Summary: In order to contribute to the knowledge concerning the asexual spread of Rubus idaeus L., we established an experiment where the objective was to evaluate, in two consecutive years (2017 and 2018), the effects of different concentrations of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and types of substrates over the propagation efficiency from root cuttings with different raspberry varieties under greenhouse conditions. Compost materials with a high content of organic matter, sand and a clay-loamy substrate were used as rooting medium, with concentrations of 1, 5 and 10 mEq L-1 of IBA. The variables evaluated were: production of new plants over time, percentage of survival of transplanted plants with IBA treatments and substrate efficiency. The results showed statistical differences in the dynamic production of new shoots in the varieties studied. The Heritage variety exhibited the greatest emission of new shoots from the root in the two years of study. The concentrations of IBA (1, 5 and 10 mEq L-1) affected the survival rate of the transplanted plants, where the control treatment showed the greatest survival efficiency. The substrate with a high content of organic matter was the most suitable depending on the rooting efficiency of transplanted plants in individual pots. We conclude that IBA applications affect the rooting efficiency in raspberry plants, this is due to the fact that these are very succulent plants, which limits the effect of the rooting hormone.

Resumen: Con el fin de contribuir al conocimiento sobre la propagación asexual de Rubus idaeus L., se estableció un experimento cuyo objetivo fue conocer, en dos años consecutivos (2017 y 2018), los efectos de tipos de sustratos y ácido indol-3-butírico (IBA), en la propagación de diferentes variedades frambuesa a partir de esquejes de raíz bajo condiciones de invernadero. Los sustratos utilizados como medio de enraizamiento de los esquejes fueron compost con alto contenido de materia orgánica, arena y un sustrato de textura franco arcillosa, los esquejes se trataron con IBA en concentraciones de 1, 5 y 10 mEq L-1. Las variables evaluadas fueron: producción de nuevas plantas a través del tiempo, porcentaje de sobrevivencia de plantas trasplantadas con tratamientos de IBA y eficiencia de los sustratos. Los resultados demostraron diferencias estadísticas en la producción dinámica de brotes nuevos en las variedades estudiadas. Comportándose la variedad “Heritage” con mayor emisión de brotes nuevos a partir de la raíz en los dos años de estudio. Las concentraciones de IBA 1, 5 y 10 mEq L-1 afectaron el porcentaje de sobrevivencia de las plantas trasplantadas, mostrando el tratamiento testigo mayor eficiencia de supervivencia. El sustrato con alto contenido de materia orgánica fue el más adecuado en función de la eficiencia de enraizamiento de plantas trasplantadas en macetas individuales. Se concluye que aplicaciones de IBA afectan la eficiencia de enraizamiento en plantas de frambuesa, considerando que son plantas muy suculentas, lo cual limita el efecto de la hormona de enraizamiento.

ABSTRACT Intensive horticultural crop production usually involves challenges from excessive application of fertilizer, mainly nitrogen (N). The effect of N fertilizer on the fruit quality and antioxidant status of two cherry tomato cultivars (Caballero and Victoria) under greenhouse conditions was performed. Nitrogen treatments were applied ranging from conditions comprising deficiency to toxicity (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 mmol∙L-1). Yield, weight, diameter, fruit quality, phenols, flavonoids, lycopene, ascorbic acid and antioxidant capacity were measured at physiological maturity of the fresh tomato fruits. N treatment with 30 mmol∙L-1 produced the highest yield, fruit weight, firmness and diameter in both cultivars. However, increasing N from 30 to 60 mmol∙L-1 increased the concentration of phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity by 50, 125 and 33% in ‘Caballero’ tomatoes and by 60, 95 and 24% in ‘Victoria’ tomatoes, respectively. Lycopene content increased with increasing N doses (45 and 60 mmol∙L-1) for ‘Caballero’ tomatoes, while vitamin C decreased as N concentration increased, suggesting that ascorbic acid acts by protecting against oxidative stress in tomato. The present work shows how N fertilization considerably influences yield and quality of tomatoes, as well as nutritional and healthy values.