Abstract Introduction. Gastric cancer in Colombia is the second most common neoplasm in men and the fourth in women. In recent years, the benefits of the laparoscopic approach in gastric cancer against bleeding, postoperative recovery com and complications have been widely described, without affecting oncological results. Methods. Retrospective observational study of patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy at the Clínica Universitaria Colombia over a period of ten years, between 2013 and 2023. Perioperative results were described in terms of hospital stay, operative bleeding, duration of the procedure, complications, causes of reintervention, and mortality in the first 30 days. Results. 418 patients were included, 58.9% men, with an average age of 60.88 years. An average surgical time of 228.7 minutes was documented, with a blood loss of 150 ml. The mean number of lymph nodes resected was 26.1 ± 11.4. The average hospital stay was 4 ± 4 days, and complications were recorded in 104 subjects, with an average rate of 24%, of which 29 (27.4%) obtained a Clavien-Dindo IIIB classification. Conclusions. Laparoscopic gastrectomy in a high-volume center and with experienced surgeons in Colombia has perioperative results similar to those reported in the world literature. Studies with greater strength of association are still required to establish recommendations on the routine use of this approach in advanced malignant pathology.

Resumen Introducción. El cáncer gástrico en Colombia es la segunda neoplasia más común en hombres y la cuarta en mujeres. En los últimos años se han descrito ampliamente los beneficios del abordaje laparoscópico en el cáncer gástrico frente a sangrado, recuperación postoperatoria y complicaciones, sin afectar los resultados oncológicos. Métodos. Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes llevados a gastrectomía laparoscópica en la Clínica Universitaria Colombia durante un período de diez años, entre 2013 y 2023. Se describieron los resultados perioperatorios en cuanto a estancia hospitalaria, sangrado operatorio, duración del procedimiento, complicaciones, causas de reintervención y mortalidad en los primeros 30 días. Resultados. Se incluyeron 418 pacientes, 58,9 % hombres, con una edad promedio de 60,8 años. Se documentó un tiempo quirúrgico promedio de 228,7 minutos, con un sangrado de 150 ml. La media de ganglios linfáticos resecados fue de 26,1 ± 11,4. La estancia hospitalaria en promedio fue de 4 ± 4 días, y se registraron complicaciones en 104 sujetos, con una tasa promedio de 24 %, de las cuales 29 (27,4 %) obtuvieron una clasificación Clavien-Dindo IIIB. Conclusiones. La gastrectomía por laparoscopia en un centro de alto volumen y con cirujanos experimentados en Colombia, tiene resultados perioperatorios similares a lo reportado en la literatura mundial. Aún se requiere de estudios de mayor fuerza de asociación para establecer recomendaciones sobre el uso rutinario de este abordaje en patología maligna avanzada.

Abstract: This paper proposes to examine the quality of democracy from four dimensions related to the improvement of functions in democracy using governance as an analytical frame. The objective is to create an indicator to analyze Fundar’s contribution to the quality of democracy after its collaboration in the advocacy of transparency; the main contribution is the explanation of the dimensions that apply to Fundar’s collaboration in transparency and a collaboration scale that measures their contribution to the quality of democracy. It is concluded that the role of Fundar in promoting transparency contributes to increasing the quality of democracy in Mexico at a medium level.

Resumen: El artículo propone examinar la calidad de la democracia a partir de cuatro dimensiones relacionadas con la mejora de funciones en la democracia, usando la gobernanza como herramienta analítica. El objetivo es crear un indicador para analizar el aporte de Fundar a la calidad de la democracia luego de su colaboración en la defensa de la transparencia; el aporte principal es la explicación de las dimensiones que se aplican a la colaboración de Fundar en la transparencia y una escala de colaboración que mide su contribución a la calidad de la democracia. Se concluye que el papel de Fundar en el impulso a la transparencia contribuye a incrementar la calidad de la democracia en México en un nivel medio.

RESUMEN Introducción: En 2020, Colombia adoptó diferentes medidas para mitigar el impacto de la pandemia por Covid-19, principalmente medidas de aislamiento social y fortalecimiento en la prestación de servicios hospitalarios. Sin embargo, el país no contempló acciones para abordar los otros problemas en salud, como tampoco consideró la relevancia de la Atención Primaria en Salud (APS) para responder a la pandemia. Por lo cual se realizó una investigación para indagar por la oferta y posicionamiento de la APS entre los tomadores de decisiones para atender la emergencia de Covid-19 durante la primera ola de la pandemia y los aprendizajes para las siguientes. Metodología: De abril a junio de 2020 se realizó un estudio descriptivo exploratorio mixto en 2 fases: (1) Encuesta a tomadores de decisiones, prestadores y académicos, y (2) Grupo focal a informantes clave. Resultados: La encuesta fue respondida por 227 participantes, 41 % académicos, 34.8 % prestadores y 17.6 % funcionarios de direcciones locales de salud; el 28.2 % consideró que la APS estuvo adaptada en los territorios para diferentes programas de salud por ciclo vital y entre el 80 al 98 % que la APS debía instaurarse en el territorio para vigilancia de casos, atención ambulatoria, manejo de pacientes crónicos, atención de otros programas y educación sanitaria. En el grupo focal participaron 12 informantes claves, quienes concluyeron que desde la autoridad sanitaria se debía promover la integración de la APS de forma urgente en los territorios, y garantizar una gobernanza eficaz para lograrlo; igualmente, recomendaron intensificar la alfabetización en salud y el empoderamiento de la población para la adopción de medidas individuales y colectivas. Conclusiones: Se concluye que la APS era una oportunidad para responder a la primera ola de la pandemia, como también para subsanar los problemas actuales y anticiparse a problemas futuros. Por lo cual, la APS debe convertirse en una política de Estado.

