Abstract The increase in prices of fertilizers, energy and other materials necessary for the industry triggered a global economic crisis. Reason that was investigated on the biological and chemical characteristics in relation to the yield of radish nourished with humus from plant residue. The objective was to determine the appropriate dose of humus to obtain greater yield and its relationship with the chemical and biological characteristics of the radish. It is based on applied methodology with an experimental approach; Therefore, the Completely Random Block Design model was used, which consisted of 3 blocks and 5 treatments that were T1 with 0, T2 with 4, T3 with 6, T4 with 8 and T5 with 10 t/ha of humus and They applied 15 days after sowing. The physical characteristics of the radish were evaluated and processed using analysis of variance and Duncan. Concentration of elements in leaves and stomatal density were also analyzed. It was determined that T5 stood out in total plant length with 28.95 cm, plant weight with 76.87 g, equatorial diameter with 4,404 cm and commercial yield with 20,296 t/ha. Nitrogen consumption in relation to yield with 247.44 kg/ha. Stomatal density 459 stomata/mm2 and profitability with 150% and nutrient concentration in leaves highlighted T4 with N, K, Ca, Mg, Mo and Zn. It concludes that T5 stood out with 20,296 t/ha, which differed by 26.04% in relation to the control (T1) with 15,011 t/ha. Therefore, this dose added nutrients to the soil that improved the availability for plant absorption and this influenced the concentration of nutrients in leaves such as N, P and Fe and stomatal density with 459 stomata/mm2, which had a response in good development, strengthening against environmental stress and therefore greater performance. fertilizers crisis residue approach Therefore used T 0 4 6 1 tha t ha sowing Duncan analyzed 2895 28 95 28.9 7687 76 87 76.8 g 4404 404 4,40 20296 20 296 20,29 24744 247 44 247.4 kgha kg kg/ha 45 stomatamm2 stomatamm stomata mm2 mm stomata/mm 150 N K Ca Mg Zn 2604 26 04 26.04 (T1 15011 011 15,01 development performance 289 2 9 28. 768 7 76. 440 40 4,4 2029 29 20,2 2474 24 247. 260 26.0 (T 1501 01 15,0 202 20, 26. 15,

Resumo O aumento dos preços dos fertilizantes, energia e outros materiais necessários à indústria desencadeou uma crise econômica global. Motivo que foi investigado sobre as características biológicas e químicas em relação ao rendimento de rabanete nutrido com húmus de resíduo vegetal. O objetivo foi determinar a dose adequada de húmus para obtenção de maior rendimento e sua relação com as características químicas e biológicas do rabanete. Baseia-se em metodologia aplicada com abordagem experimental. Para tanto, utilizou-se o modelo de Delineamento em Blocos Completamente Aleatórios, que consistiu de 3 blocos e 5 tratamentos, que foram T1 com 0, T2 com 4, T3 com 6, T4 com 8 e T5 com 10 t/ha de húmus, e aplicaram 15 dias após a semeadura. As características físicas do rabanete foram avaliadas e processadas por meio de análise de variância e Duncan. Também foram analisadas a concentração de elementos nas folhas e a densidade estomática. Foi determinado que o T5 se destacou no comprimento total da planta com 28,95 cm, peso da planta com 76,87 g, diâmetro equatorial com 4.404 cm e produtividade comercial com 20.296 t/ha. Consumo de nitrogênio em relação à produtividade com 247,44 kg/ha. Densidade estomática 459 estômatos/mm2 e rentabilidade com 150% e concentração de nutrientes nas folhas destacadas T4 com N, K, Ca, Mg, Mo e Zn. Conclui que o T5 se destacou com 20.296 t/ha, que diferiu em 26,04% em relação ao controle (T1) com 15.011 t/ha. Portanto, esta dose adicionou nutrientes ao solo que melhoraram a disponibilidade para absorção pelas plantas e isso influenciou na concentração de nutrientes nas folhas como N, P e Fe e na densidade estomática com 459 estômatos/mm2, que teve resposta em bom desenvolvimento, fortalecendo contra o estresse ambiental e, portanto, maior desempenho. fertilizantes global vegetal Baseiase Baseia experimental tanto utilizouse utilizou Aleatórios tratamentos T 0 4 6 1 tha t ha semeadura Duncan 2895 28 95 28,9 7687 76 87 76,8 g 4404 404 4.40 20296 20 296 20.29 24744 247 44 247,4 kgha kg kg/ha 45 estômatosmm2 estômatosmm estômatos mm2 mm estômatos/mm 150 N K Ca Mg Zn 2604 26 04 26,04 (T1 15011 011 15.01 Portanto desenvolvimento portanto desempenho 289 2 9 28, 768 7 76, 440 40 4.4 2029 29 20.2 2474 24 247, 260 26,0 (T 1501 01 15.0 4. 202 20. 26, 15.

