ABSTRACT In equatorial Brazil, the association of Burkitt lymphoma and Epstein–Barr virus manifests at high rates. Here, we report, for the first time, amplifications of aurora kinase genes (AURKA/B) in a patient with a history of periodontal abscess and the presence of a remaining nodule, diagnosed with Burkitt lymphoma and Epstein–Barr virus, and /HIV positive. The patient was a 38-year-old man who presented with a 2-week-old severe jaw pain and a 3-day-old severe bilateral headache. He had a history of human papilloma virus. Interphase FISH analysis showed AURKA and AURKB amplification. The patient’s condition worsened, progressing to death a month after the initial care. Changes in the MYCC and AURKA pathways are directly associated with genomic instability. Thus, MYCC rearrangements and higher expression of AURKA/B may be associated with therapy resistance, highlighting the importance of AURKA/B evaluation in Burkitt lymphoma.

Poliginia, caracterizada pela presença de mais de uma rainha poedeira, é considerada como uma condição temporária em colônias. Em abelhas sem ferrão isso é raramente observado. Este artigo registra o primeiro caso de poliginia natural em colônia de Melipona scutellaris, com cinco rainhas poedeiras.

Polygyny, characterized by the presence of several egg-laying queens, is considered as a temporary colony status. In stingless bees it is rarely observed. This paper reports the first case of natural polygyny in Melipona scutellaris colony, with five egg-laying queens.

Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) has cryptonephridial type Malphigian tubules (MT). This type of MT is characterized by the penetration of the distal part of the MT into the external walls of the rectum, which is usually lined with a perinephral membrane. The MT is divided into three differentiated regions: proximal, middle and distal. In this study, our objective was to compare the nuclear activities of each one of the three regions of the D. saccharalis MT by using a nuclear basophilic technique and critical electrolyte concentration with a toluidine blue stain at pH 4.0. This method allows differentiation of DNA/protein complexes in in situ and in vitro chromatin. MT chromatin structure in D. saccharalis is variable. Fifth instars have a more decondensed chromatin than fourth instars. The distal tubule region was the most decondensed region of the MT. Our data show an elevated genetic activity of the MT in the pre-metamorphosis period. The distal region of the MT has the highest observed activity, which may be associated with the re-absorption of useful components and the excretion of waste materials.

O treinamento concorrente é uma estratégia que vem sendo utilizada na intenção de maximizar o gasto energético tanto durante quanto após o exercício por meio do EPOC (excesso do consumo de oxigênio pós-exercício). No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre a influência da ordem de execução sobre o EPOC. O objetivo do presente estudo foi verificar a influência do tipo (aeróbio, força e concorrente) e da ordem (aeróbio + força ou força + aeróbio) do exercício sobre o EPOC. A amostra foi constituída por oito homens (idade: 24 ± 2 anos; massa corporal: 75,4 ± 3,7kg; e estatura: 179 ± 3,0cm), voluntários, com experiência em treinamento de força e aeróbio. Os sujeitos foram submetidos a um teste para a determinação do VO2pico (57,0 ± 2,9ml/kg/min) e teste de 1-RM para os exercícios de supino reto (68 ± 2kg), puxador costas (64 ± 3kg), cadeira extensora (51 ± 3kg) e mesa flexora (38 ± 3kg). O treino aeróbio foi realizado durante 30 minutos a 90% da velocidade correspondente ao limiar anaeróbio (10,3 ± 2,2km). O treino de força foi realizado a 70% de 1RM, dividido em três séries de 12 movimentos. O consumo de oxigênio (VO2) foi medido em repouso (R) e após as seguintes sessões: aeróbio (A), força (F), aeróbio-força (A + F) e força-aeróbio (F + A), utilizando calorimetria indireta durante 30 minutos, os quais foram divididos em três intervalos de tempo: T1 (0 a 10 minutos), T2 (11 a 20 minutos) e T3 (21 a 30 minutos). A comparação do VO2 entre as diferentes situações (R, A, F, A + F e F + A) para cada um dos períodos de tempo (0-10, 11-20; 21-30 min) foi realizada a partir de uma ANOVA a um fator com medidas repetidas, seguida por teste de Tukey. Em T1, o VO2 das diferentes sessões foi maior que o de R. Durante T2, o VO2 das situações F, A + F e F + A foi superior ao de R. Em T3, somente A + F resultou em EPOC. Os resultados indicam que a ordem de execução influenciou o tempo de EPOC. Contudo, o gasto calórico decorrente do EPOC é bastante reduzido (≅ 15kcal).

Concurrent training is a strategy which has been used with the purpose to maximize energy expenditure both during and after exercise by exacerbation of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC). However, little is known about the influence of the order of performance of exercises on EPOC. The aim of the present study was to verify the influence of type (aerobic, strength and concurrent) and order (aerobic + strength or strength + aerobic) of exercise on excessive post-exercise oxygen consumption. Eight male volunteers (age: 24 ± 2 years; weight mass: 75.4 ± 3.7 kg; and height: 179 ± 3.0 cm), with experience in aerobic and strength training were studied. The subjects were submitted to a test for the determination of the VO2peak (57.0 ± 2.9 ml/kg/min) and test of 1-RM for the exercises of bench press (68 ± 2 kg), lat pull down (64 ± 3 kg), leg extension (51 ± 3 kg) and leg curl (38 ± 3 kg). Aerobic training was conducted for 30 minutes at 90% of the anaerobic threshold velocity (10.3 ± 2.2 km). The protocol strength training corresponded to 70% of 1RM, divided in three sets of 12 repetitions. Oxygen consumption (VO2) was measured at rest (R) and after the following sessions: aerobic (A), strength (S), aerobic-strength (A + S) and strength-aerobic (S + A), using indirect calorimetry for 30 minutes, which were divided in three time intervals: T1 (0-10 minutes), T2 (11-20 minutes) and T3 (the 21-30 minutes). The comparison of the VO2 among the different situations (R, A, S, A + S and S + A) for each period of time (0-10, 11-20; 21-30 min) was determined by one-way ANOVA with repeated measurements, followed by Tukey test. In T1, the VO2 of the different sessions was increased in relation to R. During T2, the VO2 of situations S, A + S and S + A was increased in relation to R. In T3, only A + S resulted in EPOC. The results indicate that exercise order influences EPOC time. However, in 30 minutes the caloric expenditure caused by EPOC was fairly low (≅ 15 kcal).