ABSTRACT Background: Territoriality is configured as an important axis of inequality. The objective of this study was to determine the level of association between territory and vulnerability, specifying proposals for territorial intervention using key socio-health indicators. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study, which combined the analysis of the Health Survey Madrid City 2017 (n=9,513) and the vulnerability-ranking indicator of the same year (n=2,780,197), population of the city of Madrid in 2017, from the Data Bank of the Madrid City Council), prepared with the hierarchical analysis technique. Sociodemographic and health variables were included, such as self-perception of health status, quality of life in relation to health, tobacco consumption, alcohol, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and mental health (GHQ-12). The relationships were assessed with DE, 95% CI, Spearman correlation, B and β coefficients of multiple linear regression and the pair-point technique. Results: The links between health and vulnerability were: in health-self-perceived and HRQL, as global health variables, p<0.01 for women with territory and vulnerability; sedentary lifestyle for both sexes, was interpreted with 60-80% by territory and vulnerability; obesity was slightly linked to the territory in women and explained 77%; mental health was not territorially related for the group, but it was significantly related to women, due to 64% of the variance; in tobacco there was a significant territorial link in men and vulnerability in 57%; finally, alcohol had a significant difference in men at the territorial level and explained in 72% in both sexes, inverted. Conclusions: The results support the behavior of global and specific health indicators with vulnerability, with a disaggregation by sex, which will allow planning adapted to the territory.

RESUMEN Fundamentos: La territorialidad se configura como un eje importante de desigualdad. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el nivel de asociación entre territorio y vulnerabilidad, concretando propuestas de intervención territorial mediante indicadores clave socio-sanitarios. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico, que combinó el análisis de la Encuesta de Salud de la Ciudad de Madrid de 2017 (n=9.513) y el indicador de vulnerabilidad-ranking del mismo año (n=2.780.197, población de la ciudad de Madrid en 2017, procedente del Banco de Datos del Ayuntamiento de Madrid), elaborado con la técnica de análisis jerárquico. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas y de salud, como autopercepción del estado de salud, calidad de vida en relación con la salud, consumo de tabaco, alcohol, obesidad, sedentarismo y salud mental (GHQ-12). Las relaciones se valoraron con DE, IC 95%, correlación de Spearman, coeficientes B y β de regresión lineal múltiple y la técnica de pares de puntos. Resultados: Los vínculos entre salud y vulnerabilidad fueron: en salud-autopercibida y CVRS, como variables globales de salud, p<0,01 para las mujeres con territorio y vulnerabilidad; en sedentarismo para ambos sexos, se interpretó con el 60-80% por el territorio y vulnerabilidad; la obesidad se vinculó levemente con el territorio en las mujeres y explicó el 77%; la salud mental no se relacionó territorialmente para el conjunto, pero sí de forma significativa en las mujeres, por el 64% de la varianza; en tabaco hubo vínculo significativo territorial en hombres y vulnerabilidad en el 57%; finalmente, el alcohol tuvo una diferencia significativa en hombres a nivel territorial y explicó en el 72% en ambos sexos, de forma invertida. Conclusiones: Los resultados avalan el comportamiento de los indicadores globales y específicos de salud con la vulnerabilidad, con una desagregación por sexos, lo cual permitirá una planificación adaptada al territorio.

ABSTRACT Background: Territoriality is configured as an important axis of inequality. The objective of this study was to determine the level of association between territory and vulnerability, specifying proposals for territorial intervention using key socio-health indicators. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study, which combined the analysis of the Health Survey Madrid City 2017 (n=9,513) and the vulnerability-ranking indicator of the same year (n=2,780,197), population of the city of Madrid in 2017, from the Data Bank of the Madrid City Council), prepared with the hierarchical analysis technique. Sociodemographic and health variables were included, such as self-perception of health status, quality of life in relation to health, tobacco consumption, alcohol, obesity, sedentary lifestyle and mental health (GHQ-12). The relationships were assessed with DE, 95% CI, Spearman correlation, B and β coefficients of multiple linear regression and the pair-point technique. Results: The links between health and vulnerability were: in health-self-perceived and HRQL, as global health variables, p<0.01 for women with territory and vulnerability; sedentary lifestyle for both sexes, was interpreted with 60-80% by territory and vulnerability; obesity was slightly linked to the territory in women and explained 77%; mental health was not territorially related for the group, but it was significantly related to women, due to 64% of the variance; in tobacco there was a significant territorial link in men and vulnerability in 57%; finally, alcohol had a significant difference in men at the territorial level and explained in 72% in both sexes, inverted. Conclusions: The results support the behavior of global and specific health indicators with vulnerability, with a disaggregation by sex, which will allow planning adapted to the territory.