Abstract Annual fish live exclusively in temporary wetlands and are among the shortest-lived vertebrates in the world. These fish persist in these habitats due to drought-resistant eggs, that which, through diapauses are able to detect stimuli from the environment to start the development processes. They are also able to direct their embryonic development in different trajectories with different development times. Our objective in this paper was to describe the different stages of embryonic development of Austrolebias wolterstorffi, a critically endangered annual fish. A total of 27 stages of embryonic development were identified for the two observed developmental pathways (direct and diapause 2). Of these 27 developmental stages observed, 24 were identical between the two types of trajectories and three different. A total of 90% of the embryos that completed their development proceeded normally, without pauses. One embryo had a different development from the others, entering diapause 2, with a pause in development for 48 h. Although the embryonic development of A. wolterstorffi is similar to that of other Neotropical annual fish species, the diapause 2 occurs when the embryo has a large body size and a well-developed brain, indicating that the lack of embryonic information of the genus Austrolebias may hide characteristics still undescribed or even different survival strategies than what has been observed for other annual fish. shortestlived shortest lived world droughtresistant drought resistant eggs which processes times 2. . 2) 90 normally pauses others 4 h species welldeveloped well developed brain 9

Resumo Os peixes anuais vivem exclusivamente em áreas úmidas temporárias e estão entre os vertebrados de vida mais curta do mundo. Esses peixes persistem nesses habitats devido a ovos resistentes à seca, que, por meio de diapausas, são capazes de detectar estímulos do ambiente para iniciar os processos de desenvolvimento embrionário. Eles também são capazes de direcionar seu desenvolvimento embrionário em diferentes trajetórias com diferentes tempos de desenvolvimento. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever os diferentes estágios do desenvolvimento embrionário de Austrolebias wolterstorffi, um peixe anual criticamente ameaçado. Um total de 27 estágios de desenvolvimento embrionário foram identificados para as duas trajetórias de desenvolvimento observadas (direto e diapausa 2). Desses 27 estágios de desenvolvimento observados, 24 eram idênticos entre os dois tipos de trajetórias e três diferentes. Um total de 90% dos embriões que completaram seu desenvolvimento seguiu normalmente, sem pausas. Um embrião teve um desenvolvimento diferente dos demais, entrando na diapausa 2, com pausa no desenvolvimento de 48h. Embora o desenvolvimento embrionário de A. wolterstorffi seja semelhante ao de outras espécies de peixes anuais neotropicais, a diapausa 2 ocorre quando o embrião tem um corpo grande e um cérebro bem desenvolvido, indicando que a falta de informação embrionária do gênero Austrolebias pode escondem características ainda não descritas ou mesmo estratégias de sobrevivência diferentes das observadas para outros peixes anuais. mundo seca diapausas ameaçado direto 2. . 2) observados 90 normalmente pausas demais 48h h A neotropicais desenvolvido 9

