Compared to other species, components of Combretum lanceolatum are still with few data reported in the literature. This work describes the compounds identification, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of C. lanceolatum twigs. Ethanolic extract (EECLT) from C. lanceolatum twigs was submitted to partition obtaining: hexane (HF), diethyl ether (EEF), ethyl acetate (EAF) and hydromethanolic (HMF) fractions. They were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, high performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and direct insertion mass spectrometry and evaluated for antioxidant assay (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method) and antimicrobial assay. Fifty-seven compounds were identified in the fractions. In antioxidant assay, EECLT and EAF demonstrated good antioxidant potential (half maximal effective concentration (EC50): 57.9 and 45.4 µg mL–1, respectively), better than the positive control butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) (EC50: 69.34 µg mL–1). For antimicrobial assay, all fractions presented promising minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). EECLT presented the best values against Staphylococcus aureus (125 µg mL–1) and Escherichia coli (62.5 µg mL–1) and better than the positive control fluconazole (8 and 16 µg mL–1) against Candida albicans (3.9 µg mL–1) and Candida krusei (15.6 µg mL–1) strains. This study presents relevant chemical and biological information about C. lanceloatum expanding the knowledge of Brazilian flora. species literature identification C (EECLT obtaining HF, HF , (HF) EEF, EEF (EEF) (EAF HMF (HMF chromatographymass 2,2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl 22diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl diphenylpicrylhydrazyl 2,2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl 2 DPPH (DPPH method Fiftyseven Fifty seven half EC50 EC (EC50) 579 57 9 57. 454 45 4 45. mL1 mL mL–1 respectively, respectively respectively) BHT (BHT (EC50 6934 69 34 69.3 mL–1. . MIC. MIC (MIC) 125 (12 62.5 625 62 5 (62. 8 ( 3.9 39 3 (3. 15.6 156 15 6 (15. strains flora (HF (EEF 2diphenyl1picrylhydrazyl 22 2, EC5 mL– (EC5 693 69. (MIC 12 (1 62. (62 3. (3 15. (15 (EC (6

Abstract Nowadays, despite the implementation of new wind farms in Brazil, it still is difficult to form partnerships with companies in the sector, which significantly contributes to the gap in information provided by national literature and the lack of knowledge about the mechanical behavior of wind turbines subjected to transient wind effects. Therefore, through a Research and Development Project to optimize and improve modeling in wind systems, the Brazilian electric power company Eletrobras Furnas aims to facilitate the construction of smaller wind turbines to supply energy to regions far from the Brazilian coast that do not have high generation potential due to the incidence of low-speed winds. Two relevant aspects directly linked to the performance of this kind of structures are: (i) determining their natural frequency and (ii) ensuring that this frequency does not coincide with any external vibration frequency that the structure may experience in its lifetime. Wind turbines are complex systems with many degrees of freedom and their own frequencies associated with the respective mode shapes in which they naturally vibrate. These frequencies are inversely related to the mass and directly related to the stiffness of the structure. Thus, through numerical modeling using the Finite Element Method, the present article aims to list some of the main factors that can affect the prediction of the natural frequency of a real-scale wind turbine prototype and to evaluate its dynamic behavior, considering its rotor revolution frequency, its blade passing frequency and the wind characteristics of its operating area. Nowadays Brazil sector effects Therefore lowspeed low speed winds i (i ii (ii lifetime vibrate Thus Method realscale real scale area

RESUMO Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo calibrar e testar o modelo de cultura SARRA-H (Système d’Analyse Régionale des Risques Agroclimatologiques) para o caupi, bem como realizar o zoneamento de risco climático para esta cultura em uma região localizada na Amazônia Oriental, a fim de permitir a identificação de locais e datas de semeadura que favoreçam a produção considerando tanto o déficit hídrico como a probabilidade de ocorrência de chuvas severas durante o período da colheita. O modelo foi calibrado e validado com dados de experimentos realizados entre 2013 e 2016 no município de Castanhal, PA. As áreas de baixo risco climático foram definidas como aquelas que apresentaram índice de satisfação da necessidade hídrica (WRSI) maior ou igual a 0,5 na fase reprodutiva combinado com a ocorrência de chuvas abaixo de 20 mm na colheita por, pelo menos, 80% dos anos onde foi simulado o plantio. O modelo foi capaz de simular o balanço hídrico, crescimento e desenvolvimento do feijão-caupi nas condições climáticas e de solo da região estudada com boa precisão e exatidão. O período de ótima semeadura para o feijão-caupi compreende o intervalo entre 5 e 25 de junho para regiões localizadas acima de 2° S, e entre 25 de março e 15 de abril para regiões abaixo de 2º S. SARRAH SARRA H Système dAnalyse d Analyse Agroclimatologiques caupi Oriental 201 Castanhal PA WRSI (WRSI 05 0 0, 2 por menos 80 plantio feijãocaupi feijão exatidão S 1 º 8