ABSTRACT Introduction: In 2020, Colombia adopted different measures to mitigate the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, social isolation measures and strengthening the provision of hospital services. However, the country did not contemplate actions to address other health problems, nor did it consider the relevance of Primary Health Care (PHC) to respond to the pandemic. Therefore, an investigation was done to investigate the offer and positioning of PHC among decision-makers to address the Covid-19 emergency during the first wave of the pandemic and the learning for the following ones. Methodology: From April to June 2020, a mixed exploratory descriptive study was conducted in two phases: (1) a survey of decision-makers, providers, and academics, and (2) a focus group of key informants. Results: The survey was answered by 227 participants, 41 % academics, 34.8 % providers, and 17.6 % officials from local health directorates; 28.2 % considered that PHC was adapted in the territories for different life cycle health programs, and between 80 and 98 % that PHC should be established in the territory for case surveillance, outpatient care, management of chronic patients, care of other programs and health education. Twelve key informants participated in the focus group, who concluded that the health authority should urgently promote the integration of PHC in the territories, and guarantee effective governance to achieve it; Likewise, they recommended intensifying health literacy and the empowerment of the population for the adoption of individual and collective measures. Conclusions: It is concluded that PHC was an opportunity to respond to the first wave of the pandemic, as well as to correct current problems and anticipate future problems. Therefore, PHC must become a state policy.

Abstract The ecotone is of great importance given the environmental services they provide both to the environment and to human wellbeing. The objective was to know the structure and floristic composition of a contact zone between two types of bushes and also to know the potential it has as a carbon sink. Importance value indices, vertical species distribution, Margalef, Shannon, and true Shannon diversity, as well as biomass, total area, and carbon concentration were determined. Eleven species of vascular plants were recorded, the best represented family was Fabaceae and Cordia boisieri was the species with the highest importance value index. The diversity of the plant community is low according to the Shannon index. The total canopy area was 4 276.03 m2 ha-1, while the vertical index of species defined three height strata. The stored carbon is 2.82 Mg ha-1, while the total aerial biomass was 5 667.15 kg ha-1.

Resumen El ecotono es de gran importancia dado los servicios ambientales que prestan tanto al ambiente como al ser humano. El objetivo fue conocer la estructura y la composición florística en una zona de contacto entre dos tipos de matorrales y conocer además el potencial que tiene como sumidero de carbono. Se determinaron los índices de valor de importancia, distribución vertical de especies, Margalef, Shannon y la diversidad verdadera de Shannon. Además de la biomasa, área total y la concentración de carbono. Se registraron 11 especies de plantas vasculares, la familia mejor representada fue Fabaceae. La especie Cordia boisieri tuvo el mayor índice de valor de importancia. La diversidad de la comunidad vegetal fue baja. El área total de copa fue de 4 276.03 m2 ha-1, con tres estratos de altura. El carbono almacenado fue de 2.82 Mg ha-1, mientras que la biomasa aérea total fue de 567.15 kg ha-1.

