Pesquisa | SciELO

Resumen Antecedentes: El cáncer de células pequeñas (CPCP) representa el 13-15% del total de neoplasias primarias de pulmón. Se caracteriza por su rapidez en la tasa de crecimiento y en el desarrollo de metástasis a distancia. Objetivos: Orientar y estandarizar el tratamiento del CPCP enfermedad extensa en México basado en evidencia clínica nacional e internacional. Material y métodos: Este documento se desarrolló como una colaboración del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología y la Sociedad Mexicana de Oncología en cumplimiento con estándares internacionales. Se integró un grupo conformado por oncólogos médicos, cirujanos oncólogos, cirujanos de tórax, radio-oncólogos y metodólogos con experiencia en revisiones sistemáticas de la literatura y guías de práctica clínica. Resultados: Se consensaron, por el método Delphi y en reuniones a distancia, las recomendaciones en CPCP enfermedad extensa, producto de preguntas de trabajo. Se identificó y evaluó la evidencia científica que responde a cada una de dichas preguntas clínicas antes de incorporarla al cuerpo de la guía. Conclusión: Esta guía proporciona recomendaciones clínicas para el manejo de la enfermedad extensa del CPCP y durante el proceso de toma de decisiones de los clínicos involucrados con su manejo en nuestro país para mejorar la calidad de la atención clínica para estos pacientes.

Abstract Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents 13-15% of all primary lung neoplasms and is characterized by its rapid growth rate and the rapid development of distant metastases. Objectives: To guide and standardize the treatment of extensive disease small cell lung cancer in Mexico based on national and international clinical evidence. Material and methods: This document was developed as a collaboration between the National Cancer Institute and the Mexican Society of Oncology in compliance with international standards. An interdisciplinary group was formed, including medical oncologists, oncological surgeons, thoracic surgeons, radiation oncologists, and methodologists with experience in systematic reviews of the literature and clinical practice guidelines. Results: A consensus was reached, both by the Delphi method and in remote meetings, of extensive disease recommendations resulting from work questions. The scientific evidence that answers each of these clinical questions was identified and critically evaluated, before being incorporated into the body of evidence of the Guide. Conclusions: This Clinical Practice Guide provides clinical recommendations for the management of extensive disease of SCLC to contribute to the decision-making process of the clinicians involved with its management in our country, hoping that this will contribute to improving the quality of clinical care in these patients.

https://doi.org/10.24875/j.gamo.22000122

Los pastizales y matorrales de zonas áridas y semiáridas de México: Estatus actual, retos y perspectivas
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Jurado-Guerra, Pedro

; Velázquez-Martínez, Mauricio

; Sánchez-Gutiérrez, Ricardo Alonso

; Álvarez-Holguín, Alan

; Domínguez-Martínez, Pablo Alfredo

; Gutiérrez-Luna, Ramón

; Garza-Cedillo, Rubén Darío

; Luna-Luna, Miguel

; Chávez-Ruiz, Manuel Gustavo

Revista mexicana de ciencias pecuarias

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2021, Volume 12 Supl. 3 Páginas 261 - 285

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract The objective was to review the current state of the semi-arid grasslands and arid scrublands of northern and central Mexico, as well as to analyze the challenges and perspectives of the use of these ecosystems. Since the 1950s, INIFAP, in collaboration with other institutions, has generated and transferred knowledge on rangeland management, which has reflected in the use of management practices on cattle ranches in the country. The grasslands and scrublands have suffered disturbances -particularly the opening of land for crops- and are deteriorated mainly from overgrazing. The use of grasslands and scrublands through grazing should include adequate stocking, grazing systems, and strategic grazing distribution practices. Despite the deterioration, there is a great diversity of genetic resources, mainly pastures, which can be used for conservation and seed production for the rehabilitation of grasslands. Although costly and risky, re-seeding is an option for restoring decayed grasslands or shrublands. These ecosystems can provide environmental services, mainly carbon sequestration, to mitigate climate change. The challenges are to generate, transfer, and apply knowledge and technological innovations in order to achieve sustainable management of grasslands and scrublands, despite some threats such as low investment in science and technology, climate change, and human greed. The joint and committed participation of all the actors and institutions involved in the use of these ecosystems is essential to attain this goal.

