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Iron and vitamin D intake on a diet are able to modify the in vitro immune response to Mycobacterium leprae
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Martins, Bruna Letícia

; Perico, Jonatas Bertoluci, Daniele Ferreira de Faria Barbosa, Adriana Sierra Assencio Almeida Rosa, Patricia Sammarco Nogueira, Maria Renata Sales Souza, Vânia Nieto Brito de Latini, Ana Carla Pereira

Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz

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2024, Volume 119 elocation e230178

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

BACKGROUND The impact of nutrient availability on the survival of Mycobacterium leprae and the development of leprosy remains largely unknown. Iron is essential for the survival and replication of pathogens, while vitamin D has been involved with pathogen elimination and immunoregulation. OBJECTIVES We evaluated the influence of dietary iron and vitamin D supplementation and restriction on the inflammatory response of mouse immune cells in vitro. METHODS After 30 days of standard or modified diets, peritoneal cells and splenocytes were stimulated with the alive microorganisms and sonicated antigens of M. leprae, respectively. The production of inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species, and cell proliferation were evaluated. FINDINGS In peritoneal cells, vitamin D supplementation and iron restriction reduced the production of IL-6 and TNF in response to M. leprae, while splenocytes presented a reduction in TNF production under the same conditions. Lower levels of IFN-γ and TNF were observed in both iron-supplemented and iron-deficient splenocytes. Besides, iron supplementation also reduced the production of IL-6 and IL-10. No changes in the production of reactive oxygen species or in cell proliferation were observed related to different diets. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Taken together, these data point to an interference of the status of these nutrients on the interaction between the host and M. leprae, with the potential to interfere with the progression of leprosy. Our results highlight the impact of nutritional aspects on this neglected disease, which is significantly associated with unfavourable social conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0074-02760230178

Praça do Derby, o pitoresco jardim recifense
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SILVA, JOELMIR MARQUES DA

; SILVA, JÔNATAS SOUZA MEDEIROS DA

; FERREIRA, ITALO CINTRA

; SILVA, POLLYANA MARTINS DA

Anais do Museu Paulista: História e Cultura Material

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2024, Volume 32 elocation e5

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

ABSTRACT: Derby Square is a relevant public space in Recife, recognized as a historic garden and Brazilian cultural heritage due to Burle Marx’s intervention in the 1930s. However, its construction dates back to the 1920s, the period of modernization of the city, with scarce discussions, until now, about its initial design. This article aims to contribute to the historiographical process of Derby Square, focusing mainly on the 1920s and 1930s, ranging from its construction to Burle Marx’s remodeling. To this end, the technique of indirect documentation was adopted, using primary written and visual sources not yet discussed or published, allowing an investigation, recording, analysis, and interpretation of events and the formulation of a new narrative. With this research, it is understood that Derby Square can be interpreted as a palimpsest, in which the elements of the different periods that make up its history are also responsible for highlighting this garden as cultural heritage.

RESUMO: A Praça do Derby é um relevante espaço público do Recife, reconhecido como jardim histórico e patrimônio cultural brasileiro devido à intervenção de Burle Marx nos anos 1930. No entanto, sua construção remonta à década de 1920, período de modernização da cidade, pouco tendo se discutido, até o momento, sobre sua concepção inicial. Neste artigo busca-se contribuir para o processo historiográfico da Praça do Derby, com foco principalmente nas décadas de 1920 e 1930, que abrangem desde sua construção até a remodelação de Burle Marx. Para isso, foi adotada a técnica de documentação indireta, utilizando fontes primárias escritas e visuais ainda não discutidas ou publicadas, o que permite investigar, registrar, analisar e interpretar os acontecimentos, além de formular uma nova narrativa. Por meio desta pesquisa, entende-se que a Praça do Derby pode ser interpretada como um palimpsesto, no qual os elementos dos diferentes períodos que compõem sua história também são responsáveis por evidenciar esse jardim como patrimônio cultural.

https://doi.org/10.11606/1982-02672024v32e5

Enzootic transmission of Leishmania spp. in gallery forests of the Brazilian Cerrado
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Rapello, Aline

; Andrade, Andrey José de Nitz, Nadjar Minuzzi-Sousa, Thaís Tâmara Castro Vital, Tamires Emanuele Ferreira, Tauana de Sousa Rocha, Douglas de Almeida Obara, Marcos Takashi Timbó, Renata Velôzo Ferreira, Jônatas Barbosa Cavalcante Gurgel-Gonçalves, Rodrigo

Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária

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2024, Volume 33 Nº 4 elocation e011624

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Gallery forests harbor mammals and sand flies that may be involved in the transmission of Leishmania spp. parasites. Characterizing the enzootic cycles of Leishmania spp. is essential for understanding its transmission dynamics. We analyzed the presence of Leishmania spp. in mammals and sand flies in gallery forests during the dry season in the Cerrado. Four gallery forests were investigated in May and September 2014. Our capture effort included 1,280 HP trap-nights, 16 Shannon trap-nights for sand flies, and 5,120 trap-nights for mammals. After identifying the mammalian and sand fly species, SSU rRNA and ITS-1 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used to detect Leishmania spp. A total of 1,209 sand flies belonging to 13 species were captured, mainly Bichromomyia flaviscutellata. Leishmania spp. DNA was not detected in the analyzed sand fly females. PCR analysis of 153 mammals revealed Leishmania spp. in 20 samples (13%) in May (early dry season), when the infection rate was 31% in one gallery forest. The host species were Rhipidomys macrurus, Gracilinanus agilis, and Didelphis albiventris. We observed a low frequency of mammals infected with Leishmania spp., which was not detected in sand flies. Our results indicate that Leishmania spp. infection is higher in mammals during the early dry season in Cerrado gallery forests.

Resumo As matas de galeria abrigam mamíferos e flebotomíneos que podem estar envolvidos na transmissão de Leishmania. Caracterizar os ciclos enzoóticos de Leishmania spp. é essencial para entender a dinâmica da transmissão. Foi analisada a presença de Leishmania spp. em mamíferos e flebotomíneos em matas de galeria durante a estação seca no Cerrado. Quatro matas de galeria foram investigadas nos meses de maio e setembro. Nosso esforço de captura foi de 1.280 armadilhas-noite HP e 16 armadilhas-noite Shannon para flebotomíneos e 5.120 armadilhas-noite para mamíferos. Depois de identificar as espécies, realizamos PCRs direcionadas aos genes SSU rRNA e ITS-1 para detectar Leishmania spp. Capturou-se um total de 1.209 flebotomíneos pertencentes a 13 espécies, principalmente Bichromomyia flaviscutellata. Não foi detectado DNA de Leishmania spp. nas fêmeas de flebotomíneos analisadas. A PCR de 153 mamíferos revelou Leishmania spp. em 20 amostras (13%) em maio (início da estação seca), quando a taxa de infecção alcançou 31% em uma mata de galeria. Os hospedeiros pertenciam as espécies Rhipidomys macrurus, Gracilinanus agilis e Didelphis albiventris. Observou-se uma baixa frequência de mamíferos infectados por Leishmania spp., que não foi detectada em flebotomíneos. Os resultados indicam que a infecção por Leishmania spp. nos mamíferos é maior durante o início da estação seca nas matas de galeria do Cerrado.

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1984-29612024073

Genetic polymorphisms and their effects on the severity of silicosis in workers exposed to silica in Brazil
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Castro, Marcos César Santos de

; Nani, Angela Santos Ferreira

; Salum, Kaio Cezar Rodrigues

; Rolando, Jônatas de Mendonça

; Santos, Júlia Fernandes Barbosa dos

; Castro, Hermano Albuquerque de

; Ribeiro, Patrícia Canto

; Costa, Walter

; Mello, Cícero Brasileiro de

; Kohlrausch, Fabiana Barzotto

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2022, Volume 48 Nº 5 elocation e20220167