ABSTRACT This report presents the case of an adult patient with mental and intellectual limitations, whose main complaint was dental aesthetics. Dental treatment was performed at the Piracicaba Dental School and approved by the Ethics Committee (CAAE: 65752322.2.0000.5418). Clinically, the patient had inadequacies in the dental arrangement, with periodontal involvement that put the dental elements at risk. In intraoral clinical aspects, the deficiency was identified as maxillary atresia. The buccolingual inclination of the mandibular anterior teeth highlighted the severe crowding and anterior crossing of these teeth. Dental treatment was carried out aiming at the remission of periodontal and orthodontic problems in an integrated manner and with approaches that allowed greater interaction, participation, and patient compliance during treatment. Supra and subgingival scrapings and extraction of the upper left lateral incisor were performed. After three months of periodontal treatment, orthodontic treatment was started with fixed orthodontic appliances. The main objective was to level and align the teeth in both arches to achieve better aesthetic and functional conditions. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, treatment has been discontinued. This resulted in the regression of the results obtained, including regarding self-care. People with disabilities require dental care with specific strategies for their needs, which must be carried out by a multidisciplinary team. Despite the access limitation imposed by the pandemic, the patient reestablished his motivation to restart treatment, which was facilitated by the bond of trust established between him and the team. limitations aesthetics CAAE (CAAE 65752322.2.0000.5418. 65752322200005418 65752322.2.0000.5418 . 65752322 2 0000 5418 65752322.2.0000.5418) Clinically arrangement risk aspects atresia interaction participation appliances conditions COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic discontinued obtained selfcare. selfcare self care. self-care needs team 6575232220000541 65752322.2.0000.541 6575232 000 541 COVID1 1 COVID- 657523222000054 65752322.2.0000.54 657523 00 54 65752322200005 65752322.2.0000.5 65752 0 5 6575232220000 65752322.2.0000. 6575 657523222000 65752322.2.0000 657 65752322200 65752322.2.000 65 6575232220 65752322.2.00 6 657523222 65752322.2.0 65752322.2. 65752322.2 65752322.

RESUMO Este relato apresenta o caso de um paciente adulto com limitações mentais e intelectuais, cuja queixa principal era a estética dental. O tratamento odontológico foi realizado na Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba e aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética (CAAE: 65752322.2.0000.5418). Clinicamente, o paciente apresentava inadequações no arranjo dentário, com comprometimento periodontal, que colocava em risco os elementos dentais. Nos aspectos clínicos intrabucais, a deficiência foi identificada como atresia maxilar. A inclinação vestíbulo-lingual dos dentes anteriores inferiores destacou o apinhamento severo e o cruzamento anterior desses dentes. O tratamento odontológico foi realizado visando à remissão dos problemas periodontais e ortodônticos de forma integrada e com abordagens que permitissem maior interação, participação e adesão do paciente durante o tratamento. Foram realizadas raspagens supra e subgengivais e extração do incisivo lateral superior esquerdo. Após três meses de tratamento periodontal, iniciou-se o tratamento ortodôntico com aparelhos ortodônticos fixos. O objetivo principal foi nivelar e alinhar os dentes em ambas as arcadas para alcançar melhores condições estéticas e funcionais. Devido à pandemia de COVID-19, o tratamento foi interrompido. Isso resultou na regressão dos resultados obtidos, inclusive quanto ao autocuidado. As pessoas com deficiência requerem atendimento odontológico com estratégias específicas para suas necessidades, que devem ser realizadas por uma equipe multidisciplinar. Apesar da limitação de acesso imposta pela pandemia, o paciente restabeleceu sua motivação para reiniciar o tratamento, o que foi facilitado pelo vínculo de confiança estabelecido entre ele e a equipe. intelectuais dental CAAE (CAAE 65752322.2.0000.5418. 65752322200005418 65752322.2.0000.5418 . 65752322 2 0000 5418 65752322.2.0000.5418) Clinicamente dentário periodontal dentais intrabucais maxilar vestíbulolingual vestíbulo lingual interação esquerdo iniciouse iniciou se fixos funcionais COVID19, COVID19 COVID 19, 19 COVID-19 interrompido obtidos autocuidado necessidades multidisciplinar 6575232220000541 65752322.2.0000.541 6575232 000 541 COVID1 1 COVID-1 657523222000054 65752322.2.0000.54 657523 00 54 COVID- 65752322200005 65752322.2.0000.5 65752 0 5 6575232220000 65752322.2.0000. 6575 657523222000 65752322.2.0000 657 65752322200 65752322.2.000 65 6575232220 65752322.2.00 6 657523222 65752322.2.0 65752322.2. 65752322.2 65752322.

