Abstract Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with peripheral neuropathy (ATTRv-PN) is an autosomal dominant inherited sensorimotor and autonomic polyneuropathy with over 130 pathogenic variants identified in the TTR gene. Hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with peripheral neuropathy is a disabling, progressive and life-threatening genetic condition that leads to death in ~ 10 years if untreated. The prospects for ATTRv-PN have changed in the last decades, as it has become a treatable neuropathy. In addition to liver transplantation, initiated in 1990, there are now at least 3 drugs approved in many countries, including Brazil, and many more are being developed. The first Brazilian consensus on ATTRv-PN was held in the city of Fortaleza, Brazil, in June 2017. Given the new advances in the area over the last 5 years, the Peripheral Neuropathy Scientific Department of the Brazilian Academy of Neurology organized a second edition of the consensus. Each panelist was responsible for reviewing the literature and updating a section of the previous paper. Thereafter, the 18 panelists got together virtually after careful review of the draft, discussed each section of the text, and reached a consensus for the final version of the manuscript.

Resumo Polineuropatia amiloidótica familiar associada a transtirretina (ATTRv-PN) é uma polineuropatia sensitivo-motora e autonômica hereditária autossômica dominante com mais de 130 variantes patogênicas já identificadas no gene TTR. A ATTRv-PN é uma condição genética debilitante, progressiva e que ameaça a vida, levando à morte em ~ 10 anos se não for tratada. Nas últimas décadas, a ATTRv-PN se tornou uma neuropatia tratável. Além do transplante de fígado, iniciado em 1990, temos agora 3 medicamentos modificadores de doença aprovados em muitos países, incluindo o Brasil, e muitas outras medicações estão em desenvolvimento. O primeiro consenso brasileiro em ATTRv-PN foi realizado em Fortaleza em junho de 2017. Devido aos novos avanços nesta área nos últimos 5 anos, o Departamento Científico de Neuropatias Periféricas da Academia Brasileira de Neurologia organizou uma segunda edição do consenso. Cada panelista ficou responsável por rever a literatura e atualizar uma parte do manuscrito. Finalmente, os 18 panelistas se reuniram virtualmente após revisão da primeira versão, discutiram cada parte do artigo e chegaram a um consenso sobre a versão final do manuscrito.

ABSTRACT Objective: Intrauterine environment can induce fetal metabolic programming that predisposes to adiposity-related chronic diseases in its lifespan. We examined the associations of parental nutritional status and gestational weight gain with offspring body composition in early adulthood. Materials and methods: This is cross-sectional analysis of female participants of the NutriHS who were submitted to questionnaires, clinical examinations and body composition assessed by DXA. Association of pre-conception parental BMI and maternal gestational weight gain (exposures) with body composition measurements (outcomes) were analyzed using multiple linear models adjusted for Directed Acyclic Graphs-based covariables (maternal and paternal educational level, maternal age, and tobacco, alcohol and/or drugs use). The sample included 124 women (median 28 (24-31) years) with a mean BMI of 25.4 ± 4.7 kg/m2. Results: No association between previous paternal BMI and offspring’s body composition was detected. In the fully adjusted linear regression model, maternal BMI was associated with offspring’s total lean mass (β = 0.66, p = 0.001), appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMI) (β = 0.11, p = 0.003) and fat mass index (FMI) (β = 0.03, p = 0.039). Gestational weight gain was associated with increased offspring’s BMI (OR 1.12 [95% CI 1.02-1.20], p = 0.01). The linear regression model adjusted for maternal age and maternal and paternal education levels showed associations of gestational weight gain with offspring’s ASMI (β = 0.42, p = 0.046), FMI (β = 0.22, p = 0.005) and android-to-gynoid fat ratio (β = 0.09, p = 0.035). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that preconception maternal BMI could influence lean mass and general adiposity of young adult female offspring and that gestational weight gain could be useful for predicting centrally distributed adiposity.