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Objetivo: A silicose é uma pneumoconiose caracterizada por fibrose do parênquima pulmonar causada por inalação de partículas de sílica. Fatores genéticos podem desempenhar um papel na gravidade da silicose. Nosso objetivo foi avaliar a influência de polimorfismos dos genes ACE, FAS, FASLG, NOS2, IL1RN, FAM13A, TGFB1 e TNF na gravidade da silicose. Métodos: Nove polimorfismos foram genotipados por meio de PCR em uma amostra composta por 143 pacientes com silicose no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Resultados: A silicose foi classificada em simples em 57 (40%) dos pacientes e em complicada, em 86 (60%). O genótipo TT do polimorfismo rs1800469 do gene TGFB1 teve efeito protetor contra a silicose complicada (OR = 0,35; IC95%: 0,14-0,92; p = 0,028) em comparação com os outros dois genótipos (CC+CT). O alelo T polimórfico do polimorfismo rs763110 do gene FASLG (OR = 0,56; IC95%: 0,31-0,99; p = 0,047) e um modelo dominante do alelo T (TT+CT: OR = 0,37; IC95%: 0,15-0,96; p = 0,037) também tiveram efeito protetor. Quando se compararam os pacientes que tinham silicose simples com um tempo maior de exposição à sílica (> 44.229 horas) àqueles que tinham silicose complicada com um tempo menor de exposição à sílica, o alelo T do polimorfismo rs763110 do gene FASLG (OR = 0,20; IC95%: 0,08-0,48; p < 0,0001) e modelos dominantes e recessivos (OR = 0,06; IC95%: 0,00-0,49; p = 0,01 e OR = 0,22; IC95%: 0,06-0,77; p = 0,014, respectivamente) tiveram efeito protetor contra a gravidade da silicose. Conclusões: Polimorfismos rs1800469 do gene TGFB1 e polimorfismos rs763110 do gene FASLG parecem estar envolvidos na gravidade da silicose. Como há poucos estudos que tenham estabelecido relações entre polimorfismos genéticos e a gravidade da silicose, esses resultados devem ser replicados em outras populações.

ABSTRACT Objective: Silicosis is a pneumoconiosis characterized by fibrosis of the lung parenchyma caused by inhalation of silica particles. Genetic factors might play a role in the severity silicosis. We sought to evaluate the influence of polymorphisms in the ACE, FAS, FASLG, NOS2, IL1RN, FAM13A, TGFB1, and TNF genes on the severity of silicosis. Methods: Nine polymorphisms were genotyped by PCR in a sample of 143 patients with silicosis in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Results: Fifty-seven patients (40%) were classified as having simple silicosis and 86 (60%) were classified as having complicated silicosis. The TT genotype of rs1800469 in the TGFB1 gene showed a protective effect for complicated silicosis (OR = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.14-0.92; p = 0.028) when compared with the other two genotypes (CC+CT). The polymorphic T allele of rs763110 in the FASLG gene (OR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.31-0.99; p = 0.047), as well as a dominant model for the T allele (TT+CT: OR = 0.37; 95% CI, 0.15-0.96; p = 0.037), also showed a protective effect. When patients with simple silicosis despite having been exposed to silica for a longer time (> 44,229 hours) were compared with patients with complicated silicosis despite having been exposed to silica for a shorter time, the T allele of rs763110 in the FASLG gene (OR = 0.20; 95% CI, 0.08-0.48; p < 0.0001), as well as dominant and recessive models (OR = 0.06; 95% CI, 0.00-0.49; p = 0.01 and OR = 0.22; 95% CI, 0.06-0.77; p = 0.014, respectively), showed a protective effect against the severity of silicosis. Conclusions: It appears that rs1800469 polymorphisms in the TGFB1 gene and rs763110 polymorphisms in the FASLG gene are involved in the severity of silicosis. Given the lack of studies relating genetic polymorphisms to the severity of silicosis, these results should be replicated in other populations.

https://doi.org/10.36416/1806-3756/e20220167

Combined legume and non-legume residues management improve soil organic matter on an Oxisol in Brazil
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Silva, Jônatas Pedro da

; Lustosa Filho, José Ferreira

; Teixeira, Rafael da Silva

; Xavier, Ana Márcia Tresinari

; Silva, Ivo Ribeiro da

; Soares, Emanuelle Mercês Barros

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo

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2022, Volume 46 elocation e0220077

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Understanding soil organic matter (SOM) dynamics in production systems on tropical soils is necessary to guide strategies to increase SOM formation. This study aimed to evaluate soil carbon (C) dynamics by combining applications of different plant residues used on tropical soils. An incubation study was carried out with and without adding millet (Pennisetum americanum) residues combined with six crop residues (legumes and non-legumes); and one additional treatment with only millet residue. Higher C-CO2 fluxes recorded in jack bean, sunflower and velvet bean residues were correlated with high soluble compound contents (49.5, 49.6 and 32.1 %, respectively). Adding millet residues resulted in positive PE for all residue combinations. Soils without millet, except jack bean, had a negative PE. Residues application promoted four times increase in C-POM content (from 1.04 to 4.2 g kg-1 soil). The C-MAOM content had 2.4 times increase, being more expressive due to its high initial content (from 15.3 to 37.3 g kg-1 soil). The comparison between the final C contents in the SOM fractions showed a significant increase of 8.8 times for MAOM in relation to POM, demonstrating the larger dimension of this C reservoir in the soil. Both combinations of legumes + non-legumes and non-legume + non-legume contributed significantly to the conversion of C to MAOM. The results give insight into possible management strategies for significant C increments in the more stable SOM fractions, depending on the residue type (quality) and residue combination.

