Abstract Objectives: The aim was to estimate the pubertal growth height of children and adolescents living in a high-altitude region of Peru using the Preece-Baines model 1 (1 PB). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in schoolchildren from the department of Puno (Peru) between 3841 and 3874 masl. The age range was between 4 and 17 years. Standing height was evaluated. 1 PB was used to infer the mathematical and biological parameters of stature. Results: Mathematical parameters estimated by the 1 PB model reflected small residual standard error (RSE) values in both sexes (0.25 in boys and 0.27 in girls). In boys, the age at which peak velocity was reached (APHV) was estimated at 13.21 ± 0.33years. While in girls it was 9.96 ± 0.26years (p < 0.05). In general, girls reached APHV (y) 3.25 years earlier than boys. On the other hand, the growth velocity of maximum height [APHV (cm/y)] of boys was higher (6.33 ± 6.06 cm/y) relative to girls (6.06 ± 0.32 cm/y). Estimated final adult height (EFAH) in boys was reached at 166.020 ± 0.99 cm and height at maximum growth velocity (HPHV) was 153.07 ± 0.67 cm, while in girls they were significantly lower (EFAH; 153.74 ± 0.44 cm and HPHV: 139.73 ± 0.84 cm). Conclusions: This study showed that girls living in Puno at a high altitude in Peru reached APHV 3 years earlier than boys and at the same time reflected slower PHV. These results suggest that pubertal growth at high altitudes is slower in both sexes and especially in girls. Thus, modeling physical growth may be an important step in understanding the onset of puberty at different latitudes. Objectives highaltitude PreeceBaines Preece Baines ( PB. . PB) Methods crosssectional cross sectional (Peru 384 387 masl evaluated stature Results RSE (RSE 0.25 025 0 25 (0.2 027 27 0.2 girls) (APHV 1321 13 21 13.2 033years 33years 0.33years 996 9 96 9.9 026years 26years p 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) general y (y 325 3.2 hand cm/y cmy (cm/y) 6.33 633 6 33 (6.3 606 06 6.0 (6.0 032 32 0.3 cm/y. EFAH (EFAH 166020 166 020 166.02 099 99 0.9 HPHV (HPHV 15307 153 07 153.0 067 67 0.6 15374 74 153.7 044 44 0.4 13973 139 73 139.7 084 84 0.8 cm. cm) Conclusions PHV Thus latitudes 38 02 2 (0. 0. 132 13. 9. 00 0.0 3. (cm/y 6.3 63 (6. 60 6. 03 16602 16 166.0 09 1530 15 153. 1537 7 04 1397 139. 08 8 (0 (6 1660 166.

Resumo Neospora caninum é uma das principais causas de perda reprodutiva em bovinos em todo o mundo, pois leva ao aborto e ao reposicionamento animal. Embora o Toxoplasma gondii não cause problemas reprodutivos em bovinos, o consumo de carne bovina crua ou não cozida apresenta risco de transmissão. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a ocorrência de anticorpos anti-N. caninum e anti-T. gondii em bovinos leiteiros nas regiões Oeste e Noroeste do Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. Um total de 653 amostras de soro de bovinos leiteiros, foi analisado utilizando-se o ensaio de imunofluorescência indireta (IFI). Os dados epidemiológicos das propriedades foram associados aos resultados sorológicos dos animais por meio de regressão logística. As frequências dos anticorpos contra N. caninum e T. gondii foram 41,6% (272/653) e 11,5% (75/653), respectivamente. Foi observada associação estatisticamente significativa entre: soropositividade para N. caninum e raça, histórico de suplementação alimentar para bezerros, introdução de animais externos que, posteriormente, apresentaram problemas reprodutivos e histórico de problemas reprodutivos no segundo trimestre de gestação. O presente estudo destaca a importância da neosporose em bovinos leiteiros, nas regiões de estudo, e a inclusão deste parasita na investigação de animais com distúrbios reprodutivos é fundamental. mundo animal transmissão antiN. antiN anti N anti-N antiT. antiT T anti-T Paulo Brasil 65 utilizandose utilizando se IFI. IFI . (IFI) logística 416 41 6 41,6 272/653 272653 272 (272/653 115 11 5 11,5 75/653, 75653 75/653 , 75 (75/653) respectivamente entre raça bezerros que posteriormente gestação fundamental (IFI 4 41, 272/65 27265 27 (272/65 1 11, 7565 75/65 7 (75/653 272/6 2726 2 (272/6 756 75/6 (75/65 272/ (272/ 75/ (75/6 (272 (75/ (27 (75 (2 (7 (

