ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the in vitro gas production from three pearl millet cultivars submitted to four nitrogen levels. The treatments consisted of three pearl millet cultivars (ADR 500, ADR 7020, and LABH 70732) and four nitrogen levels (0, 50, 100, and 200 kg/ha), using urea as the nitrogen source. A 3 x 4 factorial experimental design, employing a randomized block setup, was used to assess both gas production and digestibility. No interaction was observed between nitrogen doses and fermentative parameters on in vitro gas production from the dry matter of pearl millet cultivars. Nitrogen had no impact on the dry matter content or chemical composition of the cultivars. Consistency prevailed in the chemical composition across the various cultivars, a trend that extended to the gas production rates for both soluble and insoluble contents. Notably, nitrogen fertilizer exerted an influence on the fermentation pattern of organic matter, gas production, and lag time for the cultivars. Nitrogen fertilization is advised solely for enhancing fermentative attributes in the case of the cultivar ADR 7020. 500 7020 70732 0, 0 (0 50 100 20 kg/ha, kgha kg/ha , kg ha kg/ha) source design setup digestibility contents Notably 702 7073 ( 5 10 2 70 707 1 7

RESUMO Objetivou-se avaliar a produção “in vitro” de gás de três cultivares de milheto forrageiro sob adubação nitrogenada. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por três cultivares de milheto: (ADR 500, ADR 7020 e LABH 70732) e quatro doses de N(ureia) (0; 50; 100 e 200 kg/ha). Para as avaliações da produção de gases e digestibilidade o delineamento experimental foi blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 3 x 4, com quatro repetições. Não houve interação entre as doses de adubação nitrogenada e os parâmetros fermentativos da produção de gases “in vitro” da matéria seca das cultivares de milheto. A adubação nitrogenada não influenciou os teores de matéria seca ou a composição bromatológica das cultivares. Não houve diferenças na composição bromatológica entre as cultivares. O mesmo foi observado para as taxas de produção de gás a partir do conteúdo solúvel e insolúvel. A adubação nitrogenada influenciou o padrão de fermentação, a produção de gases e o tempo de colonização por bactérias da matéria orgânica das três cultivares. A adubação nitrogenada é recomendada para incrementar as características fermentativas apenas da cultivar ADR 7020. Objetivouse Objetivou se in vitro 500 702 70732 Nureia N ureia N(ureia 0 (0 50 10 20 kg/ha. kgha kg/ha . kg ha kg/ha) 4 repetições insolúvel fermentação 70 7073 ( 5 1 2 7 707

ABSTRACT The article analyzes whether there is an association between inequality in the infrastructure of municipal schools (EMEIs) in Belo Horizonte regarding i) location, ii) the type of management and iii) the correction to information provided to the School Census 2019. We also compared the data from the School Census with economic indicators and on-site visits. We found that the territorial distribution of EMEIs and the type of administration affect the degree of school infrastructure adequacy. However, these variables showed few explanatory powers to the inequalities seen in the School Census. On the other hand, we identified discrepancies between the data filled out by the educational units and the information verified in local visits. (EMEIs i location ii iii 2019 onsite on site visits adequacy However hand 201 20 2

RESUMO O artigo analisa se há associação da desigualdade na infraestrutura das escolas municipais de educação infantil (EMEIs) de Belo Horizonte quanto i) à localização, ii) ao tipo de gestão e iii) à correção de informação censitária prestada, em relação ao ano de 2019. Os dados do Censo Escolar foram cotejados com indicadores econômicos e visitas in loco. Verificou-se que a distribuição territorial das EMEIs e o tipo de administração têm repercussões no grau de adequação de infraestrutura das escolas. Porém, essas variáveis apresentaram pouco poder explicativo para as desigualdades encontradas no Censo Escolar daquele ano. Em contrapartida, identificou-se discrepâncias entre os dados preenchidos pelas unidades educacionais e as informações verificadas em visitas locais. (EMEIs i localização ii iii prestada 2019 loco Verificouse Verificou Porém contrapartida identificouse identificou locais 201 20 2