https://doi.org/10.36783/18069657rbcs20220077

Physiological and productive aspects of cassava under different irrigation levels
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Silva, Ricardo Barros

; Teodoro, Iêdo

; Souza, José Leonaldo de

; Ferreira Júnior, Ricardo Araújo

; Magalhães, Ivomberg Dourado

; Santos, Marcos Alex dos

; Lyra, Guilherme Bastos

; Lyra, Gustavo Bastos

; Moura Filho, Gilson

; Souza, Renan Cantalice de

; Silva, Lennon Kledson dos Santos

; Santos, Jônatas Vieira

; Oliveira, José Dailson Silva de

Bragantia

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2021, Volume 80 elocation e5321

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT The aim of this research was to evaluate the physiological and productive aspects of irrigated cassava crop. The statistical design used was randomised blocks, with six treatments and four replications. The used treatments were irrigation levels, based on the crop evapotranspiration – ETC – (L0 = 0% [rainfed], L1 = 40%, L2 = 80%, L3 = 120%, L4 = 160% and L5 = 200% of the ETC) and the analysed physiological variables were: gas exchange, the quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) and the soil plant analysis development (SPAD) index. The growth and crop productivity were also evaluated through of the leaf area index (LAI), the number and productivity of commercial roots and total biomass. In this research, the total irrigation depth was defined as the irrigation depth plus the effective rainfall. The estimated ETC was 1,030 mm over the 12-month production cycle and the greatest value for LAI and SPAD were 7.6 and 57.4, respectively, obtained in irrigated areas with the level of 80% of the ETC. While, in the areas irrigated with 120% of the ETC, were obtained the highest values of root productivity (93 Mg·ha–1), total biomass yield (149 Mg·ha–1) and photosynthetic rate (22.4 μmol CO2·m–2·s–1). On the other hand, with irrigation equivalent at 200% of the ETC were obtained the greatest values of internal CO2 concentration (245 μmol CO2·m–2·s–1), stomatal conductance (0.35 μmol H2O·m–2·s–1) and effective quantum efficiency (0.68).

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4499.20200501 77 downloads

Research trends on elasmobranchs from the Brazilian Amazon Coast: a four-decade review
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Coelho, Keyton Kylson Fonseca

; Lima, Franciane Silva Wosnick, Natascha Nunes, Ana Rita Onodera Palmeira Silva, Ana Paula Chaves Gava, Thais Teixeira Brito, Rafaela Maria Serra de Ferreira, Luan Jonatas da Silva Duailibe, Igor Cristian Figueiredo dos Santos Dias, Héllida Negrão Almeida, Zafira da Silva de Nunes, Jorge Luiz Silva

Biota Neotropica

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2021, Volume 21 Nº 4 elocation e20211218

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo: Elasmobrânquios apresentam os maiores declínios populacionais entre os vertebrados, sendo considerado um dos grupos com maior risco de extinção. O Litoral Amazônico Brasileiro (BAC) é considerado uma área prioritária para conservação de elasmobrânquios, pois várias espécies são endêmicas da região, e a maioria delas estão ameaçadas de extinção. O presente estudo fez uma análise cientométrica aplicando o método IRAMUTEQ (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires) para avaliar as tendências de pesquisas com elasmobrânquios no BAC nas últimas quatro décadas. Dez tendências de pesquisa foram identificadas, destacando-se “Biodiversidade”, “Reprodução”, “Ecologia trófica” e “Conservação”. Entretanto, a maioria das publicações encontradas é voltada para o conhecimento da diversidade e abundância das espécies na região, sendo o número de estudos voltados para a reprodução, alimentação e outros aspectos da biologia e ecologia de elasmobrânquios do BAC menos expressivo. Apesar da área de investigação “Conservação” ter se destacado na busca, a quantidade de informações relevantes para que medidas de manejo e conservação possam ser implementadas ainda é baixa. Por fim, apesar de seguir a tendência mundial de estudos com elasmobrânquios entre 2000 a 2010, as investigações sobre o BAC precisam avançar, especialmente considerando o baixo nível de informações básicas sobre a maioria das espécies (biologia e dinâmica populacional) e o conhecimento incompleto da composição específica das espécies de elasmobrânquios em toda a área, aspectos relevantes para a conservação e estudos mais aplicados e que contem com metodologias e tecnologias mais recentes.

