ABSTRACT Introduction: there are geographical differences described regarding post-thyroidectomy complications, but despite the greater knowledge of surgeons for the approach, the fear continues to be the morbidity associated with postoperative complications. Objective: to determine the incidence of complications post total thyroidectomy in the Servicio de Cirugía General of the Centro Médico Nacional-Hospital Nacional between the period between 2018 and 2022. Methodology: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study, in retrospective time that included patients of both sexes between 18 and 70 years of age admitted to the Servicio de Cirugía General of the Hospital Nacional during the period 2018-2022 for total thyroidectomy. Patients undergoing subtotal thyroidectomy were excluded. For data collection, a data collection instrument was designed where all the variables were included, the data was obtained from the statistics service plus the clinical records of the patients studied. The data were recorded in the Microsoft Office Excel 2010 computer program and analyzed with descriptive statistics using the statistical software SPSS version 24®. Results: the mean age was 47 years, SD ± 13,504, females predominated in 87.8 % (65), the most frequent indication for total thyroidectomy was multinodular goiter 79.7 % (59). Complications were observed in 78. 4% (58), of which hypocalcemia predominated in 55.4% (41), no deaths were recorded. Conclusion: hypocalcemia continues to be the most frequent complication, coinciding with the literature.

RESUMEN Introducción: existen diferencias geográficas descritas respecto a las complicaciones post tiroidectomía, pero pese al mayor conocimiento de los cirujanos para el abordaje, el temor sigue siendo la morbilidad asociada a las complicaciones posoperatorias. Objetivo: determinar la incidencia de complicaciones post tiroidectomía total en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Centro Médico Nacional-Hospital Nacional entre el periodo comprendido entre el 2018 al 2022 Metodología: estudio observacional, descriptivo, de corte trasversal, en tiempo retrospectivo que incluyó pacientes de ambos sexos entre 18 a 70 años de edad internados en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Nacional durante el periodo 2018- 2022 para tiroidectomía total. Se excluyeron pacientes sometidos a tiroidectomía sub total. Para la recolección de datos se diseñó un instrumento recolector de datos en donde se incluyeron todas las variables, los datos fueron obtenidos del servicio de estadísticas más las fichas clínicas de los pacientes estudiados. Los datos fueron registrados en el programa informático Microsoft Office Excel 2010 y se analizó con estadística descriptiva con el software estadístico SPSS versión 24® Resultados: la media de edad fue de 47 años, DS ± 13,504, predomino el sexo femenino en 87,8 % (65), la indicación para tiroidectomía total más frecuente fue por bocio multinodular 79,7 % (59). Se observaron complicaciones en 78,4 % (58), de los cuales predominó la hipocalcemia en un 55,4 % (41), no se registraron fallecimientos. Conclusión: la hipocalcemia sigue siendo la complicación más frecuente coincidiendo con la literatura.

Resumen Las macroalgas marinas son un método de control biológico que disminuyen el daño que provoca el nematodo agallador en los cultivos de importancia económica. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el efecto de cuatro macroalgas en el control de Meloidogyne incognita y su efecto bioestimulante en albahaca. Para ello, cuatro extractos derivados de Ulva lactuca, Ulva clathrata, Gracilaria spp. y Sargassum spp. fueron evaluados en tres dosis (1 000, 2 000 y 3 000 ppm) sobre la eclosión de huevecillos y su eficacia en la germinación, longitud de tallo y raíz de plántulas. Se realizó un análisis fitoquimico de las macroalgas que presentaron acción nematicida sobre los huvecillos. Los resultados mostraron que el extracto de Sargassum spp. y U. lactuca bajo las dosis evaluadas generaron el menor número de huevecillos eclosionados. Pero, ninguna macroalga incrementó el porcentaje de germinación, pero si la longitud de tallo. El análisis fitoquímico del extracto de Sargassum spp. registró el mayor contenido de alcaloides, fenoles, fitoesteroles, péptidos y saponinas. Se comprueba la eficacia de algunas macroalgas marinas sobre el control de M. incognita y su acción bioestimulante en la planta, lo cual es de gran interés para la agricultura orgánica y convencional.