ABSTRACT This study aimed to calibrate and test the SARRA-H (Système d’Analyse Régionale des Risques Agroclimatologiques) crop model for cowpea, as well as conducting a climate risk zoning for this crop in a region located in Eastern Amazon, allowing the identification of locations and sowing dates that favor the production considering both the water deficit and the probability of occurrence of severe rains during the harvest period. The model was calibrated and validated with data from experiments conducted between 2013 and 2016 in the municipality of Castanhal, PA, Brazil. Low climate risk areas were defined as those that had a water requirement satisfaction index (WRSI) greater than or equal to 0.5 in the reproductive phase combined with the occurrence of rainfall below 20 mm at the harvest for, at least, 80% of the years for which planting was simulated. The model was able to simulate the water balance, growth and development of cowpea under the climate and soil conditions of the studied location with high precision and accuracy. The optimal period for sowing cowpea comprises the interval between June 5th and 25th for regions located above 2° S and between March 25th and April 15th for regions below 2º S. SARRAH SARRA H Système dAnalyse d Analyse Agroclimatologiques Amazon 201 Castanhal PA Brazil WRSI (WRSI 05 0 5 0. 2 least 80 simulated balance accuracy th º 8

Resumo Muitas espécies de Cichla colonizaram com sucesso lagos e reservatórios do Brasil desde os anos 1960, causando graves prejuízos à vida selvagem nesses locais. Neste estudo, 135 tucunarés foram coletados em um complexo de reservatórios a fim de identificar se representavam uma espécie dominante ou múltiplas espécies, uma vez que diversas espécies de Cichla foram registradas na bacia. Os espécimes foram identificados com base na coloração, dados morfométricos e merísticos, e por marcadores mitocondriais COI, 16S rDNA e Região Controle (RC). A sobreposição dos dados morfométricos e o padrão similar de coloração impediram a identificação utilizando as chaves de identificação disponíveis na literatura. Entretanto, as análises bayesiana e de máxima verossimilhança de dados moleculares demonstraram a ocorrência de uma única espécie, Cichla kelberi. Um único haplótipo foi observado para o 16S e RC, enquanto três foram detectados para o COI, com um haplótipo dominante presente em 98,5% das amostras. A baixa diversidade nos exemplares introduzidos de C. kelberi evidenciou um número limitado de linhagens maternas fundadoras. O sucesso da invasão parece depender de fatores abióticos, como a maior transparência da água de ambientes lênticos que favorece predadores visuais que, atrelado à ausência de predadores, fez do C. kelberi um invasor bem-sucedido nesses reservatórios.

Abstract Several species of Cichla successfully colonized lakes and reservoirs of Brazil, since the 1960’s, causing serious damage to local wildlife. In this study, 135 peacock bass were collected in a reservoir complex in order to identify if they represented a single dominant species or multiple ones, as several Cichla species have been reported in the basin. Specimens were identified by color pattern, morphometric and meristic data, and using mitochondrial markers COI, 16S rDNA and Control Region (CR). Overlapping morphological data and similar coloration patterns prevented their identification using the taxonomic keys to species identification available in the literature. However, Bayesian and maximum likelihood from sequencing data demonstrated the occurrence of a single species, Cichla kelberi. A single haplotype was observed for the 16S and CR, while three were detected for COI, with a dominant haplotype present in 98.5% of the samples. The extreme low diversity of the transplanted C. kelberi evidenced a limited number of founding maternal lineages. The success of this colonization seems to rely mainly on abiotic factors, such as increased water transparency of lentic environments that favor visual predators that along with the absence of predators, have made C. kelberi a successful invader of these reservoirs.