Abstract Neospora caninum is a major cause of reproductive loss in cattle worldwide as it leads to abortion and animal repositioning. Although Toxoplasma gondii does not cause a reproductive problem in cattle, consuming raw or uncooked beef poses the risk of transmission. This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of anti-N. caninum and anti-T. gondii antibodies in dairy cattle in the West and Northwest regions of São Paulo State, Brazil. A total of 653 serum samples from dairy cows were analyzed using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Epidemiological data from the farms were associated with the serological results of the animals by logistic regression based on the presence of antibodies. The frequencies of the antibodies against N. caninum and T. gondii were 41.6% (272/653) and 11.5% (75/653), respectively. A statistically significant association was observed between: the serum anti-N. caninum antibodies and breed, history of food supplementation for calves, introduction of outside animals that later presented reproductive problems, and history of reproductive problems by the trimester of gestation. The present study highlights the importance of neosporosis in dairy cattle in the study regions and that the inclusion of this parasite in the investigation of animals with reproductive disorders is important. repositioning transmission antiN. antiN anti N anti-N antiT. antiT T anti-T State Brazil 65 IFA. IFA . (IFA) 416 41 6 41.6 272/653 272653 272 (272/653 115 11 5 11.5 75/653, 75653 75/653 , 75 (75/653) respectively between breed calves gestation important (IFA 4 41. 272/65 27265 27 (272/65 1 11. 7565 75/65 7 (75/653 272/6 2726 2 (272/6 756 75/6 (75/65 272/ (272/ 75/ (75/6 (272 (75/ (27 (75 (2 (7 (

Resumo Introdução: Desigualdades sociais que tornam pessoas trans mais vulneráveis a diferentes adoecimentos intensificaram-se durante a pandemia de COVID-19. Objetivos: Apresentar a experiência da pesquisa TransOdara em São Paulo na prestação de suporte social e em saúde às participantes frente aos desafios impostos pela pandemia. Métodos: Estudo transversal com métodos mistos e objetivo de investigar a prevalência de sífilis e outras infecções sexualmente transmissíveis (IST) entre travestis e mulheres trans. A realização da pesquisa abrangeu ampliação dos fluxos de acolhimento, testagem e tratamento das IST em serviços de saúde parceiros. Resultados: Com a interrupção das atividades presenciais no serviço de saúde e o agravamento das vulnerabilidades de travestis e mulheres trans durante a pandemia, as pesquisadoras de campo se concentraram na interação remota com as participantes. A escuta e o apoio fornecidos possibilitaram a mediação dos atendimentos realizados no serviço nesse período, a identificação e acolhimento de outros tipos de necessidades, bem como a retomada das atividades presenciais e a posterior conclusão da pesquisa. Conclusão: O trabalho realizado foi orientado pelo vínculo construído com as participantes e ressaltou a importância das relações de referência, confiança e afeto como horizonte de pesquisa e de cuidado. Introdução intensificaramse intensificaram COVID19. COVID19 COVID 19. 19 COVID-19 Objetivos Métodos (IST parceiros Resultados período necessidades Conclusão referência cuidado COVID1 1 COVID-1 COVID-

Abstract Introduction: Social inequalities that make trans people more vulnerable to different illnesses have intensified during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives: To present the experience of TransOdara research in São Paulo in providing social and health support to participants in the face of the challenges posed by the pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional mixed methods study with the aim of investigating the prevalence of syphilis and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among travestis and trans women. Carrying out the research included expanding the embracement, testing and treatment for STIs in partner health services. Results: With the interruption of face-to-face activities in the health facilities and worsening vulnerabilities of travestis and trans women during the pandemic, the field researchers focused on remote interaction with participants. The listening and support provided made it possible to mediate the care provided at the facility during this period, to identify and accommodate other types of needs, as well as to resume face-to-face activities and conclude the research. Conclusion: The work carried out was guided by the bond built with the participants and highlighted the importance of the relationships of reference, trust and affection as a horizon for research and care. Introduction COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 pandemic Objectives Methods Crosssectional Cross sectional (STIs embracement services Results facetoface period needs Conclusion reference COVID1 1 COVID-

