Pesquisa | SciELO

Abstract Introduction: In Mexico, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) as an interdisciplinary intervention with therapeutic impact in patients with heart disease is growing. There is the need to know actual conditions of CR in our country. Objectives: The objective of this National Registry is to follow-up those existing and new CR units in Mexico through the comparison between the two previous registries, RENAPREC-2009 and RENAPREC II-2015 studies. This is a descriptive study focused on diverse CR activities such as assistance training, and certification of health professionals, barriers, reference, population attended, interdisciplinarity, permanence over time, growth prospects, regulations, post-pandemic condition, integrative characteristics, and scientific research. Results: Data were collected from 45 CR centers in the 32 states, 75.5% are private practice units, 67% are new, 33% were part of RENAPREC II-2015, and 17 have continued since 2009. With a better distribution of CR units along the territory, the median reference of candidates for CR programs is 9% with a significant reduction into tiempo of enrollment to Phase II admission (19 ± 11 days). Regarding to previous registries, the coverance of Phases I, II, and III is 71%, 100%, and 93%, respectively; and a coverance increases in evaluation, risk stratification, and prescription, more comprehensive attendance and prevention strategies. Conclusions: CR in Mexico has grown in the past 7 years. Even there is still low reference and heterogeneity in specific processes, there are strengths such as interdisciplinarity, scientific professionalization of specialists, national diversification, and an official society that are consolidated over time.

https://doi.org/10.24875/acm.22000235

Carbon Paste Electrodes Obtained from Organic Waste After a Biodrying Process and Validation in an Electro-Fenton System Towards Alternative Valorization
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Vela-Carrillo, A. Z.

; Godínez, Luis A.

; García-Espinoza, J. D.

; Martínez, R. J.

; Franco-Hernández, M. O.

; Piña-Guzman, A. B.

; Santos, M. C.

; Robles-Martínez, F.

; Robles, I.

Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society

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Dez 2023, Volume 67 Nº 4 Páginas 359 - 370

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract. The transformation of agricultural waste into activated carbon represents an attractive approach as new and alternative source, but also as a reduction of pollution associated to the degradation of precursors. The organic residues sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse-shell, orange (Citrus sinensis) peel-bagasse, and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) leaves, obtained from a biodrying process were transformed into activated carbons using phosphoric acid as activating agent. The resulting materials were physicochemically characterized and after that, carbonaceous electrodes were prepared to test the feasibility of using them in a discoloration electro-Fenton wastewater treatment process. Orange peel-bagasse biodried precursor transformed into activated carbon showed the highest efficiency when used as the modifier in a carbon paste electrode due to its highest porosity, electroactive area (24.9x10-2 cm2), and roughness (1.21 a.u.), also to its chemical affinity for anionic molecules. These properties, in addition to the capability of electro-sorb iron ions on the surface during the Fenton reaction, allowed a 44 % methyl orange discoloration efficiency. Sugarcane bagasse-peel and eucalyptus leaves biodried residues were also evaluated with efficiencies under 30 %, mainly attributed to intrinsic composition of the precursor materials.

Resumen. La transformación de los residuos agrícolas en carbón activado representa un enfoque atractivo y novedoso, además de que representa una alternativa a la reducción de la contaminación asociada a la degradación de residuos orgánicos. Los residuos orgánicos de bagazo de caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum), bagazo y cáscara de naranja (Citrus sinensis), y hojas de eucalipto (Eucalyptus globulus), que fueron obtenidos de un proceso de biosecado, se transformaron en carbón activado utilizando ácido fosfórico como agente activante. Los materiales resultantes se caracterizaron fisicoquímicamente y después de eso, se prepararon electrodos de pasta de carbón modificados con estos materiales, para estudiar la viabilidad de utilizarlos en un proceso de tratamiento de aguas residualesmediante electro-Fenton. El precursor biosecado de bagazo y cáscara de naranja transformado en carbón activado mostró la mayor eficiencia cuando se usó como modificador en un electrodo de pasta de carbón, debido a su mayor porosidad, área electroactiva (24.9x10-2 cm2) y rugosidad (1.21), también debido a su mayor afinidad química por moléculas aniónicas. Estas propiedades, aunadas a la capacidad de electro-sorber iones de hierro en la superficie durante la reacción de Fenton, permitieron una eficiencia de decoloración del naranja de metilo del 44 %. También se evaluaron residuos biosecados de bagazo de caña de azúcar y hojas de eucalipto, con eficiencias inferiores al 30 %, atribuidas principalmente a la composición intrínseca de los materiales precursores.

https://doi.org/10.29356/jmcs.v67i4.1962

Proximate composition, minerals, tannins, phytates and cooking quality of commercial cowpea cultivars
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Oliveira, Adolfo M. C. de

; Jean, Abdias

; Damasceno-Silva, Kaesel J.

; Moreira-Araújo, Regilda S. dos R.

; Franco, Luis J. D.

; Rocha, Maurisrael de M.

