ABSTRACT Shade-tolerant soybean genotypes will allow their greater adoption for use in agroforestry or intercropped systems in tropical and subtropical regions. These genotypes can be obtained from the selection of existing superior genotypes or through breeding programs. This study, was verified such genetic variability and select those genotypes with cultivation potential at reduced levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). Morphophysiological and yield characteristics of 16 soybean genotypes were evaluated in two experiments conducted in a controlled environment and laid in a randomized block design with three replications. Genetic parameters, correlations and genetic diversity were estimated and path analysis was performed. The soybean cultivars used showed genetic variability with a high variation index and heritability, which is advantageous for the selection of superior cultivars. Leaf area showed genotypic correlation and had a direct effect on seed weight per plant, regardless of shading. Additionally, the number of pods, hypocotyl diameter, and leaf area, all indirectly contributed to seed weight per plant regardless of shading. Seven genotypes (NS7780, NS8338, NS7667, NS7901, RK8115, CZ37B43 and 8579RSF) were selected based on genetic gain obtained by the Mulamba and Mock index at the two levels of PAR reduction tested. Furthermore, five of these genotypes (CZ37B43, RK8115, NS7901, NS8338 and 8579RSF) were identified by the Unweighted Pair-Group method Arithmetic Mean, as suitable either as a shaded crop or, as parental materials in breeding programs. Shadetolerant Shade tolerant regions programs study PAR. . (PAR) 1 replications parameters performed heritability shading Additionally pods diameter NS7780, NS7780 NS (NS7780 NS7667 NS7901 RK8115 RK CZB CZ B CZ37B4 8579RSF RSF tested Furthermore CZ37B43, (CZ37B43 NS833 PairGroup Pair Group Mean (PAR NS778 (NS778 NS766 NS790 RK811 CZ37B (CZ37B4 NS83 NS77 (NS77 NS76 NS79 RK81 (CZ37B NS8 NS7 (NS7 RK8 (NS

ABSTRACT present study aimed to determine the effects of different light restriction levels (shading levels) on soybean genetic parameters using a Bayesian multi-trait model (MTM) and select high-yielding soybean cultivars. Eighteen commercial soybean cultivars bred in a soybean breeding program were evaluated over two agricultural seasons. Three shading levels were used over two agricultural crop seasons, giving six treatments (light restriction × crop season). The experiments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with six treatments replicated thrice. The genetic values and parameters were estimated using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain algorithm. Broad-sense heritability range from 0.2093 to 0.7153. The lowest genotypic variance estimate was observed at the 45 % photosynthetically active radiation level in the 2019/2020 crop season year compared with that of other shading levels. Furthermore, a 40 % selection intensity had the highest soybean yield under different shading levels. The Bayesian MTM combined with the factor analysis and genotype-ideotype distance method can be used to evaluate and select soybean genotypes considering different shading levels. The soybean cultivars 8579RSF, NS8338, NS7901, NS7667, RK8115, and 8473RSF had higher genetic potential than other cultivars under different shading levels. multitrait multi trait (MTM highyielding high yielding seasons season. . season) thrice algorithm Broadsense Broad sense 02093 0 2093 0.209 07153 7153 0.7153 4 20192020 2019 2020 2019/202 Furthermore genotypeideotype genotype ideotype 8579RSF RSF NS8338 NS NS7901 NS7667 RK8115 RK 0209 209 0.20 0715 715 0.715 2019202 201 202 2019/20 NS833 NS790 NS766 RK811 020 20 0.2 071 71 0.71 201920 2019/2 NS83 NS79 NS76 RK81 02 2 0. 07 7 0.7 20192 2019/ NS8 NS7 RK8

Abstract The aim of this study was to identify, through different methodologies, soybean cultivars with adaptability and stability for grain yield in environments with different levels of light restriction. The grain yield of sixteen cultivars was evaluated in environments with 25% and 48% restriction of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in the agricultural years 2019/2020 and 2021/2022. Based on the results, an adaptability and stability analysis was performed using the Eberhart and Russell, ANN (Artificial Neural Network) and GGE (Genotype plus Genotype-Environment interaction) methods. Grain yield varied with the levels of PAR restriction and agricultural years, being higher in environments A3 (2021/2022 25% PAR) and A1 (2019/2020 25% PAR), respectively. Cultivars NS7780, 8579RSF, NS8338 and RK6718 showed higher yield. The adaptability of cultivars AS3680, M7110, and 74177RSF was low, while that of NS8338 and NS7780 was high. Cultivars NS8338, 74177RSF, RK7518, and M6210 showed high phenotypic stability to environments. identify methodologies 25 48 (PAR 20192020 2019 2020 2019/202 20212022 2021 2022 2021/2022 results Russell Artificial Network Genotype GenotypeEnvironment Environment interaction methods A (2021/202 (2019/202 PAR, , respectively NS 8579RSF RSF NS833 RK RK671 AS3680 AS M7110 M low NS778 RK7518 M621 2 4 2019202 201 202 2019/20 2021202 2021/202 (2021/20 (2019/20 NS83 RK67 AS368 M711 NS77 RK751 M62 201920 20 2019/2 202120 2021/20 (2021/2 (2019/2 NS8 RK6 AS36 M71 NS7 RK75 M6 20192 2019/ 20212 2021/2 (2021/ (2019/ AS3 M7 RK7 2021/ (2021 (2019 (202 (201 (20 (2 (