ABSTRACT The effect of including whey in the diet of rams in the fattening stage of the company SAIS Pachacutec S.A.C, located in the central mountains of Peru at an altitude of 4119 m was evaluated. In total, 120 five-month-old Corriedale male rams from the «Cabaña» (n=40), «Plantel» (n=40) and «Majada» (n=40) genetic sections were used. Rams from each section was randomly distributed into four treatment groups (n=10 per group): T1 (0%, control); T2 (15%); T3 (25%) and T4 (35% whey). The whey was added to the concentrate (bran feed). The study included 14 days of adaptation to the feed and 90 days of trial. Final weight, weight gain and carcass weight were significantly different between treatments and sections (p<0.05), being greater in T4 and in the Cabaña section (final weight: 48.7 ± 0.6 kg; weight gain: 379.4 g/day; carcass weight: 20.9 ± 1.2 kg). Carcass yield was similar between groups (43.0 ± 0.01%; p>0.05). The results suggest that, with a greater amount of whey, within of the quantities used in the study, better fattening performances of rams are obtained.

RESUMEN Se evaluó el efecto de incluir suero de leche en la dieta de carneros en la etapa de engorde de la empresa SAIS Pachacutec S.A.C, ubicada en la sierra central del Perú a una altitud de 4119 m. Se utilizaron 120 carnerillos machos Corriedale de cinco meses de edad pertenecientes a las secciones de cabaña (n=40), plantel (n=40) y majada (n=40). Cada sección fue dividida aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos (n=10 por grupo) de tratamiento: T1 (0%, testigo); T2 (15%); T3 (25%) y T4 (35% de suero de leche). El suero de leche fue adicionado al concentrado (afrechillo). Se consideraron 14 días de adaptación al alimento y 90 días de ensayo. El peso final, la ganancia de peso y el peso de carcasa fue significativamente diferente entre tratamientos y entre secciones (p<0.05), siendo mayor en T4 y en la sección Cabaña (peso final: 48.7 ± 0.6 kg; ganancia de peso: 379.4 g/día; peso de carcasa: 20.9 ± 1.2 kg). El rendimiento de carcasa fue similar entre grupos (43.0 ± 0.01%; p>0.05). Los resultados sugieren que, con una mayor cantidad de suero de leche, dentro de las cantidades empleadas en el estudio, se obtienen mejores rendimientos de engorde de carnerillos.

Abstract Objective To describe the clinical results of patients admitted and managed as cases of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) at a Central American public hospital and the influence of the prenatal diagnosis on the condition. Materials and Methods A retrospective analysis of PAS patients treated at Hospital Bertha Calderón Roque, in Managua, Nicaragua, between June 2017 and September 2021. The diagnostic criteria used were those of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique, FIGO, in French). The population was divided into patients with a prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis of PAS (group 1) and those whose the diagnosis of PAS was established at the time of the caesarean section (group 2). Results During the search, we found 103 cases with a histological and/or clinical diagnosis of PAS; groups 1 and 2 were composed of 51 and 52 patients respectively. Regarding the clinical results of both groups, the patients in group 1 presented a lower frequency of transfusions (56.9% versus 96.1% in group 2), use of a lower number of red blood cell units (RBCUs) among those undergoing transfusions (median: 1; interquartile range: [IQR]: 0–4 versus median: 3; [IQR]: 2–4] in group 2), and lower frequency of 4 or more RBCU transfusions (29.4% versus 46.1% in group 2). Group 1 also exhibited a non-significant trend toward a lower volume of blood loss (1,000 mL [IQR]: 750–2,000 mL versus 1,500 mL [IQR]: 1,200–1,800 mL in group 2), and lower requirement of pelvic packing (1.9% versus 7.7% in group 2). Conclusion Establishing a prenatal diagnosis of PAS is related to a lower frequency of transfusions. We observed a high frequency of prenatal diagnostic failures of PAS. It is a priority to improve prenatal detection of this disease. (PAS condition Roque Managua Nicaragua 201 2021 Fédération dObstétrique, dObstétrique d Obstétrique, Obstétrique d'Obstétrique FIGO French. French . French) 2. 2) search 10 andor 5 respectively 56.9% 569 56 9 (56.9 961 96 96.1 2, , RBCUs (RBCUs median (median range IQR [IQR] 04 0 0– 3 2–4 24 29.4% 294 29 (29.4 461 46 46.1 nonsignificant non significant 1,000 1000 000 (1,00 7502000 750 750–2,00 1500 500 1,50 12001800 200 800 1,200–1,80 1.9% 19 (1.9 77 7 7.7 disease 20 202 56.9 (56. 96. [IQR 2– 29.4 (29. 46. 1,00 100 00 (1,0 750200 75 750–2,0 150 50 1,5 1200180 80 1,200–1,8 1.9 (1. 7. 56. (56 29. (29 1,0 (1, 75020 750–2, 15 1, 120018 8 1,200–1, 1. (1 (5 (2 7502 750–2 12001 1,200–1 ( 750– 1200 1,200– 120 1,200 12 1,20 1,2