Abstract Ortho-eugenol is a synthetic derivative from eugenol, the major compound of clove essential oil, which has demonstrated antidepressant and antinociceptive effects in pioneering studies. Additionally, its effects appear to be dependent on the noradrenergic and dopaminergic systems. Depression and anxiety disorders are known to share a great overlap in their pathophysiology, and many drugs are effective in the treatment of both diseases. Furthermore, high levels of anxiety are related to working memory deficits and increased oxidative stress. Thus, in this study we investigated the effects of acute treatment of ortho-eugenol, at 50, 75 and 100 mg/kg, on anxiety, working memory and oxidative stress in male Swiss mice. Our results show that the 100 mg/kg dose increased the number of head-dips and reduced the latency in the hole-board test. The 50 mg/kg dose reduced malondialdehyde levels in the prefrontal cortex and the number of Y-maze entries compared to the MK-801-induced hyperlocomotion group. All doses reduced nitrite levels in the hippocampus. It was also possible to assess a statistical correlation between the reduction of oxidative stress and hyperlocomotion after the administration of ortho-eugenol. However, acute treatment was not able to prevent working memory deficits. Therefore, the present study shows that ortho-eugenol has an anxiolytic and antioxidant effect, and was able to prevent substance-induced hyperlocomotion. Our results contribute to the elucidation of the pharmacological profile of ortho-eugenol, as well as to direct further studies that seek to investigate its possible clinical applications. Orthoeugenol Ortho eugenol oil Additionally systems pathophysiology diseases Furthermore Thus orthoeugenol, orthoeugenol ortho 7 10 mgkg mg kg mice headdips head dips holeboard hole board test 5 Ymaze Y maze MK801induced MKinduced MK 801 induced group hippocampus orthoeugenol. eugenol. However Therefore effect substanceinduced substance applications 1 80 8

Resumo Ortho-eugenol é um derivado sintético do eugenol, composto principal do óleo essencial de cravo, que demonstrou efeitos antidepressivos e antinociceptivos em estudos pioneiros. Além disso, seus efeitos parecem ser dependentes dos sistemas noradrenérgico e dopaminérgico. Sabe-se que os transtornos de depressão e ansiedade compartilham uma grande sobreposição em sua fisiopatologia, e muitas drogas são eficazes no tratamento de ambas as doenças. Além disso, altos níveis de ansiedade estão relacionados a déficits de memória de trabalho e aumento do estresse oxidativo. Assim, o presente estudo investigou os efeitos do tratamento agudo de orto-eugenol, nas doses de 50, 75 e 100 mg/kg, na ansiedade, memória de trabalho e estresse oxidativo em camundongos Swiss machos. Nossos resultados mostram que a dose de 100 mg/kg aumentou o número de mergulhos e reduziu a latência no teste da placa perfurada. A dose de 50 mg/kg reduziu os níveis de malondialdeído no córtex pré-frontal e o número de entradas no labirinto em Y em comparação com o grupo de hiperlocomoção induzida por MK-801. Todas as doses reduziram os níveis de nitrito no hipocampo. Também foi possível avaliar uma correlação estatística entre a redução do estresse oxidativo e a hiperlocomoção após a administração do orto-eugenol. No entanto, o tratamento agudo não foi capaz de prevenir os déficits de memória de trabalho. Portanto, o presente estudo mostra que o orto-eugenol tem efeito ansiolítico e antioxidante, sendo capaz de prevenir a hiperlocomoção induzida pela substância. Nossos resultados contribuem para a elucidação do perfil farmacológico do orto-eugenol, bem como para direcionar novos estudos que busquem investigar suas possíveis aplicações clínicas. Orthoeugenol Ortho eugenol cravo pioneiros disso dopaminérgico Sabese Sabe se fisiopatologia doenças Assim ortoeugenol, ortoeugenol orto 7 10 mgkg mg kg machos perfurada 5 préfrontal pré frontal MK801. MK801 MK 801. 801 MK-801 hipocampo ortoeugenol. eugenol. entanto Portanto antioxidante substância clínicas 1 MK80 80 MK-80 MK8 8 MK-8 MK-

RESUMO O feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata) é uma cultura econômica e nutricionalmente importante. No entanto, o feijão-caupi está sujeito ao ataque de insetos-praga que reduzem a qualidade e o valor nutricional dos grãos durante o armazenamento. O uso de produtos à base de plantas como alternativa de controle de insetos-praga tem-se destacado por sua baixa toxicidade ao ambiente e a saúde humana. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a bioatividade de diferentes extratos vegetais sobre o caruncho-do-feijão (Callosobruchus maculatus). O delineamento inteiramente casualizado foi adotado, com sete tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por seis extratos vegetais Morus nigra, Anadenanthera macrocarpa, Dysphania ambrosioides, Moringa oleifera, Ziziphus joazeiro e Licania rigida) e solução salina (NaCl) 0,15 M como controle. A probabilidade de sobrevivência, oviposição e emergência de adultos foram avaliadas. Os extratos vegetais apresentaram efeitos diferentes sobre o C. maculatus, sendo o extrato de D. ambrosioides o mais letal para o caruncho do feijão. Os extratos de A. macrocarpa e D. ambrosioides mostraram repelência ao caruncho-do-feijão. Os extratos de A. macrocarpa, D. ambroisoides, Z. joazeiro e L. rigida interferiram na oviposição das fêmeas; e os extratos de M. oleifera e Z. joazeiro diminuíram a emergência de machos e de fêmeas de C. maculatus.