Revista Caatinga

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Set 2023, Volume 36 Nº 3 Páginas 702 - 710

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Cowpea is a socioeconomically important legume in the Northeast region of Brazil, and the most grown and consumed type of bean, representing the main source of low-cost vegetable protein for rural and urban populations in this region. The objective of this work was to characterize the proximate composition, minerals, tannins, phytic acid, and cooking quality of whole grains of cowpea from the commercial cultivars BRS Aracê, BRS Inhuma, and BRS Xiquexique. Grain samples of the cultivars were ground in a zirconium ball mill and the flour was used for analysis. The proximate composition was carried out according to the AOAC methodology. The minerals were determined by nitro-perchloric digestion and reading in a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The anti-nutritional factors tannins and phytic acid were determined by extraction and reading in a spectrophotometer. Cooking quality was assessed using an electric pressure cooker and then a Mattson cooker. A completely randomized experimental design was used, with three treatments (cultivars) and three replications. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.05). The cowpea cultivars showed significant differences (p<0.05) for most characteristics evaluated and were similar in terms of ash, lipids, total dietary fiber, and most macrominerals. The results showed that grains of the cultivars BRS Aracê and BRS Xiquexique are excellent sources of dietary fiber, proteins, and minerals and present high cooking quality, while grains of the cultivar BRS Inhuma stood out regarding carbohydrates, soluble dietary fibers, total energetic value, and low levels of factors, anti-nutritional tannins and phytic acid.

RESUMO O feijão-caupi é uma leguminosa de grande importância socioeconômica na região Nordeste do Brasil, sendo o tipo de feijão mais cultivado e consumido, representando a principal fonte de proteína vegetal de baixo custo das populações rural e urbana dessa região. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a composição centesimal, minerais, taninos, ácido fítico e a qualidade de cozimento dos grãos integrais das cultivares de feijão-caupi BRS Aracê, BRS Inhuma e BRS Xiquexique. A composição centesimal foi determinada de acordo com a metodologia AOAC. Os minerais foram determinados por digestão nitro-perclórica e leitura em espectrofotômetro de absorção atômica de chama. Os fatores antinutricionais taninos e ácido fítico foram determinados por extração e leitura em espectrofotômetro. A qualidade do cozimento foi avaliada usando uma panela de pressão elétrica e, em seguida, o cozedor de Matsson. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC), com três tratamentos (cultivares) e três repetições. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). As cultivares apresentaram diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para a maioria das características avaliadas e similares para os teores de cinzas, lipídeos, fibra alimentar total e a maioria dos macrominerais. As cultivares BRS Aracê e BRS Xiquexique representam excelentes fontes de fibras dietéticas, proteínas e minerais, além de alta qualidade de cozimento, enquanto a cultivar BRS Inhuma destacou-se em carboidratos, fibras alimentares solúveis, valor energético total e baixos teores dos fatores antinutricionais analisados.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252023v36n322rc

A Seismological Study of the Michoacán-Colima, Mexico, Earthquake of 19 September 2022 (Mw7.6)
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Singh, S. K.

; Iglesias, A.

; Arroyo, D.

; Pérez-Campos, X.

; Ordaz, M.

; Mendoza, C.

; Corona-Fernández, R. D.

; Rivera, L.

; Espíndola, V. H.

; González-Ávila, D.

; Martínez-López, R.

; Castro-Artola, O.

; Santoyo, M. A.

; Franco, S. I.

Geofísica internacional

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Jun 2023, Volume 62 Nº 2 Páginas 445 - 465

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Abstract Michoacán-Colima earthquake of 19 September 2022 (M s 7.6, M w7.6) ruptured the NW end of the Cocos-North American plate interface, causing severe damage to many towns and cities in the states of Michoacán and Colima. The damage was further exacerbated by a major aftershock (M w6.7) on 22 September. The mainshock initiated below the coast at a hypocentral distance of 22 km from the seismic station of Maruata (MMIG) where peak ground acceleration and velocity, PGA and PGV, of ~ 1 g and 28 cm/s were recorded. The epicenter of the major aftershock was located ~ 30 km SE of the mainshock. Finite fault modeling of the mainshock by the U.S. Geological Survey reveals a rupture propagation along the strike towards the NW and yields a static stress drop, Δσs, of 3.7 MPa. Our estimated radiated energy, E R, is 3.44×1015J, so that E R /M 0 is 1.27 × 10−5 similar to other large Mexican thrust earthquakes whose rupture areas do not extend to the trench. Aftershocks of the 2022 mainshock overlap that of the Colima earthquake of 30 January 1973 (M w7.6). Galitzin seismograms of the two earthquakes at DeBilt (DBN), The Netherlands, are reasonably similar so that they may be classified as quasi-repeated events. On the other hand, the DBN seismogram of the earthquake of 15 April 1941 (M S 7.7), whose location is poorly known but occurred in the same region, differs greatly from those of the 1973 and 2022 earthquakes, suggesting a different source area for the 1941 event. An analysis of the extensive regional recordings exhibits the effect of the directivity on the ground motion and on the ratio of ground motion during the mainshock to the major aftershock. The directivity explains the observed azimuthal dependence of PGA and PGV ratios, spectral ratios, and PGA and response spectra at 2s, Sa (T = 2 s). Because of the directivity, PGA, PGV, and Sa (T = 2 s) in the Valley of Mexico during the mainshock and the major aftershock were about the same in spite of the magnitude difference of 0.9. At CU (the reference, hard site in Mexico City), PGA and PGV during both events were ~ 6 cm/s2 and 2 cm/s, respectively, lower than expected for the mainshock and higher than expected for the aftershock.