Resumen El objetivo fue revisar el estado actual de los pastizales semiáridos y matorrales áridos del norte y centro de México, así como analizar los retos y perspectivas del uso de estos ecosistemas. Desde la década de los años 1950, el INIFAP en colaboración con otras instituciones han generado y transferido conocimientos sobre manejo de pastizales, lo cual se ha reflejado en el uso de prácticas de manejo en los ranchos ganaderos del país. Los pastizales y matorrales han sufrido disturbios, principalmente la apertura de tierras para cultivos y se encuentran deteriorados principalmente por el sobrepastoreo. La utilización de los pastizales y matorrales a través del pastoreo debería incluir una carga animal adecuada, sistemas de pastoreo y prácticas estratégicas de distribución del pastoreo. A pesar del deterioro, existe una gran diversidad de recursos genéticos, principalmente de pastos, que pueden ser utilizados para conservación y producción de semilla para rehabilitación de los pastizales. La resiembra, aunque de alto costo y riesgo, es una opción para rehabilitar aquellos pastizales o matorrales deteriorados. Estos ecosistemas pueden proporcionar servicios ambientales, principalmente captura de carbono para mitigar el cambio climático. Los retos son generar, transferir y aplicar conocimientos e innovaciones tecnológicas para lograr un manejo sostenible de los pastizales y matorrales, a pesar de algunas amenazas como la baja inversión en ciencia y tecnología, el cambio climático y la avaricia humana. Para lograr esto, es imprescindible la participación conjunta y comprometida de todos los actores e instituciones involucrados en el uso de estos ecosistemas.

https://doi.org/10.22319/rmcp.v12s3.5875 390 downloads

First cytomolecular characterization of three Neotropical woody bamboos (Bambusoideae, Poaceae) suggests ancient diploidized karyotypes
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Zappelini, Julia

; Souza, Luiz Gustavo

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

; Pescador, Rosete

Acta Botanica Brasilica

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Dez 2020, Volume 34 Nº 4 Páginas 673 - 679

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Although karyotype features are useful data for evolutionary studies, cytogenetic data in Bambusoideae are mainly based only on chromosome counts. The first comparative cytogenetic analysis of three Neotropical woody bamboo species - Guadua chacoensis, G. angustifolia and Chusquea tenella - was undertaken based on new and reviewed chromosome counts, CMA/DAPI double staining, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 35S and 5S rDNA probes, and genome size estimation. The two species of Guadua were found to have 2n = 46 chromosomes, while the first record for C. tenella was 2n = 44. Only one pair of CMA+/DAPI- was detected on the terminal region of metacentric chromosomes in all three species. Likewise, one pair of 5S and 35S rDNA sites was detected in all three species, with the 35S rDNA sites always collocated with the CMA+ bands. Genome sizes ranged from 2C ≈ 3.99 pg for the species of Guadua, to 2C = 4.77 pg for C. tenella. Considering the Miocene origin of Neotropical woody bamboos, the observed karyotype stability suggests that the analyzed species are diploidized paleopolyploids. The results reveal the conservative cytomolecular organization of Neotropical woody bamboo karyotypes, which helps to improve our understanding of the evolution of this group.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0102-33062019abb0261 336 downloads

Aceitação de um programa mHealth para prevenção da obesidade em adolescentes: estudo misto sequencial
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Sousa, Pedro Miguel Lopes de

; Ferreira, Inês Margarida da Silva

; Filipe, Maria João Oliveira

; Guerra, Patrick Monteiro

; Ferreira, Raquel Antunes

; Lages, Marlene da Costa Coimbra

; Dixe, Maria dos Anjos

Revista de Enfermagem Referência

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Out 2020, Volume serV Nº 4 Páginas 1 - 8

Resumo: Es Pt En | Texto: Es Pt En | PDF: Es | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Marco contextual: El área de la salud se ha adaptado al uso de la tecnología y la ha utilizado como aliada relevante en los programas de monitorización y prevención de la obesidad y los problemas asociados. Objetivo: Evaluar la aceptación del programa terapéutico electrónico TeenPower en adolescentes. Metodología: Estudio mixto secuencial realizado en 47 estudiantes de 6.º a 8.º año de escolaridad en Portugal. En la primera fase se reunieron datos mediante un cuestionario que incluía datos sociodemográficos, cuestionario de aceptación, elecciones de alimentos, (in)satisfacción con la imagen corporal, perfil del estilo de vida y alfabetización electrónica en materia de salud. La segunda fase incluyó una sesión interactiva en línea con un foro de debate, seguida de un análisis del contenido de Bardin. Resultados: La aceptación del programa TeenPower por parte de los adolescentes presenta un valor positivo promedio en los 4 factores evaluados por la escala. También se constató que la alfabetización electrónica en materia de salud se relaciona positivamente con la percepción de la utilidad del TeenPower. Conclusión: La aceptación favorable de los programas terapéuticos electrónicos puede permitir la innovación y la mejora en la prevención de la obesidad, respondiendo así eficazmente a las expectativas y necesidades de los adolescentes.