Abstract Background: The increase in the zoonotic epidemic of sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis, which started in the late 1990s in Rio de Janeiro and is now found in almost all Brazilian states, has been equally advancing in neighboring countries of Brazil. Changes in the clinical-epidemiological profile, advances in the laboratory diagnosis of the disease, and therapeutic difficulties have been observed throughout these almost 25 years of the epidemic, although there is no national consensus. The last international guideline dates from 2007. Objectives: Update the clinical classification, diagnostic methods and recommendations on the therapeutic management of patients with sporotrichosis. Methods: Twelve experts in human sporotrichosis were selected from different Brazilian regions, and divided into three work groups: clinical, diagnosis and treatment. The bibliographic research was carried out on the EBSCOHost platform. Meetings took place via electronic mail and remote/face-to-face and hybrid settings, resulting in a questionnaire which pointed out 13 divergences, resolved based on the opinion of the majority of the participants. Results: The clinical classification and laboratory diagnosis were updated. Therapeutic recommendations were made for the different clinical forms. Conclusions: Publication of the first national recommendation, carried out by the Brazilian Society of Dermatology, aimed at the Brazilian scientific community, especially dermatologists, infectologists, pediatricians, family medicine personnel, and laboratory professionals who work in the management of human sporotrichosis.

Resumen Introducción: El trauma es la segunda causa de mortalidad y la sexta de hospitalización en el país, siendo la violencia, los accidentes y las caídas las más prevalentes. Sin embargo, el país está experimentando reflejos de una pandemia de COVID-19, junto a una falta de estudios sobre el trauma, así como sobre la atención clínica. Objetivo: Analizar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas del trauma junto a la violencia, accidentes y caídas entre los años 2019, 2020 y 2021, considerados antes y durante la pandemia COVID-19. Materiales y métodos: Estudio de cohorte retrospectivo, con adultos de 25 a 55 años, que sufrieron trauma relacionado con violencia, caídas y otros accidentes, en el período comprendido entre marzo y junio de 2019, 2020 y 2021, en la ciudad de São Paulo. Las encuestas de datos fueron realizadas por el sistema TABNET, por el Departamento Municipal de Salud. Dentro de este sistema, la búsqueda se realizó a través del Sistema de Información para la Vigilancia de Accidentes, de la Coordinación de Vigilancia en Salud, en el cual las situaciones de violencia fueron notificadas y registradas por el Sistema Nacional de Información de Enfermedades Notificables. Posteriormente, se accedió al Sistema de Información de Vigilancia de Violencia y Accidentes, con enfoque en notificaciones y registro de caídas y otros accidentes. Resultados: El trauma siguió siendo más prevalente para los hombres, con educación primaria completa y raza predominantemente entre blancos y morenos. Al analizar los diferentes tipos de violencia: física, tortura y sexual, hubo mayores porcentajes de prevalencia durante el año 2019, período prepandémico de COVID-19, a excepción de la violencia psicológica / moral, que fue mayor en 2021. Nótese que los diferentes mecanismos de violencia fueron significativamente más prevalentes en 2019, así como las diferentes causas de violencia, caídas y traumatismos automovilísticos que involucran a peatones, ocupantes, conductores y pasajeros. La atención ambulatoria confirmó la tendencia de superioridad en el período prepandémico, sin embargo, la atención hospitalaria de emergencia mostró un mayor número de solicitudes en 2020 y 2021. Conclusión: Los traumas de violencia, accidentes y caídas son más prepandémico en comparación con el período durante la pandemia COVID-19; así como la búsqueda de asistencia sanitaria en hospitales y clínicas. Estos hallazgos muestran una posible reducción en los informes de trauma y una menor demanda de asistencia durante la pandemia.