RESUMEN Fundamentos: La territorialidad se configura como un eje importante de desigualdad. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el nivel de asociación entre territorio y vulnerabilidad, concretando propuestas de intervención territorial mediante indicadores clave socio-sanitarios. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal analítico, que combinó el análisis de la Encuesta de Salud de la Ciudad de Madrid de 2017 (n=9.513) y el indicador de vulnerabilidad-ranking del mismo año (n=2.780.197, población de la ciudad de Madrid en 2017, procedente del Banco de Datos del Ayuntamiento de Madrid), elaborado con la técnica de análisis jerárquico. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas y de salud, como autopercepción del estado de salud, calidad de vida en relación con la salud, consumo de tabaco, alcohol, obesidad, sedentarismo y salud mental (GHQ-12). Las relaciones se valoraron con DE, IC 95%, correlación de Spearman, coeficientes B y β de regresión lineal múltiple y la técnica de pares de puntos. Resultados: Los vínculos entre salud y vulnerabilidad fueron: en salud-autopercibida y CVRS, como variables globales de salud, p<0,01 para las mujeres con territorio y vulnerabilidad; en sedentarismo para ambos sexos, se interpretó con el 60-80% por el territorio y vulnerabilidad; la obesidad se vinculó levemente con el territorio en las mujeres y explicó el 77%; la salud mental no se relacionó territorialmente para el conjunto, pero sí de forma significativa en las mujeres, por el 64% de la varianza; en tabaco hubo vínculo significativo territorial en hombres y vulnerabilidad en el 57%; finalmente, el alcohol tuvo una diferencia significativa en hombres a nivel territorial y explicó en el 72% en ambos sexos, de forma invertida. Conclusiones: Los resultados avalan el comportamiento de los indicadores globales y específicos de salud con la vulnerabilidad, con una desagregación por sexos, lo cual permitirá una planificación adaptada al territorio.

Abstract Phenylketonuria (PKU, OMIM 261600) is predominantly caused by mutations in the PAH gene. One hundred and three Argentine PKU patients were studied by Sanger sequencing; 101 were completely characterized (90.3% were compound heterozygotes). Fifty-four different pathogenic variants were identified. Mutations were distributed all along the PAH gene but concentrated in exon 7 (26%), 12 (12%), 11 (10%), and 6 (10%). 77% were missense, and 77% affected the enzyme catalytic domain, nine mutations accounted for 57% of 179 studied alleles: p.Arg261Gln (Allele frequency(AF):10.6%), c.1066-11G>A (AF:9,5%), p.Arg408Trp (AF:8,3%), p.Tyr414Cys (AF:5,5%), p.Ala403Val, p.Val388Met, and p.Arg158Gln (AF: 5% each), p.Leu48Ser, and p.Ile65Thr (AF:4% each). The predicted phenotype was assigned by Guldberg´s arbitrary value (AV) and compared with the clinical phenotype based in tolerance to Phe intake. 29.1% (n:30) were hyperphenylalaninemias, 18.5% (n:19) mild-PKU, 27.2% (n:28) moderate-PKU and 25.2 % (n:26) classical-PKU. Genotype/phenotype correlation was statistically significant (p<0.001) Overall concordance was 62,5%: 93.3% in hyperphenylalaninemia, 64.7% in mild-PKU and 65.4% in classical patients. The moderate-PKU showed a weak concordance (17%) with milder AV prediction than clinical assessment. 74% of discordant moderate patients harbored p.Arg261Gln, and p.Val388Met. Our cohort is highly heterogeneous, with predominant Mediterranean influence (mainly Spanish), but with differences with other Latin-American countries.