Enquadramento: A área da saúde tem-se adaptado ao uso de tecnologia, recorrendo a esta como um aliado relevante em programas de monitorização e prevenção da obesidade e problemas associados. Objetivo: Avaliar a aceitação do programa e-terapêutico TeenPower em adolescentes. Metodologia: Estudo misto sequencial realizado em 47 alunos do 6º ao 8º ano de escolaridade em Portugal. Na primeira fase, os dados foram recolhidos através de questionário incluindo dados sociodemográficos, questionário de aceitação, escolhas alimentares, (in)satisfação com a imagem corporal, perfil do estilo de vida e e-literacia em saúde. A segunda fase incluiu uma sessão interativa online com fórum de discussão, seguida de análise de conteúdo de Bardin. Resultados: A aceitação do programa TeenPower por parte dos adolescentes apresenta um valor médio positivo nos 4 fatores avaliados pela escala. Verificou-se ainda que a e-literacia em saúde está positivamente relacionada com a perceção de utilidade do TeenPower. Conclusão: A aceitação favorável de programas e-terapêuticos pode permitir a inovação e melhoria na prevenção da obesidade, respondendo eficazmente às expectativas e necessidades dos adolescentes.

Background: The health area has been adapting to the use of technology, using it as an important ally in programs for monitoring and preventing obesity and associated problems. Objective: To assess the acceptance of the TeenPower e-therapeutic program in adolescents. Methodology: Sequential mixed-method study with 47 students in grades 6, 7, and 8 in Portugal. In the first phase, data were collected through a questionnaire consisting of sociodemographic data, acceptance questionnaire, food choices, body image (dis)satisfaction, lifestyle profile, and eHealth literacy. The second phase included an interactive online session with a discussion forum, followed by Bardin's content analysis. Results: The acceptance of the TeenPower program by adolescents had a positive mean score in the 4 factors assessed on the scale. eHealth literacy was also positively associated with the perceived usefulness of the TeenPower program. Conclusion: The successful acceptance of e-therapeutic programs can lead to innovation and improvement in obesity prevention, thus providing an effective response to the adolescents' expectations and needs.

https://doi.org/10.12707/RV20039 360 downloads

In vitro callogenesis for the induction of somatic embryogenesis and antioxidant production in Eugenia uniflora
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Stefenon, Valdir Marcos

; Marques Pinheiro, Marcos Vinicius

; de Freitas, Fábio Ribeiro

; da Silva, Viliano José Boing

; de Brum Vieira, Patrícia

; dos Santos, Daniele Damian

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

Biotecnología Vegetal

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Jun 2020, Volume 20 Nº 2 Páginas 135 - 146

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT Eugenia uniflora is an American tree species with ecological, agronomical and medicinal importance. However, just few studies have focused on the in vitro propagation and production of secondary metabolites. This study investigated the explant sources and culture conditions for the in vitro callogenesis in E. uniflora towards induction of somatic embryogenesis and production of antioxidant compounds. Nodal segments, leaf sections and root segments from in vitro germinated seeds were used as explants and eight different combinations of auxins (2,4-D or NAA) and cytokinins (BAP or TDZ) were tested for the callus induction. The best callogenic response was observed in nodal segments, followed by leaf sections. Root segments presented comparatively poorer callogenic performance. Calli from nodal segments cultivated in MS medium with NAA (10 µM) + TDZ (5 µM) originated putative pro-embryogenic structures, while the culture in liquid medium using MS supplemented with NAA (10 µM) + TDZ (5 µM) revealed significantly higher content of phenols and flavonoids, as well as higher reducing capacity than the tested treatments and the control (fresh leaves). In summary, the calli obtained from nodal segments revealed competence for somatic embryogenesis induction and development as well as the production of secondary metabolites with pharmaceutical potential.