Resumen El sismo de Michoacán-Colima el 19 de septiembre de 2022 (M s7.6, M w 7.6) rompió el límite NW de la interface entre las placas de Cocos y norteamericana, causando daño severo a muchas poblados y ciudades en los estados de Michoacán y Colima. El daño fue además agravado por una réplica de magnitud importante (M w6.7) el 22 de septiembre. El sismo principal inició debajo de la costa a una distancia hipocentral de 22 km de la estación sísmica de Maruata (MMIG) donde las aceleraciones y velocidades máximas registradas, PGA y PGV, fueron de 1g y 28 cm/s, respectivamente. El epicentro de la réplica más grande se localizó a ~30 km al SE del sismo principal. El modelado de falla finita del sismo principal presentado por el Servicio Geológico de los Estados Unidos (USGS), revela una propagación de la ruptura a lo largo del rumbo de la falla hacia la dirección NW con una caída de esfuerzos estáticos Δσs, of 3.7 MPa. Nuestra estimación de energía radiada, E R, es 3.44×1015J, de tal manera que E R /M 0 es de 1.27 × 10−5 valor similar al calculado para otros grandes sismos de subducción cuyas área de ruptura no se extienden hacia la trinchera. El área que contiene las réplicas del sismo principal de 2022 se traslapa con el área de réplicas del sismo del 30 de enero de 1973 (M w7.6). Los sismográmas Galitzin de los dos sismos registrados en la estación DeBilt (DBN) localizada en los Países Bajos son razonablemente similares de tal manera que pueden ser clasificados como eventos quasi-repetidos. Por otro lado, el sismograma DBN del sismo del 15 de abril de 1941 (M S 7.7), cuya localización no se conoce bien del todo, aunque se sabe que ocurre en la misma región, difiere sustancialmente de los sismogramas de 1972 y 2022, sugiriendo que el primero rompió un área diferente de la del sismo de 1941. Un análisis extensivo de registros regionales exhibe el efecto de directividad observada en los datos de movimientos fuertes y en los cocientes de aceleraciones del sismo principal y de las aceleraciones de la réplica mayor. La directividad explica la dependencia azimutal observada en los cocientes de PGA y PGV, los cocientes espectrales, la distribución de PGA y la respuesta espectral a 2s Sa (T = 2 s). Debido a la directividad, los valores de PGA, PGV y Sa (T = 2 s) en el Valle de México durante el sismo principal y la réplica mayor fueron muy similares a pesar de la diferencia en magnitud de 0.9. En CU (el sitio de roca firme de referencia en la Ciudad de México), PGA y PGV durante ambos eventos fueron de ~ 6 cm/s2 and 2 cm/s, respectivamente, valores más bajos que los esperados para el sismo principal y más altos que los esperados para la réplica mayor.

https://doi.org/10.22201/igeof.2954436xe.2023.62.2.1453

Renal deficit and associated factors in children born with low birth weight
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Vale, Marynéa Silva do

; Marques, Patrícia Franco

; Cavalcante, Milady Cutrim Vieira

; Brito, Mateus Noleto

; Santos, Alcione Miranda dos

; Salgado-Filho, Natalino

; Duarte, José Luiz M. B.

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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2023, Nº ahead

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT Introduction: Kidney problems may be due to low birth weight alone or may occur in association with other conditions. The objective this study was to evaluate the association between maternal and birth characteristics, anthropometric measurements, and kidney function deficit in low birth weight infants. Methods: Cross-sectional study with children who were born weighing < 2500 grams and were under outpatient follow-up. Maternal factors investigated were prenatal care and presence of hypertension, diabetes, and infection during pregnancy. The children’s variables were sex, gestational age, birth weight, Apgar score, use of nephrotoxic medications, age, body weight at the time of evaluation, height, and serum creatinine and cystatin C dosages. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated with the combined Zapittelli equation. Multivariate logistic regression model was used for identification of associated factors, with renal function deficit (GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) as the dependent variable. Results: Of the 154 children evaluated, 34.42% had kidney function deficit. Most of them had a gestational age > 32 weeks (56.6%), a mean birth weight of 1439.7 grams, and mean estimated GFR of 46.9 ± 9.3 mL/min/1.73 m2. There was a significant association of GFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 with children’s current weight and use of nephrotoxic drugs. Discussion: Children born with low birth weight had a high prevalence of kidney function deficit and current normal weight was a protective factor while the use of nephrotoxic drugs during perinatal period increased the chance of kidney deficit. These findings reinforce the need to evaluate the kidney function in these children, especially those who use nephrotoxic drugs.