Resumo A utilização de biomassa para a produção de energia representa uma estratégia promissora, justificando a busca por novas fontes de biomassa. O capim-elefante tem ganhado destaque devido ao seu elevado rendimento de matéria seca e rápido crescimento. Este estudo teve como objetivo quantificar a divergência genética entre novas famílias de meio-irmãos de capim-elefante, com a finalidade de identificar genótipos com maior divergência genética e potencial produtivo para hibridização. Utilizou-se uma metodologia de agrupamento hierárquico baseada em componentes principais. As famílias de meio-irmãos foram obtidas a partir de genótipos do Banco Ativo de Germoplasma de Capim-Elefante. O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento de blocos casualizados, com nove famílias de meio-irmãos, três repetições e oito plantas por parcela, totalizando a avaliação de 216 genótipos de capim-elefante. Foram realizadas análises de componentes principais (PC), biplot e agrupamento hierárquico para estimar a diversidade, utilizando o software R. Os dois primeiros PCs da análise biplot explicaram 64% da variação total. A produtividade de matéria seca foi a característica mais relevante para a discriminação genotípica (0,89), seguida pela altura da planta (0,67) e pelo diâmetro do caule (0,61) no PC1. Nesta análise, foram consideradas as distâncias entre os acessos, sem considerar parentesco, o que indica uma variabilidade significativa dentro das famílias avaliadas, uma vez que os genótipos pertencentes à mesma família não foram agrupados, mas sim distribuídos em grupos distintos. promissora capimelefante capim elefante crescimento meioirmãos meio irmãos capimelefante, elefante, hibridização Utilizouse Utilizou se CapimElefante. CapimElefante Capim Elefante. Elefante Capim-Elefante casualizados meioirmãos, irmãos, parcela 21 capimelefante. elefante. PC, PC , (PC) diversidade R 64 total 0,89, 089 0,89 0 89 (0,89) 0,67 067 67 (0,67 0,61 061 61 (0,61 PC1 acessos parentesco avaliadas agrupados distintos 2 (PC 6 08 0,8 8 (0,89 0,6 06 (0,6 0, (0,8 (0, (0 (

Abstract The use of biomass for energy production constitutes a promising strategy that warrants the search for new sources of biomass. Elephant grass has been gaining notoriety due to its high dry matter yield and rapid growth. The present study was carried out to quantify the genetic divergence of nine elephant grass half-sib families in order to identify genotypes with greater genetic divergence and productive potential for hybridization, using the hierarchical clustering methodology based on principal components. Half-sib families were generated using genotypes from the Active Germplasm Bank of Elephant Grass. The experiment was laid out in a randomized-block design with nine half-sib families, three replicates, and eight plants per plot. A total of 216 genotypes of elephant grass were evaluated. Principal component (PC), biplot, and hierarchical clustering analyses for diversity estimation were conducted using R software. The first two PCs of biplot analysis accounted for 64% of the cumulative variation. Dry matter yield was the most important trait for genotype discrimination (0.89), followed by plant height (0.67) and stem diameter (0.61) in PC1. In this analysis, the distances between accessions were considered and there were no family links, which indicates the existence of wide variability within the evaluated families, since genotypes belonging to the same family were not grouped together, but rather distributed into different groups. Crosses between genotypes of group three and genotypes of groups one and two are recommended for the development of high-yielding genotypes when aiming at energy production. growth halfsib half sib hybridization components Halfsib Half Grass randomizedblock randomized block replicates plot 21 PC, PC , (PC) software 64 variation 0.89, 089 0.89 0 89 (0.89) 0.67 067 67 (0.67 0.61 061 61 (0.61 PC1 links together highyielding yielding 2 (PC 6 08 0.8 8 (0.89 0.6 06 (0.6 0. (0.8 (0. (0 (