Abstract: Elasmobranchs exhibit the biggest population declines among vertebrates, being considered one of the groups with the highest risk of extinction. The Brazilian Amazon Coast (BAC) is considered a priority area for elasmobranch conservation, as many species are endemic to the region, and most of them are threatened with extinction. The present study made a scientometric analysis using the IRAMUTEQ method (Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires) to evaluate the trends of research with elasmobranchs in BAC in the last four decades. Ten research trends were identified, highlighting “Biodiversity”, “Reproduction”, “Trophic Ecology” and “Conservation”. However, most of the publications found are aimed at understanding the diversity and abundance of species in the region, with the number of studies focused on reproduction, feeding and other aspects of the biology and ecology of elasmobranchs in the BAC being less expressive. Although the research area “Conservation” stood out in the search, the amount of relevant information so that management and conservation measures can be implemented is still low. Lastly, despite following the global trend of studies with elasmobranchs between 2000 and 2010, investigations into the BAC need to advance, especially considering the poor level of basic information on most species (Biology and population dynamics) and the incomplete knowledge of specific composition of elasmobranch species in the entire area, aspects relevant to conservation and more applied studies that rely on more recent methodologies and technologies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1676-0611-bn-2021-1218

A herbal oil in water nano-emulsion prepared through an ecofriendly approach affects two tropical disease vectors
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Ferreira, Ricardo M.A.

; Duarte, Jonatas L.

; Cruz, Rodrigo A.S.

; Oliveira, Anna E.M.F.M.

; Araújo, Raquel Silva

; Carvalho, José C.T.

; Mourão, Rosa H.V.

; Souto, Raimundo N.P.

; Fernandes, Caio P.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Dez 2019, Volume 29 Nº 6 Páginas 778 - 784

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E.Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson, Verbenaceae, is considered a great source of a bioactive volatile oil. Due to the wide range of known chemotypes, its chemical analysis is very important. Among the several activities of this volatile oil, a potential larvicidal action against Culicidae species is highlighted. However, the low water miscibility of volatile oils limits their application in aqueous media. Oil in water nano-emulsions are in the spotlight of novelty to solve this main problem. Thus, the aim of the present study was to obtain this nanostructured system with L. alba volatile oil (citral chemotype) and evaluate its larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae. The major compounds were geranial (30.02%) and neral (25.26%). Low mean droplet size (117.0 ± 1.0 nm) and low polydispersity index (0.231 ± 0.004) were observed and no major changes were observed after seven days of storage. LC50 values against C. quinquefasciatus and A. aegypti third-instar larvae were respectively 38.22 and 31.02 ppm, while LC90 values were, respectively, 59.42 and 47.19 ppm. The present study makes use of a low energy, solvent-free and ecofriendly method with reduced costs. Thus, this paper contributes significantly to phyto-nanobiotechnology of larvicidal agents, opening perspectives for the utilization of L. alba volatile oil in integrated practices of vector control.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2019.05.003 545 downloads

AVALIAÇÃO DE DIFERENTES MÉTODOS DE EXTRAÇÃO PARA A IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE RESÍDUOS DE MACROLÍDEOS EM ALIMENTOS INFANTIS INDUSTRIALIZADOS À BASE DE CARNE POR CROMATOGRAFIA A LÍQUIDO ACOPLADA À ESPECTROMETRIA DE MASSAS SEQUENCIAL (LC-MS/MS)
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Grutes, Jônatas V. Ferreira, Rosana G. Monteiro, Mychelle A. Pereira, Mararlene U. Spisso, Bernardete F.