RESUMO Introdução: Problemas renais podem ser devido apenas ao baixo peso ao nascer ou podem ocorrer em associação com outras condições. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a associação entre características maternas e de nascimento, medidas antropométricas e déficit da função renal em bebês de baixo peso ao nascer. Métodos: Estudo transversal com crianças que nasceram com peso < 2500 gramas e estavam sob acompanhamento ambulatorial. Os fatores maternos investigados foram cuidados pré-natal e presença de hipertensão, diabetes e infecção durante a gravidez. As variáveis das crianças foram sexo, idade gestacional, peso ao nascer, índice Apgar, uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos, idade, peso corporal no momento da avaliação, altura e dosagens séricas de creatinina e cistatina C. A taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) foi estimada com a equação combinada de Zapittelli. Utilizou-se um modelo de regressão logística multivariada para identificação de fatores associados, com déficit da função renal (TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2) como variável dependente. Resultados: Das 154 crianças avaliadas, 34,42% apresentaram déficit da função renal. A maioria tinha idade gestacional > 32 semanas (56,6%), peso médio ao nascer de 1439,7 gramas, e TFG média estimada de 46,9 ± 9,3 mL/min/1,73 m2. Houve uma associação significativa da TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 com o peso atual das crianças e o uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos. Discussão: Crianças nascidas com baixo peso apresentaram alta prevalência de déficit da função renal e o peso atual normal foi um fator de proteção, enquanto o uso de medicamentos nefrotóxicos durante o período perinatal aumentou a chance de déficit renal. Estes achados reforçam a necessidade de avaliar a função renal destas crianças, especialmente aquelas que usam medicamentos nefrotóxicos.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2022-0154en

ANÁLISIS MORFOLÓGICOS Y MOLECULARES RESPALDAN LA IDENTIDAD DE ARENARIA PYCNOPHYLLOIDES (CARYOPHYLLACEAE, ARENARIEAE) Y LA EXCLUSIÓN DEL GÉNERO SABULINA PARA LA FLORA ARGENTINA
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Zanotti, Christian A.

; Chiarini, Franco E.

; von Mering, Sabine

; Acosta, Juan M.

Darwiniana, nueva serie

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Set 2022, Volume 10 Nº 2 Páginas 435 - 450

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen Zanotti, C. A.; F. E. Chiarini, S. von Mering & J. M. Acosta. 2022. Análisis morfológicos y moleculares respaldan la identidad de Arenaria pycnophylloides (Caryophyllaceae, Arenarieae) y la exclusión del género Sabulina para la Flora Argentina. Darwiniana, nueva serie 10(2): 435-450. Minuartia altoandina ha sido descrita como una especie endémica para el noroeste argentino, y posteriormente, transferida al género Sabulina. En la presente contribución, sobre la base de observaciones morfológicas y datos moleculares, se propone aquí a Sabulina altoandina como un sinónimo heterotípico de Arenaria pycnophylloides, especie nativa de las regiones altoandinas de Bolivia y del noroeste argentino; y como consecuencia, se excluye al género Sabulina de la Flora Argentina. Por otro lado, se sinonimiza a A. pycnophylloides var. compacta bajo A. pycnophylloides, y, además, el nombre de esta variedad se lectotipifica. Se brinda una descripción morfológica de A. pycnophylloides y se aporta una lámina fotográfica del taxón para facilitar la identificación de la especie. Adicionalmente, se presenta un mapa de distribución de la especie, y se excluye de la Flora de Perú.

Abstract Zanotti, C. A.; F. E. Chiarini, S. von Mering & J. M. Acosta. 2022. Morphological and molecular analysis support the identity of Arenaria pycnophylloides (Caryophyllaceae, Arenarieae), and the exclusion of the genera Sabulina from the Argentinian flora. Darwiniana, nueva serie 10(2): 435-450. Minuartia altoandina has been described as an endemic species for northwestern Argentina, and later transferred to the genus Sabulina. In this contribution and based on morphological observations and molecular data, Sabulina altoandina is proposed here as a heterotypic synonym of Arenaria pycnophylloides, a native species to the high Andean regions of Bolivia and northwestern Argentina; as a consequence, the genus Sabulina is excluded from the Argentinian Flora. On the other hand, A. pycnophylloides var. compacta is synonymized under A. pycnophylloides, and in addition, the name of this variety is lectotypified. A morphological description of A. pycnophylloides and a photographic plate of the taxon are provided to facilitate identification of the species. Additionally, a distribution map of the species is provided and is excluded from the Peruvian Flora.

https://doi.org/10.14522/darwiniana.2022.102.1081

Safety and efficacy of arteriovenous fistula angioplasties performed by nephrologists: report from a Brazilian interventional nephrology center
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Franco, Ricardo P.

; Riella, Miguel C.

; Chula, Domingos C.

; Alcântara, Marcia T. de

; Nascimento, Marcelo M. do

Brazilian Journal of Nephrology

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Jun 2022, Volume 44 Nº 2 Páginas 196 - 203