ABSTRACT Background: The primary aim of this study is to assess the survival rates of individuals diagnosed with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) post-hospitalization in Colombia. Additionally, explore potential risk factors associated with decreased long-term survival. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a hospital in Colombia, evaluating survival at 3, 6 and 12 months in CAP patients, using the Kaplan-Meier method. Stratifications were made by age, sex, comorbidity, and severity. The comparison of survival curves was performed using the Log-Rank test, a multivariate analysis with Cox regression was performed to study possible risk factors that affected 12-month survival in patients with CAP. Results: 3688 subjects were admitted, with a mortality of 16.3 % per year. Survival at three, six, and twelve months was 92.9 % (95 % CI 92–93 %), 88.8 % (95 % CI 87–90 %), and 84.2 % (95 % CI 82–85 %), respectively. Analysis stratified by pneumonia severity index, 12-month survival was 98.7 % in Class I, 95.6 % in Class II, 87.41 % in Class III, 77.1 % in Class IV, and 65.8 % in class-V (p < 0.001). Cox-regression showed that being male (HR = 1.44; 95 % CI 1.22–1.70; p < 0.001), an elevated pneumonia severity index (HR = 4.22; 95 % CI 1.89–9.43; p < 0.001), a high comorbidity index (HR = 2.29; 95 % CI 1.89–2.84; p < 0.001) and vasopressor requirement (HR = 2.22; 95 % CI < 0.001) were associated with a lower survival at twelve months of follow-up. Conclusion: Survival in patients with CAP who require hospitalization decreases at 3, 6, and 12 months of follow-up, being lower in patients older than 65 years, men, high comorbidity, and in subjects with severe presentation of the disease. Background CommunityAcquired Community Acquired (CAP posthospitalization post Colombia Additionally longterm long term Methods 3 1 KaplanMeier Kaplan Meier method age sex LogRank Log Rank test 12month month Results 368 admitted 163 16 16. year three six 929 92 9 92. (9 9293 93 92–9 %, , %) 888 88 8 88. 8790 87 90 87–9 842 84 2 84. 8285 82 85 82–8 respectively 987 98 7 98. I 956 95. II 8741 41 87.4 III 771 77 77. IV 658 65. classV class V 0.001. 0001 0.001 . 0 001 Coxregression HR 1.44 144 44 1.22–1.70 122170 22 70 0.001, 4.22 422 4 1.89–9.43 189943 89 43 2.29 229 29 1.89–2.84 189284 2.22 222 followup. followup follow up. up follow-up Conclusion followup, up, years men disease 36 ( 92– 879 87– 828 82– 874 87. 000 0.00 00 1.4 14 1.22–1.7 12217 4.2 42 1.89–9.4 18994 2.2 1.89–2.8 18928 0.0 1. 1.22–1. 1221 4. 1.89–9. 1899 2. 1.89–2. 1892 0. 1.22–1 122 1.89–9 189 1.89–2 1.22– 1.89– 18 1.22 1.89 1.2 1.8

Abstract The use of chitosan-iodine (Cs-I) complexes can be a good strategy to improve the nutraceutical quality and the concentration of I in the edible part of crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of biofortification via foliar of I in a complex with Cs on the nutraceutical quality of jalapeño pepper fruits. The treatments were the following: absolute control, 1% Cs and I complex (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg L-1) + 1% Cs. The application of the 15 mg L-1 complex of Cs-I improved the nutraceutical quality of the fruits, in contrast to the application of 1% Cs individually. In addition, as the dose of the Cs-I complex increases, the accumulation of I in the fruit increases. The use of the Cs-I complex is an alternative to modulate the nutraceutical quality and I content in jalapeño pepper fruits.

Resumen El uso de complejos quitosano-yodo (Cs-I) puede ser una buena estrategia para mejorar la calidad nutracéutica y la concentración de I en la parte comestible de los cultivos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los efectos de la biofortificación vía foliar de I en complejo con Cs sobre la calidad nutracéutica de frutos de chile jalapeño. Los tratamientos fueron los siguientes: control absoluto, 1% Cs y complejo I (5, 10, 15, 20 y 25 mg L-1) + 1% Cs. La aplicación del complejo de Cs-I con 15 mg L-1 mejoró la calidad nutracéutica de los frutos, en contraste con la aplicación de 1% Cs de forma individual. Además, a medida que aumenta la dosis del complejo Cs-I, aumenta la acumulación de I en el fruto. El uso del complejo Cs-I es una alternativa para modular la calidad nutracéutica y el contenido de I en frutos de chile jalapeño.

Abstract Nowadays, cardiac transplant is considered the most efficient treatment to better the prognosis in patients with last stage cardiac insufficiency that is impossible to obtain through regular medical and/or surgical treatments. We report the case of the first cardiac transplant performed at the General Hospital of Mexico "Dr. Eduardo Liceaga," we describe the patient's and donor's characteristics, pre- and post-surgical management, immunosuppressive therapy, cardiac rehabilitation, and patient follow-up. As well as the multidisciplinary approach necessary to achieve a successful result.

Abstract Introduction: peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is considered an underdiagnosed pathology that affects nearly 200 million people and is associated with a high burden of morbidity and mortality. In many cases, endovascular management is preferred over open surgery, especially in patients with multiple comorbidities that limit the latter approach. However, it has limitations related to the use of contrast medium in the context of patients who additionally have multiple comorbidities, including kidney disease, which can compromise their underlying pathology. Therefore, the need arises to implement a method that limits the use of contrast, without compromising the technical success of the procedure. Materials and methods: a retrospective analysis of those patients who received endovascular treatment under ultrasonography guidance for the treatment of acute limb ischemia and their postoperative outcome. Objective: describe the characteristics of the arterial lesions, the post-surgical results and the complications of the patients who received management of arterial occlusive disease with extremity threat by endovascular approach under ultrasonographic guidance, at the University Hospital La Samaritana (Bogotá, Colombia) between 2018 - 2022. Results: a total of 40 patients were identified with 3 types of lesions including stenosis, and mixed lesions. Those patients received either balloon angioplasty, angioplasty with stent or thrombectomies. The main associated complication was pseudoaneurysm after arterial catheter removal in 22.5 %, followed by arterial dissection in 13 %. Post-surgical success was considered in 92.7 % of patients, evidenced either on the improvement in the percentage of final peak systolic velocity or in the morphology of the artery distal to the intervened segment. Conclusion: The use of ultrasonography as a guide for endovascular procedures is presented as an alternative to conventional angiography, with good success rates.