Abstract Haemonchus contortus is an important parasite in sheep and the abuse of anti-helminthics has resulted in a rapid resistance. Little is known about the abomasal microbiota in sheep and the relation to local parasitism. This study aimed to identify bacteria in the abomasum of sheep, through the abomasal content, abomasal mucosa, and adult H. contortus parasites, in high and low parasitism. Eight sheep naturally infected with H. contortus were classified as high (n = 4) and low infection (n = 4). Samples of abomasal contents, abomasal mucosa, and adult H. contortus parasites were collected. Samples were pooled to form six groups, three in each level of parasitism: high infection/abomasal contents (HC), high infection/mucosa (HM), high infection/parasites (HP); low infection/abomasal contents (LC), low infection/mucosa (LM), and low infection/parasites (LP). Molecular identification of bacteria was performed by the amplification and sequencing of the 16S rRNA bacterial gene. A similar distribution of phyla was observed between pools HC/LC and HP/LP. For pools HM/LM, there was a significant difference (p = 0.01) in the proportion of phyla observed. The bacterial phyla predominant for libraries HC/LC were Firmicutes (82% and 62%) and Bacteroidetes (10.4% and 17.6%); for HM/LM, Firmicutes (76.9% and 56%) and Proteobacteria (10.2% and 38.4%); and for HP/LP, Proteobacteria (42.8% and 55%) and Firmicutes (31.6% and 40%). We observed differences about the samples analyzed, suggesting that there are various bacterial communities closely associated with the different materials analyzed, even from the close environment. antihelminthics anti helminthics resistance parasitism content mucosa H n 4 4. . collected groups infectionabomasal HC, HC , (HC) infectionmucosa HM, HM (HM) infectionparasites HP (HP) LC, LC (LC) LM, LM (LM) LP. LP (LP) S gene HCLC HPLP HP/LP HMLM HM/LM p 0.01 001 0 01 82% 82 (82 62% 62 10.4% 104 10 (10.4 17.6% 176 17 6 17.6%) 76.9% 769 76 9 (76.9 56% 56 10.2% 102 2 (10.2 38.4% 384 38 38.4%) 42.8% 428 42 8 (42.8 55% 55 31.6% 316 31 (31.6 40%. 40 40% 40%) analyzed environment (HC (HM (HP (LC (LM (LP 0.0 00 (8 10.4 1 (10. 17.6 76.9 7 (76. 5 10.2 38.4 3 42.8 (42. 31.6 (31. 0. ( 10. (10 17. 76. (76 38. 42. (42 31. (31 (1 (7 (4 (3

ABSTRACT We present a case of a patient complaining of monocular diplopia due to a decentered ablation after LASIK. The patient underwent a wavefront-guided retreatment, which resulted in an epithelial ingrowth complication. Additionally, the patient developed cataract, with cataract surgery requiring reliable biometric measurements. Therefore, we opted for corneal treatment and corneal surface regularization. Although we attempted to lift the flap and wash the interface initially, the procedure proved unsuccessful, thereby necessitating immediate flap amputation. Once the corneal surface was regularized in the seventh postoperative month, transepithelial photorefractive keratectomy was successfully performed to homogenize the ocular surface, thereby significantly improving the patient’s corrected visual acuity and resolving monocular diplopia. The surface and corneal curvature stabilized by the fifth month after the procedure. Phacoemulsification was then performed along with the implantation of a toric monofocal lens, which was selected using an appropriate formula, resulting in an excellent uncorrected visual acuity. LASIK wavefrontguided wavefront guided retreatment complication Additionally measurements Therefore regularization initially unsuccessful amputation patients s lens formula

