ABSTRACT Introduction: The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of severe and moderate primary graft dysfunction (PGD) in our center, to identify, retrospectively, donors’ and recipients’ risk factors for PGD development, and to evaluate the impact of PGD within 30 days after heart transplantation. Methods: Donors’ and recipients’ medical records of 64 consecutive adult cardiac transplantations performed between January 2016 and June 2017 were reviewed. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) criteria were used to diagnose moderate and severe PGD. Associations of risk factors for combined moderate/severe PGD were assessed with appropriate statistical analyses. Results: Sixty-four patients underwent heart transplantation in this period. Twelve recipients (18.7%) developed severe or moderate PGD. Development of PGD was associated with previous donor cardiopulmonary resuscitation and a history of prior heart surgery in the recipient (P=0.01 and P=0.02, respectively). The 30-day in hospital mortality was similar in both PGD and non-PGD patients. Conclusion: The use of the ISHLT criteria for PGD is important to identify potential risk factor. The development of PGD did not affect short-term survival in our study. More studies should be done to better understand the pathophysiology of PGD.

ABSTRACT Introduction: The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of severe and moderate primary graft dysfunction (PGD) in our center, to identify, retrospectively, donors’ and recipients’ risk factors for PGD development, and to evaluate the impact of PGD within 30 days after heart transplantation. Methods: Donors’ and recipients’ medical records of 64 consecutive adult cardiac transplantations performed between January 2016 and June 2017 were reviewed. The International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT) criteria were used to diagnose moderate and severe PGD. Associations of risk factors for combined moderate/severe PGD were assessed with appropriate statistical analyses. Results: Sixty-four patients underwent heart transplantation in this period. Twelve recipients (18.7%) developed severe or moderate PGD. Development of PGD was associated with previous donor cardiopulmonary resuscitation and a history of prior heart surgery in the recipient (P=0.01 and P=0.02, respectively). The 30-day in hospital mortality was similar in both PGD and non-PGD patients. Conclusion: The use of the ISHLT criteria for PGD is important to identify potential risk factor. The development of PGD did not affect short-term survival in our study. More studies should be done to better understand the pathophysiology of PGD.

ABSTRACT The immediate need for the increase in wheat production to meet the future world demand, associated with the occurrence of drastic climatic events, such as drought, makes it necessary to develop drought-resilient genotypes. The aims of this work were to evaluate the use of drought-tolerance indices for the selection of wheat genotypes, to compare the genetic gains in grain yield using different selection strategies by means of a multi-trait index, and to select superior drought-tolerant wheat genotypes. The total of 31 tropical wheat lines was evaluated in two experiments. Five agronomic traits were accessed. The grain yield data from the stress and nonstress experiments were used to obtain five drought-tolerance indices. The data were subjected to mixed model analysis, and four selection scenarios were designed. There was a significant effect of genotype for all traits. The inclusion of drought-tolerance indices in the selection index provided superior genetic gains in drought condition. Seven lines were selected due the high frequency of favorable alleles for drought-tolerance and other important agronomic traits. Drought-tolerance indices are appropriate for characterizing the response of wheat genotypes to drought-stress. The inclusion of drought-tolerance indices along with agronomic traits in multi-trait selection strategies provides for superior gains in grain yield compared to the non-inclusion of the indices.