Abstract Marine macroalgae in the control of the root-knot nema tode emerges as a biological alternative to reduce the damage they cause in economically important crops such as basil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of four macroalgae on the control of Meloidogyne incognita and on the growth of basil. For this, four extracts derived from Ulva lactuca, Ulva clathrata, Gracilaria spp. and Sargassum spp. were evaluated at three doses (1 000, 2 000 and 3 000 ppm) on the hatching of eggs and their effectiveness in germination, stem length and root of seedlings. In addition, a phytochemical analysis of the macroalgae that presented nematicidal action on the eggs was carried out. The results showed that the extract of Sargassum spp. and U. lactuca under the three doses evaluated generated the lowest number of hatched eggs. However, none macroalgae increased the germination percentage but the stem length did. In the phytochemical analysis, the extract of Sargassum spp. recorded the highest content of alkaloids, phenols, phytosterols, peptides and saponins. This research proves the efficacy of some marine macroalgae on the control of M. incognita and its biostimulant action on the plant, which is of great interest for organic and conventional agriculture.

Abstract This was a retrospective cohort study to investigate the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the gender gap in articles submitted to three international dental journals based in Brazil. All submissions performed to Brazilian Dental Journal, Brazilian Oral Research, and Journal of Applied Oral Science before (2019) and during the pandemic (2020) were assessed. Gender of the first, last, and corresponding authors were collected. Other variables collected were journal, continent studied by authors and stage of their careers (classified according to authors’ highest degree), and final decision reached in the article. Absolute and relative frequencies with 95% confidence intervals, Pearson’s Chi-square tests, and Fisher’s Exact test were used (α = 0.05). In total, 4,726 unique submissions were analyzed. A higher proportion of early-career authors was observed during the pandemic (44.8% to 49.3%, p = 0.021). Most articles were rejected but without association with gender. Increased proportion of male first authors from before to during the pandemic was observed (39% to 42.1%, p = 0.034). Drop in the proportion of articles with women as first authors was observed for researchers in their early- (65.9% to 58.8%, p = 0.02) and mid-career stages (63% to 55.8%, p = 0.014). Reduction in women as first authors was observed during the pandemic in South and Central Americas (66.7% to 61.5%, p = 0.010), and when the last author was a female, or the corresponding author was a male. In conclusion, a disproportionate impact on female dental researchers in submitting articles in the period from before to during the pandemic was observed when considering first authorship, suggesting that the COVID-19 may have increased the gender inequality in dental science.

RESUMO: O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estimar a prevalência da leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) e identificar as diferenças nos fatores relacionados à sua ocorrência nas zonas urbana e rural do município de Santa Luzia, localizado no semiárido paraibano. Nos anos de 2015 e 2016, coletaram-se 779 amostras de sangue de cães. A prevalência foi determinada através de três técnicas sorológicas, Kit ELISA-S7®, teste rápido DPP® e Kit EIE-LVC®, considerando positivas as amostras que reagiram em, pelo menos, dois ensaios. Os fatores relacionados foram determinados por meio das análises estatísticas uni e multivariada das respostas dos tutores ao questionário epidemiológico. A prevalência de anticorpos anti-Leishmania infantum encontrada no município estudado foi de 15,00% (117/779), sendo maior na zona urbana (15,20%) do que na rural (13,60%). O bairro que apresentou maior prevalência foi o Frei Damião com 26,40% (33/125), sendo considerado um hotspot (OR 1,245; p=0,007). Outros fatores relacionados encontrados foram a criação semidomiciliar (OR 1,798; p=0,025), na zorna urbana, e cão de caça (OR 18,505; p=0,016), contato com bovinos (OR 17,298; p=0,022) e ambiente onde o cão é criado (OR 4,802; p=0,024), na zona rural. Verifica-se a elevada prevalência da leishmaniose visceral canina e a sua ampla distribuição no município de Santa Luzia. Diferenças epidemiológicas entre as zonas urbana e rural puderam ser observadas, demonstrando a necessidade de medidas de controle mais adequadas para cada localidade e comprovando o processo de urbanização.