Aim To evaluate the surface roughness and color stability of bulk-fill resin composites after simulated toothbrushing with whitening dentifrices. The radioactive/relative dentin abrasion (RDA) and radioactive/relative enamel abrasion (REA) of dentifrices were also assessed. Methods Specimens (n=10) of Tetric N Ceram Bulk Fill (TNCB), Filtek One Bulk Fill (FOB) resin composites, and Z100(Control) were prepared using a cylindrical Teflon matrix. Surface roughness (Ra, μm) was assessed by a roughness meter and the color evaluations (ΔEab, ΔE00, WID) were performed using a digital spectrophotometer based on the CIELAB system. Three measurements were performed per sample, before and after simulated toothbrushing with 3D Oral-B White Perfection (3DW) and Black is White (BW) dentifrices. The abrasivity (REA and RDA values) of the used dentifrices was also determined by the Hefferren abrasivity test. Results The Ra values increased significantly in all resin composites after 3DW and BW toothbrushing. The acceptable threshold color varied among resin composites, and TNCB and Z100 presented the highest ΔEab and ΔE00 for BW dentifrice. The 3DW dentifrice was significantly more abrasive than BW dentifrice on enamel and dentin. Conclusions simulated toothbrushing with tested whitening dentifrices increased the surface roughness at acceptable levels. The Tetric N Ceram Bulk-fill and Z100 composite showed the highest color alteration in BW. 3D White Perfection dentifrice was more abrasive on dentin and enamel than Black is White. bulkfill bulk fill radioactiverelative radioactive relative (RDA REA n=10 n10 n 10 (n=10 TNCB, , (TNCB) FOB (FOB Z100Control ZControl Control Z Z100(Control matrix Ra, (Ra μm ΔEab, (ΔEab ΔE WID system sample D OralB Oral B DW (3DW (BW test Z10 ΔE0 levels Bulkfill n=1 n1 1 (n=1 (TNCB Z1 n= (n= (n

Aim Hyposalivation and dry mouth affect the quality of life in patients with Head and Neck Cancer, who did the treatment with radiotherapy. Thus this study has the objective to evaluate the dosimetric relationship between 3D radiotherapy and changes in salivary flow, xerostomia and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer according to the volume of the irradiated parotid gland. Methods 23 patients with cancer in the head and neck area and in need of 3D radiotherapy were followed up during radiotherapy treatment, and the parotid gland (PG) design was also performed in radiotherapy planning. Questionnaires were carried out to determine xerostomia and quality of life, while the salivary flow was determined through calculations regarding the collection and weighing of saliva. Such data were collected in three moments: before the beginning of the radiotherapy treatment (D0), in the middle of the treatment (D1) and at the end of it (D2). The numerical variables are represented by measures of central tendency and measures of dispersion. Results when associating the salivary flow, the xerostomia questionnaire and the OHIP-14, a statistically significant difference was found (p-value <0.001), as well as when comparing some volumes of irradiated PG with the OHIP-14. However, no relationship was found between dosimetric data, xerostomia and hyposalivation. Conclusion patients undergoing 3D radiotherapy for malignant neoplasms in the head and neck region had decreased salivary flow, increased complaints of dry mouth and decreased quality of life. However, it was not possible to establish a statistically significant correlation between these findings and the volumes of irradiated parotids. Cancer D 2 (PG planning saliva moments D0, D0 , (D0) D1 (D1 D2. D2 . (D2) dispersion OHIP14, OHIP14 OHIP 14, 14 OHIP-14 pvalue p value <0.001, 0001 <0.001 0 001 <0.001) OHIP14. 14. However hyposalivation parotids (D0 (D (D2 OHIP1 1 OHIP-1 000 <0.00 00 OHIP- <0.0 <0. <0 <

Resumo O presente estudo buscou avaliar o potencial antimicrobiano e antiaderente do óleo essencial de Eucalipto radiata frente às cepas de veiculação alimentar de Escherichia coli. O estudo foi realizado usando a Concentração Inibitória Mínima (CIM) e Concentração Bactericida Mínima (CBM). Além disso, a técnica de difusão em disco foi usada para avaliar a associação do óleo essencial de Eucalipto radiata com antimicrobianos sintéticos. A Concentração Inibitória Mínima de Aderência (CIMA) também foi realizada. Os resultados revelaram que E. radiata apresentou atividade antimicrobiana contra as cepas de E. coli testadas, com valores de CIM variando entre 500 μg/mL a 1000 μg/mL e valores de CBM variando entre 500 μg/mL a 1,024 μg/mL. Quanto às associações, observou-se que o óleo de E. radiata exibiu efeito sinérgico para alguns antibióticos, sobretudo a Ceftriaxona, apresentando maior interferência do óleo essencial. Além disso, foi eficaz na inibição a aderência das cepas bacterianas de E. coli, mostrando um efeito antibiofilme mais significativo que o agente antibacteriano digluconato de clorexidina a 0.12%. Em resumo, o óleo essencial de E. radiata apresentou potencial antimicrobiano contra cepas de E. coli de origem alimentar, podendo assim, mediante estudos aprofundados, ser utilizado isoladamente ou em associação com antimicrobianos sintéticos para combater infecções causadas por esse patógeno. (CIM CBM. . (CBM) disso CIMA (CIMA realizada E testadas 50 μgmL μg mL 100 1024 1 024 1,02 associações observouse observou se antibióticos Ceftriaxona 012 0 12 0.12% resumo assim aprofundados patógeno (CBM 5 10 102 02 1,0 01 0.12 1, 0.1 0.