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Introdução: As fístulas arteriovenosas (FAV) são a primeira escolha de acesso vascular para hemodiálise. No entanto, elas apresentam uma alta incidência de estenoses venosas levando à trombose. Embora o treinamento em nefrologia intervencionista possa melhorar a acessibilidade para o tratamento das estenoses venosas, há dados limitados sobre a segurança e a eficácia desta abordagem realizada por nefrologistas treinados em países em desenvolvimento e de baixa renda. Métodos: Este estudo apresenta os resultados retrospectivos de angioplastias de FAV realizadas por nefrologistas treinados em um centro ambulatorial brasileiro de nefrologia intervencionista. O desfecho primário foi a taxa de sucesso técnico (conclusão do procedimento com angioplastia de todas as estenoses) e os desfechos secundários foram taxas de complicação e a patência geral das FAV. Achados: Duzentas e cinquenta e seis angioplastias foram realizadas em 160 FAV. A taxa de sucesso técnico foi de 88,77% e a principal causa de falha técnica foi a oclusão venosa (10%). A incidência de complicações foi de 13,67%, com apenas um paciente necessitando de internação e quatro acessos perdidos devido à presença de hematomas e/ou trombose. Hematomas de grau 1 foram a complicação mais frequente (8,2%). A patência geral encontrada foi de 88,2 e 80,9% a 180 e 360 dias após o procedimento, respectivamente. Conclusão: Nossos achados sugerem que a angioplastia de FAV realizada por nefrologistas treinados tem taxas de sucesso e patência aceitáveis, com uma baixa incidência de complicações maiores, bem como uma baixa necessidade de hospitalização.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Arteriovenous fistulas (AVF) are the first choice vascular access for hemodialysis. However, they present a high incidence of venous stenosis leading to thrombosis. Although training in interventional nephrology may improve accessibility for treatment of venous stenosis, there is limited data on the safety and efficacy of this approach performed by trained nephrologists in low-income and developing countries. Methods: This study presents the retrospective results of AVF angioplasties performed by trained nephrologists in a Brazilian outpatient interventional nephrology center. The primary outcome was technical success rate (completion of the procedure with angioplasty of all stenoses) and secondary outcomes were complication rates and overall AVF patency. Findings: Two hundred fifty-six angioplasties were performed in 160 AVF. The technical success rate was 88.77% and the main cause of technical failure was venous occlusion (10%). The incidence of complications was 13.67%, with only one patient needing hospitalization and four accesses lost due to the presence of hematomas and/or thrombosis. Grade 1 hematomas were the most frequent complication (8.2%). The overall patency found was 88.2 and 80.9% at 180 and 360 days after the procedure, respectively. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that AVF angioplasty performed by trained nephrologists has acceptable success rates and patency, with a low incidence of major complications as well as a low need for hospitalization.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2021-0085

ENHANCED REMOVAL OF PERSISTENT CONTAMINANTS AND TOXICITY REDUCTION THROUGH THE APPLICATION OF A TRIPLE-STAGE FENTON PROCESS TO SANITARY LANDFILL LEACHATES FROM YUCATAN, MEXICO
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Escalante-Mañé, Ana M.

; Méndez-Novelo, Roger I.

; Giácoman-Vallejos, Germán

; González-Sánchez, Avel A.

; Romo-Alvarado, Jéssica

; Collí-Dulá, Reyna C.

; Quintal-Franco, Carlos A.

; Puch-Hau, Carlos

Química Nova

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Jun 2022, Volume 45 Nº 6 Páginas 659 - 665

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Sanitary landfill leachate (SLL) is a mixture of highly toxic and recalcitrant pollutants that threatens the water quality of the Yucatán Peninsula karst aquifer, one of the most extensive aquifers on the planet. To reduce the adverse environmental impacts of this wastewater, a triple-stage Fenton process (FP) was applied in an old SLL. Removal efficiencies were evaluated in terms of physicochemical variables, metal(oid)s concentrations, mass spectrometric identification of organic compounds and Daphnia magna acute toxicity test. The triple-stage FP achieved an 88% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal, representing an improvement of 13% compared to FP performed in a single stage. Further, metal(oid)s such as aluminum, arsenic, chromium, nickel and zinc as well as organic compounds were substantially reduced. With respect to acute toxicity, the treatment produced a 64% reduction. Thus, this treatment system seems to be an effective option to reduce the dangerous level of SLL.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170866

Modelo computacional y verificación experimental de rendimiento en profundidad en protonterapia para generación de SPREAD OUT BRAGG PEAK (SOBP) en irradiaciones intracraneales
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Salinas Domján, C.

; Franco, D.

; Valente, M.

Anales (Asociación Física Argentina)

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Abr 2022, Volume 33 Nº 2 Páginas 54 - 58

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

Resumen En este trabajo se reporta una metodología de modelado computacional por medio de simulaciones Monte Carlo, implementadas en el código FLUKA, para describir los procesos físicos en irradiaciones de protonterapia. Se muestra su validación por comparación con datos experimentales y se describe el procedimiento de generación del Spread out Bragg Peak (SOBP) para aplicaciones en irradiaciones intracraneales. Los resultados obtenidos por simulación, habiendo configurado el modelo de transporte según parámetros apropiados, han logrado un buen acuerdo con los datos experimentales, mientras que el procedimiento de generación de SOBP ha mostrado alta efectividad de concentración dosimétrica en vistas de lograr control local y protección de zonas a riesgo para aplicaciones intracraneales.

Abstract This work reports on a computational modeling methodology through Monte Carlo simulations based on the FLUKA code to describe the physical processes in protontherapy irradiations. The corresponding validation by comparisons with experimental data is shown and the SOBP generation procedure applied to intracranial irradiations is described. Promising peformance has been achieved in terms of the good agreements between experimental and simulation data, while the SOBP generation procedure has proved to attain acceptable dose concentration and uniformity, this constituting a promising issue for local control and protection of areas at risk for intracranial applications.

https://doi.org/10.31527/analesafa.2022.33.2.54

10.

