Abstract The high concentration of glucose in the blood in Type 2 diabetes (T2D) may be related to either insulin resistance or insulin deficiency. Moreover, the literature points to periodontitis as the main oral disease caused by glycemia imbalance. The quantification of inflammatory markers in blood or saliva samples of T2D patients may represent a valuable tool in revealing how well an individual’s immune system can respond to injuries and periodontal treatment. In addition, an evaluation of the cytokine expression is extremely relevant to help understand the connection between periodontitis and T2D. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the expression of inflammatory markers in T2D patients with periodontitis, compared with non-diabetic patients with periodontitis. A total of 3,894 studies were retrieved after a systematic literature search, 15 of which were included in the systematic review, and 4 of these 15, in the meta-analysis. The results did not indicate any statistical difference between the groups regarding TNF-α and IL-6 markers. T2D patients with periodontitis had increased levels of IL-10, compared with non-diabetic individuals with periodontitis (p = 0.003). On the other hand, the IL-4 concentration in non-diabetic individuals with periodontitis was high, compared with the T2D group (p< 0.001). Several studies did not include quantitative results and were excluded from the meta-analysis. The high IL-10 expression and low IL-4 expression in the T2D group suggest an association between the level of these markers and the impairment of the immune response in T2D patients with periodontitis.

Resumo Fundamento As doenças cardiovasculares constituem um grupo importante de causas de morte no Brasil. As doenças isquêmicas do coração são as principais causas de parada cardiorrespiratória, levando a um impacto na mortalidade devido às doenças cardiovasculares no sistema de saúde. Objetivo Avaliar o número de óbitos domiciliares por parada cardiorrespiratória notificados pelo Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) em março de 2018, 2019 e 2020. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo observacional realizado a partir da análise de dados de mortalidade por parada cardiorrespiratória de cidadãos atendidos pelo SAMU em Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Foram analisadas as características sociais e clínicas e as informações de ocorrência. Foi avaliada a taxa de mortalidade por parada cardiorrespiratória em relação ao número total de atendimentos. Foi considerado um nível de significância de 95%. Resultados Houve um aumento nos óbitos domiciliares por parada cardiorrespiratória em março de 2020, em comparação com março de 2018 (p < 0,001) e março de 2019 (p = 0,050). Dos óbitos relatados em 2020, 63,8% dos pacientes tinham 60 anos ou mais; 63,7% das ocorrências foram à tarde e aproximadamente 87% dos casos de parada cardiorrespiratória notificados apresentavam comorbidades clínicas, com hipertensão arterial sistêmicas e parada cardíaca correspondendo a 22,87% e 13,03% dos casos relatados, respectivamente. A maioria da amostra avaliada deste estudo não teve acompanhamento médico (88,7%). Conclusão Considerando o aumento do número de óbitos, sugerimos reflexões e reajustes quanto ao monitoramento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis durante a pandemia, bem como melhorias na vigilância dos óbitos. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(2):266-271)

Abstract Background Cardiovascular diseases constitute an important group of causes of death in the country. Ischemic heart diseases that are the main causes of cardiopulmonary arrest, leading to an impact on the mortality of the cardiovascular diseases in the health system. Objective Assess the number of home deaths by cardiopulmonary arrest notified by the Mobile Emergency Medical Service (SAMU) in March 2018, 2019 and 2020. Methods Observational study carried out from the analysis of cardiopulmonary arrest mortality data of citizens assisted by SAMU in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Social and clinical characteristics and occurrence information of the patients were analyzed. The mortality rate due to cardiopulmonary arrest in relation to the total number of attendances was assessed. A significance level of 95% was considered. Results There was increase of home deaths due to cardiopulmonary arrest in March 2020 compared to March 2018 (p<0.001) and March 2019 (p=0.050). Of the deaths reported in 2020, 63.8% of the patients were aged 60 years or older, 63.7% of the occurrences were performed in the afternoon and approximately 87% of the cardiopulmonary arrest notified had associated clinical comorbidities, with systemic arterial hypertension and heart failure represented by 22.87% and 13.03% of the reported cases, respectively. The majority of the evaluated sample of this study did not have any medical care follow-up (88.7%). Conclusion Considering the increase in the number of the deaths, we suggest reflections and readjustments regarding the monitoring of chronic non-transmissible diseases during a pandemic, as well as improvements in death surveillance. (Arq Bras Cardiol. 2021; 116(2):266-271)

