ABSTRACT The main objective of this study was to define the type of teacher training that, through experiential learning, helps to strengthen communication skills in early childhood children. The methodology used was a quantitative approach, in a survey applied to 15 early childhood teachers from a Guayaquil educational unit, which obtained a Cronbach's Alpha reliability of 0.938 and which indicated that although the indexes were not bad, it would be necessary to work on the Reflective observation and abstract conceptualization that reflected a correlation with 0.562, that is, the lowest of all. It is concluded that the action plan is to strengthen teachers in these areas.

RESUMEN El objetivo principal de este estudio fue definir el tipo de formación docente que a través del aprendizaje experiencial ayude al fortalecimiento de las competencias comunicativas en niños de educación inicial. La metodología utilizada fue de enfoque cuantitativo, en una encuesta aplicada a 15 docentes de educación inicial de una unidad educativa guayaquileña, la que obtuvo una fiabilidad Alfa de Cronbach de 0,938 y que indicó que, aunque los índices no eran malos, habría que trabajar en la observación reflexiva y la conceptualización abstracta que reflejaron una correlación con 0,562, es decir la más bajas de todas. Se concluye que el plan de acción es fortalecer a los docentes en estas áreas.

ABSTRACT The problem that was found was the low quality in the critical reading tests of the students of the first semester of university. The objective was to identify the impact that digital constructivist platforms have with the strengthening of critical reading in university students. The population studied was that of students from the first semester of the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Guayaquil. They added 603 in total and with this a sample of 235 was obtained. The reliability index of Cronbach´s Alpha resulted in 0.93. The hypothesis demonstrated are that students believe that a digital platform helps critical reading and that students reading reaches the standards below 80%. It is concluded that there is a positive and direct correlation between the variables Digital platforms Critical reading that reaches at least 80% of impact, as stated in the research topic. It is recommended to design a platform with an educational model that helps adolescents improve their critical reading.

RESUMEN El problema que se encontró fue la baja calidad en las pruebas de lectura crítica, de los estudiantes del primer semestre de universidad. El objetivo trazado fue de identificar el impacto que tienen las plataformas constructivistas digitales con el fortalecimiento de la lectura crítica en estudiantes universitarios. La población estudiada fue la de estudiantes del primer semestre de la Facultad de Filosofía de la Universidad de Guayaquil. Sumaron 603 en total y con ello se obtuvo una muestra de 235. El índice de fiabilidad del Alfa de Cronbach resultó en 0.93. La hipótesis demostradas son que los estudiantes creen que una plataforma digital ayuda a lectura crítica y que la lectura de los estudiantes llega a los estándares debajo del 80%. Se concluyen que existe una correlación positivas y directa entre las variables plataformas digitales, se recomienda, diseñar una plataforma con un modelo educativo que ayude a adolescentes a mejorar su lectura crítica.

Abstract: Fifty-five adult Dicrocoelium rileyiMacy, 1931 parasitizing Tadarida brasiliensis (Geoffroy, 1824) from Durango, Nuevo Leon, Puebla, Zacatecas and Mexico State were morphologically described and morphometrically analyzed. To evaluate the degree of variation among populations from the five localities, 27 morphometric measures of this species were transformed into an orthogonal factor by principal component analysis (PCA), and a posterior comparison among populations was performed using discriminant analysis of principal components (DAPC). Significant differences were observed with exceptions between the Puebla – Zacatecas and Nuevo Leon – Mexico State populations when forming three groups with an 88 % assignation. The Durango population was the most dissimilar population. These results show that the morphological traits of D. rileyi are variable among the populations in this study due to local intraspecific variation; however, some of the specimens present in the distinct localities may represent different species. Molecular analysis is necessary to accurately define whether the populations involved in our study constitute one or several species.