ABSTRACT Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is an economically and nutritionally important crop. However, cowpeas are subject to attack by insect pests that reduce the quality and nutritional value of the grains during storage. The use of plant-based products as an alternative control of insect pests has been highlighted for their low toxicity on the environment and human health. This study aimed to evaluate the bioactivity of different plant extracts on the cowpea weevil (Callosobruchus maculatus). A completely randomized design was adopted with seven treatments and six replicates. The treatments consisted of extracts from six plants, namely Morus nigra, Anadenanthera macrocarpa, Dysphania ambrosioides, Moringa oleifera, Ziziphus joazeiro, and Licania rigida and saline solution (NaCl) 0.15 M as control. Survival probability, oviposition, and adult emergence were evaluated. The plant extracts showed different effects on C. maculatus, with D. ambrosioides extract being the most lethal to the bean weevil. A. macrocarpa and D. ambrosioides extracts showed repellency against the cowpea weevil; A. macrocarpa, D. ambroisoides, Z. joazeiro, and L. rigida extracts interfered with the oviposition of females; and M. oleifera and Z. joazeiro extracts decreased the emergence of male and female C. maculatus.

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe the long term prognosis of 34 patients with Takayasu arteritis and the results of surgi cal and endovascular treatment. A total of 5 central surgeries and 53 endovascular procedures were performed including 18 bypass surgeries (33.8%) and 35 angioplasties (66.2%). The median follow-up was 7.5 years, in terquartile range [IQR] 2.6-12.5. Among the 18 bypass surgeries 6 (33.3%) had events, while in the 35 patients with endovascular treatment there were 16 events (45.7%). The overall 1-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year death and arterial complication-free survival rates were 80% (95% CI between 74 and 89%), 68% (95% CI between 58 and 79%), 65% (95% CI between 54 and 76%) and 47% (95% CI between 41 and 62%). Both revascularization techniques were initially successful. In long term follow-up there was a high restenosis recurrence rate with endovascular treatment requiring repeated revascularization to the same vessel in 41% of the cases. Surgery had higher mor tality in patients with aortic and ascending aortic valve disease, combined coronary artery disease and carotid disease. In long term follow up Takayasu arteritis frequently requires revascularization and restenosis or new lesions are common. Surgical treatment had better results with less restenosis than angioplasty.

Resumen Se analizaron los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico y endovascular a 7.5 años, rango intercuartilo (RIC) entre 2.6 y 12.5 años de seguimiento en 34 pacientes con arteritis de Takayasu. Se reali zaron en total 5 cirugías cardíacas centrales y 53 procedimientos vasculares,18 cirugías de bypass (33.9%) y 35 angioplastías (66.1%). Entre los 18 procedimientos quirúrgicos realizados, 6 (33.3%) presentaron eventos, mientras que en los 35 con intervención percutánea hubo 16 eventos (45.7%). La supervivencia actuarial y otras complicaciones vasculares (método de Kaplan y Meier) a 1,3,5 y 10 años fue: 80% (IC 95% entre 74 y 89%), 68% (IC 95% entre 58 y 79%), 65% (IC 95% entre 54 y 76%) y 47% (IC 95% entre 41 y 62%).Tanto la revascularización endovascular como la quirúrgica fueron inicialmente exitosas. En el seguimiento del tratamiento endovascular hubo una alta tasa de eventos con necesidad de revascularización repetida a un mismo vaso en el 41% de los casos. La cirugía tuvo mayor mortalidad en pacientes con valvulopatía aórtica, de aorta ascendente y enfermedad coronaria y carotidea combinada. La arteritis de Takayasu requiere frecuentemente revascularización debido a reestenosis y lesiones de novo. En su evolución alejada, el procedimiento quirúrgico ofreció mejores resultados con menor reestenosis.