Abstract: Objective: Describe the prevalence of breast cancer (BC)-associated germline pathogenic variants (PVs) among Mexican patients with triple-negative BC (TNBC). Materials and methods: The spectrum of PVs identified among patients with TNBC who were enrolled in a prospective registry and underwent genetic testing was analyzed. Results: Of 387 patients with invasive TNBC and a median age at diagnosis of 39 years (range 21-72), 113 (29%) were carriers of PVs in BC-susceptibility genes: BRCA1 (79%), BRCA2 (15%), and other (6%: ATM, BRIP1, PALB2, PTEN, RAD51C, and TP53). PV carriers were younger at BC diagnosis (37 vs. 40 years, p=0.004) than non-carriers. Conclusion: A large proportion of TNBC in Mexican patients is associated with germline PVs, the vast majority in BRCA. The incremental yield of PVs in other BC-susceptibility genes was modest, and a stepwise approach starting with BRCA testing may be justified if it is more cost-effective than multigene panel testing.

Resumen: Objetivo: Describir la prevalencia de variantes patógenas (VPs) germinales en genes asociados con cáncer de mama (CM) en pacientes mexicanos con CM triple negativo (CMTN). Material y métodos: Se analizó el espectro de VPs identificadas en pacientes con CMTN que fueron incluidos prospectivamente en un registro y se realizó un estudio genético. Resultados: Se analizó un total de 387 pacientes con una mediana de edad al diagnóstico de 39 años; 113 (29%) eran portadores de VPs en genes de susceptibilidad a CM: BRCA1 (79%), BRCA2(15%), y otros (6%: ATM, BRIP1, PALB2, PTEN, RAD51C y TP53). Los portadores de VPs eran más jóvenes al diagnóstico de CM (37 vs. 40 años, p=0.004). Conclusiones: Existe una alta prevalencia de VPs en pacientes mexicanos con CMTN y la mayoría se encuentra en genes BRCA. La realización de pruebas genéticas se puede optimizar mediante la adopción de un proceso escalonado para la detección de VPs.

Resumo O artigo objetivou analisar conhecimentos, percepções, práticas de cuidado e Itinerrários Terapêuticos (IT) para o diagnóstico e tratamento das Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis (IST), com destaque para sífilis, entre Travestis e Mulheres Trans (TrMT) em Salvador, Brasil. Foram realizados 05 grupos focais e 06 entrevistas semiestruturadas com 30 TrMT. Os achados apontam amplo desconhecimento e percepções contraditórias sobre as IST, especialmente a sífilis; identificação de duas importantes trajetórias de cuidado às IST e o destaque para IT marcados por estigmas e discriminação nos serviços de saúde. Sugere-se a ampliação das ações de saúde para essa população reconhecendo suas necessidades e a construção de novas estratégias de prevenção e tratamento para IST, dialogadas com as TrMT, e garantia de autonomia, ética e sigilo na produção do cuidado.

Abstract The article aimed to analyze knowledge, perceptions, care practices and Therapeutic Itineraries (TI) for the diagnosis and treatment of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD), with emphasis on syphilis, among travesti and transgender women (TGW) in Salvador, Brazil. 05 focus groups and 06 semi-structured interviews with travesti/TGW were carried out with a total of 30 participants. The findings point to a wide lack of knowledge and contradictory perceptions about STD, especially syphilis; identification of two important trajectories of care for STD and the emphasis on TI marked by stigma and discrimination in health services. The expansion of health actions for this population is suggested, recognizing their needs and the construction of new prevention and treatment strategies for STD, in dialogue with the travesti/TGW, and guaranteeing autonomy, ethics and confidentiality in the production of care.