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) and to identify the differences in associated factors to its occurrence in urban area and countrysides in the municipality of Santa Luzia located in the semi-arid region of Paraíba. In the years 2015 and 2016, 779 blood samples from dogs were collected. The prevalence was determined by three serological techniques, ELISA-S7® Kit, DPP® Rapid Test and EIE-LVC® Kit, considering positive the samples that reacted in at least two assays. Associated factors were determined by univariate and multivariate analyzes of the guardians’ responses to the epidemiological questionnaire. The prevalence of anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies in the studied municipality was 15.00% (117/779), being higher in the urban area (15.20%) than in the countryside (13.60%). The neighborhood with the highest prevalence was Frei Damião with 26.40% (33/125), being considered a hotspot (OR 1.245, p=0.007). Other associated factors were the semi-domiciliary breeding (OR 1.798, p=0.025), in the urban area, and hunting dog (OR 18.505, p=0.016), contact with cattle (OR 17.298, p=0.022) and environment where the dog is raised (OR 4.802, p=0.024) in the countryside. In the municipality of Santa Luzia, the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis is high and the disease is widely distributed. Epidemiological differences between urban area and the countryside could be observed demonstrating the need for more adequate control measures for each locality and proving the urbanization process.

RESUMEN La violencia en parejas de jóvenes es un problema grave que ha llamado la atención de la comunidad científica internacional, lo cual supuso un aumento de los estudios realizados sobre la materia en México. Por esta razón, esta revisión sistemática sintetiza los aspectos éticos y metodológicos de los estudios sobre violencia en el noviazgo de jóvenes mexicanos publicados en las últimas dos décadas. De acuerdo con un protocolo Prisma se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos Clarivate, Ebsco, Scielo y Scopus. Del total de 639 referencias iniciales, se analizaron, mediante un proceso de depuración dividida en cuatro fases, un total de 12 artículos que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión (publicación entre el 2000 y el 2019, artículos empíricos, idioma inglés o español, muestra mexicana, franja de edad entre los 17 y los 35, y muestra con parejas heterosexuales). Entre los principales resultados se destacó la predominancia del enfoque cuantitativo, diseños no experimentales y transversales, así como la inclusión de muestras no probabilísticas y no representativas. Asimismo, se hallaron numerosas inconsistencias en aspectos éticos sobre investigación psicológica. Se discuten los resultados y las implicaciones metodológicas, priorizando la urgencia de que futuros estudios subsanen los aspectos éticos obligatorios a fin de evitar malas prácticas o riesgos para los participantes.

ABSTRACT Violence in young couples is a serious problem that has drawn the attention of the international scientific community, which led to an increase in the number of studies carried out on the subject in Mexico. For this reason, this systematic review synthesizes the ethical and methodological aspects of studies on dating violence among Mexican youths published in the last two decades. In line with a Prisma protocol, a search was carried out in the Clarivate, Ebsco, Scielo and Scopus databases. Of the total 639 initial references, a total of 12 articles that met the inclusion criteria were analysed through a purification process that was divided into four phases (publication between 2000 and 2019, empirical articles, English or Spanish language, Mexican sample, age group between I7 and 35, and heterosexual couples). Among the main results, the predominance of the quantitative approach, non-experimental and cross-sectional designs, as well as the inclusion of non-probabilistic and non-representative samples were highlighted. Likewise, numerous inconsistencies were found in ethical aspects of psychological research. The results and the methodological implications are discussed, prioritizing the urgency for future studies to correct the mandatory ethical aspects in order to avoid bad practices or risks for the participants.