Objetivo: Investigar os efeitos da terapia periodontal não cirúrgica sobre níveis de proteína C-reativa ultrassensível no soro e associação dessa com o índice de massa corporal e lipoproteína de alta densidade em indivíduos com periodontite grave. Métodos: O soro de 28 indivíduos (idade média: 34,36±6,24; 32% homens) com periodontite grave e 27 controles saudáveis (idade média: 33,18±6,42; 33% homens) foi coletado antes da terapia periodontal. Novas amostras de sangue foram obtidas dos 23 indivíduos que completaram o tratamento periodontal (entre 9-12 meses após). Parâmetros bucais e sistêmicos, tais como contagem do número de células do sangue, exame complementar de glicose, lipidograma e níveis de proteína C-reativa ultrassensível, acessados pelo método de nefelometria (imunonefelometria ultrassensível) foram incluídos. Resultados: Antes da terapia, a proporção de indivíduos com proteína C-reativa ultrassensível <0,3 mg/dL no grupo periodontite foi estatisticamente menor que a proporção de indivíduos com proteína C-reativa ultrassensível <0,3 mg/ dL nos controles (P<0,0216). Após a terapia, a proporção de indivíduos com proteína C-reativa ultrassensível <0,3 mg/dL foi estatisticamente maior (65,22%) (P<0,0339). O valor médio para índice de massa corporal foi estatisticamente menor nos indivíduos com proteína C-reativa ultrassensível <0,3 mg/dL (24,63±4,19), comparados àqueles com proteína C-reativa ultrassensível ≥0,3 mg/dL (28,91±6,03) (P<0,0411). O colesterol lipoproteína de alta densidade pós-terapia apresentou valor médio estatisticamente maior (P<0,0027). Conclusão: Em indivíduos com periodontite e saudáveis sistemicamente, a terapia periodontal foi associada com o decréscimo dos níveis de proteína C-reativa ultrassensível circulante no soro e aumento de lipoproteína de alta densidade. O ensaio clínico foi registrado no http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.br/, No. RBR-24T799.

Objective: To investigate the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in the sera and its association with body mass index and high density lipoprotein in subjects with severe periodontitis. Methods: Sera from 28 subjects (mean age: 34.36±6.24; 32% men) with severe periodontitis and 27 healthy controls (mean age: 33.18±6.42; 33% men) were collected prior to periodontal therapy. Blood samples were obtained from 23 subjects who completed therapy (9-12 months). Oral and systemic parameters such as the number of blood cells, glucose examination, lipid profile, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels accessed by high-sensitivity immunonephelometry assay, were included. Results: Before therapy, in the periodontitis group, the ratio of subjects with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein <0.3 mg/dL was statistically lower than in the control group (P<0.0216). After therapy, the ratio of subjects with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein <0.3 mg/dL was significantly higher (65.22%) (P<0.0339). The mean value for body mass index was statistically lower in subjects with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein <0.3 mg/dL (24.63±4.19), compared with those with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein >0.3 mg/dL (28.91±6.03) (P<0.0411). High density lipoprotein presented a mean value statistically higher after therapy (P<0.0027). Conclusion: In systemically healthy subjects with periodontitis, periodontal therapy was associated with decreased levels of circulating high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and increase of high density lipoprotein in serum. The clinical trial was registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.gov.br/, No. RBR-24T799.

Phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes constitutes the main defense mechanism against bacterial challenges in periodontitis. Phagocytosis by neutrophils has already been evaluated, whereas phagocytic function of monocytes has hardly been addressed so far. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess phagocytosis by neutrophils and monocytes in periodontitis. Material and Methods: The sample included 30 subjects with severe periodontitis and 27 control subjects without periodontal disease. The phagocytic index (PhI) was calculated as the mean number of adhered/ingested Saccharomyces cerevisiae per phagocytozing monocyte or neutrophil multiplied by the percentage of phagocytes involved in phagocytosis. Results: A significant reduction in phagocyte functions was observed in individuals with periodontitis. The median of PhI of neutrophils using nonsensitized S. cerevisiae was 3 for the control group, and 1.5 for the periodontitis group (p=0.01, Mann-Whitney test). The median of PhI of monocytes with non-sensitized S. cerevisiae was 26.13 for the control group, and 13.23 for the periodontitis group (p=0.03, Mann Whitney test). The median of PhI of monocytes assessed with sensitized S. cerevisiae was 97.92 for the control group and 60.1 for the periodontitis group (p=0.005, t-test). Conclusion: The data demonstrated a reduction in the function of phagocytes, suggesting a decrease in immune defenses in periodontitis.

OBJETIVO: Determinar a prevalência de excesso de peso e adiposidade abdominal em adultos residentes na zona urbana da cidade de Teresina-PI. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal com amostra probabilística por conglomerados. Foram avaliados 464 adultos, entre 20 e 59 anos, residentes na zona urbana do município de Teresina-PI. O estado nutricional foi classificado com base no Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC), e o acúmulo de gordura abdominal foi estimado pela medida da circunferência da cintura. O nível de significância foi estabelecido em 5% (p<0,05). RESULTADOS: As prevalências de sobrepeso e obesidade segundo IMC foram, respectivamente, de 30% e 7,7%. Houve aumento na proporção de sobrepeso e obesidade entre os homens com o aumento da renda familiar. Maiores proporções de obesidade abdominal foram encontradas entre os indivíduos na faixa etária de 50 a 59 anos, com relação conjugal estável e não fumantes. Não houve associação entre a renda individual ou familiar com a presença de obesidade abdominal na população. CONCLUSÃO: A prevalência de excesso de peso na população do estudo segue tendência nacional. As proporções de sobrepeso e de obesidade foram maiores entre os homens e aumentaram com a idade. Mulheres e indivíduos com união conjugal estável mostraram maior tendência à obesidade abdominal.

OBJECTIVE: To determine prevalence of overweight and abdominal fat in adult population in the urban area of Teresina-PI. METHODS: Cross-sectional study with probabilistic sample by conglomerates. The study evaluated 464 adults, 20 to 59 years of age living in the urban area of Teresina-PI. Nutritional status was classified by the body mass index (BMI) and abdominal fat accumulation was estimated according to waist circumference. The significance level was set at 5% (p<0.05). RESULTS: Prevalence of overweight and obesity according to nutritional status based on BMI was, respectively, 30.0% and 7.7%. There was an increase in the proportion of overweight and obesity among men with progressively higher family income. Highest rates of obesity were found among individuals 50 to 59 years of age with stable marriages and nonsmokers. No association was found between individual or family income and presence of abdominal fat in the population. CONCLUSION: Prevalence of overweight in the study population follows the Brazilian trend. Proportions of overweight and obesity were higher among men and increased with age. Women and married persons showed a greater tendency for abdominal obesity.

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the bone density gain and its relationship with the periodontal clinical parameters in a case series of a regenerative therapy procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using a split-mouth study design, 10 pairs of infrabony defects from 15 patients were treated with a pool of bovine bone morphogenetic proteins associated with collagen membrane (test sites) or collagen membrane only (control sites). The periodontal healing was clinically and radiographically monitored for six months. Standardized pre-surgical and 6-month postoperative radiographs were digitized for digital subtraction analysis, which showed relative bone density gain in both groups of 0.034 ± 0.423 and 0.105 ± 0.423 in the test and control group, respectively (p>0.05). RESULTS: As regards the area size of bone density change, the influence of the therapy was detected in 2.5 mm² in the test group and 2 mm² in the control group (p>0.05). Additionally, no correlation was observed between the favorable clinical results and the bone density gain measured by digital subtraction radiography (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study suggest that the clinical benefit of the regenerative therapy observed did not come with significant bone density gains. Long-term evaluation may lead to a different conclusions.