Resumen El artículo tuvo como objetivo analizar conocimientos, percepciones, prácticas de atención y Rutas Terapêuticas (RT) para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de las Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual (ETS), con énfasis en la sífilis, entre las travestidas y mujeres trans (TrMT) en Salvador, Brasil. Se realizaron 05 grupos focales y 06 entrevistas semiestructuradas con 30 TrMT. Los hallazgos apuntan a una amplia falta de conocimiento y percepciones contradictorias sobre las ETS, especialmente la sífilis; identificación de dos importantes trayectorias de atención a las ETS y el énfasis en las RT marcadas por el estigma y la discriminación en los servicios de salud. Se sugiere ampliar las acciones de salud para esta población, reconociendo sus necesidades y la construcción de nuevas estrategias de prevención y tratamiento de las ETS, en diálogo con el TrMT, y garantizando la autonomía, ética y confidencialidad en la producción de cuidados.

ABSTRACT This study conducted among transgender women in São Paulo, Brazil assessed the acceptability and suitability of screening sexually transmitted infections (STIs), such as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, by sampling multiple anatomical sites (i.e. urethral, anorectal, oropharyngeal, and neovaginal), and utilizing self- or provider-collection methods. First, a convenience sample of 23 cohort participants were recruited during a scheduled study visit between October and November 2018. Data collection was through a short investigator-led quantitative survey in Portuguese, and included presentation of investigator-designed, gender-neutral instructional diagrams to guide self-sampling. Three supplemental focus group discussions (FGDs) with a total of 30 participants guided by semi-structured script were conducted in Portuguese between September and October 2019. All participants reported being assigned male sex at birth and self-identified with a feminine gender identity at time of study. All survey respondents (100%; n = 23) indicated willingness to provide samples for STI screening during a future study visit. Preference was for self-collection of urine samples (83%; n = 19), urethral swabs (82%; n = 18), and anorectal swabs (77%; n = 17). A lower preference for self-collection of oropharyngeal swabs (48%; n = 11) was observed. Most respondents (78%; n = 18) indicated that they would not prefer specimens to be collected by a health professional, mainly due to ‘more privacy’ (72%; n = 13). All respondents indicated that they would feel comfortable to provide a self-collected sample based on instructional diagrams shown. In FGDs, although the collection by a health professional was described as a technically safer option for some participants, there was a preference for self-collection to avoid discomfort and embarrassment in exposing the body. Overall, this sub-study suggested acceptability among transgender women of introducing self-sampling for etiological diagnosis of STIs from potential infection sites. Uptake and usability will be explored further in a cross-sectional STI prevalence study of transgender women in Brazil.

Abstract The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has spread globally and is considered a world health emergency. Healthcare professionals represent an important percentage of the infected population, with otolaryngologists and head and neck surgeons at particular risk. Elective procedures have been strongly discouraged, but urgent disorders still entail a hazardous setting. We performed a non-systematic review of the publications and guidelines regarding Head and Neck surgical emergencies management in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The literature describing management of the disease was also reviewed to adapt conventional treatment to the present circumstances. A concise and specific compilation of practical recommendations was made with the aim of improving management of emergencies involving the head and neck region, while offering a safe alternative for patients and healthcare providers. In addition, we have made a brief summary of how these recommendations were adapted based on our socio-economic background and available health resources.

Resumen La enfermedad del coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19) se ha extendido a nivel mundial y se considera una emergencia sanitaria mundial. Los profesionales sanitarios representan un porcentaje importante de la población infectada, y los otorrinolaringólogos y cirujanos de cabeza y cuello corren un riesgo especial. Se han desaconsejado enérgicamente los procedimientos electivos, pero los trastornos urgentes aún implican un entorno peligroso. Realizamos una revisión no sistemática de las publicaciones y guías sobre el manejo de emergencias quirúrgicas de cabeza y cuello en el contexto de la pandemia de COVID-19. También se revisó la literatura que describe el manejo de la enfermedad con el fin de adaptar el tratamiento convencional a las circunstancias actuales. Se realizó una recopilación concisa y específica de recomendaciones prácticas con el objetivo de mejorar el manejo de las emergencias que involucran la región de la cabeza y el cuello, al tiempo que ofrece una alternativa segura para los pacientes y los proveedores de atención médica. Además, hemos hecho un breve resumen de cómo se adaptaron estas recomendaciones en función de nuestros antecedentes socioeconómicos y los recursos de salud disponibles.