Abstract Introduction: Trauma is the second leading cause of mortality and the sixth leading cause of hospitalization in the country, with violence, accidents, and falls being the most prevalent. However, the country is experiencing reflexes of the COVID-19 pandemic, together with a lack of studies on trauma, as well as on clinical care. Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of trauma related to violence, accidents, and falls among the years 2019, 2020, and 2021, considered as before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods: Retrospective cohort study, with adults aged 25-55 years, who suffered trauma related to violence, falls, and other accidents, in the period between March and June of 2019, 2020, and 2021, in the city of São Paulo. Data surveys were carried out using the TABNET system, of the Municipal Health Department. Within this system, the search was carried out through the Information System for the Surveillance of Accidents, of the Coordination of Health Surveillance, in which situations of violence were notified and recorded by the National Information System for Notifiable Diseases. Subsequently, the Information System for Surveillance of Violence and Accidents was accessed, focusing on notifications and records of falls and other accidents. Results: Trauma remained more prevalent for males, with complete primary education, and ethnicity predominantly between white or brown. When analyzing the different types of violence: physical, torture, and sexual, there was a prevalence of higher percentages during the year 2019, the pre-pandemic period of COVID-19, except for psychological/moral violence, which was higher in 2021. It should also be noted that the different mechanisms of violence were significantly more prevalent in 2019, as well as the different causes of violence, falls, and car trauma involving pedestrians, occupants, drivers, and passengers. Outpatient care confirmed the higher trend in the pre-pandemic period; however, emergency hospital care showed a greater number of requests in 2020 and 2021. Conclusión: Trauma from violence, accidents, and falls was higher pre-pandemic compared to the period during the COVID-19 pandemic; as well as the search for health care in hospitals and outpatient clinics. These findings show a possible reduction in trauma reports and lower demand for assistance during the pandemic.

RESUMO Objetivo: identificar, descrever e avaliar a eficácia de Programas de Estimulação Cognitiva, aplicados e/ou supervisionados por enfermeiros, para idosos com e sem síndromes demenciais em qualquer cenário de cuidado. Método: revisão integrativa com coleta nas bases PubMed, Scopus, Bdenf, Scielo, Web of Science, Cinahl e BVS, em maio de 2020 a novembro de 2021, cujos principais descritores foram: “cognitive stimulation program”, “nursing” e “older”. Resultados: nos seis estudos selecionados, identificou-se falta de padronização na utilização de instrumentos pré e pós implementação. As técnicas foram: orientação para a realidade, terapia por reminiscência e de validação. Comprovou-se, por meio de escalas validadas, a eficácia do programa. Dois estudos demonstraram aplicações dos programas e quatro foram sobre supervisão/orientação para cuidadores. Não foram encontrados estudos brasileiros. Conclusões: programas de Estimulação Cognitiva são eficazes, pois reduzem sintomas comportamentais e psicológicos da demência. Destaca-se a necessidade de mais estudos clínicos conduzidos por enfermeiros.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify, describe and evaluate the effectiveness of Cognitive Stimulation Programs, applied and/or supervised by nurses, for older adults with and without dementia syndromes in any care setting. Method: integrative review with collection in PubMed, Scopus, Bdenf, Scielo, Web of Science, Cinahl and BVS, from May 2020 to November 2021, whose main descriptors were: “cognitive stimulation program”, “nursing” and “older”. Results: in the six selected studies, a lack of standardization was identified in the use of pre- and post-implementation instruments. The techniques were: reality orientation, reminiscence therapy and validation. The effectiveness of the program was proven by validated scales. Two studies demonstrated program applications and four were about supervision/guidance for caregivers. No Brazilian studies were found. Conclusions: Cognitive Stimulation programs are effective in reducing behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. The need for more clinical studies conducted by nurses is highlighted.

RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar, describir y evaluar la eficacia de los programas de estimulación cognitiva, aplicados y/o supervisados por personal de enfermería, para personas mayores con y sin síndromes de demencia en cualquier ámbito asistencial. Método: revisión integradora con recogida en PubMed, Scopus, Bdenf, Scielo, Web of Science, Cinahl y BVS, desde mayo de 2020 hasta noviembre de 2021, cuyos descriptores principales fueron: “cognitive stimulation program”, “nursing” y “older”. Resultados: en los seis estudios seleccionados, se identificó una falta de estandarización en el uso de los instrumentos previos y posteriores a la aplicación. Las técnicas fueron: orientación a la realidad, terapia de reminiscencia y validación. La eficacia del programa se comprobó mediante escalas validadas. Dos estudios mostraban la aplicación de los programas y cuatro trataban sobre la supervisión/orientación de los cuidadores. No se encontraron estudios brasileños. Conclusiones: los programas de estimulación cognitiva son eficaces para reducir los síntomas conductuales y psicológicos de la demencia. Se destaca la necesidad de más estudios clínicos realizados por enfermeras.