Abstract The present study sought to evaluate the antimicrobial and anti-adherent potential of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil against food-borne strains of Escherichia coli. The study was performed using the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC). In addition, the disk diffusion technique was used to evaluate the association of Eucalyptus radiata essential oil with synthetic antimicrobials. The Minimum Inhibitory Adherence Concentration (MIC) was also performed. The results revealed that E. radiata showed antimicrobial activity against the E. coli strains tested, with MIC values ranging from 500 μg/mL to 1000 μg/mL and MBC values ranging from 500 μg/mL to 1,024 μg/mL. As for the associations, it was observed that E. radiata oil exhibited a synergistic effect for some antibiotics, especially Ceftriaxone, with greater interference from the essential oil. Furthermore, it was effective in inhibiting the adherence of bacterial strains of E. coli, showing a more significant antibiofilm effect than the antibacterial agent 0.12% chlorhexidine digluconate. In summary, the essential oil of E. radiata showed antimicrobial potential against strains of E. coli of food origin, and can therefore, through in-depth studies, be used alone or in association with synthetic antimicrobials to combat infections caused by this pathogen. antiadherent anti adherent foodborne borne (MIC MBC. . (MBC) addition E tested 50 μgmL μg mL 100 1024 1 024 1,02 associations antibiotics Ceftriaxone Furthermore 012 0 12 0.12 digluconate summary origin therefore indepth depth studies pathogen (MBC 5 10 102 02 1,0 01 0.1 1, 0.

The aim of this work was to extract and characterize pectin from lyophilized noni pulp (Morinda citrifolia Linn.) at three different pHs using different extractor agents and to evaluate anti-viral activity. The extraction of high yield (acid extraction) was subjected to sulfation procedure. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and proton nuclear magneticresonance analysis were used to calculate the degree of methylation of pectin from acid extraction and its sulfated derivative. The data obtained for the degree of methylation of noni pectin and sulfated pectin were 30.3 and 30.7, respectively. Pectin was subjected to acute oral toxicity testing in mice. The results showed that pectin had a pro-inflammatory effect, and sulfated pectin had an anti-inflammatory effect. Both pectins were also evaluated for herpes simplex virus activity in vitro, and although they successfully inhibited virus replication, the sulfated pectins were cytotoxic. Morinda Linn. Linn antiviral anti viral procedure derivative 303 30 3 30. 307 7 30.7 respectively mice proinflammatory pro inflammatory effect antiinflammatory vitro replication cytotoxic

Abstract Most of the dams registered on the National Information System on Dam Safety (SNISB of Brazil) do not have enough information to assess whether they fit into the National Dam Safety Policy (PNSB), or to assess their safety conditions. According to the National Agency of Waters (ANA, 2021b), there are currently 122 dams with some important structural problems indicated by their inspectors in 23 states. Therefore, this article proposes a methodology for identifying faults in dam safety activities. The method applies to all types of existing dams. The proposed methodology comprises ten stages that, according to the progress of the steps, are defined by three levels of completeness of the information. Tables were developed with the objective of being a verification guide for these ten stages. This research applied the proposed methodology to two dams in Paraná, Brazil. The first is the Iraí dam, located in the metropolitan region of Curitiba, and the second is the Jordan River Derivation dam, located in Reserva do Iguaçu. The example of the Iraí dam could complete all stages of the proposed methodology. For the Jordan River Derivation dam, stages 1 to 5 of the proposed methodology were carried out. The application of the proposed methodology intends to become a useful tool, especially for inspectors, aiming at a more effective registration process, accelerating the completion of the SNISB. SNISB Brazil PNSB, PNSB , (PNSB) conditions ANA, ANA (ANA 2021b, 2021b b 2021b) 12 2 states Therefore activities that steps Paraná Curitiba Iguaçu out tool process (PNSB