Resumen Introducción: la enfermedad arterial periférica (EAP) se considera una patología infradiagnosticada que afecta a cerca de doscientos millones de personas y se asocia con una alta carga de morbimortalidad. En muchos casos, se prefiere el manejo endovascular sobre el quirúrgico abierto, especialmente en pacientes con múltiples comorbilidades, que limitan este último abordaje. Sin embargo, presenta limitaciones relacionadas con el uso de medio de contraste en pacientes que adicionalmente presentan múltiples comorbilidades, incluyendo enfermedad renal, que podría comprometer su patología de base. Por esto, surge la necesidad de implementar un método que limite el uso de contraste sin comprometer el éxito técnico del procedimiento. Objetivo: describir las características de las lesiones arteriales, los resultados posquirúrgicos y las complicaciones de los pacientes que recibieron manejo de la EAP vía endovascular bajo guía ultrasonográfica. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un análisis retrospectivo de los pacientes que recibieron tratamiento endovascular bajo guía ultrasonográfica para el tratamiento de EAP con amenaza de la extremidad y su resultado posoperatorio durante el periodo comprendido entre enero de 2018 y enero de 2022 en el Hospital Universitario Samaritana (Bogotá, Colombia). Resultados: se identificaron un total de 40 pacientes con 3 tipos de lesiones, incluyendo estenosis, oclusiones y lesiones mixtas, que fueron intervenidas con angioplastia con balón o con stent o trombectomías, todos bajo guía ultrasonográfica. La principal complicación asociada fue el pseudoaneurisma posterior a la retirada del catéter arterial en el 22,5 % de las ocasiones, seguida de la disección arterial, en el 13 % de las veces. Se consideró éxito posquirúrgico en el 92,7 % de los pacientes, evidenciado por mejoría en el porcentaje de velocidad pico sistólica final o en la morfología de la arteria distal al segmento intervenido. Conclusión: el uso de la ultrasonografía como guía de procedimientos endovasculares constituye una alternativa a la angiografía convencional, con buenas tasas de éxito.