Os trabalhos realizados no Brasil a respeito das principais afecções bucais dos gerontes mostram situação preocupante. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a frequência de edentulismo, analisar o uso e a necessidade de prótese, calcular o índice CPOD e verificar a condição periodontal de idosas residentes no Distrito Federal. Cento e quarenta mulheres com idade igual ou superior a sessenta anos foram examinadas. A condição de cada prótese foi avaliada observando presença de prejuízo estético ou funcional. Em seguida, foi realizado exame clínico para detectar a presença de cárie, restaurações e dentes perdidos para cálculo do índice CPOD. O exame periodontal incluiu a verificação do índice de placa visível, índice de sangramento gengival, medidas de profundidade de sondagem clínica, perda de inserção clínica e mobilidade dental de todos os dentes presentes. Os resultados revelaram péssimas condições bucais dos pacientes examinados. A taxa de edentulismo mostrou-se elevada, o índice CPOD foi alto (29,8), com predomínio do componente extraído (87,1%) e a condição periodontal foi considerada grave. A partir destes dados, pode-se concluir que o perfil da condição bucal das idosas representadas neste estudo é precário, o que reflete a necessidade de se elaborar programas de promoção de saúde e de reabilitação para este segmento da população.

Data from Brazilian researches that evaluated oral health of elderly people show a worrisome situation. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of edentulism, analyze both the use and need profiles of prosthesis, calculate the DMFT index and check the condition of periodontal elderly residents in the Federal District. One hundred and forty women aged 60 years or above were examined. The condition of each prosthesis was evaluated to detect the presence of functional or aesthetic damage. Then, clinical examination was carried out to detect the number of decayed, missing or filled teeth in order to calculate the DMFT index. The periodontal examination included the index of visible plaque, bleeding index, measurement of clinical probing depth, measurement of clinical attachment level and teeth mobility. The results showed poor oral conditions of the patients. The rate of edentulism was high, the DMFT index was elevated (29.8) with a predominance of the extracted component (87.1%) and periodontal condition was considered severe. From these data we can conclude that the oral condition of elderly represented in this study is precarious and reflects the need for health promotion and rehabilitation programs for this segment of the population.

Os trabalhos realizados no Brasil a respeito das principais afecções bucais dos gerontes mostram situação preocupante. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a frequência de edentulismo, analisar o uso e a necessidade de prótese, calcular o índice CPOD e verificar a condição periodontal de idosas residentes no Distrito Federal. Cento e quarenta mulheres com idade igual ou superior a sessenta anos foram examinadas. A condição de cada prótese foi avaliada observando presença de prejuízo estético ou funcional. Em seguida, foi realizado exame clínico para detectar a presença de cárie, restaurações e dentes perdidos para cálculo do índice CPOD. O exame periodontal incluiu a verificação do índice de placa visível, índice de sangramento gengival, medidas de profundidade de sondagem clínica, perda de inserção clínica e mobilidade dental de todos os dentes presentes. Os resultados revelaram péssimas condições bucais dos pacientes examinados. A taxa de edentulismo mostrou-se elevada, o índice CPOD foi alto (29,8), com predomínio do componente extraído (87,1%) e a condição periodontal foi considerada grave. A partir destes dados, pode-se concluir que o perfil da condição bucal das idosas representadas neste estudo é precário, o que reflete a necessidade de se elaborar programas de promoção de saúde e de reabilitação para este segmento da população.

