770 0,77–0, (6 (7 (4 (3 (2 (1 115 1,15–6 077 0,77–0 ( 11 1,15– 07 0,77– 1,15 0,77 1,1 0,7 1,

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Health literacy is a topic that has been gaining traction in recent years, both on the policy and research agendas of many countries, however there is no evidence about temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and this topic. The objective was to evaluate the association between the level of functional literacy and the understanding of the Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders (DC/TMD) through self-report and to associate the time of TMD complaint with the levels of functional literacy. METHODS: This is an observational, cross-sectional study, comprising 56 patients from the Temporomandibular Disorders (TMD) clinic at São Leopoldo Mandic College. The DC/TMD questionnaire – axis I, a sociodemographic questionnaire, and tests of the Indicador de Alfabetismo Funcional (Functional Literacy Indicator - INAF) were applied. RESULTS: The outcomes showed that 85.7% of the sample were females and 14.3% males, mainly white (60.7%), with a schooling degree, predominantly from the 3rd grade of high school and professionally active. It was found that 22.5% of the sample were functionally illiterate and 77.5% were functionally literate, 30.6% of whom had elementary level schooling. There was a significant association between the schooling level and combined INAF (p=0.005), as well as between combined INAF and duration of complaint in intervals for jaw pain (p=0.037) when Chi-square tests were used. There is evidence to establish that the mean duration of headache complaints (in months) between literacy groups are different (p=0.001) when using the Student´s t-test. With these results, it is possible to suggest that lower levels of functional literacy are related to a poorly detailed perception of TMD complaints regarding the duration of the complaint and, mainly, to the association of headache with a complaint of TMD. CONCLUSION: Lower levels of functional literacy are related to a poorly detailed perception of TMD complaints regarding the duration of the complaint and, mainly, to the association of headache with a complaint of temporomandibular disorders. OBJECTIVES years countries (TMD DCTMD DC (DC/TMD selfreport self report METHODS observational crosssectional cross sectional study 5 College I Functional applied RESULTS 857 85 7 85.7 143 14 3 14.3 males 60.7%, 607 60.7% , 60 (60.7%) degree rd active 225 22 22.5 775 77 77.5 literate 306 30 6 30.6 p=0.005, p0005 p p=0.005 0 005 (p=0.005) p=0.037 p0037 037 (p=0.037 Chisquare Chi square used months p=0.001 p0001 001 (p=0.001 Students Student s ttest. ttest t test. test t-test results CONCLUSION 8 85. 1 14. 60.7 (60.7% 2 22. 77. 30. p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.005 p=0.03 p003 03 (p=0.03 (p=0.00 60. (60.7 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.0 (60. p0 p=0. (p=0. (60 p=0 (p=0 (6 p= (p= ( (p

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O letramento em saúde é um tema que vem ganhando força nos últimos anos, tanto nas agendas políticas como de investigação de muitos países, no entanto não existem evidências sobre as disfunções temporomandibulares e este tema. O objetivo foi avaliar a associação entre o nível de alfabetismo funcional e a compreensão dos Critérios Diagnósticos para Disfunção Temporomandibular (DC/DTM) por meio do autorrelato e associar o tempo de queixa de DTM com os níveis de letramento funcional. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, realizado com 56 pacientes do ambulatório de Disfunções Temporomandibulares (DTM) da Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic. Para isso foram aplicados o questionário DC/DTM – eixo I, questionário sociodemográfico e testes do Indicador de Alfabetismo Funcional (INAF). RESULTADOS: Mostraram que 85,7% da amostra era do sexo feminino e 14,3% do sexo masculino, predominantemente brancos (60,7%), com escolaridade superior, predominantemente do 3º ano do ensino médio e profissionalmente ativos (57,1%). Verificou-se que 22,5% da amostra eram analfabetos funcionais e 77,5% eram alfabetizados funcionalmente, sendo que 30,6% possuíam nível fundamental. Houve associação significativa entre escolaridade e INAF combinado (p=0,005), bem como entre INAF combinado e tempo de queixa nos intervalos de dor mandibular (p=0,037) quando foram utilizados testes Qui-quadrado. Há evidências que estabelecem que a duração média das queixas de cefaleia (em meses) entre os grupos de alfabetismo é diferente (p=0,001) quando utilizado o teste t de Student. Com base nesses resultados, é possível sugerir que níveis mais baixos de alfabetismo funcional estariam relacionados a uma percepção pouco detalhada das queixas de DTM quanto à duração da queixa e à associação de cefaleia com queixa de DTM. CONCLUSÃO: Níveis mais baixos de alfabetismo funcional foram relacionados à percepção pouco detalhada das queixas de DTM quanto à duração e, principalmente, à associação de cefaleia com queixa de disfunção temporomandibular. OBJETIVOS anos países DCDTM DC (DC/DTM MÉTODOS Tratase Trata se observacional transversal 5 (DTM Mandic I INAF. . (INAF) RESULTADOS 857 85 7 85,7 143 14 3 14,3 masculino 60,7%, 607 60,7% , 60 (60,7%) superior º 57,1%. 571 57,1% 57 1 (57,1%) Verificouse Verificou 225 22 22,5 775 77 77,5 funcionalmente 306 30 6 30,6 fundamental p=0,005, p0005 p p=0,005 0 005 (p=0,005) p=0,037 p0037 037 (p=0,037 Quiquadrado. Quiquadrado Qui quadrado. quadrado Qui-quadrado meses p=0,001 p0001 001 (p=0,001 Student resultados CONCLUSÃO principalmente temporomandibular (INAF 8 85, 14, 60,7 (60,7% 57,1 (57,1% 2 22, 77, 30, p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,005 p=0,03 p003 03 (p=0,03 (p=0,00 60, (60,7 57, (57,1 p00 p=0,0 (p=0,0 (60, (57, p0 p=0, (p=0, (60 (57 p=0 (p=0 (6 (5 p= (p= ( (p