ABSTRACT Purpose To develop a model of induction of type-2 diabetes (DM2) by combining low doses of streptozotocin (STZ) and a cafeteria diet. Methods Forty male Wistar rats (200 g) were allocated into four groups: control (non-diabetic, n = 10); STZ 30 mg/kg (diabetic, n = 10); STZ 35 mg/kg (diabetic,n = 10); and STZ 40 mg/kg (diabetic, n = 10). DM2 was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ after four weeks of cafeteria diet in the three diabetic groups. All animals were evaluated as for anthropometric, and biochemical analyses, as well as liver, kidney and pancreas histological analyses. Results Lower weight gain, higher water intake, higher Lee index, hyperglycemia and modified total protein, urea, alpha-amylase, as well as insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, pancreas, and kidney injury were observed in animals treated with 35 and 40 mg/kg of STZ. Conclusions The results show that the experimental model using cafeteria diet associated with 35 mg/kg of STZ is a low-cost model and efficient in order to develop DM2, confirmed by the presence of polydipsia, hyperglycemia, altered biochemical tests, insulin resistance and damages to the liver, pancreas and kidney, which is similar to the disease found in humans.

RESUMO Objetivo: construir um mapeamento teórico, de campo e de análise da área da Educação em Enfermagem, no contexto das políticas públicas de educação, no Brasil. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem mista de investigação, tendo como instrumental teórico-analítico os estudos sobre a construção de mapas (teórico, de campo e analítico) que permitiram a verificação da distribuição, desequilíbrios, tendências e contradições do fenômeno estudado. Resultados: a expansão desordenada de vagas na área da Enfermagem vem ocorrendo de forma desorganizada, assimétrica e direcionada ao distanciamento do Estado no atendimento ao setor educacional, assim como a consequente privatização do ensino, além da reafirmação do desequilíbrio social das regiões de menor poder econômico. Considerações finais: o estudo possibilitou contribuições tecnológicas, científicas e acadêmicas, e evidenciou que políticas públicas direcionaram intensa e desordenada expansão de cursos/vagas, indicando a necessidade do estabelecimento de estratégias que possam promover ações para o fortalecimento da qualidade da educação em Enfermagem.

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct a theoretical, field and analysis mapping of nursing education in the context of public education policies in Brazil. Method: a descriptive study with a mixed approach of investigation, having as theoretical-analytical instruments the studies on maps construction (theoretical, field and analytical), which allowed the distribution, imbalances, tendencies and contradictions verification of the phenomenon studied. Results: the disordered expansion of vacancies in nursing has been occurring in a disorganized, asymmetric way and directed to the distancing of the State in the assistance to the educational sector, as well as the consequent privatization of education and reaffirmation of social imbalance of regions with the lowest economic power. Final considerations: the study made technological, scientific and academic contributions possible and showed that public policies directed intense and disorderly expansion of courses/vacancies, indicating the need to establish strategies that can promote actions to strengthen the quality of nursing education.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir un mapeo teórico, de campo y de análisis del área de la Educación en Enfermería, en el contexto de las políticas públicas de educación, en Brasil. Método: el estudio descriptivo con enfoque mixto de investigación, teniendo como referencial teórico-analítico los estudios sobre la construcción de mapas (teórico, de campo y analítico) que permitieron la verificación de la distribución, desequilibrios, tendencias y contradicciones del fenómeno estudiado. Resultados: la expansión desordenada de vacantes en el área de enfermería viene ocurriendo de forma desorganizada, asimétrica y dirigida al distanciamiento del Estado en la atención al sector educativo, así como la consiguiente privatización de la enseñanza, además de la reafirmación del desequilibrio social de las regiones de menor poder económico. Consideraciones finales: o el estudio posibilitó contribuciones tecnológicas, científicas y académicas, y evidenció que políticas públicas dirigieron intensa y desordenada expansión de cursos/vacantes, indicando la necesidad del establecimiento de estrategias que puedan promover acciones para el fortalecimiento de la calidad de la educación en Enfermería.