Data from Brazilian researches that evaluated oral health of elderly people show a worrisome situation. The purpose of this study was to estimate the frequency of edentulism, analyze both the use and need profiles of prosthesis, calculate the DMFT index and check the condition of periodontal elderly residents in the Federal District. One hundred and forty women aged 60 years or above were examined. The condition of each prosthesis was evaluated to detect the presence of functional or aesthetic damage. Then, clinical examination was carried out to detect the number of decayed, missing or filled teeth in order to calculate the DMFT index. The periodontal examination included the index of visible plaque, bleeding index, measurement of clinical probing depth, measurement of clinical attachment level and teeth mobility. The results showed poor oral conditions of the patients. The rate of edentulism was high, the DMFT index was elevated (29.8) with a predominance of the extracted component (87.1%) and periodontal condition was considered severe. From these data we can conclude that the oral condition of elderly represented in this study is precarious and reflects the need for health promotion and rehabilitation programs for this segment of the population.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to analyze the periodontal parameters of patients with chronic renal failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The periodontal status of 16 Brazilian patients aged 29 to 53 (41.7±7.2) years with chronic renal failure (CRF) and another matched group of 14 healthy controls with periodontitis was assessed clinically and microbiologically. Probing pocket depth (PPD), gingival recession (GR), dental plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), and dental calculus index (CI) were the clinical parameters recorded for the entire dentition (at least 19 teeth), while the anaerobic periodontopathogen colonization in four sites with the highest PPD was evaluated using the BANA test ("PerioScan"; Oral B). RESULTS: The results for the CRF group and control group, respectively were: PPD: 1.77±0.32 and 2.65±0.53; GR: 0.58±0.56 and 0.51±0.36; PLI: 1.64±0.56 and 1.24±0.67; GI: 0.64±0.42 and 0.93±0.50; CI: 1.17±0.54 and 0.87±0.52. Comparison between groups using the "t" test revealed a significantly increased PPD (p<0.001) in the control group. Comparison of the other clincial parameters by the Mann-Whitney test showed differences only for PLI, which was significantly higher (p<0.05) in the CRF group. Spearman's test applied to each group showed a positive correlation among all clinical parameters, except for GR (p<0.05). None of the groups showed any correlation between GR and GI, while a significant negative correlation between GR and PPD was observed for the CRF group. The percentage of BANA-positive sites was 35.9% for the CRF group and 35.7% for the control group. The BANA test correlated positively with PPD only in the control group and with GR only in the CRF group. CONCLUSIONS: In spite of a higher PLI and dense anaerobic microbial population even in shallow PPD, patients with CRF exhibited better periodontal conditions than periodontitis patients, which is an evidence of altered response to local irritants.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of alveolar bone loss (BL) in healthy children treated at private pediatric dentistry clinics in Brasília, Brazil. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research included 7,436 sites present in 885 radiographs from 450 children. The BL prevalence was estimated by measuring the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to alveolar bone crest (ABC). Data were divided in groups: (I) No BL: distance from CEJ to ABC is <2 mm; (II) questionable BL (QBL): distance from CEJ to ABC is >2 and <3 mm; (III) definite BL (DBL): distance from CEJ to ABC >3 mm. Data were treated by the chi-square nonparametric test and Fisher's exact test (p<0.05). RESULTS: Among males, 89.31% were classified in group I, 9.82% were classified in group II and 0.85% in group III. Among females, 93.05%, 6.48% and 0.46% patients were classified in Group I, II and III, respectively. The differences between genders were not statistically significant (Chi-square test, p = 0.375). Group composition according to patients' age showed that 91.11% of individuals were classified as group I, 8.22% in group II and 0.67% in group III. The differences among the age ranges were not statistically significant (Chi-square test, p = 0.418). The mesial and distal sites showed a higher prevalence of BL in the jaw, QBL (89.80%) and DBL (79.40%), and no significant difference was observed in the distribution of QBL (Fisher's exact test p = 0.311) and DBL (Fisher's exact test p = 0.672) in the dental arches. The distal sites exhibited higher prevalence of both QBL (77.56%) and DBL (58.82%). CONCLUSIONS: The periodontal status of children should never be underestimated because BL occurs even in healthy populations, although in a lower frequency.