ABSTRACT Slow-release fertilizers are sustainable alternatives to soil nutrition that can effectively enhance agricultural productivity. In this study, we formulated slow-release organomineral fertilizers using spent coffee grounds (SCG) impregnated with triple superphosphate (TSP). The effects of the composition of the fertilizer on pellet resistance and P release capacity were evaluated, along with heat treatment at different temperatures and times. The pellets with 10 g sugarcane molasses and 2.5 g TSP per gram of SCG, dried at 100 °C, presented the best mechanical resistance, releasing about 90% P in 13.8 h. The release kinetics of these pellets followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model, controlled by Fickian diffusion. The fertilizer thermally treated at 400 °C for 30 min was classified as a slow-release fertilizer, as it released 90% P in 793.3 h. Thus, the partial carbonization of biomass promoted P adsorption to the surface of the porous matrix of the pellets, allowing the slow release of nutrients. Overall, we found that pelletized OMFs can be used as sustainable and inexpensive fertilizers derived from waste biomass; thus, their application can contribute to eco-friendly agricultural practices. Slowrelease Slow productivity study slowrelease SCG (SCG TSP. . (TSP) evaluated times 1 25 2 5 2. C 90 138 13 8 13. h KorsmeyerPeppas Korsmeyer Peppas model diffusion 40 3 7933 793 793. Thus nutrients Overall thus ecofriendly eco friendly practices (TSP 9 4 79 7

RESUMO Os fertilizantes de liberação lenta podem ser usados como alternativa sustentável para a nutrição do solo e aumento da produtividade industrial. Este trabalho formulou fertilizantes organominerais de liberação lenta a partir de borra de café impregnado com superfosfato triplo. Nós avaliamos o efeito da composição de fertilizantes na resistência do pellet e capacidade de liberação de P e o tratamento térmico a diferentes temperaturas e tempos. Os pellets com 5 g de do ligante de melaço de cana e 2,5 g de TSP/g SC, secos a 100 ºC, apresentaram a melhor resistência mecânica, liberando 90% de P em 13,8 h. A cinética de liberação seguiu o modelo de Korsmeyer-Peppas, sendo controlada pela difusão Fickiana. O fertilizante tratado termicamente a 400 ºC por 30 min foi classificado como de liberação lenta, liberando 90% de P em 793,3 h. Assim, a carbonização parcial da biomassa promoveu a adsorção de P na matriz porosa dos pellets, permitindo a liberação lenta dos nutrientes. No geral, este estudo demonstra o potencial dos OMFs granulados como fertilizantes sustentáveis e de baixo custo derivados de biomassa residual, contribuindo para práticas agrícolas ambientalmente sustentáveis. industrial triplo tempos 25 2 2, TSPg TSP SC 10 mecânica 90 138 13 8 13, h KorsmeyerPeppas, KorsmeyerPeppas Korsmeyer Peppas, Peppas Korsmeyer-Peppas Fickiana 40 3 7933 793 793, Assim nutrientes geral residual 1 9 4 79 7