ABSTRACT The pre-consolidation pressure is a soil parameter indicating the maximum load that can be supported without irreversible deformation. However, the commercially available equipment for such determination is very expensive, limiting studies on this subject. The objective of this study was to develop a low-cost press model for determining a soil pre-consolidation pressure. The press comprised an electric jack for lifting a soil sample against a fixed piston. A compression cell was built using Technyl®. The stability and smoothness of the applied loads were controlled using springs with different dimensions and strengths. The load and deformation data were obtained using an indicator connected to the load cell and a dial indicator, respectively. The equipment was tested by determining the pre-consolidation pressure in an Oxisol cultivated with cotton and under an area of native Cerrado. The pre-consolidation pressures for a soil water tension of 10 kPa were 50.8 kPa and 61.1 kPa for the soil under the native Cerrado and cotton crop, respectively, and the compressibility indexes were 0.71 and 0.37, respectively. The main advantages of this equipment are its low cost, ease of construction, and simplicity of operation. However, the equipment is non-automatic; thus, the data necessary for the construction of the compression curve must be collected by an operator.

Resumen Se presenta el caso de un hombre de 27 años con una lesión grave articular interfalángica proximal en el dedo anular de la mano derecha, provocada por un proyectil de arma de fuego, que fue tratada con doble injerto osteocondral de costilla. Tenía una fractura expuesta y déficit de stock óseo y cartilaginoso tanto en la primera como en la segunda falange. Luego de la limpieza inicial, a las 3 semanas, se realizó una artroplastia interfalángica proximal con doble injerto osteocondral de costilla y fijador externo distractor de Suzuki. Se describe con detalle la técnica quirúrgica. A las 10 semanas posoperatorias, la flexión activa interfalángica era de 75° y la extensión activa, de -15°, con articulación estable. Alta laboral a los 3 meses de la cirugía, sin dolor y un puntaje DASH de 14,2. Las radiografías mostraron la incorporación de los injertos, sin reabsorción y con una articulación congruente. Se valora la ventaja de esta técnica en cuanto a la escasa morbilidad para la zona dadora y la versatilidad para las reconstrucciones con defectos articulares. El resultado funcional temprano subjetivo y objetivo fue satisfactorio. No se pueden descartar complicaciones futuras.

Abstract We present the case of a 27-year-old male patient with a gunshot wound and severe proximal interphalangeal joint injury in the ring finger of the right hand, treated with a double osteochondral rib graft. He had an exposed fracture and a lack of bone and cartilage stock in both the first and second phalanx. After the initial toilette, at 3 weeks, a proximal interphalangeal arthroplasty was performed with a double osteochondral rib graft protected by a Suzuki external distractor. The surgical technique is described in detail. At 10 weeks after surgery, an active interphalangeal joint flexion of 75° and active extension of -15° were verified, without articular instability. The patient returned to work at 3 months after surgery, with no residual pain (0 VAS score) and a DASH score of 14.2. Radiographs showed incorporated grafts without resorption and a congruent joint. This technique is valued for its low morbidity on the donor site and versatility for joint defect reconstructions. The limitations of our study are mentioned. The clinical case presented obtained a satisfactory subjective and objective early functional outcome. Further complications cannot be ruled out.

Na adubação do primeiro ciclo da cultura da bananeira são utilizadas altas doses de adubos. Estas são divididas no ciclo, para reduzir as perdas e aplicadas de forma manual, demandando muita mão de obra. Objetivou-se com o experimento comparar uma única aplicação de fertilizante de liberação controlada com a aplicação parcelada de fertilizante misto convencional, na produtividade, no estado nutricional e nas características químicas do solo, no primeiro ciclo da cultura da bananeira. O experimento foi conduzido em Sete Barras, SP, com a bananeira (Musa acuminata)o subgrupo Cavendish cultivar Grand Naine, durante o primeiro ciclo, de 15 meses, nos anos de 2015/16, utilizando o fertilizante de liberação controlada (FLC) 14-07-27 e o fertilizante misto convencional (FC) 14-07-28. Foi adotado o delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, e cinco tratamentos: 900 e 600 g planta-1 do FLC, em única aplicação; 1200 g planta-1 do FC parcelados em três, cinco e sete aplicações. A adubação com FLC proporcionou a mesma produtividade e manteve o estado nutricional adequado da bananeira em comparação com os tratamentos com o parcelamento do FC. A adubação com 600 g planta-1 do FLC acidificou menos o solo que o FC, independente do parcelamento, e manteve os teores de P e K no solo, em teores adequados para a cultura da banana, quatro meses após a aplicação.