Química Nova

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Fev 2019, Volume 42 Nº 2 Páginas 214 - 220

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

The interest in a better quality of life raised the concern about food safety. The administration of veterinary drugs in livestock may lead the occurrence of residues in food that may be harmful to consumers. Processed products are being consumed more and more, which increases concern for the safety of infants and children because they are more susceptible physiologically. Among these products stand out canned baby foods, defined by Ordinance 34/1998 issued by Brazilian Ministry of Health. Eggs and meat-based salty products for infants and children, legally designated as soups, fit into this definition and can not contain residues of hormones, antibiotics, as well as other pharmacologically active substances. Several techniques are used as identification and confirmatory assays of veterinary drug residues in food, although the main used technique is liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The aim of this work was to make a comparative assessment between different extraction methods in order to establish the best condition within the tested ones for the identification of macrolide residues in meat-based canned baby food by LC-MS/MS. A simple and effective extraction method, with good recoveries (65-93%) and satisfactory relative standard deviations (0.4-11%), was achieved using QuEChERS procedure for sample preparation.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170306 964 downloads

10.

VALIDAÇÃO DE MÉTODO ESPECTROFOTOMÉTRICO DE ANÁLISE PARA A QUANTIFICAÇÃO DE ÁCIDO ACETILSALICÍLICO EM FORMULAÇÕES FARMACÊUTICAS: UMA PROPOSTA DE AULA EXPERIMENTAL PARA ANÁLISE INSTRUMENTAL
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Goes Junior, Enock José A. Roeder, Jakson S. Oliveira, Kaiky B. L. Ferreira, Mateus P. Silva, Jonatas G. da

Química Nova

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Jan 2019, Volume 42 Nº 1 Páginas 99 - 104

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

In the present article it is described the validation of a simple, precise, accurate, rapid and low-cost UV spectrophotometric method for the quantification of acetylsalicylic acid in pharmaceutical formulations. The method was validated by linearity, specificity, range, accuracy, precision, robustness, and limits of detection and quantification. The method was linear in the range between 24 – 36 µg mL-1, presenting a good correlation coefficient (r = 0.9994) and adequate limits of quantification (6.57 µg mL-1) and detection (1.99 µg mL-1). Precision analysis showed low coefficient of variation (< 2.0%) and a good average recovery percentual (99.42% - reference and 95.94% - generic). The results and the statistical treated proved that the method may be considered a precise, accurate and low cost analytical alternative for laboratory routine and experimental activity. The method was applied for acetylsalicylic acid determination in two different pharmaceuticals formulations. The results of these analyzes are in accordance with the values declared by the manufacturer, at a 95% confidence level. This experimental activity is a simple and might be used as an practice activities on teaching laboratories improve the student learning.

https://doi.org/10.21577/0100-4042.20170300 2544 downloads

11.

Update on the approach to smoking in patients with respiratory diseases
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Sales, Maria Penha Uchoa

; Araújo, Alberto José de

; Chatkin, José Miguel

; Godoy, Irma de

; Pereira, Luiz Fernando Ferreira

; Castellano, Maria Vera Cruz de Oliveira

; Tanni, Suzana Erico

; Almeida, Adriana Ávila de

; Chatkin, Gustavo

; Silva, Luiz Carlos Côrrea da

; Gonçalves, Cristina Maria Cantarino

; Botelho, Clóvis

; Santos, Ubiratan Paula

; Viegas, Carlos Alberto de Assis

; Sestelo, Maristela Rodrigues

; Meireles, Ricardo Henrique Sampaio

; Correa, Paulo César Rodrigues Pinto

; Oliveira, Maria Eunice Moraes de

; Reichert, Jonatas

; Lima, Mariana Silva

; Silva, Celso Antonio Rodrigues da

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia

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2019, Volume 45 Nº 3 elocation e20180314

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O tabagismo é o maior responsável pelas doenças respiratórias (DR). Os efeitos nocivos do tabaco sobre o aparelho respiratório se iniciam ainda intraútero e influenciam as respostas imunológicas ao longo da infância e vida adulta. Os tabagistas com DR possuem peculiaridades que podem dificultar a cessação tabágica, tais como maior grau de dependência e de abstinência de nicotina; níveis mais elevados de monóxido de carbono exalado; motivação e autoeficácia baixas; maior preocupação com ganho ponderal; e elevada prevalência de ansiedade e depressão. Além disso, requerem tratamento mais intensivo e prolongado. É necessário esclarecer sempre o paciente sobre o fato de que parar de fumar será a única medida que irá reduzir a progressão das DR e melhorar sua qualidade de vida, independentemente do tempo e da gravidade da doença. Os médicos devem sempre oferecer o tratamento de cessação tabágica. O tratamento ambulatorial ou hospitalar deve ser multidisciplinar, baseado em intervenções comportamentais e farmacoterapia, sendo eficaz e custo-efetivo, dobrando as chances de sucesso.