ABSTRACT The commercial cultivation of guava tree (Psidium guajava L.) occurs in all Brazilian regions, where fruit flies cause direct losses to production and affect fresh fruit exports due to quarantine restrictions. This study aimed to determine the incidence, diversity and population fluctuations of frugivorous fly species that infest guava trees, as well as to survey their associated parasitoids, in the Espírito santo state, Brazil. Fruits and flies captured in traps were sampled in three guava-producing regions. Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.) was the main species associated with guava trees, particularly in the coastal region. Anastrepha chiclayae was recorded for the first time associated with guava trees in Brazil. Medfly was not considered an important species. Neosilba zadolicha was the most common Lonchaeidae species collected, but with low importance. Higher populations of frugivorous flies were found in hot and humid areas. Two population peaks of A. fraterculus were observed during October (spring) and from March to April (summer-autumn). Tephritid flies occurred in all surveyed regions, with higher infestations in the coastal area, followed by the northern and mountain regions, respectively. Doryctobracon areolatus and Aganaspis pelleranoi were the most common species of parasitoids; however, the natural biological control of frugivorous flies in guava trees was very low and had little impact on fruit fly populations. Psidium L. L regions restrictions incidence parasitoids state Brazil guavaproducing producing Wied. Wied (Wied. region collected importance areas A spring (spring summerautumn. summerautumn summer autumn . (summer-autumn) area respectively however (Wied (summer-autumn

RESUMO O cultivo comercial de goiabeira (Psidium guajava L.) ocorre em todas as regiões brasileiras, onde moscas-das-frutas causam perdas diretas na produção e afetam as exportações de frutas frescas devido a restrições quarentenárias. Objetivou-se determinar a incidência, diversidade e flutuações populacionais de espécies de moscas frugívoras que infestam goiabeira e levantar seus parasitoides associados, no estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. Frutos e moscas capturadas por armadilhas foram amostrados em três regiões produtoras de goiaba. Anastrepha fraterculus (Wied.) foi a principal espécie associada a goiabeiras, principalmente na região litorânea. Anastrepha chiclayae foi registrada pela primeira vez associada a goiabeiras no Brasil. Medfly não foi uma espécie importante. Neosilba zadolicha foi a espécie de Lonchaeidae mais comum, mas com baixa importância. Maiores populações de moscas frugívoras foram encontradas em regiões quentes e úmidas. Dois picos populacionais de A. fraterculus foram observados em outubro (primavera) e de março a abril (verão-outono). Tefritídeos ocorreram em todas as regiões pesquisadas, com maiores infestações na área litorânea, seguida da norte e serrana, respectivamente. Doryctobracon areolatus e Aganaspis pelleranoi foram as espécies de parasitoides mais comuns; no entanto, o controle biológico natural de moscas frugívoras em goiabeira foi muito baixo e apresentou controle populacional de baixo impacto. Psidium L. L brasileiras moscasdasfrutas das quarentenárias Objetivouse Objetivou se incidência associados Santo Brasil goiaba Wied. Wied (Wied. litorânea importante comum importância úmidas A primavera (primavera verãooutono. verãooutono verão outono . (verão-outono) pesquisadas serrana respectivamente comuns entanto impacto (Wied (verão-outono

Abstract Background: Pneumonia occurs in about 20% of trauma patients with pulmonary contusions. This study aims to evaluate the association between empirical antibiotic therapy and nosocomial pneumonia in this population. Methods: Retrospective cohort of adult patients admitted to a trauma-surgical ICU. The Antibiotic Therapy Group (ATG) was defined by intravenous antibiotic use for more than 48 h starting on hospital admission, while the Conservative Group (CG) was determined by antibiotic use no longer than 48 h. Primary outcome was microbiologically documented nosocomial pneumonia within 14 days after hospital admission. Logistic regression was used to estimate the association between group allocation and primary outcome. Exploratory analyses evaluating the association between resistant strains in pneumonia and antibiotic use were performed. Results: The study included 177 patients with chest trauma and pulmonary contusion on CTscan. ATG were more severely ill than CG, as shown by higher Injury Severity Score, SAPS3, SOFA score, higher rates, and longer duration of mechanical ventilation. In the multivariate analysis, ATG was associated with a lower incidence of primary outcome (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.09-0.64; p < 0.01). Similar results were found in the sensitivity analysis with another set of variables. However, each day of antibiotic use was associated with an increased risk of pneumonia by resistant bacteria (OR = 1.18 per day, 95% CI 1.05-1.36; p < 0.01). Conclusions: Empiric antibiotic therapy was independently associated with lower incidence of nosocomial pneumonia in critically ill patients with pulmonary contusion. However, each day of antibiotic use was associated with increased resistant strains in infected patients. Background 20 contusions population Methods traumasurgical surgical ICU (ATG 4 admission CG (CG 1 performed Results 17 CTscan Score SAPS3 SAPS score rates ventilation OR 025 0 25 0.25 95 0.090.64 009064 0.09 0.64 09 64 0.09-0.64 0.01. 001 0.01 . 01 0.01) variables However 118 18 1.1 1.051.36 105136 1.05 1.36 05 36 1.05-1.36 Conclusions 2 02 0.2 9 090 0.090.6 00906 009 0.0 064 0.6 6 0.09-0.6 00 11 1. 051 1.051.3 10513 105 1.0 136 1.3 3 1.05-1.3 0. 0.090. 0090 06 0.09-0. 1.051. 1051 10 13 1.05-1. 0.090 0.09-0 1.051 1.05-1 0.09- 1.05-