ABSTRACT Objective: to construct a theoretical, field and analysis mapping of nursing education in the context of public education policies in Brazil. Method: a descriptive study with a mixed approach of investigation, having as theoretical-analytical instruments the studies on maps construction (theoretical, field and analytical), which allowed the distribution, imbalances, tendencies and contradictions verification of the phenomenon studied. Results: the disordered expansion of vacancies in nursing has been occurring in a disorganized, asymmetric way and directed to the distancing of the State in the assistance to the educational sector, as well as the consequent privatization of education and reaffirmation of social imbalance of regions with the lowest economic power. Final considerations: the study made technological, scientific and academic contributions possible and showed that public policies directed intense and disorderly expansion of courses/vacancies, indicating the need to establish strategies that can promote actions to strengthen the quality of nursing education.

RESUMEN Objetivo: construir un mapeo teórico, de campo y de análisis del área de la Educación en Enfermería, en el contexto de las políticas públicas de educación, en Brasil. Método: el estudio descriptivo con enfoque mixto de investigación, teniendo como referencial teórico-analítico los estudios sobre la construcción de mapas (teórico, de campo y analítico) que permitieron la verificación de la distribución, desequilibrios, tendencias y contradicciones del fenómeno estudiado. Resultados: la expansión desordenada de vacantes en el área de enfermería viene ocurriendo de forma desorganizada, asimétrica y dirigida al distanciamiento del Estado en la atención al sector educativo, así como la consiguiente privatización de la enseñanza, además de la reafirmación del desequilibrio social de las regiones de menor poder económico. Consideraciones finales: o el estudio posibilitó contribuciones tecnológicas, científicas y académicas, y evidenció que políticas públicas dirigieron intensa y desordenada expansión de cursos/vacantes, indicando la necesidad del establecimiento de estrategias que puedan promover acciones para el fortalecimiento de la calidad de la educación en Enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo: construir um mapeamento teórico, de campo e de análise da área da Educação em Enfermagem, no contexto das políticas públicas de educação, no Brasil. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem mista de investigação, tendo como instrumental teórico-analítico os estudos sobre a construção de mapas (teórico, de campo e analítico) que permitiram a verificação da distribuição, desequilíbrios, tendências e contradições do fenômeno estudado. Resultados: a expansão desordenada de vagas na área da Enfermagem vem ocorrendo de forma desorganizada, assimétrica e direcionada ao distanciamento do Estado no atendimento ao setor educacional, assim como a consequente privatização do ensino, além da reafirmação do desequilíbrio social das regiões de menor poder econômico. Considerações finais: o estudo possibilitou contribuições tecnológicas, científicas e acadêmicas, e evidenciou que políticas públicas direcionaram intensa e desordenada expansão de cursos/vagas, indicando a necessidade do estabelecimento de estratégias que possam promover ações para o fortalecimento da qualidade da educação em Enfermagem.

Resumo O artigo analisa como a relação entre gestores públicos de saúde e prestadores do sistema privado complementar influencia a organização da oferta e demanda de ações e serviços de média complexidade (ASMC) em uma região de saúde formada por municípios pequenos. Trata-se de estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa realizado entre dezembro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017. Os resultados apontam que a influência da relação entre gestores e prestadores na oferta e demanda de ASMC está relacionada a características envolvidas em três categorias principais: a assistência médica especializada, a contratualização dos serviços e a gestão do sistema. Dentre as características das categorias mencionadas destacam-se a “reserva de mercado” por um grupo fechado de profissionais médicos e prestadores, contratos executados à revelia das normas do sistema e o fato de os profissionais médicos da rede pública serem os próprios prestadores privados das ASMC na região. A influência da relação público-privado na organização da oferta e demanda prioriza recursos municipais para as ASMC e demonstra a fragilidade do processo de regionalização e do papel do ente estadual. Neste contexto, a atenção básica revela-se como política preterida à administração pública.