La pandemia de COVID-19 ha debilitado la salud mental de la población, el personal sanitario es un grupo afectado, hecho importante considerando que son los integrantes principales frente al mayor reto que el mundo moderno ha enfrentado hasta el momento en lo referido a enfermedades infectocontagiosas. La enfermedad COVID-19 ha producido en el personal de salud ansiedad, depresión, nerviosismo, desvelo, entre otros; siendo estos síntomas resultados del estrés, turnos prolongados, excesiva carga de trabajo, capacitación inadecuada y equipo de protección personal escaso, haciéndolos propensos a desarrollar trastornos tales como el Síndrome de Burnout o Síndrome de estrés postraumático. La salud mental es fundamental para la salud pública, ya que el estado anímico del personal de salud es un determinante indirecto de la calidad de atención y salud del paciente; por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo fue el de realizar una revisión bibliográfica que analice la salud mental de los trabajadores de salud frente a la pandemia del COVID-19.

The COVID-19 pandemic has weakened the mental health of the population, health personnel are possibly an affected group, an important fact considering that they are the main elements in the face of the greatest challenge that the modern world has faced so far, in relation to diseases infectious. The COVID-19 disease has produced anxiety, depression, nervousness, and wakefulness in health personnel, among others; a result of stress, long shifts, excessive workload, inadequate training, and insufficient personal protective equipment; making them prone to disorders like Burnout Syndrome or Post Traumatic Stress Syndrome. Mental health is fundamental for public health and that of health personnel is a determinant of the quality of care and health of the patient; therefore, the objective of this paper is to carry out a bibliographic review that analyzes the mental health of health workers in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar se a massa gorda (MG) e a massa livre de gordura (MLG) devem ser avaliadas pela idade cronológica e/ou pela idade biológica, e propor curvas para classificar a composição corporal de jovens futebolistas chilenos. Métodos: Elaborou-se um estudo descritivo transversal. Foram recrutados 642 futebolistas entre 13,0 e 18,9 anos. Massa corporal, estatura, altura tronco-cefálica, dobras cutâneas tricipital e subescapular foram medidas. A maturação biológica foi determinada pela idade de pico de velocidade de crescimento (IPVC) e o percentual de massa gorda foi estimado por equações de regressão. Os percentis de referência foram calculados pelo método LMS. Resultados: Os valores de R2para idade cronológica foram menores (MG = 0,07% e MLG=0,13%) em comparação com os valores para a idade biológica (MG = 0,31% e MLG = 0,50%). Foram calculados 11 percentis (p3, p5, p10, p15, p25, p50, p75, p85, p90, p95 e p97) para a MLG e MG. Conclusão: A idade biológica (IPVC) é um preditor melhor da MLG e da MG do que a idade cronológica. As referências propostas podem servir para monitorar a composição corporal de jovens futebolistas chilenos. Nível de evidência II; Estudo de diagnóstico .

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze whether fat mass (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) should be evaluated by chronological age and/or biological age and propose curves to classify the body composition of young Chilean soccer players. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was developed. Six hundred and forty-two soccer players between 13.0 and 18.9 years of age were recruited. Body mass, height, trunk-cephalic height, and tricipital and subscapular skinfolds were evaluated. Biological maturation was determined using peak height velocity age (PHV) and the percentage of fat mass was estimated by regression equations. The reference percentiles were calculated using the LMS method. Results: The values of R2 were lower for chronological age (FM = 0.07% and FFM = 0.13%) than for biological age (FM = 0.31% and FFM = 0.50%). Eleven percentiles (p3, p5, p10, p15, p25, p50, p75, p85, p90, p95 and p97) were calculated for FFM and FM. Conclusion: Biological age (PHV) is a better predictor of FFM and FM than chronological age. The references proposed can be used to monitor the body composition of young Chilean soccer players. Level of Evidence II; Diagnostic Study .

