Abstract: Deleterious oral habits (DOH) have been described as a common finding in pediatric series. Studies have investigated their association with local and systemic health problems. In this study, the association between DOH and asthma was investigated. PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and OpenThesis were accessed to identify observational studies that evaluated the association between DOH (thumb sucking, pacifier use, onychophagia or nail biting, bottle feeding) and asthma in children aged 2–17 years. Information on DOH was obtained from the verbal report of the children’s parents. Asthma diagnosis was performed by a physician or using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. We used a random-effects model to pool the results. The odds ratio (OR) was used as measure of association between DOH and asthma. The National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was used to assess risk of bias. The GRADE approach was used to assess the quality of evidence. Five studies were included and data from 18,733 children aged 2 to 13 years were analyzed. We found an association between bottle feeding and asthma (OR = 1.25; 95%CI 1.13–1.38; p < 0.001) with moderate level of certainty. Despite the association between pacifier use and asthma (OR = 1.11; 95%CI 1.00–1.24; p = 0.05), the quality of evidence was low. Only one study provided data on nail biting and thumb-sucking, and the individual results showed no association between these habits and asthma. This meta-analysis found an association between bottle feeding, pacifier use, and asthma in children.

SUMMARY The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) brought up discussions about improvements in both primary healthcare and hospital care in Brasil. In addition, the use of information and communication technology tools has become more prominent in the transmission of health information to patients remotely. Through content dissemination actions for professionals and direct guidance to users, remote telehealth/telemedicine services offer qualified actions that can reduce unnecessary referrals and decrease the flow of patients in health units. Information and communication technologies are allies in the fight against COVID-19.

SUMMARY The pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has put pressure on countries’ health systems. Although attention is mostly directed at the hospital sector, since many critically ill people will need intensive care, Primary Health Care (PHC) has also been disrupted. In Brasil, a universal and free health system has existed since the 1988 Constitution, which re-organized the PHC to attend the population. However, like other countries, the Brazilian health system is being overloaded with the increase in the large number of COVID-19 cases. It is worth reflecting on the changes and challenges in PHC during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brasil.

The emergence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its association with severe pneumonia and deaths has exposed gaps in the health systems of several countries worldwide. Although the necessary focus has been to care for hospitalized patients, the strengthening of Primary Health Care (PHC) actions is necessary. PHC is the gateway to the health system in several countries, including Brazil and it plays a role in preventing, protecting, promoting, and treating individuals and communities. Brazil, like other countries, has faced the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. As Brazil has a universal and decentralized health system, in which PHC has been the model of health re-organizing the health system; here we reflected the importance of strengthening PHC in Brazil in the times of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Abstract: The emergence of severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its association with severe pneumonia and deaths has exposed gaps in the health systems of several countries worldwide. Although the necessary focus has been to care for hospitalized patients, the strengthening of Primary Health Care (PHC) actions is necessary. PHC is the gateway to the health system in several countries, including Brazil and it plays a role in preventing, protecting, promoting, and treating individuals and communities. Brazil, like other countries, has faced the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. As Brazil has a universal and decentralized health system, in which PHC has been the model of health re-organizing the health system; here we reflected the importance of strengthening PHC in Brazil in the times of coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

RESUMO Como o SARS-CoV-2, que causa síndrome respiratória aguda grave, é transmitido principalmente por gotículas, espirros e aerossóis, há um alto risco de transmissão durante os procedimentos odontológicos. Este relatório descreve os passos que podem ser tomados pelo pessoal de saúde oral para minimizar o risco de contaminação cruzada na prática clínica durante a actual pandemia do SARS-CoV-2.

ABSTRACT As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is transmitted mainly through droplets, sneezes and aerosols, there is a high risk of transmission during dental procedures. This report describes measures that can be adopted by oral healthcare personnel to minimize the risk of cross-contamination in clinical practice during the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic.

RESUMEN Dado que el SARS-CoV-2, causante de síndrome respiratorio agudo severo, se transmite principalmente por medio de gotitas, estornudos y aerosoles, existe un alto riesgo de transmisión durante los procedimientos dentales. En este informe se describen las medidas que puede adoptar el personal de salud bucodental para reducir al mínimo el riesgo de contaminación cruzada en la práctica clínica durante la actual pandemia por SARS-CoV-2.