Abstract The Cachoeirinha Sn ± (Nb-Ta) deposit is an important producer of the Rondônia Tin Province. It is inserted in the regional unit named Rondônia Intrusive Suite (995–956 Ma) and hosts granular accumulations of columbite group minerals (CGM) embedded in thick Cenozoic colluvial-alluvial covers. Cachoeirinha CGM have subrounded to angular grains, with irregular to regular internal zoning, micro-inclusion, and exsolution features. They have columbite-(Fe) as the dominant mineral phase, with variation in the Ta/(Ta+Nb) ratio and with Sn, Ti, W, U, Ba, Cr, REE, and V as chemical impurities. It has high total REE content (LREEN depleted, HREEN enriched, Ce and Eu anomalies), δ18O = 2.78‰, and with two U-Pb age groups: 1052 ± 6 and 909 ± 7 Ma. This information indicates that physicochemical oscillations favored the ionic substitutions and resorption mechanisms between Nb ↔ Ta, as well as coupled substitutions with the entry of geochemical impurities, according to the equation: 3(Sn, Ti, U, Si)4+ + (W, Cr)6+ ↔ 2(V, Nb, Ta)5+ + 2(Al, REE)3+ + (Fe, Mn, Ba)2+, at the temperature range between 400° and 500°C. Finally, the Cachoeirinha Sn ± (Nb-Ta) alluvial deposit host ore is related to at least two Neo-Mesoproterozoic magmatic pulses. NbTa Ta (Nb-Ta Province 995–956 995956 995 956 (995–95 Ma (CGM colluvialalluvial colluvial covers grains zoning microinclusion, microinclusion micro inclusion, inclusion micro-inclusion features columbiteFe Fe columbite-(Fe phase Ta/Ta+Nb TaTaNb Ta/ Ta+Nb Ta/(Ta+Nb Ti W U Ba Cr impurities LREEN depleted enriched anomalies, anomalies , anomalies) δO δ O 278 2 78 2.78‰ UPb Pb groups 105 90 equation 3Sn, 3Sn 3 3(Sn Si4+ Si4 Si 4+ 4 Si)4 (W Cr6+ Cr6 6+ Cr)6 2V, 2V V, 2(V Ta5+ Ta5 5+ 5 Ta)5 2Al, 2Al Al Al, 2(Al REE3+ REE3 3+ REE)3 Fe, (Fe Mn Ba2+, Ba2 2+, Ba)2+ 400 500C C 500 500°C Finally NeoMesoproterozoic Neo Mesoproterozoic pulses 995–95 99595 99 95 (995–9 TaNb 27 2.78 10 9 Si) Cr) Ta) REE) Ba2+ 2+ Ba)2 40 50 995–9 9959 (995– 2.7 1 Ba) 995– (995 2. (99 (9 (

Naltrexone (NTX) and bupropion (BUP) are used in combination in clinical practice for obesity; however, the existing analytical methods for this drug combination are not sustainable. This work aims to develop an analytical method that is faster, easier and less expensive compared with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and involves green technology without solvents to quantify BUP and NTX in combination. The objective was to validate a method using mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy associated with multivariate calibration and chemometrics to simultaneously measure NTX and BUP in a pharmaceutical capsule form. The models were developed using MIR spectroscopy with diffuse reflectance, with interval partial least squares (iPLS) variable selection. The working range selected to optimize the model was from 1885.8 to 1585.4 cm-1. The chosen model was obtained with partial least squares (PLS2) and with data pre-processed by first derivative Savitzky-Golay smoothing followed by mean centering, using four latent variables, providing a root mean square error of prediction of 1.8 mg g-1 for NTX and 6.42 mg g-1 for BUP. The method was validated according to current international standards. In conclusion, the methods developed in the MIR region provided statistically similar results to the validated chromatographic method for commercial pharmaceutical formulations. (NTX (BUP obesity however sustainable faster HPLC (HPLC midinfrared mid infrared (MIR form reflectance iPLS (iPLS selection 18858 1885 8 1885. 15854 1585 4 1585. cm1. cm1 cm 1. 1 cm-1 PLS2 PLS (PLS2 preprocessed pre processed SavitzkyGolay Savitzky Golay centering variables 18 g1 g g- 642 6 42 6.4 standards conclusion formulations 188 158 cm- (PLS 64 6. 15