Abstract This study analyzes how the relation between public health managers of small municipalities (SMs) and providers of the supplementary private system influences the organization of supply and demand of medium complexity actions and services (ASMC) in a health region formed by small municipalities. This is a qualitative case study conducted from December 2016 to February 2017. The results show that the influence of the relation between managers and providers in the supply and demand of ASMC is related to characteristics involved in three main categories: specialized medical care, contracting of services, and system management. Among the characteristics of the categories mentioned are the “market reserve” by a closed group of medical professionals and providers; contracts executed according to the system rules; and the fact that public health medical professionals are the private providers of ASMC in the region themselves; among others. The influence of the relation between public and private on the organization of supply and demand prioritizes municipal resources for ASMC and demonstrates the fragility of the health region planning process and the role of the government. In this context, primary health care is revealed as a policy neglected by public administration

Resumo O artigo analisa como a relação entre gestores públicos de saúde e prestadores do sistema privado complementar influencia a organização da oferta e demanda de ações e serviços de média complexidade (ASMC) em uma região de saúde formada por municípios pequenos. Trata-se de estudo de caso de natureza qualitativa realizado entre dezembro de 2016 e fevereiro de 2017. Os resultados apontam que a influência da relação entre gestores e prestadores na oferta e demanda de ASMC está relacionada a características envolvidas em três categorias principais: a assistência médica especializada, a contratualização dos serviços e a gestão do sistema. Dentre as características das categorias mencionadas destacam-se a “reserva de mercado” por um grupo fechado de profissionais médicos e prestadores, contratos executados à revelia das normas do sistema e o fato de os profissionais médicos da rede pública serem os próprios prestadores privados das ASMC na região. A influência da relação público-privado na organização da oferta e demanda prioriza recursos municipais para as ASMC e demonstra a fragilidade do processo de regionalização e do papel do ente estadual. Neste contexto, a atenção básica revela-se como política preterida à administração pública.

Abstract This study analyzes how the relation between public health managers of small municipalities (SMs) and providers of the supplementary private system influences the organization of supply and demand of medium complexity actions and services (ASMC) in a health region formed by small municipalities. This is a qualitative case study conducted from December 2016 to February 2017. The results show that the influence of the relation between managers and providers in the supply and demand of ASMC is related to characteristics involved in three main categories: specialized medical care, contracting of services, and system management. Among the characteristics of the categories mentioned are the “market reserve” by a closed group of medical professionals and providers; contracts executed according to the system rules; and the fact that public health medical professionals are the private providers of ASMC in the region themselves; among others. The influence of the relation between public and private on the organization of supply and demand prioritizes municipal resources for ASMC and demonstrates the fragility of the health region planning process and the role of the government. In this context, primary health care is revealed as a policy neglected by public administration

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: This study identified and summarized all Cochrane systematic reviews (SRs) on the effects of ten integrative practices that were recently added to the Brazilian public healthcare system (SUS). DESIGN AND SETTING: Review of systematic reviews, conducted in the Discipline of Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). METHODS: Review of Cochrane SRs on the following interventions were identified, summarized and critically assessed: apitherapy, aromatherapy, bioenergetics, family constellation, flower therapy, chromotherapy, geotherapy, hypnotherapy, hand imposition or ozone therapy. RESULTS: We included a total of 16 SRs: 4 on apitherapy, 4 on aromatherapy, 6 on hypnotherapy and 2 on ozone therapy. No Cochrane SR was found regarding bioenergetics, family constellation, chromotherapy, clay therapy, flower therapy or hand imposition. The only high-quality evidence was in relation to the potential benefit of apitherapy, specifically regarding some benefits from honey dressings for partial healing of burn wounds, for reduction of coughing among children with acute coughs and for preventing allergic reactions to insect stings. CONCLUSION: Except for some specific uses of apitherapy (honey for burn wounds and for acute coughs and bee venom for allergic reactions to insect stings), the use of ten integrative practices that have recently been incorporated into SUS does not seem to be supported by evidence from Cochrane SRs.