RESUMO A violência em casais de jovens é um problema sério que tem chamado a atenção da comunidade científica internacional, o que supôs um aumento dos estudos realizados sobre a matéria no México. Por este motivo, esta revisão sistemática sintetiza os aspectos éticos e metodológicos dos estudos sobre violência no namoro de jovens mexicanos publicados nas últimas duas décadas. De acordo a um protocolo Prisma, realizou-se uma busca nas bases de dados Clarivate, Ebsco, Scielo e Scopus. De um total de 639 referências iniciais, foram analisados, através de um processo de depuração dividida em quatro fases, um total de 12 artigos que cumpriram os critérios de inclusão (publicação entre 2000 e 2019, artigos empíricos, idioma inglês ou espanhol, amostra mexicana, faixa etária entre os 17 e os 35 anos, e amostra com casais heterossexuais). Entre os principais resultados, destacou-se a predominância da abordagem quantitativa, desenhos não experimentais e transversais, bem como a inclusão de amostras não probabilísticas e não representativas. Da mesma forma, foram identificadas numerosas inconsistências em aspectos éticos sobre pesquisa psicológica. Se discutem os resultados e as implicações metodológicas, priorizando a urgência de que futuros estudos corrijam os aspectos éticos obrigatórios com o objetivo de evitar práticas indevidas ou riscos para os participantes.

Abstract Introduction Preventive measures taken during periods of health crisis, specifically in pandemics, have consistently been associated with detrimental effects on mental health. Isolation and loneliness are indirect effects of these preventive measures. Given these premises, monitoring the behavior of the population in the face of these eventualities becomes important. Worry as an indirect measure of anxiety and stress enables one to recognize subjects who are vulnerable to phenomena of high uncertainty, since measures taken to avoid excessive contagion can have high costs for this population. This phenomenon has been consistently observed in other pandemics such as H1/N1 influenza. Objective To determine the prevalence of worry and perceived risk of contagion in the Guadalajara population during the COVID-19 quarantine and to identify differentiating effects. Method A total of 255 people from western Mexico (Guadalajara, Jalisco) voluntarily participated by answering the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ) adapted to Mexican population. The average age of the respondents, aged between 18 and 70 years, was 31.71 (± 5.19). A total of 170 women and 85 men participated in the study. Results 40.12% of the population scored high levels of worry, making them vulnerable to mental health conditions. Subjects favored the prevention of a contagion regardless of whether they were self-isolated. The only variable that had a differential effect was sex (p < .05), and there were no differences in educational attainment, occupational demandingness, and isolation between the groups. Discussion and conclusion A preventive attitude was observed among the participants, and so it is important to implement strategies that will prevent mental health costs in those who express excessive worry to avoid saturating mental health services.

Resumen Introducción Las medidas preventivas tomadas durante periodos de crisis de salud, específicamente en las pandemias, se han asociado constantemente a efectos perjudiciales en la salud mental. El aislamiento y la soledad son efectos indirectos de estas medidas preventivas. Dadas estas premisas, monitorear la conducta de la población ante estas eventualidades cobra importancia. La preocupación como medida indirecta de la ansiedad y el estrés puede permitir reconocer aquellos sujetos que se encuentren en una situación de vulnerabilidad ante fenómenos de alta incertidumbre, por lo que las medidas tomadas para evitar contagios excesivos pueden tener un costo alto para dicha población. Este fenómeno se ha observado consistentemente en otras pandemias como la de la influenza H1/N1. Objetivo Determinar la prevalencia de preocupación y riesgo de contagio percibido en población tapatía durante la cuarentena por COVID-19 e identificar efectos diferenciadores. Método Un total de 255 personas del occidente de México (Guadalajara, Jalisco) participaron voluntariamente contestando el Cuestionario de Preocupación del Pensilvania (PWSQ) adaptado a la población mexicana. La edad promedio fue de 31.71 (± 5.19) de entre los 18 y los 70 años. Un total de 170 mujeres y 85 hombres participaron en la encuesta. Resultados El 40.12% de la población alcanzó puntajes altos de preocupación, que los vuelven vulnerables a los padecimientos de salud mental. Se expresaron datos favorables en pro de la prevención de un contagio independientemente de si se estaba en situación de aislamiento o no. Por otro lado, la única variable que tuvo un efecto diferencial fue la del sexo (p < .05), mientras que la escolaridad, la exigencia ocupacional y el aislamiento no mostraron diferencias entre grupos. Discusión y conclusión Se observa una actitud de prevención en los participantes; es importante realizar estrategias que eviten que haya costes a razón de la salud mental en aquellos que muestra preocupación excesiva para evitar la saturación de los servicios de salud mental.