RESUMEN Eugenia uniflora es una especie arbórea americana de importancia ecológica, agronómica y medicinal. Sin embargo, pocos estudios se han centrado en la propagación y producción in vitro de metabolitos secundarios. Este estudio investigó las fuentes de explantes y las condiciones de cultivo para la callogénesis in vitro en E. uniflora para la inducción de embriogénesis somática y la producción de compuestos antioxidantes. Se utilizaron segmentos nodales, secciones de hojas y segmentos de raíz de semillas germinadas in vitro como explantes y se probaron ocho combinaciones diferentes de auxinas (2,4-D o ANA) y citoquininas (BAP o TDZ) para la formación de callos. La mejor respuesta callogénica se observó en segmentos nodales, seguidos de secciones foliares. Los segmentos de raíz presentaron un rendimiento callogénico comparativamente menor. Los callos de segmentos nodales cultivados en medio de cultivo MS con NAA (10 µM) + TDZ (5 µM) originaron estructuras proembriogénicas putativas, mientras que el cultivo en MS medio líquido con ANA (10 µM) + TDZ (5 µM) reveló un contenido significativamente mayor de fenoles y flavonoides, así como una mayor capacidad reductora que los tratamientos probados y el control (hojas frescas). En resumen, los callos obtenidos de segmentos nodales revelaron competencia para la inducción y el desarrollo de embriogénesis somática, así como para la producción de metabolitos secundarios con potencial farmacéutico.

Dynamics of proteins, carbohydrates and global DNA methylation patterns during induction of nodular cluster cultures from seeds of Vriesea reitzii
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Corredor-Prado, Jenny Paola

; Conti, Daniela De

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

; Vesco, Lirio Luiz Dal

; Pescador, Rosete

Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy

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2020, Volume 42 elocation e42448

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT. Tissue culture techniques have been employed for bromeliad mass propagation by means of the morphogenetic route of nodular cluster cultures (NCs). This study aimed to assess protein, carbohydrate and global DNA methylation (GDM) level dynamics during NCs induction from Vriesea reitzii seeds. Seeds were inoculated into Murashige and Skoog (MS) liquid medium supplemented with 4 µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) to induce NCs and in culture medium without plant growth regulators to form normal seedlings. Samples collected at 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 21 days of culture were analyzed. All parameters assessed showed the same variation pattern. However, seeds inducing NCs showed significantly lower starch (6.0 mg g-1 FM), carbohydrate (10.7 mg g-1 FM) and GDM (11.0%) levels than seeds forming normal seedlings after 21 days in culture. On the other hand, the protein content (9.1 mg g-1 FM) was significantly higher during induction. NCs induction process through seeds is the result of gene reprogramming in the explant, which leads to morphological, biochemical and metabolic alterations. This involves dedifferentiation, high cell proliferation, high energy demand and protein synthesis, which is related to elevated metabolic activity.

https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v42i3.42448 340 downloads

Molecular relationships of Campomanesia xanthocarpa within Myrtaceae based on the complete plastome sequence and on the plastid ycf2 gene
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Machado, Lilian de Oliveira

; Vieira, Leila do Nascimento

; Stefenon, Valdir Marcos

; Faoro, Helisson

; Pedrosa, Fábio de Oliveira

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

; Nodari, Rubens Onofre

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2020, Volume 43 Nº 2 elocation e20180377

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Plastomes are very informative structures for comparative phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses. We sequenced and analyzed the complete plastome of Campomanesia xanthocarpa and compared its gene order, structure, and evolutionary characteristics within Myrtaceae. Analyzing 48 species of Myrtaceae, we identified six genes representing ‘hotspots’ of variability within the plastomes (ycf2, atpA, rpoC2, pcbE, ndhH and rps16), and performed phylogenetic analyses based on: (i) the ycf2 gene, (ii) all the six genes identified as ‘hotspots’ of variability, and (iii) the genes identified as ‘hotspots’ of variability, except the ycf2 gene. The structure, gene order, and gene content of the C. xanthocarpa plastome are similar to other Myrtaceae species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed the ycf2 gene as a promissing region for barcoding within this family, having also a robust phylogenetic signal. The synonymous and nonsynonymous substitution rates and the Ka/Ks ratio revealed low values for the ycf2 gene among C. xanthocarpa and the other 47 analyzed species of Myrtaceae, with moderate purifying selection acting on this gene. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) analysis of the whole plastomes produced phylogenetic trees supporting the monophyly of three Myrtaceae tribes. The findings of this study provide support for planning conservation, breeding, and biotechnological programs for this species.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2018-0377 531 downloads

Characterization of the complete plastid genome of Butia eriospatha (Arecaceae)
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de Souza Magnabosco, Jeison Willy