Spatial variability of soil physical properties in longitudinal profiles
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FRANCO, THIAGO C.R.

; FERRAZ, GABRIEL A.S

; CARVALHO, LUIS C.C.

; SILVA, FÁBIO M.

; ALVES, MARCELO C.

; MARIN, DIEGO B.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2022, Volume 94 Nº 2 elocation e20200411

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract The spatial variability of physical properties, such as bulk density, penetration resistance and gravimetric moisture, obtained by applying geostatistics in precision agriculture, can effectively indicate the physical behavior of agricultural soils in longitudinal profiles. In this way, the spatial dependence of physical properties in streets of coffee plantations with different lengths was evaluated in the southern Minas Gerais, Brazil. For this purpose, five longitudinal profiles were measured in streets, each one with depths ranging from 0 to 0.60 m, in six layers of 0.10 m, being the database composed of 432 property, 144 by property, submitted to the ordinary kriging geostatistical method in order to obtain spatial variability maps using the R software. They were evaluated by the lower mean cross-validation error of theoretical models fitted by ordinary least squares (OLS), being detected in higher superficial layers, from 0 to 0.30 m, lower bulk density and lower penetration resistance, with variable gravimetric moisture in the length direction of some streets of coffee plantations, being that these properties presented different structures of spatial dependence for each street.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202220200411

11.

Use of MALDI-TOF for identification and surveillance of gram-negative bacteria in captive wild psittacines
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Davies, Y. M.

; Franco, L. S.

; Barbosa, F. B.

; Vanin, C. L.

; Gomes, V. T. M.

; Moreno, L. Z.

; Barbosa, M. R. F.

; Sato, M. I. Z.

; Moreno, A. M.

; Knöbl, T.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2022, Volume 82 elocation e233523

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo Estudos microbiológicos da sanidade de psitacídeos que serão reintroduzidos são importantes para avaliar se esses animais atuam como portadores de agentes patogênicos para outros animais e humanos. A espectrometria de massa por ionização/dessorção de matriz assistida por laser/tempo de vôo (MALDI-TOF MS) é um método mais rápido e preciso para identificar bactérias na comparação com métodos convencionais de microbiologia. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o estado de saúde de psitacídeos cativos, identificando bactérias Gram-negativas da microbiota fecal por MALDI -TOF MS. Os resultados indicaram alta frequência de bactérias Gram-negativas nas fezes (96,5%), principalmente da família Enterobacteriaceae (88,7%). As mais prevalentes foram Escherichia coli (39,0%), Proteus vulgaris (12,2%), Klebsiella spp. (12,1%) e Raoultella ornithinolytica (8,7%). Proteus hauseri, Citrobacter spp., Morganella morgannii, Providencia rettgeri, Enterobacter spp. e Escherichia hermannii foram isolados com menor frequência. Todos esses agentes são potencialmente patogênicos para os papagaios e podem causar infecções sistêmicas em outros animais e seres humanos. Esses achados reforçam que o MALDI- TOF MS é um método rápido e preciso de identificação do microrganismo e avaliação do estado de saúde dos psitacídeos, fornecendo dados relevantes para auxiliar na tomada de decisões sobre os protocolos sanitários em centros de triagem de animais selvagens e sobre a possibilidade de reintrodução futura.

Abstract Microbiological studies of the sanitary and health status of psittacine birds that will be reintroduced is important in evaluating whether these animals act as carriers of pathogenic agents to other animals and humans. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is a faster and more accurate method to identify bacteria than conventional microbiology methods. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health status of psittacines housed in captivity, by assessment of Gram-negative bacteria from fecal microbiota through MALDI- TOF MS identification. The results indicate high frequency of Gram-negative bacteria in feces (96.5%), especially from the Enterobacteriaceae family (88.7%). The most prevalent bacteria were Escherichia coli (39.0%), Proteus vulgaris (12.2%), Klebsiella spp. (12.1%) and Raoultella ornithinolytica (8.7%). Proteus hauseri, Citrobacter spp., Morganella morgannii, Providencia rettgeri, Enterobacter spp. and Escherichia hermannii were isolated with lower frequency. . All these agents are potentially pathogenic for parrots and can cause systemic infections in other animals and humans. These findings reinforce that MALDI- TOF MS proved to be a rapid and accurate method of identification of the microorganism and evaluation of the health status of psittacines, providing relevant data to assist decision-making regarding the sanitary protocols in wildlife centers, and possible future reintroduction of wild birds.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.233523 343 downloads

12.

Study of the Lange Glacier and its impact due to temperature increase in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, Antarctica
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Mojica-Moncada, Diego F.

; Cárdenas, Carlos

; Mojica-Moncada, Jhon F.

; Brondi, Fabian

; Barragán-Barrera, Dalia C.