Resumo Contexto O estudo do fenômeno de fadiga é essencial porque as falhas de implantes geralmente são causadas por este processo. Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a resistência à fadiga de conjuntos de pilares retos e anatômicos que foram submetidos a cargas cíclicas. Material e método Foram utilizados 37 implantes cone Morse e 37 pilares, divididos em dois grupos (n = 16: pilares retos, n = 21: pilares anatômicos). Os conjuntos foram submetidos à carga cíclica (5.000.000) usando o equipamento servo-hidráulico. Três conjuntos de cada grupo foram submetidos a testes de flexão para determinar a resistência de carga máxima, o que serviu de parâmetro para comparação dos testes cíclicos. Foram avaliados número de ciclos, carga e momento de flexão. Resultado Dos 31 pilares ciclicamente testados, 17 (54,8%) fraturaram em menos de 5 milhões de ciclos; 8 (25,8%) destes eram pilares retos, e 9 (29%) eram anatômicos. Um total de 14 amostras (45,2%) resistiu à carga cíclica. De acordo com o teste exato de Fisher, não houve diferença entre os grupos quanto à fratura. Conclusão Apesar dos pilares retos terem maior carga média e momento de flexão que os anatômicos, os dois tipos de pilares apresentaram desempenho semelhante quanto a resistência à fratura in vitro.

Abstract Background The study of the phenomenon of fatigue is essential because implant failures usually are caused by this process. Purpose The objective of this study was to examine the fatigue resistance of straight and anatomical abutments joints that were submitted to cyclic loads. Material and method We used 37 Morse taper implants and 37 abutments, divided into two groups (n= 16: straight abutment, n= 21 anatomical abutment). The sets were submitted to cyclic loading (5 million) using servo-hydraulic equipment. Three sets from each group were subjected to bending tests to determine the maximum load resistance, which served as the parameter for comparison of the cyclic tests. We evaluated number of cycles, load and bending moment. Result Of the 31 abutments cyclically tested, 17 (54.8%) fractured in fewer than 5 million cycles; 8 (25.8%) of these were straight abutments, and 9 (29%) were anatomical. A total of 14 samples (45.2%) resisted the cyclic loading. According to Fisher's exact test, there was no difference between groups as the fracture. Conclusion Despite of the straight abutments have higher average load and bending moment on the anatomical, both types of abutments showed similar performance as the fracture strength in vitro.

Objetivo Analisar a resistência à fratura por fadiga dos conjuntos implante-pilar, nos tipos reto e angulado, submetidos a cargas cíclicas similares às mastigatórias. Material e método Foram utilizados 32 implantes (3,75 × 11 mm) com sistema cone Morse e 32 pilares, separados em dois grupos: pilares retos e angulados (n=16) (Neodent, Curitiba, PR, Brasil). Os conjuntos foram submetidos a testes cíclicos em equipamento servo-hidráulico, fixando-se o número de ciclos em cinco milhões. Foram avaliados: número de ciclos, carga e momento de força das amostras. O Teste de Fisher e o Teste ANOVA foram aplicados (p<0,005). Amostras fraturadas foram analisadas em microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Resultado Dos pilares retos, quatro resistiram ao número de ciclos estabelecidos, suportando cargas entre 470 N e 510 N. No grupo dos angulados, nove amostras resistiram a cargas entre 570 N e 890 N. Quanto às amostras fraturadas abaixo do número de ciclos, no grupo pilar reto, nove fraturaram com cargas entre 470 N e 630 N. No grupo pilar angulado, cinco amostras fraturaram com cargas entre 760 N e 890 N. Foi calculado, para cada conjunto implante-pilar, o momento de força (Médias: Grupo reto – 4.335,2 Nmm, Grupo angulado – 3.923,3 Nmm). Conclusão Os dois tipos de pilares (retos e angulados), em condições in vitro, comportaram-se estatisticamente de forma semelhante, sendo aceita a hipótese nula de que não há diferença de resistência à fratura entre os grupos.

Objective The aim of this study was to verify the fatigue fracture resistance of the implant-abutment joint, in straight and angled types, subject to cyclic loads similar to chewing. Material and method It was used 32 implants system (3.75 × 11mm) with Morse taper and 32 abutment, divided in two groups: abutment straight and angled (n = 16) (Neodent, Curitiba, PR, Brazil). The sets were submitted to cyclic testing using servo-hydraulic equipment, fixing the number of cycles at 5 million. It was evaluated the number of cycles, load and moment force of the samples. The Fisher test and ANOVA were applied (p<0,005). Fractured samples were analyzed in the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Result Straight abutment, four resisted the cycles number established, supporting loads between 470N and 510N. Angled abutment: nine resisted to loads between 570N and 890N. Regarding the fractured samples below the number of cycles, in the straight abutment, nine fractured with loads between 470N and 630N. In the angled abutment, five fractured with loads ranging from 760N and 890N. The moment of the force was calculated for each joint implant-abutment (Averages: Straight Group - 4335,23Nmm, angled Group - 3923,37Nmm). Conclusion Two types of abutments (straight and angled), in vitro conditions, statistically behaved similarly, and accepts the null hypothesis that there is no difference in fracture resistance between groups.