ABSTRACT. There is currently a lack of information in the literature on the integrated production of macauba (Acrocomia aculeata) and soybean (Glycine max) crops, and the importance of expanding integrated production systems; therefore, the objective of this work was to identify the effects of macauba shading on growth, development, and productivity of different soybean cultivars. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme (4 × 2), with four cultivars and two production systems (monoculture and crop-forest integration), and four replicates per treatment. All soybean cultivars in the crop-forest integration system showed plant stagnation due to the shade level of the palm trees, as well as a reduction in the leaf area index and chlorophyll content in the leaves. Regarding reproductive parameters, grain, and oil yield, the cultivars responded differently between the production systems, revealing an interaction between the genotype and the environment. Our methodology was not favorable to soybean production; therefore, the management of spacing between palm trees and the selection of soybean genotypes that are more adapted to shaded environments are strategies that can allow for the integrated production of these species. ABSTRACT Acrocomia aculeata Glycine max crops therefore growth development 4 ( 2, 2 , 2) monoculture cropforest crop forest integration, integration) treatment leaves parameters grain yield environment species

Abstract Carioca grains are the most cultivated commercial group of common bean and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. phaseoli (Fop) is an important disease under field conditions. Genetic resistance is the most effective control strategy. Thus, our objective was to study the inheritance of Fop resistance in the carioca grain type common bean. Lines CNFC 11965 (S) and CVIII 8511 (R) were crossed to obtain F1 and F2 generations and backcrosses, inoculated with the isolate FOP UFV 01, and severity grades used to estimate genetic parameters. Segregation of resistant and susceptible plants in the F2 generations and backcrosses resulted in dominant monogenic inheritance of Fop resistance. The high values of heritability emphasized the probability of success in the selection processes because environmental factors were not significant. The carioca grain line CVIII 8511 is promising, and its Fop resistance gene can be transferred to commercial cultivars of this group using the backcross method.

RESUMO: O lançamento de forrageiras resultantes de programas de melhoramento genético tem sido importante fonte de liberação de novas forrageiras mais adaptadas e competitivas. Nessas situações, a avaliação do valor genético é essencial quando se objetiva ranquear os genótipos com base no valor genotípico, isento dos efeitos ambientais. O objetivo com este trabalho foi estimar e avaliar o valor genotípico de características agronômicas e de valor nutritivo de três progênies de P. maximum, resultantes do cruzamento entre duas progenitoras sexuais e as cultivares ‘Mombaça’ e ‘Tanzânia’. O experimento foi implantado em teste clonal no delineamento em blocos incompletos com três tratamentos (progênies 1, 2 e 3) com duas repetições (clones). Os híbridos foram manejados por meio de cortes na altura de 25cm do nível do solo por um ano, realizando seis cortes. A progênie 2 proporcionou melhores resultados para produção de folhas, rebrota, altura de planta e baixa incidência de mancha foliar causada por Bipolaris maydis. As progênies 1 e 3 apresentaram, em média, melhores resultados para características qualitativas como proteína bruta e digestibilidade e menor teor de lignina. As progênies híbridas de P. maximum apresentam características forrageiras de interesse para o melhoramento, sendo que a utilização do capim-mombaça como parental proporciona maior produção de folhas e resistência à mancha foliar, ao passo que o capim-tanzânia como parental proporciona melhoria da qualidade da forragem.

ABSTRACT: Genetic breeding of forage plants has increasingly contributed to the release of more productive plants. In this regard, evaluating the genotypic value is essential when aiming to rank genotypes based on the mean free of environmental factors. Therefore, this study aimed to predict the genotypic value of agronomic and nutritive value characters of three progenies of Panicum maximum. Hybrids were evaluated in a clonal test in an incomplete-randomized design with three treatments (progenies 1, 2, and 3) and two replications (clones). Six harvests were performed at 25cm from the ground level throughout one year. Progeny 2 provided better results for total and leaf dry mass yield, regrowth, and height, and lower incidence of leaf spot. Progenies 1 and 3 had a better response for qualitative characters such as higher crude protein and digestibility and lower lignin and fiber content. Hybrid progenies of P. maximum have forage characters of interest for breeding, and when using ‘Mombaça’ grass as parents, the progeny stands out for leaf production and resistance to leaf spot and for ‘Tanzania’ grass as parent has resulted in better forage quality.

RESUMO O uso da biomassa para fins energéticos tem sido destaque como forma de reduzir a dependência energética de fontes não renováveis. A macaúba, espécie Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Martius, é uma palmeira arborescente. Possui um grande potencial energético a partir do processamento de seus frutos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi caracterizar os resíduos da macaúba após o processamento dos frutos, a fim de avaliar a sua utilização in natura e como carvão vegetal. O endocarpo apresentou teor de carbono fixo, poder calorífico e densidade a granel superiores, quando comparado aos demais resíduos e menores teores de cinza. O poder calorífico do carvão do endocarpo foi superior, enquanto que os teores de materiais voláteis do carvão do epicarpo apresentaram os maiores resultados. Todos os resíduos avaliados do processamento do fruto da macaúba têm potencial na geração de energia, especialmente o endocarpo e o epicarpo. O carvão do endocarpo possui características adequadas para sua utilização como fonte de energia e como redutor.

ABSTRACT The use of biomass for energy purposes has been highlighted in as a way to reduce dependence on non-renewable energy sources. Macaw palm, Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Martius, is an arborescent palm and has a high energy potential from the fruit processing. The aim of this study was to characterize the macaw palm residues after the fruit processing to evaluate its use "in natura" and as charcoal. The endocarp showed higher fixed carbon content, heating value and bulk density compared with other residues and lower ashes content. The heating value of endocarp charcoal was the highest, whereas the volatile matter levels of epicarp charcoal showed higher results. All evaluated residues from the macaw palm fruit processing have potential in power generation, especially the endocarp and the epicarp. The endocarp charcoal has suitable characteristics as source of energy and as a reductant.