High doses of fertilizers are used in the fertilization of the first cycle of banana crops. These doses are divided in the cycle to reduce losses and applied manually, requiring a great number of people. The objective of this study was to compare a single application of controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) with the split application of conventional mixed fertilizer (CF) evaluating yield, nutritional status and soil chemical characteristics during the first cycle of a banana crop. The experiment was conducted in Sete Barras, SP, Brazil, with the banana (Musa acuminata) subgroup Cavendish cv. Grand Naine, first cycle, during 15 months, in the years 2015/16, using the CRF 14-07-27 and the CF 14-07-28. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and five treatments: 900 and 600 g plant-1 of CRF, in a single application, and 1,200 g plant-1 of CF split in three, five and seven applications. Fertilization with CRF provided the same yield and kept an adequate nutritional status of banana plants compared to treatments using split application of CF. Fertilization with 600 g plant-1 of CRF made the soil less acidic than CF, regardless of split application, and kept the levels of P and K in the soil at appropriate levels for banana crops after four months of application.

Resumo Justificativa: O delírio pós-operatório é uma complicação séria em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia abdominal de grande porte. Ainda não está claro se as variáveis hemodinâmicas e de perfusão no período perioperatório afetam o risco de delírio pós-operatório. O objetivo deste estudo piloto foi avaliar a associação entre perfusão e hemodinâmica no perioperatório com o surgimento de delírio pós-operatório. Métodos: Estudo prospectivo de coorte de adultos com 60 anos ou mais, submetidos à cirurgia eletiva aberta do cólon. As variáveis multimodais de hemodinâmica e perfusão foram monitoradas, inclusive oxigenação venosa central (ScvO2), níveis de lactato e oxigenação cerebral não invasiva (rSO2), de acordo com um protocolo-padrão de anestesia. O teste exato de Fisher ou o teste t de Student foram usados para comparar os pacientes que desenvolveram delírio pós-operatório com aqueles que não desenvolveram p < 0,05. Resultados: Avaliamos 28 pacientes, 73 ± 7 anos, 60,7% do sexo feminino. Dois pacientes desenvolveram delírio pós-operatório (7,1%). Esses dois pacientes tinham menos anos de escolaridade do que aqueles sem delírio pós-operatório (p = 0,031). Nenhuma das variáveis de pressão arterial no perioperatório foi associada à incidência de delírio. Quanto aos parâmetros de perfusão, ScvO2 foi menor no grupo que apresentou delírio pós-operatório do que no grupo que não apresentou delírio, sem atingir significância estatística (65 ± 10% vs. 74 ± 5%; p = 0,08), mas o delta-ScvO2 (a diferença entre as médias no pós-operatório e intraoperatório) foi associado ao delírio (p = 0,043). As variáveis de lactato e rSO2 no pós-operatório não foram associadas ao delírio. Conclusões: Nosso estudo piloto sugere uma associação entre delta-ScvO2 e delírio e uma tendência à diminuição da ScvO2 no pós-operatório de pacientes com delírio. Estudos adicionais são necessários para elucidar essa associação.

Abstract Background: Post-operative delirium is a serious complication in patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. It remains unclear whether peri-operative hemodynamic and perfusion variables affect the risk for postoperative delirium. The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the association between perfusion and hemodynamics peri-operative with the appearance of post-operative delirium. Methods: Prospective cohort study of adults 60 years or older undergoing elective open colon surgery. Multimodal hemodynamic and perfusion variables were monitored, including central venous oxygenation (ScvO2), lactate levels, and non-invasive cerebral oxygenation (rSO2), according to a standard anesthesia protocol. Fisher's exact test or Student's t-test were used to compare patients who developed post-operative delirium with those who did not (p < 0.05). Results: We studied 28 patients, age 73 ± 7 years, 60.7% female. Two patients developed post-operative delirium (7.1%). These two patients had fewer years of education than those without delirium (p = 0.031). None of the peri-operative blood pressure variables were associated with incidence of post-operative delirium. In terms of perfusion parameters, postoperative ScvO2 was lower in the delirium than the non-delirium group, without reaching statistical significance (65 ± 10% vs. 74 ± 5%; p = 0.08), but the delta-ScvO2 (the difference between means post-operative and intra-operative) was associated with post-operative delirium (p = 0.043). Post-operative lactate and rSO2 variables were not associated with delirium. Conclusions: Our pilot study suggests an association between delta ScvO2 and post-operative delirium, and a tendency to lower post-operative ScvO2 in patients who developed delirium. Further studies are necessary to elucidate this association.