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar las diferencias y similitudes en el cuadro clínico, los hallazgos de laboratorio y desenlaces médicos de pacientes pediátricos con enfermedad de Kawasaki versus síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico. Métodos: Estudio comparativo y retrospectivo, efectuado en niños con enfermedad de Kawasaki, atendidos en el Hospital Pediátrico de Sinaloa, entre el 1 de enero de 2004 al 31 de marzo de 2020, y pacientes con síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico (según los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud), del 1 de mayo de 2020 al 31 de mayo de 2021. Se evaluaron las características demográficas, epidemiológicos y clínicas, además de los hallazgos de laboratorio, tipo de tratamiento y desenlaces clínicos en ambos grupos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 81 pacientes: 62 con enfermedad de Kawasaki y 19 con síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico. Se encontraron varias diferencias clínicas y de laboratorio en ambas alteraciones. La mediana de edad fue menor en pacientes con enfermedad de Kawasaki versus síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico (25 vs 79 meses). La mayoría de los pacientes con enfermedad de Kawasaki fueron hombres (64.5 vs 47.4%), con características mucocutáneas (93.5 vs 63.2%): cambios orales (83.9 vs 63.2%) y cambios en las extremidades (77.4 vs 57.9%); la forma completa de enfermedad de Kawasaki fue 75.8 vs 47.4%, concomitante con aneurisma de la arteria coronaria (16.1 vs 11.8%). Los hallazgos más frecuentes en sujetos con síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico fueron: afectación gastrointestinal (89.4 vs 9.6 %), choque (57.9 vs 3.2%), síntomas neurológicos (63.1 vs 11.2%), afectación renal (52.6 vs 16.1%) y cardiopatías en general (52.9 vs 29%): disfunción miocárdica (23.5 vs 11.3%) y derrame pericárdico (17.6 vs 2.9%). La concentración media de linfocitos fue: 2.07 + 2.03 vs 4.28 + 3.01/mm3), plaquetas (197.89 + 187.51 vs 420.37 + 200.08/mm3); albúmina sérica (2.29 + 0.65 vs 3.33 + 0.06 g/dL) y PCR (21.4 + 11.23 vs 14.26 + 12.37 mg/dL). Los tratamientos en enfermedad de Kawasaki vs síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico: IVIG (96.8 vs 94.7%), corticosteroides sistémicos (4.82 vs 94.7%), resistencia a IVIG (19.4 vs 15.8). La mortalidad fue de 0 vs 5.3%. Conclusión: Se encontraron similitudes en cuanto a síntomas en ambos grupos (fiebre, exantema y conjuntivitis); no obstante, hubo diferencias significativas respecto de las manifestaciones clínicas, con afección multiorgánico y peor respuesta inflamatoria en pacientes con síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico, incluso mayor requerimiento de reposición de líquidos, administración de agentes inotrópicos, dosis más altas de corticosteroides, y elevada tasa de mortalidad. Estos resultados se han observado en otros estudios, donde se compararon ambos trastornos.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the differences and similarities in clinical picture, laboratory findings and outcomes between children's with Kawasaki Disease (KD) versus multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). Methods: We conducted a retrospective, comparative study from children with Kawasaki Disease (KD) hospitalized in Sinaloa Pediatric Hospital from January 1, 2004, to March 31, 2020, and patients with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) according with World Health Organization (WHO) case definition criteria between May 1, 2020 and May 31, 2021. Demographic characteristics, epidemiological data, clinical features, laboratory findings, type of treatment and clinical outcomes were compared among both groups. Results: Eighty-one patients were included (62 patients with KD and 19 with MIS-C). several clinical and laboratory differences were found among these two entities. Median age was lower in KD vs. MIS-C (25 vs 79 months). Those finding more frequent in KD were male gender (64.5 vs. 47.4%), Mucocutaneous features (93.5 vs. 63.2%): Oral changes (83.9 vs. 63.2%) and extremity changes (77.4 vs. 57.9%); complete form of KD was (75.8 vs. 47.4%), Coronary artery aneurysm (16.1 vs. 11.8%). Secondly, findings that were more frequent in MIS-C than KD were Gastrointestinal involvement (89.4 vs. 9.6%), shock (57.9 vs. 3.2%), neurological symptoms (63.1 vs. 11.2%), kidney involvement (52.6 vs. 16.1%), heart disease in general (52.9% vs 29%): Myocardial dysfunction (23.5 vs. 11.3%) and pericardial effusion (17.6 vs. 2.9%). Lymphocyte count (2.07 + 2.03 vs. 4.28 + 3.01/mm3), platelet count (197.89 + 187.51 vs. 420.37 + 200.08/mm3); serum albumin (2.29 + 0.65 vs. 3.33 + 0.06g/dL), and CPR (21.4 + 11.23 vs. 14.26 + 12.37 mg/dL). KD vs. MIS-C types of Treatment: IVIG (96.8 vs. 94.7%), systemic steroids (4.82 vs. 94.7%), IVIG resistance (19.4 vs. 15.8). Finally, mortality in KD was 0% and 5.3% in MIS-C. Conclusion: Similarities were found in both groups such as fever, rash, and conjunctivitis. Nevertheless, significant differences such as severity of clinical presentation with multi-organ involvement and worst inflammatory response were found more frequently in MIS-C group than KD group, requiring more fluid replacement, use of inotropic agents and higher steroids dosages. Also, mortality rate was higher in patients with MIS-C than patients with KD. Similar results have been observed in other studies where both disorders were compared.

Resumen: Introducción: existe poca información sobre la cantidad de anticuerpos anti-spike IgG para COVID-19 que se pasan al recién nacido mediante la vacunación a madres embarazadas. Material y métodos: estudio transversal, descriptivo y analítico realizado en el Servicio de Neonatología del Hospital Angeles Pedregal en el que se recolectaron recién nacidos de madres que cumplieran esquema de vacunación durante noviembre de 2021 a mayo de 2022. Resultados: fueron incluidos 106 recién nacidos. De las embarazadas 75.5% (80/106) tenían vacuna con mecanismo de ARNm. Presentaron el siguiente promedio de anticuerpos por vacuna: Moderna: 15,324.4, Sputnik: 13,498, Pfizer-BioNTech: 11,635 y AstraZeneca: 4,831.9. De acuerdo con el trimestre de gestación, fueron las siguientes cifras: primero: 6,395-15,020, segundo: 9,302-25,131 y tercero: 4,843-9,440. Recibir una dosis adicional de vacunación presenta los siguientes valores en comparación a los que no recibieron refuerzo: 18,235 vs 7,311, respectivamente. Conclusiones: es de vital importancia la vacunación de las embarazadas durante la gestación con cualquier tipo de vacuna. Se puede comprobar que el trimestre de gestación que mayor cantidad de anticuerpos pasa al recién nacido es el segundo trimestre. Recibir una dosis adicional de vacunación otorga un incremento importante en la cantidad de anticuerpos presentes al momento del nacimiento.