RESUMO A presente revisão sistemática tem por objetivo identificar e sumarizar estudos que analisaram os efeitos de intervenções que utilizaram modelos de ensino do esporte (MEE) em aulas de educação física sobre desfechos cognitivos e habilidades motoras. Foram definidas seis bases como fontes de dados: (a) SportDiscus; (b) Scielo; (c) Web of Science; (d) Scopus; (e) ERIC e (f) PsycInfo. A pesquisa inicial foi realizada com os seguintes termos: “Pedagogical Model” OR, “Education Model” OR, “Teaching Games” AND, “Sports” AND, “Physical Education”. Os 24 artigos analisados atenderam aos seguintes critérios: (a) estudos de intervenção com análise quantitativa ou mista; (b) realizados durante aulas de educação física; e, (c) com objetivo de verificar os efeitos dos modelos sobre os desfechos cognitivos ou de habilidades motoras. A análise de viés/qualidade dos estudos foi realizada a partir da escala PEDro. Foram encontradas intervenções com o Sport Education Model (SEM - 41,7%), Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU - 33,3%), Tactical Games (TG - 4,2%) e Modelos Híbridos (MH - 20,8%). Os resultados indicam efeitos positivos dos três modelos (SEM, TGfU/TG e MH) sobre a performance no jogo e tomada de decisão. O SEM ainda apresentou efeito positivo sobre envolvimento no jogo, conhecimento e execução de habilidades, sendo o MEE com mais desfechos com resultados positivos. Futuras investigações devem ter em conta os seguintes fatores intervenientes: sexo, nível de habilidade, grupos de ensino, experiência docente, tempo e conteúdo da unidade. (MEE motoras dados (a SportDiscus b (b Scielo c (c Science d (d Scopus (e f (f PsycInfo termos Pedagogical OR AND Sports “Sports Physical Education. . Education” 2 critérios mista viésqualidade viés qualidade PEDro 41,7%, 417 41,7% , 41 7 41,7%) TGfU 33,3%, 333 33,3% 33 3 33,3%) TG 4,2% 42 4 MH 20,8%. 208 20,8% 20 8 20,8%) SEM, TGfUTG decisão intervenientes sexo habilidade docente unidade 41,7 33,3 4,2 20,8 41, 33, 4, 20,

ABSTRACT This systematic review aims to identify and summarize studies that analyzed the effects of interventions that used sports teaching models (STM) in physical education classes on cognitive and motor skills outcomes. Six bases were defined as data sources: (a) SportDiscus; (b) Scielo; (c) Web of Science; (d) Scopus; (e) ERIC and (f) PsycInfo. The initial search was carried out with the following terms: “Pedagogical Model” OR, “Education Model”, OR, “Teaching Games” AND, “Sports” AND, “Physical Education”. The 24 articles analyzed met the following criteria: (a) intervention studies with quantitative or mixed analysis; (b) performed during physical education classes; and, (c) aim to verify the effects of STM on cognitive or motor skills outcomes. The analysis of bias/quality of the studies was performed based on the PEDro scale. Interventions were found with the Sport Education Model (SEM - 41.7%), Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU - 33.3%), Tactical Games (TG - 4.2%) and Hybrid Models (HM - 20.8%). The results indicate positive effects of the three models (SEM, TGfU/TG and HM) on game performance and decision-making. SEM still had a positive effect on game involvement, knowledge and skill execution, with STM with more outcomes with positive results. Future investigations should consider intervening factors such as sex, skill level, teaching groups, teacher experience, time and unit content. (STM sources (a SportDiscus b (b Scielo c (c Science d (d Scopus e (e f (f PsycInfo terms Pedagogical OR Model, , AND Sports “Sports Physical Education. . Education” 2 criteria biasquality bias quality scale 41.7%, 417 41.7% 41 7 41.7%) TGfU 33.3%, 333 33.3% 33 3 33.3%) TG 4.2% 42 4 HM 20.8%. 208 20.8% 20 8 20.8%) SEM, TGfUTG decisionmaking. decisionmaking decision making. making decision-making involvement execution sex level groups experience content 41.7 33.3 4.2 20.8 41. 33. 4. 20.