Abstract Austempered ductile iron is frequently employed in the fabrication of automobile parts due to its good mechanical properties, and its simplicity and low cost of the manufacturing process. The heat treatment design is an important stage, in which parameters such as temperatures and durations are chosen according to the required microstructure, part dimension, and initial characteristics of ductile iron. A coupled thermo-mechanical-metallurgical model is employed in this work to facilitate the heat treatment design of a ductile iron differential case. The thermal-mechanical model is solved by using a general-purpose software, and the metallurgical model is implemented into it by means of user-defined subroutines. To perform the austempering heat treatment simulation of the part, experimental results were required to complete some basic parameters of the model. In order to select appropriated values of thermal cycle parameters, the numerical model was employed to analyze the influence of austenitizing temperature, and austempering time and temperature in the microstructure, dimensional change of the part, cooling rate, and minimum required time of the heat treatment to obtain a full ausferritic matrix. A good performance of the computational tool was found by comparison of numerical and experimental results.

Abstract This study evaluates the recovery of heavy metals employing a spent catalyst from the hydrodesulfurization (HDS) of diesel, with no chemical, thermal or physical pretreatment, using the bacterial strain Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans FG-01. Direct and indirect bioleaching tests were carried out in Erlenmeyer flasks (500 mL). The influence of the pulp density and supplementation with elemental sulfur on the bioleaching were also investigated. The spent catalyst contained organochlorines, petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals in its composition. The best recovery results (26% Al, 26% V and 39% Mo) were achieved in the two-stage (indirect) bioprocess, with a pulp density of 50 g/L. It was not possible to recover Co, Cu and Ni (< 5%) under any of the conditions tested. The bacterial strain A. thiooxidans FG-01 was found to be a promising candidate for the recovery of Al, V and Mo using the crude spent HDS catalyst.

Breast reconstruction using abdominal free flaps has become the therapeutic choice at our center when a lot of tissue is needed, The completion of this reconstructive technique requires a variable number of ancillary procedures. Patients who underwent breast reconstruction with abdominal free flap at our center between January 2010 and December 2013 were reviewed. The inclusion criterion was completion to nipple reconstruction. The patients were stratified attending to microsurgical reconstruction related factors and adjuvant radiotherapy. Number and sort of procedures and surgeries, and total elapsed time to complete the reconstruction were analyzed. Sixty-eight patients underwent reconstruction using abdominal free flap; 31 (45.6%) completed breast reconstruction. The average of procedures, surgical steps and elapsed time was 3.2, 2.4 and 15.5 months respectively. Surgical time and bilateral procedures, treatment with radiotherapy and early flap complications were not related to statistically significant differences in secondary surgery rates. Abdominal free flaps often need secondary surgeries to improve the result and finish the reconstruction. We remark the necessity of planning the reconstruction since first surgical time to diminish the secondary surgeries and the elapsed time until completion of breast reconstruction.

La reconstrucción mamaria con colgajo libre abdominal se ha convertido en la opción terapéutica de elección en nuestro centro hospitalario cuando se necesita abundante cantidad de tejido. La culminación de este tipo de reconstrucción requiere un número variable de procedimientos auxiliares de retoque. Revisamos las historias de las pacientes sometidas en nuestro centro a reconstrucción mamaria con colgajo libre abdominal entre enero de 2010 y diciembre de 2013. El criterio de inclusión fue la reconstrucción del pezón como última cirugía. Las pacientes fueron estratificadas atendiendo a factores relacionados con la reconstrucción microquirúrgica y la existencia de radioterapia adyuvante. Analizamos el número y tipo de procedimientos y cirugías de retoque, así como el tiempo transcurrido hasta completar el proceso de reconstrucción. En total, recogimos 68 pacientes reconstruidas con colgajo libre abdominal. De ellas, 31 (45,6%) completaron la reconstrucción mamaria. La media de procedimientos fue de 3,2 por paciente, con una media de 2,4 tiempos quirúrgicos y un tiempo medio de 15,5 meses hasta la reconstrucción del pezón. El momento de la reconstrucción, la bilateralidad, el tratamiento con radioterapia y la presencia de complicaciones tempranas del colgajo no se relacionaron con diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la tasa de cirugía secundaria. Los colgajos libres abdominales necesitan frecuentemente cirugías secundarias para mejorar el resultado y terminar la reconstrucción. Remarcamos la necesidad de planificar la reconstrucción desde el primer tiempo quirúrgico para disminuir la necesidad de cirugías de retoque y el tiempo hasta completar la reconstrucción mamaria.