; de Freitas Fraga, Hugo Pacheco

; da Silva, Raquel Santos

; Rogalski, Marcelo

; de Souza, Emanuel Maltempi

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

; Vieira, Leila do Nascimento

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2020, Volume 43 Nº 4 elocation e20200023

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Butia eriospatha is an endemic palm species from the Atlantic Rainforest in Brazil, a biodiversity hotspot. This species is currently listed in the IUCN red list as vulnerable and lacks specific plastid markers for population genetics studies. In addition, the evolutionary relationship within the genus Butia is not yet well resolved. Here, we sequenced and characterized the complete plastid genome (plastome) sequence of B. eriospatha. The complete plastome sequence is 154,048 bp in length, with the typical quadripartite structure. This plastome length and genes content is consistent with other six species from tribe Cocoseae. However, the Inverted Repeat (IR) borders show some variation among the analyzed species from this tribe. Species from the Bactridinae (Astrocaryum and Acrocomia) and Elaeidinae (Elaeis) subtribes present the rps19 gene completely duplicated in the IR region. In contrast, all plastomes sequenced from the subtribe Attaleinae (Butia, Cocos, Syagrus) present one complete CDS of rps19 and one partial copy of rps19. The difference in the IR/LSC junctions between Attaleinae and the sister clades Bactridinae + Elaeidinae might be considered an evolutionary signal and the plastome sequence of B. eriopatha may be used in future studies of population genetics and phylogeny.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2020-0023 839 downloads

Comparison of in vitro callus-cultures from transgenic maize AG-5011YG (MON810) and conventional near-isogenic maize AG-5011
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Holderbaum, Daniel Ferreira

; Traavik, Terje Ingemar

; Nodari, Rubens Onofre

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology

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Jul 2019, Volume 19 Nº 2 Páginas 169 - 175

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract MON810 is a genetically-modified (GM) maize (Zea mays) event commonly employed in insect-resistant GM maize hybrids. GM events obtained by biolistic transformation methods, such as MON810, are generated by insertion of a recombinant gene expression cassette in a random locus of the plant genome, and this process may cause emergent properties besides the intended modification. Here, we compared morphophysiological parameters of MON810 GM maize hybrid AG-5011YG and its non-GM near-isogenic hybrid (NIH) AG-5011, using in vitro cultures as an interactive model. NIH callogenesis frequency, callus friability, and de novo morphogenesis were compared using two explant types and different 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) levels. 2,4-D modulated the morphophysiological responses of both NIHs, but when using root segments as explants, the GM showed significantly different trends for callus induction and friability, with lower responses at higher 2,4-D concentrations, indicating an emergent property related to altered cell response to 2,4-D.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1984-70332019v19n2a24 868 downloads

10.

Micropropagation of Guadua chacoensis (Rojas) Londoño & P. M. Peterson1
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Ornellas, Thiago Sanches

; Marchetti, Carolina Kades

; Oliveira, Gleison Henrique de

; Fritsche, Yohan

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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2019, Volume 49 elocation e55450

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A cadeia produtiva de bambu, no Brasil, ainda é incipiente, e tem baixa oferta de mudas devido aos métodos convencionais de propagação. Objetivou-se, aqui, estabelecer um protocolo de micropropagação para Guadua chacoensis. Explantes de matrizes cultivadas em ambiente controlado resultaram em menor contaminação, relativamente aos de plantas cultivadas em campo. A contaminação foi ainda mais reduzida quando se adicionaram 2 mL L-1 de Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM™) ao meio de cultura, resultando em maior taxa de estabelecimento. As culturas foram multiplicadas por meio de segmentos nodais de plantas in vitro ou por divisão de touceiras em concentrações crescentes (0 µM, 10 µM, 20 µM, 30 µM ou 40 µM) de 6-Benzilaminopurina (BAP). O número de brotações aumentou com o incremento na concentração de BAP; porém, isto reduziu a taxa de enraizamento e o comprimento de raízes. Plantas aclimatizadas sob 0 %, 35 % ou 65 % de sombreamento apresentaram rendimento quântico máximo do fotossistema II (Fv/Fm) dinâmico, o qual diminuiu nos primeiros sete dias após a transferência para condições ex vitro e, em seguida, aumentou até atingir valores estáveis de 0,775, aos 17 dias. Além disso, o sombreamento aumentou as taxas de sobrevivência das plantas, em comparação ao tratamento sem sombreamento, o qual apresentou sintomas de fotoinibição e fotodano.