RESUMO Objetivos: Verificar a prevalência da baixa visual numa fração dos estudantes matriculados na rede pública municipal de Caratinga, Minas Gerais, bem como mostrar a importância da realização de ações precoces no cuidado com a acuidade visual (AV) em crianças de até 7 anos de idade. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado em alunos, com idade entre 4 e 7 anos, matriculados no primeiro e segundo ano do Ensino Fundamental da Escola Municipal Geraldo Marques Cevidanes, do município de Caratinga, Minas Gerais. A AV foi avaliada com base na aplicação do Teste de Snellen e considerada normal quando superior a 0,7. Os alunos que apresentaram dificuldade no exame igual ou inferior a 0,7 foram encaminhados a consultas oftalmológicas. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 118 crianças. Quanto à AV, 5% da amostra apresentou alteração da AV, sendo 16,6% com alteração visual apenas no olho esquerdo; 33,3%, somente no olho direito; e 50%, bilateral. Necessitaram da prescrição de órteses 66,6% dos estudantes com baixa visual. Conclusão: Este estudo vai ao encontro de pesquisas nacionais no que tange à prevalência de baixa AV, entretanto discorda de trabalhos que encontraram prevalências destoantes. Sugere-se o desenvolvimento de projetos em saúde preventiva que abranjam a idade escolar não apenas de forma médica, mas também social.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the prevalence of low vision in a fraction of the students in public schools at Caratinga, Minas Gerais. Moreover, show the relevance of preventive measuresto evaluate Visual Acuity (VA) in children up to 7 years old. Methods: A transversal study was made in students, between 4 and 7 years old, enrolled in first and second year of elementary school of Geraldo Marques Cevidanes Municipal School, in the city of Caratinga, Minas Gerais.VA was evaluated using Snellen optometric chart and considered normal when higher than 0,7. Students who had difficulty in being evaluated or had presented VA less than 0,7 were referred to an ophthalmologist. Results: One hundred-eighteen children were evaluated. Five percent (5%) of the sample had low VA, being 16,6% only in the left eye, 33,3% in the right eye and 50% bilateral. 66,6% of students with visual impairment required the prescription glasses. Conclusion: This study meets national research regarding the prevalence of low VA, however, doesn´t match with others studies. It is suggested that projects to prevent eye health in children are important not only medically, but also socially.

Quinolones and fluoroquinolones are widely used to treat uropathogenic Escherichia coli infections. Bacterial resistance to these antimicrobials primarily involves mutations in gyrA and parC genes. To date, no studies have examined the potential relationship between biochemical characteristics and quinolone resistance in uropathogenic E. coli strains. The present work analyzed the quinolone sensitivity and biochemical activities of fifty-eight lactose-negative uropathogenic E. coli strains. A high percentage of the isolates (48.3%) was found to be resistant to at least one of the tested quinolones, and DNA sequencing revealed quinolone resistant determining region gyrA and parC mutations in the multi-resistant isolates. Statistical analyses suggested that the lack of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity is correlated with quinolone resistance. Despite the low number of isolates examined, this is the first study correlating these characteristics in lactose-negative E. coli isolates.

OBJETIVO: Comparar crianças com desenvolvimento típico de linguagem (DTL) e com desvio fonológico evolutivo (DFE) quanto à discriminação fonêmica e ao desempenho linguístico dos níveis da linguagem (morfológico, sintático, semântico e vocabulários perceptivo e produtivo). MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída por 36 crianças, com idades de 5 a 7 anos e 11 meses e com DTL e com DFE. As crianças com DFE aguardavam atendimento nos setores de fala de duas Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) e as crianças com DTL foram triadas em escolas públicas. Para a inclusão na pesquisa, os critérios foram: autorização pelo Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE), ter a idade estipulada e ter DTL. Após a inclusão das crianças, todos os sujeitos foram submetidos ao teste de figuras para discriminação fonêmica (TFDF), ao teste média de valores de frases (MVF), que avalia os aspectos morfossintáticos e semânticos/lexicais, e ao teste de vocabulário expressivo (TVExp). Para avaliação estatística da influência das variáveis, foi realizado o coeficiente de correlação não paramétrico de Spearman, e para a comparação dos grupos em relação aos desempenhos das avaliações, o teste U de Mann-Whitney. RESULTADOS: Somente as crianças com DFE apresentaram influência da discriminação fonêmica nos demais níveis linguísticos. Além disso, há uma diferença significativa entre os desempenhos dos grupos DTL e DFE em relação a discriminação fonêmica, vocabulário e todos os níveis avaliados na modalidade perguntas e descrição. CONCLUSÃO: A comparação entre os dois grupos mostrou que há diferença estatisticamente significativa em relação à discriminação fonêmica e ao desenvolvimento morfossintático e semântico/lexical, com melhor desempenho no grupo com DTL.