Abstract: Introduction: there is little information on the amount of anti-spike IgG antibodies for COVID-19 that are passed to the newborn through vaccination of pregnant mothers. Material and methods: cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study carried out in the Neonatology Service of Hospital Angeles Pedregal, where newborns of mothers who complied with the vaccination schedule were collected from November 2021 to May 2022. Results: there were 106 patients where it was found that 75.5% (80/106) had a vaccine with an mRNA mechanism. They presented the following average number of antibodies per vaccine: Moderna (15,324.4), Sputnik (13,498), Pfizer-BioNTech (11,635), and AstraZeneca (4,831.9). According to trimester of pregnancy the following numbers were: first (6,395-15,020), second (9,302-25,131) and third (4,843-9,440). Receiving an additional dose of vaccination presents the following values compared to those who did not receive a booster (18,235 vs 7,311). Conclusions: it is vitally important to vaccinate pregnant women during pregnancy with any type of vaccine. It can be verified that the gestation trimester in which the greatest number of antibodies passes to the newborn is the second trimester. Receiving an additional dose of vaccination provides a significant increase in the number of antibodies present at birth.

Resumen Introducción: los osteocitos son capaces de detectar diferentes señales, transducirlas en respuestas biológicas y trasmitirlas a los osteoblastos y osteoclastos, permitiendo el mantenimiento de la homeostasis ósea. La mecanotransducción ósea es posible gracias a que los osteocitos presentan diferentes estructuras mecanosensoras como las conexinas (Cx), las integrinas, el cilio primario e incluso receptores acoplados a proteínas G como el receptor de la parathormona tipo 1 (PTH1R). Objetivo: analizar la posible interacción de los diferentes elementos mecanosensores de los osteocitos y ver su influencia en la respuesta biológica. Material y métodos: se trabajó con las líneas celulares osteocíticas MLO-Y4 Cx43+/+ (scrambled (SCR) y ARNi α2) y Cx43-/-. Resultados y conclusión: los resultados obtenidos muestran que la Cx43 y la integrina α2 se encuentran involucradas en el aumento de la longitud del cilio primario, afectando potencialmente a su funcionalidad como mecanosensor (SCR vs. ARNi α2, p < 0,0001 SCR vs. Cx43-/- y p < 0,0001 ARNi α2 vs. Cx43-/-). La integrina α2 también influyó en la localización celular de Cx43 promoviendo que esta se encuentre en la membrana plasmática. También se observó que la activación de PTH1R por agonistas como parathormona (PTH) y proteína relacionada con la parathormona (PTHrP) inducen la fosforilación de la quinasa ERK 1/2, y estos efectos podrían verse afectados por la deficiencia en Cx43, pero no parecen ser mediados por el silenciamiento de integrina α2. Finalmente, se observó que la presencia de la Cx43 y de integrina α2 en los osteocitos aumenta su capacidad de adhesión (Cx43+/+ SCR y ARNi α2 vs. CX43-/- p < 0,001 y p = 0,0039) y que la deficiencia en Cx43 provoca un incremento de la mortalidad de estas células (Cx43-/- vs. Cx43+/+ p = 0,0074).

Abstract Background: osteocytes are capable of detecting different signals, transducing them into biological responses and transmitting them to osteoblasts and osteoclasts, allowing the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Bone mechanotransduction is possible because osteocytes have different mechanosensor structures such as connexins (Cxs), integrins, the primary cilium and even receptors coupled to G proteins such as the type 1 parathyroid hormone receptor (PTH1R). Objective: to analyze the possible interaction of the different mechanosensor elements of the osteocytes and to observe their influence on the biological response. Material and methods: we worked with the osteocytic cell lines MLO-Y4 Cx43+/+ (scrambled [SCR] and RNAi α2) and Cx43-/-. Results and conclusion: our results show that Cx43 and integrin α2 are involved in lengthening the primary cilium, potentially affecting its functionality as a mechanosensor (SCR vs RNAi α2, p < 0.0001 SCR vs Cx43-/- and p < 0.0001 RNAi α2 vs Cx43-/-). The α2 integrin also influenced the cellular localization of Cx43, promoting its presence in the plasma membrane. Activation of PTH1R by agonists such as parathyroid hormone (PTH) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) was also found to induce ERK 1/2 kinase phosphorylation, and these effects could be affected by Cx43 deficiency, but do not appear to be. mediated by the silencing of α2 integrin. Finally, it was observed that the presence of Cx43 and integrin α2 in osteocytes increases their adhesion capacity (Cx43+/+ SCR and RNAi α2 vs CX43-/- p < 0.001 and p = 0.0039) and that deficiency in Cx43 causes an increase in the mortality of these cells (Cx43-/- vs Cx43+/+ p = 0.0074).