ABSTRACT Purpose Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) is one of the possible outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and also in the population hospitalized for the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Thus, knowing the predictive risk factors for OD may help with referral and early intervention. This study aimed to verify the association of different factors with OD in hospitalized individuals with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19. Methods Cross-sectional clinical study approved by the Research Ethics Committee (4,521,771). Clinical evaluation of swallowing was carried out in 72 adult patients with cardiovascular disease and COVID-19 hospitalized from April to September 2020. Individuals under 18 years of age and without previous cardiovascular disease were excluded. The presence of general clinical and/or neurological complications, pronation, stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), orotracheal intubation (OTI), tracheostomy tube, oxygen support and age were considered as predictive risk factors for oropharyngeal dysphagia. Fisher's exact test, Mann Whitney test and logistic regression model were used for analysis. Results General clinical complications (p=0.001), pronation (p=0.003), ICU stay (p=0.043), in addition to the need for oxygen supplementation (p=0.023) and age (p= 0 .037) were statistically significant factors associated. The pronation (0.013) and age (0.038) were independently associated with dysphagia. OTI (p=0.208), tracheostomy (p=0.707) and the presence of previous cerebrovascular accidents (p=0.493) were not statistically significant. Conclusion In this study, age and prone position were factors independently associated with oropharyngeal dysphagia, complications such as the need for oxygen supplementation, in addition to the need for ICU admission, were also associated factors in the population. (OD COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Thus intervention COVID19. 19. Crosssectional Cross sectional 4,521,771. 4521771 4,521,771 . 4 521 771 (4,521,771) 7 2020 1 excluded andor or ICU, , (ICU) OTI, (OTI) tube Fishers Fisher s analysis p=0.001, p0001 p p=0.001 001 (p=0.001) p=0.003, p0003 p=0.003 003 (p=0.003) p=0.043, p0043 p=0.043 043 (p=0.043) p=0.023 p0023 023 (p=0.023 p= (p .037 037 0.013 0013 013 (0.013 0.038 0038 038 (0.038 p=0.208, p0208 p=0.208 208 (p=0.208) p=0.707 p0707 707 (p=0.707 p=0.493 p0493 493 (p=0.493 admission COVID1 COVID- 452177 4,521,77 52 77 (4,521,771 202 (ICU (OTI p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.001 (p=0.003 p004 p=0.04 04 (p=0.043 p=0.02 p002 02 (p=0.02 .03 03 0.01 01 (0.01 0.03 (0.03 p020 p=0.20 20 (p=0.208 p=0.70 p070 70 (p=0.70 p=0.49 p049 49 (p=0.49 45217 4,521,7 5 (4,521,77 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 (p=0.04 (p=0.0 .0 0.0 (0.0 p02 p=0.2 2 (p=0.20 p=0.7 p07 (p=0.7 p=0.4 p04 (p=0.4 4521 4,521, (4,521,7 p0 p=0. (p=0. 0. (0. (p=0.2 452 4,521 (4,521, p=0 (p=0 (0 45 4,52 (4,521 ( 4,5 (4,52 4, (4,5 (4, (4

Abstract Introduction Perianal fistula is a common colorectal disease which is caused mainly by cryptoglandular disease. Although most cases are treated successfully by surgery, management of complex perianal fistulas (CPAF) remains a challenge with limited results in recurrence and sometimes associated with fecal incontinence. The CPAF treatment with autologous adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) had become a research hotspot. The technique started to be used in the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) fistulas, where the studies showed safe and goods result from the procedure. Cultured ASCs have been used but this approach requires the preceding collection of adipose tissue, time for isolation of ASCs and subsequent in vitro expansion, need for laboratory facilities, and expertise in cell culturing. These factors have been getting over by using the commercially available alternative, allogenic ASCs. Treatment with allogeneic ASCs has shown good results in patients with CD fistulas, however with the disadvantage of being expensive. Objective To show that the injection with freshly collected adipose tissue is an alternative to treatment with autologous or allogenic ASCs with several advantages. Methods: In this case report, we show our first experience in the treatment of CPAF with the application of collected adipose tissue in a tertiary referral hospital from Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Results The patient had a good postoperative recuperation with a complete fistula healing after 8 months without adverse effects. Conclusion Injection with freshly collected adipose tissue is a promising and apparently safe sphincter-sparing technique in the treatment of CPAF. surgery (CPAF incontinence adiposederived derived (ASCs hotspot Crohns Crohn s (CD procedure expansion facilities culturing expensive advantages Methods report Horizonte Brazil effects sphinctersparing sphincter sparing