ABSTRACT The bamboo productive chain is still incipient in Brazil, and the low supply of plantlets due to low-efficient conventional propagation methods presents a significant bottleneck to its development. This study aimed to establish a micropropagation protocol for Guadua chacoensis. Explants from donor plants cultivated under controlled environment showed less contamination, if compared to explants from plants grown in the field. The contamination rate was even lower when 2 mL L-1 of Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM™) were added to the culture medium, leading to a higher establishment rate. The obtained cultures were then multiplied using either in vitro-derived nodal segments or clump division in the presence of increasing contents (0 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM or 40 mM) of 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP). The number of shoots increased with increasing BAP concentrations, but this also resulted in a reduced rooting rate and root length. Plants acclimatized under 0 %, 35 % or 65 % of shading showed a dynamic maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), which initially decreased within the first seven days after the transfer to ex vitro conditions, but then increased until reaching stable values of 0.775 after 17 days. Additionally, the shading improved the plant survival rates, if compared to those under non-shaded conditions, which presented photoinhibition and photodamage symptoms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632019v4955450 722 downloads

11.

Effects of a commercial biocide, kasugamycin and consistency of the culture medium on the in vitro establishment of bamboo1
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Santos, Daniela Werner Ribeiro dos

; Rocker, Théo Piucco

; Ornellas, Thiago Sanches

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical

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2019, Volume 49 elocation e55435

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO A contaminação por micro-organismos e oxidação dos explantes no estabelecimento in vitro de bambu são problemas recorrentes na sua micropropagação. Avaliaram-se os efeitos do biocida Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM®), do antibiótico casugamicina e da consistência do meio de cultura no estabelecimento in vitro de Bambusa vulgaris,Phyllostachys bambusoides e Dendrocalamus asper. A presença de PPM® no meio de cultura apresentou efeito significativo nas concentrações de 2 mL L-1 ou 4 mL L-1, assim como o meio de cultura líquido no aumento de plantas estabelecidas no outono. A casugamicina promoveu respostas variáveis para as três espécies, dependendo da estação do ano. Houve interação entre os fatores, demonstrando que maiores índices de plantas viáveis podem ser obtidos aliando-se diferentes estratégias para diminuir a oxidação e a contaminação. Para o estabelecimento in vitro de B. vulgaris,P. bambusoides e D. asper, é recomendada a adição de 2 mL L-1 ou 4 mL L-1 de PPM® ao meio de cultura líquido.

ABSTRACT The contamination by microorganisms and oxidation of explants in the in vitro establishment of bamboo are recurrent problems for its micropropagation. In the present study, effects of the biocide Plant Preservative Mixture (PPM™), the antibiotic kasugamycin and the consistency of the culture medium were evaluated in the in vitro establishment of Bambusa vulgaris,Phyllostachys bambusoides and Dendrocalamus asper. The presence of PPM™ in the culture medium had a significant effect using 2 mL L-1 or 4 mL L-1 concentrations, as well as in the liquid culture medium, increasing the plants established in the autumn. Kasugamycin promoted variable responses for all the three species, depending on the season. There was interaction among the factors, demonstrating that higher rates of viable plants can be obtained by combining different strategies to reduce the oxidation and contamination. For the in vitro establishment of B. vulgaris,P. bambusoides and D. asper, it is recommended to add 2 mL L-1 or 4 mL L-1 of PPM™ to the liquid culture medium.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-40632019v4955435 382 downloads

12.

MICROPROPAGATION OF Aspidosperma polyneuron Müll. Arg. FROM IN VITRO GERMINATED SEEDLINGS
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Ribas, Luciana Lopes Fortes

; Guerra, Miguel Pedro

; Kulchetscki, Luiz

; Zanette, Flávio

Ciência Florestal

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Jun 2017, Volume 27 Nº 2 Páginas 391 - 402