Two new conjugated polymers, poly(2,3-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine) and poly(2,3-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrido[3,4-b]pyrazine), based on thiophene and pyridine rings were chemically and electrochemically synthesized and characterized by IR, UV-Vis and elemental analysis. Monomers were chemically synthesized at high yield percentages and characterized by FTIR and NMR. Polymers showed p- and n-type doping as well as low bandgap, making them potential candidates for the development of electronic devices.

The goal of the present study was to achieve the first ethnological characterization of the Magellan Sheepdog. This dog is distributed throughout the Magallanes region (48º37' to 56º30' south latitude) in Southern Chile where it plays a fundamental role in sheep farming. This dog population is the result of breeding between British sheepdogs arrived in Chile in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries and has developed a high adaptation to the Chilean Patagonia climate conditions. Seventy five dogs (43 male and 32 female) were analyzed under morphometric and phanae-roptical criteria. All the dogs were selected by their phenotypical resemblance to Magellan Sheepdog according to local breeder's perceptions. Seventy five dogs were analyzed for the phanaeroptical features. For the morphostructural features only 62 dogs were analyzed. Thirteen dogs between 1-2 years old were excluded from the analysis due to extreme variability. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the Magellan Sheepdog has high morphostructural uniformity, definite sexual dimorphism and an ensemble of phanaeroptical features important to its definition as a different dog breed population. This study is the first zoometric characterization of the Magellan Sheepdog and establishes the foundation for further studies needed to implement the official breed standard.

El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de proporcionar una primera aproximación etnológica del perro Ovejero Magallánico. Esta población canina se ubica en la región de Magallanes (48º37' a los 56º30' latitud sur), Chile, en donde cumple un rol fundamental como animal de trabajo en la ganadería ovina de la zona. Esta población canina es el producto de la cruza de perros ovejeros británicos llegados a la zona a fines del siglo XIX y comienzos del XX, que se han adaptado por más de un siglo a las duras condiciones climáticas de la Patagonia Chilena. Se realizó un muestreo dirigido a perros que cumplieran con las características morfológicas que los ganaderos de Magallanes asocian a esta población canina. Se analizaron variables zoométricas en 75 perros (43 machos y 32 hembras) adultos. Para las variables fanerópticas se utilizaron los 75 perros, mientras que para la variable morfoestructural solo fueron considerados 62 perros, ya que 13 individuos entre 1 y 2 años presentaron excesiva variabilidad. Los resultados obtenidos permiten establecer que el Ovejero Magallánico presenta una marcada uniformidad morfoestructural, definido dimorfismo sexual y un conjunto de caracteres fanerópticos distintivos, aspectos que son importantes en la definición racial de una población canina. Este estudio constituye la primera caracterización zoométrica del perro Ovejero Magallánico y contribuye a establecer las bases para estudios posteriores necesarios para implementar el estándar oficial de la raza.

This paper presents numerical results of stress concentration factors for plates perforated by corrosion. Evidence from 25 plates with corrosion perforation considered show that typical shapes may be characterized as a deviation from an ellipse or from a circle. In order to model typical perforations created by this type of corrosion, holes with non-circular boundaries have been considered in the form of cosine shape and variations from it. Two load cases are investigated: uniaxial and shear stress fields in an elastic plane stress problem. The influence of the amplitude of deviation with respect to an ellipse or circle and the local curvature of the internal boundary of the hole are studied. A simplified model of an equivalent ellipse originally proposed by Nishida is shown to provide good estimates for stress concentration factors for a range of shapes induced by corrosion.