OBJETIVOS:Investigar a prevalência e severidade da cárie dentária em crianças de 12 anos em Goiânia no período 1988-2003. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os dados de todos os levantamentos epidemiológicos realizados em escolares de 12 anos de escolas públicas do município em 1988, 1994, 1998 e 2003, obtidos a partir de fontes secundárias. Goiânia possui água fuoretada desde 1985. As variáveis incluídas na análise foram a prevalência de indivíduos livres de cárie (CPOD=0) e a severidade da cárie através do Índice CPOD. RESULTADOS:O percentual de escolares livres de cárie teve um aumento de 21% de 1994 (10%) a 2003 (31%). Houve uma redução de 70,6% na média do índice CPOD de 1988 a 2003. As médias foram 8,3 em 1989, 4,59 em 1994, 3,07 em 1998 e 2,43 em 2003. Em todos os levantamentos os principais componentes foram os cariados (predomínio em 1988 e 2003) e os obturados (predomínio em 1994 e 1998). No período de 1988 a 2003 houve redução de 81,9% na média do componente cariado, 66,7% do perdido por cárie e 31,8% do obturado. CONCLUSÃO:Houve queda acentuada na prevalência e severidade da cárie dentária em escolares de 12 anos da rede pública em Goiânia no período 1988-2003, seguindo a tendência nacional.

OBJECTIVE:to investigate the trends in the prevalence and severity of dental caries in 12-year-old schoolchildren between 1988 and 2003. METHODS:The study included secondary data of all epidemiological surveys carried out in 12-year-old children attending public schools in Goiânia, Brazil in 1988, 1994, 1998, and 2003. The city has had fluoridated water since 1985. Variables analyzed were prevalence of caries-free individuals (DMFT=0) and caries severity using the DMFT index. RESULTS:Percentage of caries-free schoolchildren increased 21% from 1994 to 2003. Mean DMFT index decreased 70% from 1988 to 2003. Mean values were 8.3 in 1989, 4.59 in 1994, 3.07 in 1998, and 2.43 in 2003. In all surveys the main components were decayed (in 1988 and 2003) and filled teeth (in 1994 and 1998). Between 1988 and 2003 there was a 81.9% reduction in the mean number of decayed teeth, 66.7% in the missing teeth due to caries, and 31.8% in the filled teeth. CONCLUSION:There was a substantial decline in the prevalence and severity of dental caries in 12-year-old schoolchildren from public schools in Goiânia from 1988 to 2003, following the national trend.

OBJETIVOS:Investigar a prevalência e severidade da cárie dentária em crianças de 12 anos em Goiânia no período 1988-2003. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados os dados de todos os levantamentos epidemiológicos realizados em escolares de 12 anos de escolas públicas do município em 1988, 1994, 1998 e 2003, obtidos a partir de fontes secundárias. Goiânia possui água fuoretada desde 1985. As variáveis incluídas na análise foram a prevalência de indivíduos livres de cárie (CPOD=0) e a severidade da cárie através do Índice CPOD. RESULTADOS:O percentual de escolares livres de cárie teve um aumento de 21% de 1994 (10%) a 2003 (31%). Houve uma redução de 70,6% na média do índice CPOD de 1988 a 2003. As médias foram 8,3 em 1989, 4,59 em 1994, 3,07 em 1998 e 2,43 em 2003. Em todos os levantamentos os principais componentes foram os cariados (predomínio em 1988 e 2003) e os obturados (predomínio em 1994 e 1998). No período de 1988 a 2003 houve redução de 81,9% na média do componente cariado, 66,7% do perdido por cárie e 31,8% do obturado. CONCLUSÃO:Houve queda acentuada na prevalência e severidade da cárie dentária em escolares de 12 anos da rede pública em Goiânia no período 1988-2003, seguindo a tendência nacional.