ABSTRACT Smoking is the leading cause of respiratory disease (RD). The harmful effects of smoking on the respiratory system begin in utero and influence immune responses throughout childhood and adult life. In comparison with “healthy” smokers, smokers with RD have peculiarities that can impede smoking cessation, such as a higher level of nicotine dependence; nicotine withdrawal; higher levels of exhaled carbon monoxide; low motivation and low self-efficacy; greater concern about weight gain; and a high prevalence of anxiety and depression. In addition, they require more intensive, prolonged treatment. It is always necessary to educate such individuals about the fact that quitting smoking is the only measure that will reduce the progression of RD and improve their quality of life, regardless of the duration and severity of the disease. Physicians should always offer smoking cessation treatment. Outpatient or inpatient smoking cessation treatment should be multidisciplinary, based on behavioral interventions and pharmacotherapy. It will thus be more effective and cost-effective, doubling the chances of success.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-3713/e20180314 5849 downloads

12.

Nanosuspension of quercetin: preparation, characterization and effects against Aedes aegypti larvae
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Pessoa, Leticie Zulmira da Silva Duarte, Jonatas Lobato Ferreira, Ricardo Marcelo dos Anjos Oliveira, Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Motta Cruz, Rodrigo Alves Soares Faustino, Silvia Maria Mathes Carvalho, José Carlos Tavares Fernandes, Caio Pinho Souto, Raimundo Nonato Picanço Araújo, Raquel Silva

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Out 2018, Volume 28 Nº 5 Páginas 618 - 625

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) is the main vector of some neglected diseases, including dengue. It is very important to develop formulations that increase effectiveness of vector control with low toxicity. Quercetin is a plant-derived flavonoid that modulates the development of some insects. The low water solubility of quercetin impairs the development of water-dispersible commercial products. To circumvent this problem, the preparation of nanoformulations is considered promising. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of bulk and quercetin nanosuspension against A. aegypti larvae and also to investigate their ecotoxicity. Quercetin nanosuspension was produced by a solvent displacement method followed by solvent evaporation and was maintained in two different temperatures (4 and 25 ºC). Its size distribution and zeta potential were monitored along 30 days. The influence of quercetin nanosuspension and bulk-quercetin was investigated at various concentrations against A. aegypti and the green algae Chlorella vulgaris. The quercetin nanosuspension presented higher stability at 4 ºC and negative zeta potential values. Quercetin nanosuspension and bulk-quercetin adversely affected the larvae development, especially at the highest concentrations. Larvae mortality was between 44% and 100% (48 h) for quercetin nanosuspension at 100 and 500 ppm, respectively. The bulk-quercetin induced around 50% mortality regardless the concentration used at this same time-period. Absence of emerging mosquitoes from water was observed on the survival larvae of all the treated groups. Quercetin nanosuspension was less toxic than bulk-quercetin against C. vulgaris, especially at higher concentrations. These data indicate that quercetin nanosuspension may represent a potential larvicide for A. aegypti control, once they induced larvae death and inhibited the survival ones to emerge from water. In addition, it did not demonstrated ecotoxicity against a non-target organism, highlighting its better properties, when compared to the bulk-quercetin.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2018.07.003 1051 downloads

13.

An outbreak of caprine toxoplasmosis - investigation and case report
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Ferreira Neto, José Mauricio

; Ferreira, Fernanda Pinto Miura, Ana Carolina Almeida, Jonatas Campos de Martins, Felippe Danyel Cardoso Souza, Marielen de Bronkhorst, Dalton Evert Romanelli, Paulo Roberto Pasquali, Aline Kuhn Sbruzzi Santos, Hannah Lia Ettiene Peruch Lemos dos Benitez, Aline do Nascimento Caldart, Eloiza Teles Zanella, Luiz Francisco Freire, Roberta Lemos Navarro, Italmar Teodorico

Ciência Rural

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2018, Volume 48 Nº 5 elocation e20170790