; Marangunic, Cedomir

; Holland, David

; Franco Herrera, Andrés

; Casassa, Gino

Boletín de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras - INVEMAR

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Dez 2021, Volume 50 Supl. 1 Páginas 59 - 84

Resumo: Es En | Texto: Es En | PDF: Es | PDF: En

RESUMEN Al occidente de la Península Antártica se ha identificado una de las áreas de mayor calentamiento del hemisferio sur. Para caracterizar esta tendencia, se seleccionó el Glaciar Lange (GL) en la Isla Rey Jorge, con el fin de evaluar: 1) temperatura superficial y dinámica del GL utilizando estacas con sensores de temperatura; 2) espesor sumergido del GL y parámetros del mar a través de batimetría (BT) y 29 estaciones CTD frente al GL; 3) frente de glaciar (FG) utilizando BT y un Modelo Digital de Elevación (MDE); 4) cambio en la posición del FG usando MDE y datos históricos de su ancho; 5) flujo de Calving (QC). Los resultados mostraron que el 85 % de las temperaturas estuvieron por encima del punto de fusión de 0 °C (media = 5,0 ± 5,2 °C). Las estacas arrojaron una pérdida promedio de hielo de 9,3 ± 1,3 cm. La dinámica promedio del GL fue de 8,8 ± 1,5 m (0,40 ± 0,70 m/día), corroborado por imágenes de satélite Sentinel-1 (Offset Tracking = 0,43 ± 0,01 m/día). Se identificó una intrusión de aguas externas más cálidas que las aguas residentes en la bahía del GL, lo cual desestabiliza la columna de agua debido a procesos de convección. Nuestros hallazgos en conjunto indicaron una fusión glaciar continua que aumenta su dinámica debido al aumento de temperatura, con un aporte de agua dulce a la Bahía del Almirantazgo. Según los resultados históricos y este estudio, el retroceso del GL se estimó entre 1956 y 2019 en 2.492 m.

ABSTRACT In the western Antarctic Peninsula one of the areas the highest warming in the southern hemisphere has been identified. To characterize this tendency, we selected the Lange Glacier (LG) on King George Island, to evaluate: 1) LG surface temperature and dynamics using stakes with temperature data loggers; 2) LG submerged thickness and sea parameters through bathymetry (BT) and 29 CTD stations in front of LG; 3) glacier front (GF) using BT and a Digital Elevation Model (DEM); 4) change in GF position using DEM and historical data of GF width; 5) Calving flux (QC). Our findings showed 85 % of temperatures were above the 0 °C melting point (mean = 5.0 ± 5.2 °C). The stakes had an average ice loss of 9.3 ± 1.3 cm. The LG mean dynamics was 8.8 ± 1.5 m (0.40 ± 0.70 m/day), corroborated by Sentinel-1 satellite images (Offset Tracking = 0.43 ± 0.01 m/day). An intrusion of external waters warmer in the LG bay was identified, which destabilizes the water column due to convection processes. Our findings together indicated a continuous glacial melt that increases its dynamics due to the increase in temperature, with a contribution of fresh water to the Admiralty Bay. Based on historical results and this study, the LG retracement was estimated in 2,492 m between 1956 and 2019.

https://doi.org/10.25268/bimc.invemar.2021.50.suplesp.949 71 downloads

13.

Algunas propiedades físicas, químicas y microbiológicas de un suelo agrícola en Darién, República de Panamá
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Álvarez-González, Aquile

; Martín-Alonso, Gloria M.

; Mejía-Franco, Luis C.

; López-Vdovenko, Evangelina

; Rodríguez-Yon, Yakelin

Cultivos Tropicales

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Dez 2021, Volume 42 Nº 4 elocation e06

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

ABSTRACT For any study of soils it is always necessary a previous profile description, in which one observes their morphology and they are presented a series of estates that they are the result of the soil and the antropogenic influence formation. Taking in consideration this premise, it was carried out the soil profile description in a farm of Yaviza, Panama, and to determine some of their physical, chemical and microbiological properties. The soil was classified as Vertic Gleysol, due to the found diagnosis characteristics: gleyic properties to less than 50 cm of depth and vertic properties, the soil have clayey texture, it was not compacted and the content of organic matter and the organic carbon reserve of the soil were low. The pH was acid in the whole profile, however, the effective capacity of cationic exchange oscillated between high and half, with prevalence of the ions Ca2+ and Mg2+ and a high saturation percentage of bases. Except the relationship Ca/Mg that was normal, the other ones internutrients relate were outside of range. Microelement concentrations and changeable aluminum were low in the whole profile. When analyzing the relative abundance of microorganisms it was found that the most abundant phylum were Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Acidobacteria, all of the domain Bacteria and of the Kingdom Fungi the prevalence of the phylum Ascomycota was observed, followed by Basidiomycota and Rozellomycota. It is necessary to correct the imbalance between the nutrients and check the evolution of these estates during the agricultural exploitation of the area in study.