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Foi desenvolvido um método eficiente de regeneração de plantas para Aspidosperma polyneuron a partir de culturas nodais de plântulas. Sementes maduras foram desinfestadas e os embriões germinaram em meio de cultura Woody Plant Medium (WPM). Segmentos nodais do epicótilo e hipocótilo retirados de plântulas de três semanas crescendo in vitro foram cultivados em meio WPM, suplementado com 6-benziladenina (BA) (2,5; 5,0 e 10 µM), isolado ou combinado com ácido indol-3-butírico (AIB) ou ácido α-naftalenoacético (ANA) (0,5 µM) durante o cultivo inicial e três subcultivos. Para indução de raízes, inicialmente, foram testados tratamentos-pulso de AIB (2,5; 5,0 ou 10 mM) por 15 minutos, seguidos de transferência para meio WPM, sem regulador de crescimento por cinco semanas. Plantas regeneradas foram transplantadas para bandejas contendo solo e substrato Plantmax® (3:1) e depois transferidas para sacos plásticos para aclimatização em casa de vegetação. Os explantes do hipocótilo apresentaram resultados superiores de regeneração de brotações e enraizamento, quando comparados com os do epicótilo. Os maiores números de brotações por explante (7-8) foram obtidos em meios de cultura, suplementados com 10 µM de BA, no terceiro subcultivo. Aadição de 0,5 µM de AIB ou ANA combinada com BAnão influenciou a regeneração de brotações. O tratamento-pulso de AIB (5-10 mM) por 15 minutos induziu 60% de enraizamento. As plantas regeneradas foram aclimatizadas e bem estabelecidas em casa de vegetação com 90% de sobrevivência, após três meses. Baseado nos resultados desse estudo, a micropropagação de Aspidosperma polyneuron a partir de plântulas cultivadas in vitro é viável e pode ser uma boa opção para conservação e propagação dessa espécie importante que está em extinção.

ABSTRACT In this study, an efficient method for regenerating plants from nodal cultures of seedlings was developed for Aspidosperma polyneuron. Mature seeds were surface-sterilized and embryos were germinated in Woody Plant Medium (WPM). Epicotyl and hypocotyl nodal segments, excised from 3-week-old in vitro-grown seedlings, were cultured in WPM medium supplemented with 6-benzyladenine (BA) (2.5, 5.0, and 10µM), alone or combined with indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) or α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (0.5 µM) for culture initiation and three subcultures. For root induction, IBA (2.5, 5.0, and 10 mM) pulse treatments (15 minutes) were initially applied, followed by transfer to growth regulator-free WPM for five weeks. Regenerated plants were first transplanted to trays containing soil and Plantmax® substrate (3:1) and later to polyethylene bags for acclimatization in a greenhouse. Hypocotyl explants exhibited superior shoot regeneration rate and rooting percentages compared with those of epicotyl explants. The highest numbers of shoots per explant (7−8) were obtained at the third subculture when using the culture medium supplemented with 10 µM BA. When combined with BA, the addition of 0.5 µM IBA or NAA did not affect the regeneration of shoots. An IBA pulse treatment of 5−10 mM for 15 minutes induced 60% of rooting. The regenerated plants were acclimatized and successfully established in a greenhouse, with a 90% survival rate observed after three months. Based on the results of this study, the micropropagation of Aspidosperma polyneuron from in vitro seedlings is feasible and could be a useful tool for the conservation and propagation of this important endangered species.

https://doi.org/10.5902/1980509827688 537 downloads

13.

STUDY OF THE INTERACTION OF AN EXTRACT OBTAINED FROM THE MARINE PLANT Thalassia testudinum WITH PHASE I METABOLISM IN RATS
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Rodeiro-Guerra, Idania

; Hernández-Ojeda, Sandra Luz

; Herrera-Isidrón, José Alfredo

; Hernández-Balmaseda, Ivones

; Padrón-Yaquis, Saúl

; Olguín-Reyes, Sitlali del Rosario

; Alejo-Rodríguez, Pedro Luis

; Ronquillo-Sánchez, María Dolores

; Camacho-Carranza, Rafael

; Menéndez-Soto del Valle, Roberto

; Fernández-Pérez, Miguel David

; Espinosa-Aguirre, Jesús Javier

Revista internacional de contaminación ambiental

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2017, Volume 33 Nº 4 Páginas 547 - 557