OBJECTIVE:to investigate the trends in the prevalence and severity of dental caries in 12-year-old schoolchildren between 1988 and 2003. METHODS:The study included secondary data of all epidemiological surveys carried out in 12-year-old children attending public schools in Goiânia, Brazil in 1988, 1994, 1998, and 2003. The city has had fluoridated water since 1985. Variables analyzed were prevalence of caries-free individuals (DMFT=0) and caries severity using the DMFT index. RESULTS:Percentage of caries-free schoolchildren increased 21% from 1994 to 2003. Mean DMFT index decreased 70% from 1988 to 2003. Mean values were 8.3 in 1989, 4.59 in 1994, 3.07 in 1998, and 2.43 in 2003. In all surveys the main components were decayed (in 1988 and 2003) and filled teeth (in 1994 and 1998). Between 1988 and 2003 there was a 81.9% reduction in the mean number of decayed teeth, 66.7% in the missing teeth due to caries, and 31.8% in the filled teeth. CONCLUSION:There was a substantial decline in the prevalence and severity of dental caries in 12-year-old schoolchildren from public schools in Goiânia from 1988 to 2003, following the national trend.

Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a aplicação do ''pool'' de BMPs bovinas no tratamento de defeitos intra-ósseos. A amostra constou de quinze indivíduos com idade entre 26 e 57 anos, apresentando um par de defeitos intra-ósseos comparáveis, localizados no mesmo arco em dentes do mesmo tipo (pré-molares ou molares) e com perda de inserção (PI) ³5mm. Em cada indivíduo, o defeito teste foi tratado com a associação ''pool'' de BMPs- carreador Hidroxiapatita reabsorvível (BMPs-HA), matriz orgânica bovina desmineralizada liofilizada (MO) e barreira de colágeno bovino, enquanto os defeitos controle foram tratados com MO-HA e barreira de colágeno. Na avaliação clínica aos seis meses após a medida inicial, o grupo teste apresentou variação de profundidade de sondagem (PS) de -1,63mm ± 1,141 na vestibular (V) e -1,93mm ± 0,961 na lingual (L) e variação do nível de inserção (NI) de -1,60mm ± 1,168 na V e -1,46mm ± 0,972 na L. O grupo controle apresentou variação de PS de -1,93mm ± 1,347 (V) e -2,0mm ± 1,511 (L) e variação de NI de -1,03mm ± 1,245 (V) e -1,30mm ± 1,114 (L). A análise de variância indicou que a variação de PS e NI foi significativa em ambos os grupos (p<0,05). Entretanto, de acordo com o teste t não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos quanto à variação PS e NI (p<0,05). Em conclusão, a aplicação do ''pool'' de BMPs não oferece benefícios adicionais ao tratamento de defeitos intra-ósseos.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the pool of bovine BMPs on the treatment of intrabony defects. The sample comprised 15 patients aged 26 to 57 years old presenting with 10 pairs of lesions of 2 or 3 walls or 2-3 walls ³5mm, located in the same type teeth (premolar or molar) and same jaw. The test defects were treated with combination of a pool of bovine bone morphogenetic and resorbable hydroxyapatite carrier (BMPs- HA), bovine demineralized bone matrix (MB) and coverage by a bovine collagen barrier membrane. The control defects were treated with MB-HA and covered by a bovine collagen membrane. The clinical measurements at six months after therapy in the test group revealed a reduction in the mean probing pocket depth (PPD) of 1.63 ± 1.41mm (B) and 1.93 ± 0.96mm (L) and a mean change in the clinical attachment level (CAL) of 1.60 ± 1.16mm (B) and 1.46 ± 0.97mm (L). The control group showed a mean reduction of PPD of 1.93 ± 1.34mm (B) and 2.0 ± 1.51mm (L) and a mean change of CAL of 1.03 ± 1.24mm (B) and 1.30 ± 1.14 mm (L). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) demonstrated that the changes in the clinical parameters were statistically significant (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the test and controls subjects (Student's test, p<0.005). These findings suggest that the use of a pool of bovine BMPs do not provide added effects to GTR in the treatment of intrabony defects.