ABSTRACT COVID-19 is commonly associated with high serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and the post-infection status can disturb self-tolerance and trigger autoimmune responses. We are reporting a 45-year-old male who was admitted with fatigue, jaundice, elevated liver enzymes (with cholestatic pattern), and acute kidney injury two weeks after recovering from a mild SARS-CoV-2 infection. Serologies for viral hepatitis and anti-mitochondrial antibody were negative, while anti-nuclear and anti-smooth muscle antibodies were positive. There were no signs of chronic liver disease, and a magnetic resonance cholangiography showed no dilatation of biliary ducts. Histologic evaluation of the liver evidenced numerous foci of lobular necrosis without ductopenia or portal biliary reaction. Considering the autoantibody profile and histologic changes, the medical team started oral prednisone, but there was a suboptimal biochemical response in the outpatient follow-up. Two months later, a second liver biopsy was performed and revealed non-suppurative destructive chronic cholangitis, extensive areas of confluent necrosis with hepatocytes regenerating into pseudorosettes, and numerous plasma cells. According to the Paris Criteria, the patient was then diagnosed with an autoimmune hepatitis-primary biliary cholangitis overlap syndrome (AIH-PBC-OS). After adding azathioprine and ursodeoxycholic acid to the treatment, there was a satisfactory response. This is the second worldwide report of an AIH-PBC-OS triggered by COVID-19, but the first case with a negative anti-mitochondrial antibody. In this setting, histologic evaluation of the liver by an experienced pathologist is a hallmark of achieving the diagnosis and correctly treat the patient. COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 proinflammatory pro inflammatory cytokines postinfection post infection selftolerance self tolerance responses 45yearold yearold 45 year old fatigue jaundice pattern, pattern , pattern) SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- antimitochondrial anti mitochondrial antinuclear nuclear antismooth smooth positive disease ducts reaction changes prednisone followup. followup follow up. up follow-up later nonsuppurative non suppurative pseudorosettes cells Criteria hepatitisprimary primary AIHPBCOS. AIHPBCOS AIH PBC OS . (AIH-PBC-OS) treatment COVID19, 19, setting COVID1 1 COVID- 4 SARS-CoV (AIH-PBC-OS

ABSTRACT Purpose: To compare laparoscopic gynecological surgery training between a developed country’s reference center (host center) and a public reference service in a developing country (home center), and use the technicity index (TI) to compare outcomes and to determine the impact of laparoscopic gynecological surgery fellowship training on the home center’s TI. Methods: The impact of training on the home center was assessed by comparing surgical performance before and after training. TI was assessed in 2017 in the host center, and before and after training in the home center. Epidemiological and clinical data, and information on reason for surgery, preoperative images, estimated intraoperative bleeding, operative time, surgical specimen weight, hospital stay length, complication and reintervention rates were collected from both institutions. Home center pre-training data were retrospectively collected between 2010 and 2013, while post-training data were prospectively collected between 2015 and 2017. A two-tail Z-score was used for TI comparison. Results: The analysis included 366 hysterectomies performed at the host center in 2017, and 663 hysterectomies performed at the home center between 2015 and 2017. TI in the host center was 82.5%, while in the home center it was 6% before training and 22% after training. There were no statistical differences in length of hospital stay, preoperative uterine volume, surgical specimen weight and complication rate between centers. However, significantly shorter mean operative time and lower blood loss during surgery were observed in the host center. Conclusions: High-quality laparoscopic training in a world-renowned specialized center allowed standardizing laparoscopic hysterectomy procedures and helped to significantly improve TI in the recipient’s center with comparable surgical outcomes. Purpose countrys s , (TI centers Methods 201 images bleeding institutions pretraining pre 2013 posttraining post twotail two tail Zscore Z score comparison Results 36 66 825 82 5 82.5% 6 22 volume However Conclusions Highquality High quality worldrenowned world renowned recipients recipient 20 3 8 82.5 2 82.

ABSTRACT Introduction: colonoscopy is the best method for detecting polyps, with a reduction in colorectal cancer mortality of 29% and reaching 47% for distal tumors. However, it fails to demonstrate a significant reduction in proximal colon cancer mortality, and is the most common segment with interval neoplasm. The present study aimed to evaluate the impact on detection of polyps of a second sequential evaluation of cecum and ascending colon, with or without the use of indigo carmine chromoendoscopy. Methods: prospective, non-randomized clinical trial. Patients were divided into two groups. The first (G1) underwent a routine colonoscopy, followed by a second endoscopy assessment of ascending colon and cecum. The second group (G2) underwent a routine colonoscopy, followed by a second assessment of the ascending colon and cecum with indigo carmine chromoendoscopy. Results: In total, 203 patients were analyzed, 101 in the G1 and 102 in the G2. Newer polyps were identified in both groups after the second assessment with a significantly higher number of polyps detected in the patients in the G2 (p=0.0001). The number of patients who had at least one polyp in the two endoscopic assessments was significantly higher in the G2 (53 or 52% vs 27 or 26.7%, p=0.0002). In the second endoscopic assessment, the number of polyps found was also significantly higher in the G2 (50 or 76.9%) compared to the G1 (15 or 23.1%), p<0.0001. Conclusions: the second assessment with dye-based chromoendoscopy increases the detection of polyps in the ascending colon and cecum. Introduction 29 47 tumors However neoplasm Methods prospective nonrandomized non randomized trial G (G1 (G2 Results total 20 analyzed 10 p=0.0001. p00001 p p=0.0001 . 0 0001 (p=0.0001) 53 (5 52 2 267 26 7 26.7% p=0.0002. p00002 p=0.0002 0002 p=0.0002) 50 76.9% 769 76 9 15 (1 23.1%, 231 23.1% , 23 1 23.1%) p<0.0001 Conclusions dyebased dye based 4 (G p0000 p=0.000 000 (p=0.0001 5 ( 26.7 76.9 23.1 p<0.000 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.000 26. 76. 23. p<0.00 p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 p<0.0 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p<0. p=0 (p=0. p<0 p= (p=0 p< (p= (p