Abstract The production of meals in Food Service (FS) corresponds to a series of steps that require the use of resources such as food, water, and energy and generate solid waste, requiring the adoption of strategies to minimize damage to the environment and protect workers´ health. This research aimed to develop and validate an environmental performance assessment instrument for FS. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out from August 2022 to August 2023 in four stages: 1) Development of an environmental performance assessment instrument in FS; 2) validation of the instrument's content by a panel of experts; 3) Analysis of the reliability of the validated instrument, using the Pearson correlation test and 4) Assessment of internal consistency through the application of the instrument in twelve FS and the evaluation of the correlation of the checklist items using the Cronbach's Alpha index. The instrument developed comprised 77 items addressing aspects of environmental performance and environmental conditions in meal production. Eight experts participated in the content validation in two rounds of evaluation to obtain consensus, calculated by the content validity index (CVI). The items of the validated instrument presented a Pearson coefficient equal to 1 (r = 1) and Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.9391, providing maximum reliability and high consistency. It is concluded that the checklist developed presented content validity, reliability, and internal consistency, proving to be an important instrument to assist nutritionists and food service managers in establishing goals for the production of healthy and sustainable meals. (FS water waste workers health descriptive crosssectional cross sectional 202 stages 2 instruments s 3 4 Cronbachs Cronbach 7 consensus CVI. CVI . (CVI) r 09391 0 9391 0.9391 20 (CVI 0939 939 0.939 093 93 0.93 09 9 0.9 0.

Abstract Background Alcohol, a widely abused drug, significantly diminishes life quality, causing chronic diseases and psychiatric issues, with severe health, societal, and economic repercussions. Previously, we demonstrated that non-voluntary alcohol consumption increases the opening of Cx43 hemichannels and Panx1 channels in astrocytes from adolescent rats. However, whether ethanol directly affects astroglial hemichannels and, if so, how this impacts the function and survival of astrocytes remains to be elucidated. Results Clinically relevant concentrations of ethanol boost the opening of Cx43 hemichannels and Panx1 channels in mouse cortical astrocytes, resulting in the release of ATP and glutamate. The activation of these large-pore channels is dependent on Toll-like receptor 4, P2X7 receptors, IL-1β and TNF-α signaling, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, and inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase. Notably, the ethanol-induced opening of Cx43 hemichannels and Panx1 channels leads to alterations in cytokine secretion, NO production, gliotransmitter release, and astrocyte reactivity, ultimately impacting survival. Conclusion Our study reveals a new mechanism by which ethanol impairs astrocyte function, involving the sequential stimulation of inflammatory pathways that further increase the opening of Cx43 hemichannels and Panx1 channels. We hypothesize that targeting astroglial hemichannels could be a promising pharmacological approach to preserve astrocyte function and synaptic plasticity during the progression of various alcohol use disorders.

Abstract There is currently no consensus on whether to initiate molnupiravir treatment for all outpatients at high risk of severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. PubMed, Embase and Cochrane databases were systematically searched for studies that allocated COVID-19 high-risk, non-hospitalized patients to molnupiravir or a control. We computed risk ratios (RR) for binary endpoints, with 95% confidence intervals (CI), random effects model was used and a p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. We analyzed data into Review Manager 5.4. We included seven randomized studies, with total of 31,569 patients , of whom 15,706 (50.8%) underwent molnupiravir therapy. Molnupiravir therapy was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality rate in this population compared with control (RR 0.31; 95% CI 0.12–0.80; P= 0.02; I 2 : 0%) and in hospital admission (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.66–0.94; P= 0.007; I 2 : 47%). The use of molnupiravir was not associated with a significant reduction of all-cause mortality or hospital admission for subgroups including only patients with cardiovascular disease (RR 0.79; 95% CI 0.45–1.39; P= 0.41; I2: 0%) and diabetes (RR 0.85; 95% CI 0.51–1.42; P= 0.32; I2: 0%). Our results suggest that molnupiravir use might be considered in high-risk of severity disease, non-hospitalized patients. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV SARS-CoV- infection PubMed COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 highrisk, highrisk risk, nonhospitalized non hospitalized RR endpoints 95 CI, (CI) pvalue p value 005 0 05 <0.0 54 5 4 5.4 31569 31 569 31,56 15706 15 706 15,70 50.8% 508 50 8 (50.8% allcause cause 0.31 031 0.12–0.80 012080 12 80 P 0.02 002 02 0% 0.79 079 79 0.66–0.94 066094 66 94 0.007 0007 007 47%. 47 47% . 47%) 0.45–1.39 045139 45 1 39 0.41 041 41 I2 0.85 085 85 0.51–1.42 051142 51 42 0.32 032 32 0%. SARS-CoV COVID1 COVID- 9 (CI 00 <0. 5. 3156 3 56 31,5 1570 70 15,7 50.8 (50.8 0.3 03 0.12–0.8 01208 0.0 0.7 07 7 0.66–0.9 06609 6 0.00 000 0.45–1.3 04513 0.4 04 0.8 08 0.51–1.4 05114 <0 315 31, 157 15, 50. (50. 0. 0.12–0. 0120 0.66–0. 0660 0.45–1. 0451 0.51–1. 0511 < (50 0.12–0 012 0.66–0 066 0.45–1 045 0.51–1 051 (5 0.12– 01 0.66– 06 0.45– 0.51– ( 0.12 0.66 0.45 0.51 0.1 0.6 0.5