RESUMEN Para cualquier estudio de suelos siempre es necesario una previa descripción del perfil, en el que se observa su morfología y se presentan una serie de propiedades que son el resultado de la formación del suelo y de la influencia antropogénica. Tomando en consideración esta premisa se realizó la descripción del perfil de un suelo de una finca de Yaviza, Panamá y se determinaron algunas de sus propiedades físicas, químicas y microbiológicas. El suelo se clasificó como Gleysol vértico, debido a las características de diagnóstico encontradas: propiedades gléyicas a menos de 50 cm de profundidad y propiedades vérticas, tiene textura arcillosa, no estaba compactado y el contenido de materia orgánica y las reservas de carbono orgánico del suelo fueron bajas. El pH fue ácido en todo el perfil; sin embargo, la capacidad de intercambio catiónico efectiva osciló entre alta y media, con predominio de los iones Ca2+ y Mg2+ y un elevado porcentaje de saturación por bases. Excepto la relación Ca/Mg, que osciló entre 2 y 6, las demás relaciones internutrientes estuvieron fuera de rango. Las concentraciones de microelementos y de aluminio cambiable fueron bajas o medias. Al analizar la abundancia relativa de microorganismos se encontró que los filos más abundantes fueron Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Firmicutes y Acidobacteria, todos del dominio Bacteria y del Reino Fungi se observó el predominio del filo Ascomycota, seguido de Basidiomycota y Rozellomycota. Es necesario corregir el desequilibrio entre los nutrientes y chequear la evolución de estas propiedades durante la explotación agrícola del área en estudio.

14.

Situational diagnosis of professionals of family health units on phytotherapy
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Bezerra, A. S. C. E.

; Franco, S. P. B.

; Mousinho, K. C.

; Fonseca, S. A.

; Matos-Rocha, T. J.

; Pavão, J. M. S. J.

; Santos, A. F.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Set 2021, Volume 81 Nº 3 Páginas 551 - 556

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo A incorporação do uso da fitoterapia na atenção primária à saúde é um ganho importante para o Sistema Único de Saúde, além da redução do custo no tratamento do paciente, resgata o conhecimento popular e promove o uso racional das plantas medicinas. Determinar o perfil diagnóstico situacional dos profissionais de unidades de saúde da família sobre fitoterapia. Foi realizado um estudo observacional quantitativo, no qual foram aplicados formulários para a equipe das unidades de saúde da família do município de Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca/Alagoas. Apenas 23% dos profissionais entrevistados afirmaram ter tido contato com informações científicas sobre fitoterapia durante a formação profissional. Todos aprovam a implantação da prática oficial da fitoterapia e prescrevem rotineiramente fitoterápicos e plantas medicinais, entretanto desconhecem os possíveis riscos de interação medicamentosa com o uso das plantas medicinas. Os profissionais de saúde apoiam a prática oficial da fitoterapia na saúde pública e demonstram interesse em participar de cursos/treinamentos sobre a temática para melhor atender a população.

Abstract The incorporation of the use of phytotherapy in the primary health care is an important gain for the Unified Health System, besides reducing the cost in the treatment of the patient, rescues the popular knowledge and promotes the rational use of the medicinal plants. To determine the situational diagnostic profile of professionals of family health units on phytotherapy. A quantitative observational study was carried out, in which forms were applied to the team of the family health units of the municipality of Marechal Deodoro da Fonseca/Alagoas. Only 23% of the interviewed professionals reported having had contact with scientific information on phytotherapy during professional training. All of them approve the implantation of the official practice of phytotherapy and routinely prescribe phytotherapics and medicinal plants, but they do not know the possible risks of drug interaction with the use of medicinal plants. Health professionals Health professionals support the official practice of phytotherapy in public health and show interest in participating in courses / training on the subject to better serve the population.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.224763 1032 downloads

15.

Allergic sensitization pattern of patients in Brazil
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Aranda, Carolina Sanchez

; Cocco, Renata R.

; Pierotti, Felipe F.

; Sarinho, Emanuel

; Sano, Flávio

; Porto, Arnaldo

; Rosário, Nelson

; Chong Neto, Herberto J.

; Goudouris, Ekaterini

; Moraes, Lillian S.

; Wandalsen, Neusa F.

; Mallozi, Marcia C.

; Pastorino, Antônio C.

; Franco, Jackeline M.

; Chavarria, Maria L.

; Borres, Magnus

; Solé, Dirceu

Jornal de Pediatria

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Ago 2021, Volume 97 Nº 4 Páginas 387 - 395

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Objective Allergic sensitization is one of the key components for the development of allergies. Polysensitization seems to be related to the persistence and severity of allergic diseases. Furthermore, allergic sensitization has a predictive role in the development of allergies. The aim of this study was to characterize the pattern of sensitization of atopic patients treated at different pediatric allergy referral centers in Brazil. Methods A nation-wide transversal multicenter study collected data on patients attended in Brazil. Peripheral blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of allergen-specific IgE. If allergen-specific IgE was higher than 0.1 kUA/L, the following specific components were quantified. Results A total of 470 individuals were enrolled in the study. Mite sensitization was the most frequent kind in all participants. A high frequency of sensitization to furry animals and grasses featured in the respiratory allergies. Regarding components, there was a predominance of sensitization to Der p 1 and Der p 2. It has been verified that having a food allergy, atopic dermatitis, or multimorbidity are risk factors for the development of more severe allergic disease. Conclusion Studies on the pattern of allergic sensitization to a specific population offer tools for the more effectual prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of allergic diseases. Sensitization to dust mites house was the most prevalent in the evaluated sample. High rates of sensitization to furry animals also stand out. Patients with food allergy, atopic dermatitis, or multimorbidity appear to be at greater risk for developing more severe allergic diseases.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2020.08.005 84 downloads

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