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar las respuestas institucionales frente a la conducta suicida de estudiantes de cinco universidades de Bogotá y su relación con los lineamientos de la Política Nacional de Salud Mental (PNSM), de la Atención Primaria Integral en Salud (APS) y los planes establecidos para su abordaje y, a partir de estos, formular recomendaciones para la acción. Métodos Estudio cualitativo de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo basado en la consulta a la memoria de 66 agentes universitarios quienes aportaron acerca del hecho suicida y sus características, y sobre las respuestas y propuestas institucionales asumidas en cinco universidades de Bogotá. Se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. Resultados Las universidades participantes presentan comprensiones heterónomas frente al fenómeno del suicidio y mecanismos de atención diferentes principalmente direccionados al apoyo administrativo y a la prevención de contagio del comportamiento suicida. Conclusiones Los suicidios consumados de estudiantes le han servido a las universidades para reflexionar sobre esta problemática y a partir de ello se ha hecho más visible el problema de la deshumanización en la formación, el papel del bienestar universitario y los servicios de salud. Emerge con fuerza el tema de la conveniencia de las redes de trabajo interinstitucional e intersectorial, la psicoeducación, la corresponsabilidad, así como la activa participación de los jóvenes en la discusión y formulación de enfoques y programas orientados hacia su bienestar.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the institutional responses and actions towards suicidal behavior of students from five universities in Bogotá, and their relation with the National Mental Health Policy (NMHP), the Comprehensive Primary Health Care Guidelines (APS), and the plans established for approaching this issue, to finally make suggestions based on them. Methods Qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study based on the experiences of 66 university workers, who provided inputs on suicide and its characteristics; this study is also grounded on the institutional response of five universities in Bogotá. Semi-structured interviews were also used. Results Participating universities have a heteronomous understanding of the phenomenon of suicide, as well as different attention mechanisms, which are mainly directed to administrative support and the prevention of suicidal behavior contagion. Conclusions The consummate suicides of students have served the universities to reflect upon this problem, which has made more visible the problem of dehumanization in training, and the role of university well-being and health services. The appropriateness of inter-institutional and intersectoral networks, psychoeducation, co-responsibility, and the active participation of young people in the discussion and formulation of welfare-oriented approaches and programs are strong aspects that arise from this reflection.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the institutional responses and actions towards suicidal behavior of students from five universities in Bogotá, and their relation with the National Mental Health Policy (NMHP), the Comprehensive Primary Health Care Guidelines (APS), and the plans established for approaching this issue, to finally make suggestions based on them. Methods Qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study based on the experiences of 66 university workers, who provided inputs on suicide and its characteristics; this study is also grounded on the institutional response of five universities in Bogotá. Semi-structured interviews were also used. Results Participating universities have a heteronomous understanding of the phenomenon of suicide, as well as different attention mechanisms, which are mainly directed to administrative support and the prevention of suicidal behavior contagion. Conclusions The consummate suicides of students have served the universities to reflect upon this problem, which has made more visible the problem of dehumanization in training, and the role of university well-being and health services. The appropriateness of inter-institutional and intersectoral networks, psychoeducation, co-responsibility, and the active participation of young people in the discussion and formulation of welfare-oriented approaches and programs are strong aspects that arise from this reflection.

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar las respuestas institucionales frente a la conducta suicida de estudiantes de cinco universidades de Bogotá y su relación con los lineamientos de la Política Nacional de Salud Mental (PNSM), de la Atención Primaria Integral en Salud (APS) y los planes establecidos para su abordaje y, a partir de estos, formular recomendaciones para la acción. Métodos Estudio cualitativo de tipo exploratorio-descriptivo basado en la consulta a la memoria de 66 agentes universitarios quienes aportaron acerca del hecho suicida y sus características, y sobre las respuestas y propuestas institucionales asumidas en cinco universidades de Bogotá. Se utilizaron entrevistas semiestructuradas. Resultados Las universidades participantes presentan comprensiones heterónomas frente al fenómeno del suicidio y mecanismos de atención diferentes principalmente direccionados al apoyo administrativo y a la prevención de contagio del comportamiento suicida. Conclusiones Los suicidios consumados de estudiantes le han servido a las universidades para reflexionar sobre esta problemática y a partir de ello se ha hecho más visible el problema de la deshumanización en la formación, el papel del bienestar universitario y los servicios de salud. Emerge con fuerza el tema de la conveniencia de las redes de trabajo interinstitucional e intersectorial, la psicoeducación, la corresponsabilidad, así como la activa participación de los jóvenes en la discusión y formulación de enfoques y programas orientados hacia su bienestar.