RESUMO Introdução: a colonoscopia é o melhor método para detecção de pólipos, com redução da mortalidade por câncer colorretal de 29% e chegando até 47% para tumores distais. No entanto, existe falha em demonstrar redução significativa na mortalidade no cólon proximal sendo o segmento mais comum de neoplasia de intervalo. O presente estudo avaliou o impacto na detecção de pólipos em uma segunda avaliação sequencial do ceco e cólon ascendente, com ou sem o uso de cromoendoscopia com Indigo carmim. Métodos: estudo prospectivo, não randomizado. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos. O primeiro (G1) foi submetido à colonoscopia de rotina, seguida de segunda avaliação endoscópica do cólon ascendente e ceco. O segundo grupo (G2) foi submetido à colonoscopia de rotina, seguida de segunda avaliação do cólon ascendente e ceco com cromoendoscopia com índigo carmim. Resultados: no total, foram analisados 203 pacientes, sendo 101 do G1 e 102 do G2. Novos pólipos foram identificados em ambos os grupos após a segunda avaliação com número significativamente maior de pólipos detectados nos pacientes do G2 (p=0,0001). O número de pacientes que apresentaram pelo menos um pólipo nas duas avaliações endoscópicas foi significativamente maior no G2 (53 ou 52% vs 27 ou 26,7%, p=0,0002). Na segunda avaliação endoscópica, o número de pólipos encontrados também foi significativamente maior no G2 (50 ou 76,9%) em relação ao G1 (15 ou 23,1%), p<0,000. Conclusão: a segunda avaliação com cromoendoscopia com índigo carmim aumenta a detecção de pólipos no cólon ascendente e no ceco. Introdução 29 47 distais entanto intervalo Métodos prospectivo randomizado G (G1 rotina (G2 Resultados total 20 10 p=0,0001. p00001 p p=0,0001 . 0 0001 (p=0,0001) 53 (5 52 2 267 26 7 26,7% p=0,0002. p00002 p=0,0002 0002 p=0,0002) 50 76,9% 769 76 9 15 (1 23,1%, 231 23,1% , 23 1 23,1%) p0000 000 p<0,000 Conclusão 4 (G p=0,000 (p=0,0001 5 ( 26,7 76,9 23,1 p000 00 p<0,00 p=0,00 (p=0,000 26, 76, 23, p00 p<0,0 p=0,0 (p=0,00 p0 p<0, p=0, (p=0,0 p<0 p=0 (p=0, p< p= (p=0 (p= (p