ABSTRACT Antifa, by Mark Bray, innovated in a field of study with wide coverage: fascism. Bray dared to look at the other and forgotten side: anti-fascism. In his book Antifa: The Anti-Fascist Handbook, Bray deals not with anti-fascism as mere opposition to fascism, but with a tradition of political combat that dates back to the beginnings of Mussolini’s Fascism. It is noticeable in Antifa, and even in the interview that follows, the combination between the two universes of the author. Bray, an academic historian at Dartmouth College, analyzes historical and contemporary fascisms, as well as the evolution of the concept of fascism over the last century and the equally secular struggle of anti-fascists. But this is not just a book of academic or historiographical analysis. The militant side of the author (one of the organizers of Occupy Wall Street) emerges, especially in the dozens of interviews with anti-fascists around the world. Antifa coverage antifascism. antifascism anti AntiFascist Anti Fascist Handbook Mussolinis Mussolini s Fascism follows College fascisms antifascists. antifascists fascists. fascists analysis one Street emerges world

RESUMO Antifa, de Mark Bray, inova num campo com ampla cobertura de estudos: o fascismo. Bray ousou olhar para outro e esquecido lado: o antifascismo. Em Antifa: o manual antifascista, Bray trata não do antifascismo como mera oposição ao fascismo, mas também de uma tradição de combate político que remonta aos primórdios do Fascismo de Mussolini. É perceptível em Antifa, e na entrevista que segue, a fusão entre os dois universos do autor. Bray, historiador acadêmico do Dartmouth College, analisa os fascismos históricos e contemporâneos, bem como a evolução do conceito de fascismo ao longo do último século e a luta igualmente secular dos antifascistas. Mas este não é um livro apenas de análise acadêmica ou historiográfica. A faceta militante do autor (um dos organizadores do Occupy Wall Street) emerge, principalmente nas dezenas de entrevistas com antifascistas ao redor do mundo. Antifa estudos lado antifascista Mussolini segue College contemporâneos historiográfica Street emerge mundo

ABSTRACT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. The Brazilian Society of Hepatology (SBH) published in 2020 the updated recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Since then, new data have emerged in the literature, including new drugs approved for the systemic treatment of HCC that were not available at the time. The SBH board conducted an online single-topic meeting to discuss and review the recommendations on the systemic treatment of HCC. The invited experts were asked to conduct a systematic review of the literature on each topic related to systemic treatment and to present the summary data and recommendations during the meeting. All panelists gathered together for discussion of the topics and elaboration of the updated recommendations. The present document is the final version of the reviewed manuscript containing the recommendations of SBH and its aim is to assist healthcare professionals, policy-makers, and planners in Brazil and Latin America with systemic treatment decision-making of patients with HCC. (HCC cancerrelated cancer worldwide (SBH 202 then time singletopic single professionals policymakers, policymakers policy makers, makers policy-makers decisionmaking decision making 20 2

RESUMO O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) é uma das principais causas de mortalidade relacionada a câncer no Brasil e no mundo. A Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia (SBH) publicou em 2020 a atualização das recomendações da SBH para o diagnóstico e tratamento do CHC. Desde então, novas evidências científicas sobre o tratamento sistêmico do CHC foram relatadas na literatura médica, incluindo novos medicamentos aprovados que não estavam disponíveis na época do último consenso, levando a diretoria da SBH a promover uma reunião monotemática on-line para discutir e rever as recomendações sobre o tratamento sistêmico do CHC. Um grupo de experts foi convidado para realizar uma revisão sistemática da literatura e apresentar uma atualização, baseada em evidências científicas, sobre cada tópico relacionado ao tratamento sistêmico e a apresentar os dados e recomendações resumidas durante a reunião. Todos os painelistas se reuniram para discutir os tópicos e elaborar as recomendações atualizadas. O presente documento é a versão final do manuscrito revisado, contendo as recomendações da SBH, e seu objetivo é auxiliar os profissionais de saúde, formuladores de políticas e planejadores no Brasil e na América Latina na tomada de decisões sobre o tratamento sistêmico de pacientes com CHC. (CHC mundo (SBH 202 então médica consenso online on line atualizadas revisado saúde 20 2