Introdução: O granuloma piogênico é uma lesão oral reativa, benigna não-neoplásica que pode ocorrer em mulheres grávidas, conhecido como granuloma gravídico ou granuloma da gravidez. Geralmente é uma massa altamente vascularizada, tem característica exofítica, podendo ser séssil ou pediculado e, sua superfície costuma ter aspecto liso ou lobular, com coloração que varia de vermelha a rósea. A sensibilidade dolorosa irá depender do grau de injúria traumática que envolve a lesão, mas esta é frequentemente indolor. áreas adjacentes a implantes são raras para o aparecimento de tal granuloma.Objetivo:O objetivo deste relato foi apresentar um caso clínico de granuloma piogênico, em região de gengiva lingual inferior, próximo a um implante osseointegrado, em uma paciente de 33 anos de idade, grávida de 3 meses, que possui a lesão desde o início da gestação.Conclusão:Granuloma gravídico foi diagnosticado em associação a um implante dentário. Isto evidencia a necessidade de reforço em higiene oral nas regiões peri-implantares. O tratamento cirúrgico com biópsia excisional e controle da higiene oral foram suficientes para resolução do caso.

Introduction: Pyogenic granuloma, known as gravidarum granuloma or pregnancy granuloma, is a benign non-neoplastic reactive oral lesion that may occur in pregnant women. It is usually a highly vascularized mass, which has exophytic characteristics, and it may be sessile or pedunculated. Its surface has usually a smooth or lobular aspect, with its coloration ranging from red to pink. The pain sensitivity will depend on the degree of injury involving the traumatic lesion, but it is frequently painless. Adjacent areas to dental implants are rare for the appearance of this type of granuloma.Objective:The aim of this case report was to present a clinic case of gravidarum granuloma in the region of lower lingual gingiva, adjacent to an osseointegrated implant in a 33-year-old woman, with 3 months of gestation, who had the lesion since the beginning of her pregnancy.Conclusion: Gravidarum granuloma was diagnosed in association to a dental implant, and it highlights the necessity for improvements of oral hygiene in the peri-implant regions. Surgical treatment with excisional biopsy plus hygiene control were enough to settle the case.

INTRODUÇÃO: A incidência do câncer de boca varia amplamente no mundo, sendo que dois terços dos casos têm sido diagnosticados em países em desenvolvimento. OBJETIVO: Investigar a epidemiologia dos óbitos por câncer de boca e a distribuição espacial no município de Aracaju, estado de Sergipe, entre 2000 e 2009. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Os dados foram coletados do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM) de Aracaju/SE e no site do DATASUS e foram tabulados através do Tabwin 3.4. Foi realizada a distribuição geográfica dos óbitos por bairros desta cidade. RESULTADO: Dos 78 óbitos, 61 (78,2%) eram do sexo masculino. A média de idade foi 64,23 anos. A maior frequência de óbitos foi em indivíduos de cor parda (34,6%). Quanto à escolaridade, a maioria das declarações de óbito registrou a opção ignorada, seguida de indivíduos com 1 a 3 anos de estudo. Os sítios anatômicos mais acometidos foram partes não especificadas da boca (43,6%). A análise da distribuição espacial mostrou que os bairros Santos Dumont, Luzia, Atalaia, Santa Maria, Cidade Nova e Industrial apresentaram as maiores frequências de óbito. CONCLUSÃO: O perfil epidemiológico delineado foi de indivíduos do sexo masculino, entre a quinta e sexta décadas de vida, de cor parda, baixa escolaridade e nos bairros com baixa ou muito baixa condição de vida.

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of oral cancer varies widely in the world, with two thirds of cases diagnosed in developing countries. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the epidemiology of deaths from oral cancer and the spatial distribution in the city of Aracaju in the state of Sergipe between 2000 and 2009. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Data were collected using the Mortality Information System (MIS) of Aracaju/SE at the DATASUS website and were tabulated using the software TABWIN 3.4. The geographic distribution of deaths by neighborhoods of that city was visualized. RESULT: Of the 78 deaths, 61 (78.2%) were male. The mean age was 64.23 years. Individuals of mixed ethnicity had a higher death frequency (34.6%). Regarding education, the majority of death certificates recorded the option ignored, followed by individuals with 1 to 3 years of study. The anatomical sites most affected were unspecified parts of the mouth (43.6%). The spatial distribution analysis indicated that neighborhoods such as Santos Dumont, Luzia, Atalaia, Santa Maria, Cidade Nova and Industrial had the highest death frequencies. CONCLUSION: Males between the fifth and sixth decades of life of mixed ethnicity, low education and in neighborhoods with low and very low standards of living constitute the epidemiological profile for deaths from oral cancer.