PURPOSE: To compare children with typical language development (TLD) and evolutional phonological disorder (EPD) regarding the phonemic discrimination and the linguistic performance of language levels (morphological, syntactic, semantic, and perceptual and productive vocabulary). METHODS: The sample comprised 36 children, aged between 5 years and 7 years and 11 months, with TLD and EPD. Children with EPD were awaiting care in the speech units of two higher education institutions and children with TLD were screened in public schools. For inclusion in the study, the criteria were the following: being authorized by the informed consent and being within the required age group. After the inclusion of children, all subjects underwent the phonemic discrimination test with figures, to the average phrase value test, which assesses the morphosyntactic and semantic/lexical aspects, and the expressive vocabulary test. For statistical evaluation of the influence of variables, Spearman's nonparametric correlation coefficient was used, and for comparison between the groups regarding evaluation performance, Mann-Whitney test was used. RESULTS: Only children with EPD showed influence of phonemic discrimination in other linguistic levels. In addition, a significant difference was observed between the performances of both groups in relation to the phonemic discrimination, vocabulary, and all levels assessed in the questions and description modality. CONCLUSION: The comparison between both groups showed a statistically significant difference in phonemic discrimination and morphosyntactic and lexical/semantic development, with better performance in the TLD group.

OBJETIVO: Verificar a influência do Padrão Facial nas funções orofaciais (FOF) e na qualidade de vida (QV), e a relação entre elas em indivíduos com deformidades dentofaciais (DDF). MÉTODOS: Aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Participaram 36 indivíduos entre 18 e 40 anos de idade, distribuídos em 3 grupos: Padrão I (n=12), Padrão II (n=12) e Padrão III (n=12), sendo 7 mulheres e 5 homens. As FOF foram avaliadas pelo protocolo MBGR e a QV foi aplicado o questionário Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). Para as comparações entre as FOF e os Padrões Faciais, foi aplicado o teste de Kruskal-Wallis, e para a correlação entre Padrão Facial e QV, o coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, considerando nível de significância de 5%. RESULTADOS: Houve diferença significativa (p<0,05) ao comparar os Padrões Faciais I e II, e os Padrões I e III, não tendo sido encontrada diferença entre os Padrões II e III, tanto para o OHIP-14 como para o MBGR. Verificou-se correlação linear significativa (r=0,666; p<0,05) entre o MBGR e o OHIP-14, demonstrando que quanto piores as FOF, pior também a QV. CONCLUSÃO: O Padrão Facial influenciou o desempenho das FOF e a QV em indivíduos com DDF, com maior ocorrência de alterações para os Padrões Faciais II e III.

PURPOSE: To investigate the influence of the facial pattern in orofacial functions (OFFs) and quality of life (QoL), and their relationship in individuals with dentofacial deformities (DFD). METHODS: As approved by the Research Ethics Committee, 36 subjects, aged between 18 and 40 years, divided into three groups of seven female and five male participants, i.e., facial pattern I (n=12), pattern II (n=12) and pattern III (n=12), participated in this study. The OFFs were assessed using the MBGR protocol and QoL by the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) questionnaire. Comparisons between OFFs and facial patterns were made using the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the correlation between the facial pattern and QoL by means of Spearman's test, considering a 5% significance level. RESULTS: A significant difference (p<0.05) was observed when comparing patterns I and II, and patterns I and III, with no difference between patterns II and III, neither in the OHIP-14 nor in the MBGR. A significant linear correlation (r=0.666; p<0.05) was verified between the MBGR and the OHIP-14, showing that the worse the OFFs, the worse the QoL. CONCLUSION: The facial pattern influenced the performance of the OFFs and the QoL in individuals presenting DFD, with a greater occurrence of changes for patterns II and III, and the worse the OFFs, the worse the QoL in cases with DFD.