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT The effects of an extract from the marine plant Thalassia testudinum on rat liver cytochrome P450s were investigated. Male Wistar rats were administered for 10 days with 20, 200 or 400 mg/kg oral doses of the extract. The activities of CYP1A1/A2, CYP2B1/B2, CYP2E1 and CYP3A were evaluated. CYP1A1 activity and protein content increased after 200 mg/kg of the extract but mRNA levels remain unchanged. The activity of other CYP isoforms did not change. The S9 fraction derived from the livers of the rats treated with the extract was used to evaluate the effects of this product on the mutagenic activation of benzo[a]pyrene. The number of Salmonella mutant colonies induced by benzo[a]pyrene in the presence of S9 obtained from animals treated with 200 and 400 mg/kg of the extract were respectively 1.8 and 2.3-fold higher than controls, while it was reduced at the 20 mg/kg dose. This strongly support the idea that the extract modulated the liver enzymes which transform benzo[a]pyrene into mutagenic metabolites. Another set of male rats were treated for 10 days with the same doses. Sixteen hours later, rats received oral doses of theophylline (10 mg/kg), blood samples were extracted from each animal at 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h after administration and plasma theophylline concentration was measured. Pre-treatment with the extract increased theophylline clearance. Our results suggested that the extract modify CYP1A in vivo activity and metabolism-based pharmacokinetic interactions between the extract and CYP1A substrates may occur in vivo.

RESUMEN Se investigaron los efectos del extracto de la planta marina Thalassia testudinum sobre isoenzimas del citocromo-P450 del hígado de ratas. A ratas machos Wistar se les administró oralmente el extracto durante 10 días en dosis de 20, 200 o 400 mg/kg. Se estimó la actividad de CYP1A1/A2, CYP2B1/B2, CYP2E1 y CYP3A. La actividad de CYP1A1 y el contenido de proteína aumentaron con 200 mg/kg del extracto, pero los niveles de ARNm no se modificaron. La actividad de las otras isoformas tampoco cambió. La fracción postmitocondrial (S9) obtenida de los hígados de los animales se usó en la prueba de Ames para evaluar los efectos del extracto sobre la modulación de enzimas activadoras del benzo[a]pireno. El número de colonias mutantes aumentó 1.8 y 2.3 veces con las dosis de 200 y 400 mg/kg, pero disminuyó con 20 mg/kg, lo cual sugiere una capacidad moduladora del extracto sobre la actividad de las enzimas que transforman el benzo[a]pireno en el hígado de ratas. Otro grupo de ratas macho tratadas durante 10 días con las dosis antes descritas, recibieron teofilina oral (10 mg/kg) 16 h después de concluir el tratamiento. De cada animal se extrajeron muestras de sangre a 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 y 24 h después de administrar la teofilina y se midió la concentración de ésta en plasma. El pretratamiento con el extracto aumentó la eliminación de la teofilina. Nuestros resultados sugieren que el extracto modificó la actividad de CYP1A in vivo y que podrían producirse interacciones farmacológicas entre el extracto y el CYP1A.

https://doi.org/10.20937/rica.2017.33.04.01 490 downloads

14.

Hemodialysis Reliable Outflow (HeRO) Graft device: a lifesaving solution in multiple vascular access failure in haemodialysis patients
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Vieira, Miguel Bigotte

; Ferreira, Tiago

; Fortes, Alice

; Martins, Pedro

; Ministro, Augusto

; Ferreira, Hugo

; Silva, Hugo

; Amaral, Tiago

; Resina, Cristina

; Gameiro, Joana

; Outerelo, Cristina

; Nogueira, Estela

; Jorge, Sofia

; Guerra, José

; Fernandes, José Fernandes e

; Costa, António Gomes da

Portuguese Journal of Nephrology & Hypertension

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Set 2016, Volume 30 Nº 3 Páginas 217 - 222

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The increasing prevalence of end-stage chronic kidney disease associated with advances in treatment is expected to lead to improved survival rates of chronic haemodialysis patients in Portugal. Establishing and maintaining vascular access patency is becoming a challenging issue in these patients. We present a case report of a multiple vascular access failure patient to whom a novel vascular access device was implanted which allowed successful haemodialysis, despite the presence of central venous stenosis and/or occlusion. To our knowledge the present case report describes the first utilization of Hemodialysis Reliable Outflow (HeRO) Graft device in Portugal. We present the case as well as a brief description of the device and available literature. This case report also underlines the importance of adopting a multidisciplinary approach in order to overcome complex and life-threatening clinical challenges

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15.

Massive Gastrointestinal Bleeding from an Ectopic Varix in a Non-Cirrhotic Patient: Angiographic Approach Following Endoscopic Treatment Failure
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Carmo, Joana

; Marques, Susana

; Bispo, Miguel

; Barreiro, Pedro

; Gonçalves, Belarmino

; Guerra, Adalgisa

; Pinto-Marques, Pedro

; Serra, David

GE-Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology

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Jun 2016, Volume 23 Nº 3 Páginas 177 - 179

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpge.2015.10.006 592 downloads

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