Abstract Introduction The evolution of new techniques, technologies, and materials significantly influences the clinical practice of endodontics, thus profoundly impacting the approach to root canal treatments. While information about various treatment methods practiced by dentists in other cities or countries is available, there is a notable gap in our understanding of endodontic practices in the Porto Alegre city. Objective The objective of this study is to analyze the endodontic practices employed by dentists in dental clinics located in Porto Alegre city. We aimed to explore the techniques, materials, and equipment routinely utilized during endodontic treatments. Material and method An online questionnaire using the Google Forms platform was administered, consisting of twenty-six open and closed questions to dentists performing endodontic treatments in dental clinics. The questionnaire was structured to assess the materials, techniques, and equipment employed during endodontic procedures. Data collected from the questionnaires were recorded in an Excel® spreadsheet. Data analysis encompassed both absolute and relative frequency for closed questions and also a descriptive approach for open-ended questions. Results Participation was obtained from 15.57% of dental clinics registered with CRO/RS. The findings indicated that the majority of materials and techniques applied in endodontic treatment could be aligned with recommendations found in the scientific literature. Conclusion The clinical protocols observed by the participants in endodontic practice demonstrated a solid foundation in both clinical and scientific literature. technologies endodontics available city administered twentysix twenty six procedures Excel spreadsheet openended ended 1557 15 57 15.57 CRORS CRO RS CRO/RS literature 155 1 5 15.5 15.

Resumo Introdução O desenvolvimento de novas técnicas, tecnologias e materiais influenciam a prática clínica da endodontia e impactam consideravelmente a forma como o tratamento do canal radicular é realizado. Embora existam informações sobre as várias formas de tratamentos praticados por dentistas em outras cidades e/ou países, muito pouco se sabe sobre as endodontias realizadas em clínicas odontológicas na cidade de Porto Alegre/RS. Objetivo Analisar a prática endodôntica realizada por dentistas nas clínicas odontológicas na cidade de Porto Alegre/RS, visando explorar as técnicas, materiais e equipamentos empregados durante o tratamento. Material e método Foi aplicado um questionário online, por meio da Plataforma Google Forms, com vinte e seis questões abertas e fechadas aos dentistas que realizam tratamentos endodônticos em clínicas odontológicas. O questionário foi estruturado a fim de analisar os materiais, técnicas e equipamentos que estão presentes nos tratamentos endodônticos realizados pelos dentistas nas clínicas odontológicas aqui avaliadas. Os dados coletados nos questionários foram transferidos para uma planilha Excel®. A análise dos dados foi feita de duas formas: frequência absoluta e relativa para as questões fechadas, e descritiva para as questões abertas. Resultado 15,57% das clínicas odontológicas registradas no CRO/RS participaram da presente pesquisa. Foi possível verificar que a maioria dos materiais e técnicas aplicadas no tratamento endodôntico são os mesmos recomendados pela literatura científica. Conclusão Os protocolos clínicos em endodontia seguidos pelos participantes do presente estudo apresentam embasamento clínico e científico na literatura. realizado eou ou países AlegreRS Alegre RS Alegre/RS online Forms avaliadas Excel Excel® 1557 15 57 15,57 CRORS CRO pesquisa científica 155 1 5 15,5 15,

RESUMEN El enriquecimiento de las propuestas bioéticas construidas desde y para Latinoamérica ha ido en aumento en las últimas décadas, a efecto de contribuir a ello es que nuestro objetivo es presentar una propuesta de interpretación bioética en clave filosófica a partir de la identificación de los conceptos centrales de la filósofa mexicana Juliana González Valenzuela. Se identificó un doble fundamento bio-ontológico: a) la “fenomenología dialéctica de la vida” que permite la síntesis entre el aspecto biológico y cultural del ser humano, así como la superación de sus contradicciones; y b) el Homo humanus que posibilita la existencia del ser bio-ético afirmado en tanto un ser auténtico y en tanto busca una vida buena (eu-bíos y eu-zoein). La reflexión y crítica de las implicaciones que el fundamento bio-ontológico apareja hipotéticamente al derecho y al poder, nos llevó a identificar las principales líneas argumentativas, pero principalmente se evidenció el vínculo necesario entre el ser bio-ético y dichas disciplinas, en virtud de su naturaleza social y comunitaria (zoon politikón, ζῷον πολῑτῐκόν).

ABSTRACT The enrichment of bioethical proposals built from and for Latin America has been increasing in recent decades. In order to contribute to this, our objective is to present a proposal for a bioethical interpretation from a philosophical approach based on the identification of central concepts of Mexican philosopher Juliana González Valenzuela. A dual bio-ontological foundation was identified: a) the “dialectic phenomenology of life,” which allows the synthesis between the biological and cultural aspects of human beings, as well as the overcoming of its contradictions; and b) the Homo humanus, which enables the existence of the bio-ethical being affirmed as an authentic being and one who seeks a good life (eu-bios and eu-zoein). Reflection on and critique of the implications that the bio-ontological foundation hypothetically couples to law and power led us to identify main arguments. However, the necessary link between the bio-ethical being and said disciplines was evidenced by virtue of their social and communitarian nature (zoon politikón, ζῷον πολῑτῐκόν).