Abstract We report the results of a retrospective, descriptive, qualitative study of suicide among university students in Bogotá, Colombia. The objective of this study was to document the magnitude, principal characteristics, and impact of this phenomenon in the selected population. A semi-structured survey was employed to collect information from 66 individuals linked to the universities. A total of 45 cases of suicide were documented in the study period (2004 – 2014). Of these, 69% occurred in males and 31% in females. The age range was 17 – 27 years, with 62% of the cases in the 19 – 22 year-old group. The most common mechanisms employed were suffocation and poisoning, followed by intentional falls, use of a firearm, and drug overdose. The selected location was the place of residence in 52% of cases and the university campus in 16% of cases. The distribution of students by area of knowledge showed a predominance of social and human science (44%) followed by engineering (22%). A history of difficulties in family and affective relationships was common among victims, as was a history of exposure to intolerance of differences in sexual orientation. The individuals surveyed expressed a wide range of interpretations of the significance of suicide, both positive (courage, self-affirmation, autonomy) and negative (defeat, despair, and an inability to adapt).

Resumen Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo y retrospectivo en cinco universidades de Bogotá, Colombia, para conocer la magnitud, las principales características y significados y el impacto del suicidio de estudiantes universitarios. Se realizaron 66 entrevistas semiestructuradas a personal institucional. Se identificaron 45 casos de suicidio consumado en el período 2004 - 2014. El 69% de los casos fueron hombres y el 31% mujeres. El rango de edad estuvo entre 17 y 27 años; 62% entre 19 y 22 años. Las formas más frecuentes de cometer el suicidio fueron el ahorcamiento y el envenenamiento, seguidos del lanzamiento al vacío, el uso de armas de fuego y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. El 52% de los casos eligió el lugar de residencia para cometer el hecho; el 16% eligió el campus universitario. Áreas de conocimiento: el 44% pertenecía a ciencias sociales y humanas y el 22% a ingenierías. Motivos y procesos desencadenantes del suicidio identificados, el principal grupo se relaciona con lo familiar, en especial desintegración familiar, ruptura de relaciones de pareja e intolerancia a opciones sexuales diferentes. Los entrevistados expresaron diversos significados del suicidio, tanto positivos: acto de valor y ejercicio de la autonomía, como negativos: impotencia, desadaptación y derrota.

Abstract We report the results of a retrospective, descriptive, qualitative study of suicide among university students in Bogotá, Colombia. The objective of this study was to document the magnitude, principal characteristics, and impact of this phenomenon in the selected population. A semi-structured survey was employed to collect information from 66 individuals linked to the universities. A total of 45 cases of suicide were documented in the study period (2004 – 2014). Of these, 69% occurred in males and 31% in females. The age range was 17 – 27 years, with 62% of the cases in the 19 – 22 year-old group. The most common mechanisms employed were suffocation and poisoning, followed by intentional falls, use of a firearm, and drug overdose. The selected location was the place of residence in 52% of cases and the university campus in 16% of cases. The distribution of students by area of knowledge showed a predominance of social and human science (44%) followed by engineering (22%). A history of difficulties in family and affective relationships was common among victims, as was a history of exposure to intolerance of differences in sexual orientation. The individuals surveyed expressed a wide range of interpretations of the significance of suicide, both positive (courage, self-affirmation, autonomy) and negative (defeat, despair, and an inability to adapt).