RESUMO Contexto: O carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) é o tumor maligno hepático mais comum, e a cirrose é o principal fator de risco para o seu desenvolvimento. Objetivo: Avaliar o papel da medição da rigidez hepática por elastografia transitória (ET) como fator de risco para ocorrência de CHC em uma coorte prospectiva de pacientes brasileiros com cirrose por vírus da hepatite C (VHC). Métodos: Um total de 99 pacientes com VHC e medida de rigidez hepática ≥12 kilopascals (kPa) foram incluídos consecutivamente, entre 2011 e 2016. As variáveis do baseline foram avaliadas e a ocorrência de CHC foi documentada. Os testes de Kaplan-Meier e log-rank, além das análises uni e multivariadas de Cox avaliaram a associação entre as variáveis e os resultados clínicos. Resultados: A média de idade foi de 57,8±10,6 anos. Vinte (20,2%) pacientes desenvolveram CHC, num período médio de seguimento de 3,3 anos. Na análise de regressão logística univariada, as variáveis associadas à ocorrência de CHC foram: contagem de plaquetas mais baixa (P=0,0446), valores séricos mais elevados de alfa-fetoproteína (P=0,0041) e de bilirrubina (P=0,0008), maior pontuação do escore MELD (P=0,0068) e valores mais altos de rigidez hepática por ET (P=0,0354). A medição da rigidez hepática por ET foi independentemente associada ao desenvolvimento de CHC, e o melhor valor de corte para maior risco de CHC foi >21,1kPa (HR: 5,548; IC95%: 1,244-24,766; P=0,025). Conclusão: Um alto valor de rigidez hepática está relacionado substancialmente a um risco aumentado de ocorrência de CHC em pacientes brasileiros com cirrose por HCV.

ABSTRACT Background: Evaluate the role of liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by transient elastography (TE) as a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurrence in a prospective cohort of Brazilian hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients with cirrhosis. Methods: A cohort of 99 consecutive HCV patients was included between 2011 and 2016 with baseline LSM ≥12 kilopascals (kPa). Baseline variables were evaluated and HCC occurrence was documented. Kaplan-Meier methods with a log-rank test and the use of cox univariate and multivariate analysis assessed the association between variables and clinical results. Results: The mean age was 57.8±10.6 years. In a follow-up over a mean of 3.3 years, 20 (20.2%) patients developed HCC. In univariate logistic regression analysis, variables associated with HCC occurrence were: lower platelet count (P=0.0446), higher serum alpha-fetoprotein (P=0.0041) and bilirubin (P=0.0008) values, higher Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score (P=0.0068) and higher LSM (P=0.0354). LSM evaluated by TE was independently associated with HCC development, and the best cut-off value for higher HCC risk was >21.1 kPa (HR: 5.548; 95%CI: 1.244-24.766; P=0.025). Conclusion: A high value of liver stiffness relates substantially to an increased risk for HCC occurrence in Brazilian patients with cirrhosis due to HCV.

RESUMO Objetivo: Estabelecer valores normativos e uma equação de referência para o número de degraus subidos no teste do degrau de seis minutos (TD6) em adultos saudáveis, bem como avaliar a confiabilidade do teste e da equação. Métodos: Estudo transversal multicêntrico com 468 voluntários saudáveis (faixa etária: 18-79 anos) recrutados na comunidade geral em seis laboratórios de pesquisa em diferentes regiões do Brasil, um país de dimensões continentais. O TD6 foi realizado duas vezes (com 30 min de intervalo entre uma e outra), e foram avaliadas variáveis clínicas, demográficas e funcionais. Uma amostra independente composta por 24 voluntários foi avaliada para testar a equação de referência a posteriori. Resultados: O número de degraus subidos apresentou excelente confiabilidade teste-reteste [coeficiente de correlação intraclasse = 0,96 (IC95%: 0,95-0,97)], e a média de degraus subidos foi de 175 ± 45, sendo 14% maior no sexo masculino. O melhor desempenho no teste correlacionou-se com as seguintes variáveis: idade (r = −0,60), sexo (r = 0,28), peso (r = 0,13), estatura (r = 0,41), IMC (r = −0,22), circunferência da cintura (r = −0,22), circunferência da coxa (r = 0,15), CVF (r = 0,54) e nível de atividade física (r = 0,17; p < 0,05 para todos). Na análise de regressão, idade, sexo, estatura e peso explicaram 42% da variabilidade do TD6. Foram estabelecidos valores normativos para o TD6 de acordo com a idade e o sexo. Não houve diferença entre os valores do TD6 na amostra independente e os valores previstos (157 ± 29 vs. 161 ± 25 degraus subidos; p = 0,47; 97% dos valores previstos). Conclusões: Os valores normativos e a equação de referência para o TD6 neste estudo parecem adequados para predizer com precisão o desempenho físico funcional em adultos no Brasil.