RESUMO: Técnicas colorimétricas, como sais de tetrazólio e resazurina, são indicadores de viabilidade (atividade respiratória) de fungos, bactérias e sementes, amplamente utilizados em diferentes áreas de pesquisa. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um protocolo com dois métodos, qualitativo e quantitativo, de triagem para detecção da viabilidade de Fusarium semitectum em sementes de soja, utilizando 2,3,5-trifenil cloreto de tetrazólio (TZ). O delineamento experimental utilizado foi inteiramente casualizado (DIC) em arranjo fatorial triplo (tempos de incubação, concentrações de TZ e diluições seriadas de inóculo) com níveis de 3, 5 e 5 de cada fator, respectivamente, com 3 repetições em ambos os métodos. Para o método qualitativo, a sensibilidade foi mais satisfatória no tempo de 72h, na concentração mínima de TZ de 0,1 mg mL-1 e com a concentração de inóculo 10⁻¹. No método quantitativo (espectrofotometria) não foi possível quantificar as Unidades Formadoras de Colônias (UFC) em placas, sendo a Densidade Óptica (DO) interferida pela estrutura do micélio no microtubo, embora seja uma metodologia reprodutível está condicionada pela morfologia do fungo. O presente estudo permitiu fácil visualização das estruturas de F. semitectum em sementes de soja, a partir do TZ, porém não foi possível quantificar a densidade de inóculo devido a baixa produção de esporos precisando de maiores ajustes na metodologia. RESUMO colorimétricas resazurina atividade respiratória fungos pesquisa métodos soja 2,3,5trifenil 235trifenil trifenil 2,3,5 2 TZ. . (TZ) DIC (DIC tempos incubação fator respectivamente 72h h 01 0 1 0, mL1 mL mL- 10¹ 10 ¹ 10⁻¹ espectrofotometria (espectrofotometria UFC (UFC placas DO (DO microtubo fungo F 5trifenil 235 2,3, (TZ 10⁻ 23 2,3 2,

ABSTRACT: Colorimetric techniques, such as tetrazolium salts and resazurin, are indicators of viability (respiratory activity) of fungi, bacteria, and seeds widely used in different areas of research. The objective of this study was to develop a protocol with two screening methods, qualitative and quantitative, to detect the viability of Fusarium semitectum in soybean seeds using 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TZ). The experimental design was completely randomized in a triple factorial arrangement (incubation times, TZ concentrations, and inoculum serial dilutions) with levels of 3, 5, and 5 of each factor, respectively, and 3 replications in both methods. For the qualitative method, sensitivity was more satisfactory at 72 hours, at the minimum TZ concentration of 0.1 mg mL-1, and with the inoculum concentration of 10-¹. In the quantitative method (spectrophotometry), it was not possible to quantify the colony forming units (CFU) on plates, with the Optical Density (OD) being interfered with by structure of the mecelium in the microtube. Although it is a reproducible methodology, it is conditioned by fungal morphology. The present study allowed easy visualization of the structures of F. semitectum in soybean seeds, based on the TZ. However, it was not possible to quantify the inoculum density, due to low spore production, requiring greater adjustments in the methodology. ABSTRACT techniques resazurin respiratory activity fungi bacteria research methods 2,3,5triphenyl 235triphenyl triphenyl 2,3,5 2 . (TZ) incubation times concentrations dilutions factor respectively 7 hours 01 0 1 0. mL1, mL1 mL 1, mL-1 10¹. 10¹ 10 ¹. ¹ 10-¹ spectrophotometry, spectrophotometry , (spectrophotometry) CFU (CFU plates OD (OD microtube methodology morphology F However density production 5triphenyl 235 2,3, (TZ mL- 10- (spectrophotometry 23 2,3 2,