A resistência do solo à penetração é relacionada com a textura, compactação e umidade do solo. No presente trabalho se estudou o efeito da interação desses fatores sobre o crescimento de raízes de milho. Materiais de solo com 22, 30, 34, 41 e 48% de argila foram acondicionados em tubos de PVC de 10 cm com 4,3 cm de diâmetro interno, nas densidades globais de 1,07, 1,18, 1,36 e 1,53 g cm-3, em três tensões de água: -0,034, -0,106 e -0,640 MPa. Plântulas de milho foram cultivadas nos tubos por 48 horas. Quando a densidade do solo é baixa, a textura tem papel preponderante no crescimento radicular. Esse efeito é menor à medida que aumenta a densidade global. O aumento da resistência do solo à penetração causa diminuição no comprimento e número de raízes seminais adventícias; a raiz seminal primária mostra menor capacidade de penetração do que as raízes seminais adventícias. Resistências do solo à penetração da ordem de 1,3 MPa reduzem à metade o crescimento das raízes seminais adventícias do milho.

The soil resistance to penetration is affected by soil texture, compaction and moisture content. In this paper, the effects of the interaction of these factors on corn root growth was studied. Soil materials with 22, 30, 34, 41 and 48% of clay were packed in PVC tubes 10 cm high, with 4.3 cm of internal diameter to reach bulk densities of 1.07, 1.18, 1.36 and 1.53 g cm-3. Water was added to reach water potentials of -0.034, -0.106 and -0.640 MPa. Corn seedlings were grown in the tubes for 48 hours. When the soil bulk density was low, root growth was affected mainly by soil texture. As soil bulk density increased, there was a decrease in the effect of soil texture on root growth. The increase in soil strength caused a decrease in root length and in the number of seminal adventitious roots. The primary roots showed a lower penetration ability when compared to seminal adventitious roots. A soil resitance of 1.3 MPa caused a 50% decrease in seminal adventitious corn roots.

Grãos de amendoim (Arachis hypogaea L.) destinados ao consumo humano permanecem armazenados até sua utilização; daí, a necessidade de que o produto tenha alta qualidade e óleo estável. Em função disso, desenvolveu-se um experimento com amendoim para avaliar o efeito da calagem e da secagem no teor de proteína e na composição dos grãos, com relação aos ácidos graxos. O amendoim cv. Botutatu foi cultivado num latossolo vermelho-escuro de textura média, em São Manuel (SP) sendo os tratamentos das parcelas sem ou com calagem (2,05 t/ha), elevando a saturação por bases a 56%. Os tratamentos das subparcelas foram os métodos de secagem: (1) à sombra; (2) ao sol; (3) ao sol até 24,7% de umidade das sementes e (4) ao sol até 35,9% de umidade das sementes. Os dois últimos tratamentos terminaram a secagem na estufa a 30oC, até atingir 10% de umidade. Determinou-se o teor de proteína e de ácidos graxos. A calagem resultou em aumento no teor de proteína; entretanto, não teve efeito na composição e na qualidade do óleo, e o sistema de secagem não teve efeito no teor de proteína nem na composição do óleo.

Peanut grains for human consumption are usually stored for some period before use. The storage time depends on the product quality and oil stability. An experiment was conducted to study the effects of liming and drying methods on protein contents and fatty acids composition of peanut grains. Peanut was grown in a Dark Red Latosol (Haplortox, sandy loam) in São Manuel, São Paulo State, Brazil. Lime treatments were applied to the plots: 0 and 2.05 t/ha (soil base saturation raised to 56%). The drying methods were applied as sub-plots: (1). Shadow; (2). Field; (3). Field down to 24.7% of humidity of the seeds and (4). Field down to 35.9% of humidity of the seeds. The hulls of treatments 3 and 4 had their drying finished in an air forced oven at 30 °C and they were dried to 10% of humidity. There was an increase in grain protein contents due to liming, but there was no effect of lime on oil contents or quality. Drying methods had no effect on protein and oil contents or oil quality.