Resumen Estudio cualitativo, exploratorio, descriptivo y retrospectivo en cinco universidades de Bogotá, Colombia, para conocer la magnitud, las principales características y significados y el impacto del suicidio de estudiantes universitarios. Se realizaron 66 entrevistas semiestructuradas a personal institucional. Se identificaron 45 casos de suicidio consumado en el período 2004 - 2014. El 69% de los casos fueron hombres y el 31% mujeres. El rango de edad estuvo entre 17 y 27 años; 62% entre 19 y 22 años. Las formas más frecuentes de cometer el suicidio fueron el ahorcamiento y el envenenamiento, seguidos del lanzamiento al vacío, el uso de armas de fuego y el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. El 52% de los casos eligió el lugar de residencia para cometer el hecho; el 16% eligió el campus universitario. Áreas de conocimiento: el 44% pertenecía a ciencias sociales y humanas y el 22% a ingenierías. Motivos y procesos desencadenantes del suicidio identificados, el principal grupo se relaciona con lo familiar, en especial desintegración familiar, ruptura de relaciones de pareja e intolerancia a opciones sexuales diferentes. Los entrevistados expresaron diversos significados del suicidio, tanto positivos: acto de valor y ejercicio de la autonomía, como negativos: impotencia, desadaptación y derrota.

Resumen Antecedentes: este artículo es producto de la investigación denominada Memorias a sol y a sombra. Recuperación de la experiencia en profesionales de las expresiones motrices (2014 - 2015), llevada a cabo con 20 egresados y egresadas del Instituto de Educación Física, de la Universidad de Antioquia (Medellín - Colombia). Objetivo: el objetivo de una de las perspectivas abordadas en el estudio fue caracterizar la cultura corporal de quienes ejercen en distintos escenarios de la educación física, el deporte, la recreación y afines y, específicamente, en este acercamiento se trata de identificar, en los discursos de estos profesionales de las expresiones motrices, las preocupaciones relativas a los hábitos alimentarios, la dietética y la nutrición, como mediadores de la salud -dimensión de la cultura corporal-, y revelar su potencial regulador del sujeto. Materiales y métodos: se fundamenta en la etnografía reflexiva, apoyada con entrevistas, registros visuales, observaciones y talleres e implementada con profesionales de las expresiones motrices, de la ciudad de Medellín. Resultados: el estudio permitió comprender la función de control de las orientaciones provenientes de la dietética en la doble vía: maestro-alumno, la recurrencia a los saberes del campo disciplinar de la Nutrición, en los discursos de los profesionales de las expresiones motrices, y la complejidad que entraña el acatamiento del deber ser, manifiesto en los hábitos alimentarios.

Abstract Background: This article is a product from the research named, On Sun and Shade Memories. This is a recovery from the experience of The Motor expressions stages (2014 - 2015), performed with 20 graduates of the Institute of Physical Education of the University of Antioquia (Medellín - Colombia). Objective: The aim of one of the perspectives addressed in the study, was to characterize the body culture of those who practice physical education, sports, recreation and related areas in different stages, and specifically, this approach is to identify the motor expression professionals’ speech, the concerns about eating habits, dietetics and nutrition as mediators of health-body culture dimension- and to reveal individual’s regulatory potential. Materials and Methods: Based on reflexive ethnography, supported by interviews, visual records, observations and workshops implemented with motor expression professionals from the city of Medellín. Results: The study allowed us to understand the control function of guidance coming from dietetics and nutrition in two ways: teacher-student, the recurrence to the knowledge on the nutrition and dietetics fields, from the speech of motor expressions’ professionals and the complexity of compliance with what it should be, manifested in eating habits.

Se describe y descubre el nivel de importancia que los agricultores de León, Guanajuato, México atribuyen a los factores productivos capacitación, producción, costos, apoyos gubernamentales y tecnología, relacionados con la actividad de la producción agrícola en sus parcelas. Es decir, se conoce la realidad de los agricultores para que posteriormente el gobierno, las instituciones de educación y asociaciones agrícolas, colaboren entre sí de manera coordinada en beneficio de dicha actividad agrícola.

The level of importance of the farmers in Leon, Guanajuato, Mexico is discovered and described, which is attributed to production factors, training, production, costs, government support, and technology, related to the activity of agricultural production in their plots. That is to say, the reality of the farmers is known so that later, the government, educational institutions, and agricultural associations, cooperate with each other in a coordinated manner for the benefit of the agricultural activity.