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO: O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar um surto de aborto em um rebanho de cabras leiteiras no município de Arapoti, Paraná, Brasil. No início do surto, foram coletadas amostras de sangue de 33 cabras com sinais clínicos; mais tarde, de todo o rebanho caprino, dois gatos e dois cachorros. Foram obtidas amostras de leite das 78 cabras em lactação. Quatro amostras ambientais de solo e quatro de resíduos de comedouro também foram coletadas. O teste de imunofluorescência (IFI) foi utilizado para o sorodiagnóstico, a análise molecular foi conduzida por meio da reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR), para isolamento do agente etiológico utilizou-se o bioensaio. Os resultados da IFI revelaram que 76,53% (137/179) das cabras, todos os cães e gatos eram soropositivos para Toxoplasma gondii. O bioensaio revelou uma amostra de camada leucocitária e duas de leite contaminadas com T. gondii viável. Na PCR, 11 amostras de sangue total, oito de leite, três resíduos alimentares e todas as amostras de solo foram positivas. Os resultados do presente estudo confirmaram um surto causado por contaminação ambiental (de solo e alimentos) com oocistos de T. gondii que, provavelmente, foram eliminados por gatos que permaneceram na fazenda e tinham acesso ao estoque de alimento dos caprinos, reforçando a necessidade de assistência técnica veterinária e boas práticas de manejo.

ABSTRACT: The present study aimed to investigate an abortion outbreak in a dairy goat herd in the municipality of Arapoti, Parana, Brazil. At the beginning of the outbreak, blood samples were collected from 33 goats with clinical signs; later, of the whole goat herd, two cats and two dogs. Milk samples were collected from 78 lactating goats. Four environmental soil samples and four samples of feed residue from goat feeders were collected too. Immunofluorescence antibody test (IFA) was used for serodiagnosis, the molecular analysis was conducted by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), for the isolation of the etiological agent the bioassay was used. The results of the IFA revealed that 76.53% (137/179) of the goats, two dogs and two cats were seropositive for Toxoplasma gondii. Bioassay revealed one buffy coat and two milk sample having viable T. gondii. In the PCR, 11 whole blood samples, eight milk, three feeder troughs, and all soil samples were positive. The findings of the present study confirmed an outbreak caused by environmental contamination (of soil and feed) with T. gondii oocysts that could have been shed by kittens that lived on the farm and had access to the stock of goat food, facilitating this contamination, which reinforces the need for veterinary assistance and good management practices on farms.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20170790 1752 downloads

14.

Direct Numerical Simulation Code Validation for Compressible Shear Flows Using Linear Stability Theory
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Lacerda, Jônatas Ferreira Souza, Leandro Franco de Rogenski, Josuel Kruppa Mendonça, Márcio Teixeira de

Journal of Aerospace Technology and Management

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2018, Volume 10 elocation e2318

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT: In order to simulate compressible shear flow stability and aeroacoustic problems, a numerical code must be able to capture how a baseflow behaves when submitted to small disturbances. If the disturbances are amplified, the flow is unstable. The linear stability theory (LST) provides a framework to obtain information about the growth rate in relation to the excitation frequency for a given baseflow. A linear direct numerical simulation (DNS) should capture the same growth rate as the LST, providing a severe test for the code. In the present study, DNS simulations of a two-dimensional compressible mixing layer and of a two-dimensional compressible plane jet are performed. Disturbances are introduced at the domain inflow and spatial growth rates obtained with a DNS code are compared with growth rates obtained from LST analyses, for each baseflow, in order to verify and validate the DNS code. The good comparison between DNS simulations and LST results indicates that the code is able to simulate compressible flow problems and it is possible to use it to perform numerical simulation of instability and aeroacoustic problems.

https://doi.org/10.5028/jatm.v10.858 739 downloads

15.

Infection of the central nervous system with dengue virus 3 genotype I causing neurological manifestations in Brazil
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Oliveira, Danilo Bretas de Machado, Guilherme Almeida, Gabriel Magno de Freitas Ferreira, Paulo César Peregrino Bonjardim, Cláudio Antônio Trindade, Giliane de Souza Abrahão, Jônatas Santos Kroon, Erna Geessien

Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical

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Fev 2016, Volume 49 Nº 1 Páginas 125 - 129

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: A case of dengue virus 3 (DENV-3) genotype I infection with neurological manifestations occurred in Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais in October 2012. The serotype was detected by PCR, and the genotype was assessed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the C-prM region. The virus causing neurological manifestations clustered with other sequences of DENV-3 genotype I. Because neurological manifestations of DENV are possibly misdiagnosed in Brazil, this study serves as an alert of the importance of DENV diagnoses in CNS infections.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0208-2015 2267 downloads

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