ABSTRACT Objective: To establish normative values and a reference equation for the number of steps climbed during the six-minute step test (6MST) in healthy adults, and to assess the reliability of the test and of the equation. Methods: This was a multicenter cross-sectional study involving 468 healthy volunteers (age range: 18-79 years) recruited from the general community in six research laboratories across different regions of Brazil, which is a country with continental dimensions. The 6MST was performed twice (30-min interval), and clinical, demographic, and functional variables were evaluated. An independent sample of 24 volunteers was evaluated to test the reference equation a posteriori. Results: The number of steps had excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.96 [95%CI: 0.95-0.97]), and the mean number of steps was 175 ± 45, the number being 14% greater in males than in females. The best performance on the test was correlated with age (r = −0.60), sex (r = 0.28), weight (r = 0.13), height (r = 0.41), BMI (r = −0.22), waist circumference (r = −0.22), thigh circumference (r = 0.15), FVC (r = 0.54), and physical activity level (r = 0.17; p < 0.05 for all). In the regression analysis, age, sex, height, and weight explained 42% of the variability of the 6MST. Normative values were established for the 6MST according to age and sex. There was no difference between the 6MST values from the independent sample and its predicted values (157 ± 29 steps vs. 161 ± 25 steps; p = 0.47; 97% of predicted values). Conclusions: The normative values and the reference equation for the 6MST in this study seem adequate to accurately predict the physical functional performance in adults in Brazil.

ABSTRACT Background and aims: Treatment of hepatitis C with direct antiviral agents (DAA) is associated with almost 95% of sustained virological response. However, some patients need retreatment. In Brazil, it should be done according to the Ministry of Health guidelines, frequently updated to include newly available drugs. This study aimed to conduct a national survey about the characteristics and outcomes of retreatment of hepatitis C in previously non-responders to DAAs. Patients and methods: Institutions from all over the country were invited to participate in a national registry for retreatment, including information about clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients, type and outcomes of retreatment regimens. Only patients previously treated with interferon-free regimens were included. Results: As previous treatments the distribution was: SOF/DCV (56%), SOF/SIM (22%), 3D (11%), SOF/LED (6%) and SOF/RBV (5%). For retreatment the most frequently used drugs were SOF/GP (46%), SOF/DCV (23%) and SOF/VEL (11%). From 159 patients retreated, 132/159 (83%) had complete information in the registry and among them only seven patients were non-responders (SVR of 94.6%). All retreatments were well tolerated, without any serious adverse events or interruptions. Conclusion: The retreatment of patients previously non-responders to DAAs was associated with high rate of SVR in this sample of Brazilian patients. This finding allows us to conclude that the retreatment options available in the public health system in Brazil are effective and safe and are an important component of the strategy of elimination of hepatitis C in our country.

Abstract: COVID-19 rapidly spread across the world in an unprecedented outbreak with a massive number of infected and fatalities. The pandemic was heavily discussed and searched on the internet, which generated big amounts of data related to it. This led to the possibility of attempting to forecast coronavirus indicators using the internet data. For this study, Google Trends statistics for 124 selected search terms related to pandemic were used in an attempt to find which keywords had the best Spearman correlations with a lag, as well as a forecasting model. It was found that keywords related to coronavirus testing among some others, such as “I have contracted covid”, had high correlations (≥0.7) with few weeks of lag (≤4 weeks). Besides that, the ARIMAX model using those keywords had promising results in predicting the increase or decrease of epidemiological indicators, although it was not able to predict their exact values. Thus, we found that Google Trends data may be useful for predicting outbreaks of coronavirus a few weeks before they happen, and may be used as an auxiliary tool in monitoring and forecasting the disease in Brazil.

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to translate, adapt, and analyze the reliability of the Workplace Sitting Breaks Questionnaire (SITBRQ) for use in Brazil. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study. The translation and cross-cultural adaptation were conducted considering the following six phases: translation, synthesis of translations, back translation, analysis by a committee of experts, test of the pre-final version, and final version. We included workers aged 18 years or above, both genders, and able to understand, read, and write in Brazilian Portuguese. The final version was applied to workers in two moments (i.e., test and retest), with an interval of 7 days, for reliability calculation. RESULTS: In the translation and cross-cultural adaptation phase, the pre-final version was applied to a sample of 35 workers. For item a of the SITBRQ, there was 100% understanding by respondents, while item b was understood by 94.28%. The reliability phase was conducted with 115 workers. For both items, almost perfect was identified with kappa >0.81. CONCLUSIONS: The SITBRQ version into Brazilian Portuguese has adequate adaptation and excellent values of reliability.