Resumen Objetivo: Analizar si la masa grasa (MG) y la masa libre de grasa (MLG) deben ser evaluadas por la edad cronológica y/o por la edad biológica, y proponer curvas para clasificar la composición corporal de jóvenes futbolistas chilenos. Métodos: Se elaboró un estudio descriptivo transversal. Fueron reclutados 642 futbolistas entre 13,0 y 18,9 años. Fueron medidas masa corporal, estatura, altura tronco-cefálica, pliegues cutáneos tricipital y subescapular. La madurez biológica fue determinada por la edad de pico de velocidad de crecimiento (EPVC) y el porcentual de masa grasa fue estimado por ecuaciones de regresión. Los percentiles de referencia fueron calculados por el método LMS. Resultados: Los valores de R2 para edad cronológica fueron menores (MG=0,07% y MLG=0,13%) en comparación con los valores para la edad biológica (MG=0,31% y MLG=0,50%). Fueron calculados 11 percentiles (p3, p5, p10, p15, p25, p50, p75, p85, p90, p95 y p97) para la MLG y MG. Conclusión: La edad biológica (EPVC) es un predictor mejor de la MLG y de la MG que la edad cronológica. Las referencias propuestas pueden servir para monitorizar la composición corporal de jóvenes futbolistas chilenos. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudio de diagnóstico .

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the cases of scabies caused by Sarcoptes scabiei and endoparasites in wild and captive vicuñas (Vicugna vicugna) from the Cusco Region, Peru. Scrapings of skin lesions were made and faecal samples were taken during the capture of vicuñas during the chaccus. The frequency of S. scabiei was 1.9% (54/2826), being 6.1% (48/777) in the wild and 0.2% (6/2049) in captivity. Likewise, F. hepatica (2.0%), Strongylus type eggs (42.1%), Nematodirus sp (6.8%), N. spathiger (26.5%), Trichuris sp (4.0%), Eimeria spp (85.0%), and Moniezia spp (2.7%) were found in a sample of 147 animals, being most cases monoparasitism.

RESUMEN El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar y evaluar los casos de sarna causada por Sarcoptes scabiei y de endoparásitos en vicuñas silvestres y en cautiverio (Vicugna vicugna) de la Región Cusco, Perú. Se realizaron raspados de lesiones en piel y se tomaron muestras fecales durante la captura de vicuñas durante los chaccus. La frecuencia de S. scabiei fue de 1.9% (54/2826), siendo de 6.1% (48/777) en silvestría y de 0.2% (6/ 2049) en cautiverio. Asimismo, se identificaron a F. hepatica (2.0%), huevos tipo Strongylus (42.1%), Nematodirus sp (6.8%), N. spathiger (26.5%), Trichuris sp (4.0%), Eimeria spp (85.0%), y Moniezia spp (2.7%) en una muestra de 147 animales, siendo la mayor parte casos de monoparasitismo.

SUMMARY Objectives: a) To verify the number of studies on executive functions (EF) in older adults carried out in Ibero-America; b) To identify the instruments used to measure EF in older adults during the years 2009-2018. Material and methods: A bibliometric study on EF in older adults in Latin America was carried out through the Scopus and Scielo databases. Studies published in Spanish and Portuguese languages using eight keywords and five registered indicators. Results: Between 2009 and 2018, a total of 12 original investigations have been carried out in six Iberoamerican countries (Spain, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, and Peru). Most EF-related investigations were reported duing the 2010-2009 and 2013-2014 periods. Several instruments were used, the Trail Making Test and the Frontal Assessment Battery being the most frequent. Conclusions: There seems to be a limited interest in investigating EF in older adults in Ibero-America. Most of these studies identified in this inquiry used the TMT and the FAB as cognitive tests.

RESUMEN Objetivos: a) Verificar la cantidad de estudios efectuados en Iberoamérica sobre función ejecutiva (FE) en adultos mayores; b) Identificar los instrumentos utilizados para medir las FE en adultos mayores durante los años 2009-2018. Material y métodos: Se efectuó un estudio bibliométrico sobre las FE en adultos mayores de Iberoamérica. La búsqueda de información se hizo en las base de datos Scopus y Scielo. Se consideraron estudios iberoamericanos publicados en idioma español y portugués, utilizándose ocho palabras clave y cinco indicadores registrados. Resultados: Se identificaron un total de 12 investigaciones originales en seis países iberoamericanos (España, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, y Perú). La mayor cantidad de investigaciones relacionadas con FE en asultos mayores tuvo lugar en los periodos 2009-2010 y 2013-2014. En estos estudios, se han utilizado varios instrumentos con el Trail Making Test (TMT) y la Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) como los de uso más frecuente. Conclusiones: Parece existir un interés limitado por investigar las FE en adultos mayores de Iberoamérica. La mayoría de los estudios idntificados en esta indagación utilizaron como tests cognitivos el TMT y la FAB.