ABSTRACT In viticulture, training systems and rootstocks are crucial factors in the growth and development of plants, thus affecting the production and quality of grapes. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the best combination of rootstock and training system for ‘Sauvignon Blanc’, in Jundiaí, state of São Paulo, Brazil. To assess the data, a randomized block design in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme was used, that is, two rootstocks (‘IAC 766 Campinas’ and ‘106-8 Mgt’) and two training systems (low and high espaliers), with four replications. The characteristics assessed were production, physicochemical analysis and concentration of bioactive compounds. With regard to the physicochemical composition of the grape must, the results indicated that the tested combinations are within the standard requirements for the winemaking industry; outcomes may change according to the rootstock used, i.e., an increase in production or an increase in the nutritional quality of the fruits. Nevertheless, ‘106-8 Mgt’ rootstock showed great yield in both training systems, that is, an increase of up to 80%. Finally, ‘Sauvignon Blanc’ must be grafted on to ‘IAC 766 Campinas’ rootstock through a low espalier system to achieve a high content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, and high antioxidant activity.

Resumen El tomate es un fruto rico en compuestos antioxidantes y tiene gran importancia nutricional y económica; anualmente se promueve investigaciones relacionadas con las características nutricionales y productivas. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar si la aplicación foliar de productos comerciales a base de reguladores vegetales [auxina, citocinina y giberelina (Ax+CK+GA)], micronutrientes [cobalto y molibdeno (Mi)] y mezcla de macro y micronutrientes [nitrógeno, boro, cobre, molibdeno y zinc (Ma+Mi)], de forma individual y combinada, sobre el aumento de la productividad y mejora de la calidad poscosecha de los frutos de tomate (Predador F1). El diseño experimental consistió en bloques al azar, con siete tratamientos y cuatro repeticiones, siendo (T1) control; (T2) Ax+CK+GA; (T3) Ma + Mi; (T4) Mi; (T5) Ax+CK+GA + (Ma + Mi); (T6) Ax+CK+GA + Mi; (T7) Ax+CK+GA + Mi + (Ma+Mi). Se evaluaron las variables producción, precocidad, contenido de sólidos solubles (SS), acidez titulable (AT), relación SS/AT, pH, azúcares solubles totales, ácido ascórbico y pérdida de peso. La aplicación de Ax+CK+GA de forma individual o combinada con Ma+Mi promovió la precocidad, mientras el uso de Ax+CK+GA y Mi, de forma separada, mejoró la productividad del tomate. Los reguladores de crecimiento y los macro y micronutrientes, separados o combinados, proporcionaron un aumento en el contenido de ácido ascórbico en los frutos.

ABSTRACT The tomato fruit is rich in antioxidant compounds and has great nutritional and economic importance, annually promoting research on the nutritional and productive characteristics. The present study aimed to evaluate whether foliar application of commercial products based on growth regulators [auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin (Ax+CK+GA)], micronutrients [cobalt and molybdenum (Mi)] and mixtures of macro and micronutrients [nitrogen, boron, copper, molybdenum and zinc (Ma+Mi)], isolated and in combination, increase productivity and improve the post-harvest quality of tomato fruits (Predador F1). The experiment design used randomized blocks, with seven treatments and four repetitions, which were (T1) control; (T2) Ax+CK+GA; (T3) Ma + Mi; (T4) Mi; (T5) Ax+CK+GA + (Ma + Mi); (T6) Ax+CK+GA + Mi; and (T7) Ax+CK+GA + Mi + (Ma+Mi). The variables production, precocity, soluble solids content (SS), titrata-ble acidity (TA), ratio (SS/TA), pH, total soluble sugars, ascorbic acid and weight loss were evaluated. The Ax+CK+GA application, isolated or in combination with Ma+Mi, promoted the precocity, and the use of isolated Ax+CK+GA and Mi improved the tomato plant productivity. The growth regulators, macro and micronutrients, isolated or in combination, increased the ascorbic acid content in the fruits.

O experimento foi conduzido na área experimental da Universidade do Estado de Mato Grosso, localizada no município de Cáceres-MT, no período de maio a agosto de 2011, com o objetivo de avaliar a influência de diferentes ambientes e espaçamentos na produção e tolerância ao pendoamento de alface-romana cultivar Sophia. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados, arranjados em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, composto por dois espaçamentos (30 x 30 cm e 25 x 25 cm) e cinco ambientes de cultivo (tela de sombreamento 30 e 50% , tela termorrefletora de 30 e 50% e ambiente aberto), perfazendo 10 tratamentos com quatro repetições cada. As parcelas experimentais foram constituídas por quatro linhas, com cinco plantas cada, totalizando 20 plantas por parcela. Consideraram-se como área útil para avaliação da produção as seis plantas centrais. As parcelas em que foi utilizado o espaçamento 30 x 30 cm apresentavam 1,8 m² cada, e as com o espaçamento 25 x 25 cm, 1,5 m² cada. As mudas foram transplantadas com 26 dias e a colheita realizada aos 46 dias após o transplantio. Observou-se que o espaçamento de 25 x 25 cm entre plantas e o ambiente aberto proporcionaram maior produtividade da alface-romana. Porém, o tempo para pendoamento das plantas no ambiente aberto foi menor que nos ambientes com as telas de sombreamento ou termorrefletora.

The experiment was conducted at the Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso experimental area, in Cáceres, Mato Grosso State, from May to August 2011, with the objective of evaluating the influence of different environments and spacings in the production and tolerance to early bolting of romaine lettuce cultivar Sophia. The experimental design used was a randomized block design in a 2 x 5 factorial design, with two spacings (30 x 30 cm and 25 x 25 cm) and five protected environments (with 30 and 50% shade screens, 30 and 50% thermo-reflective screens and an open field), totaling ten treatments with four replicates each. The plots consisted of four rows with five plants each, totaling twenty plants per plot. The six central plants were considered as useful area for yield evaluation. The plots that used the spacing 30 x 30 cm had 1.8 m² each, and the 25 x 25 cm plots had 1.5 m² each. Seedlings were transplanted at 26 days and the crop was harvested 46 days after transplanting. The 25 x 25 cm spacing between plants and the open field provided the highest yield of romaine lettuce. However, the time for early bolting of plants in open field was shorter than in environments with shading screens or thermo-reflective screens.

Com o objetivo de indicar qual ambiente, telado ou campo aberto, fornece melhores condições para a produção e maior resistência ao pendoamento de diferentes cultivares de alface lisa, para as condições climáticas de Cáceres-MT, desenvolveu-se esse trabalho no período de fevereiro a abril de 2011. Foram avaliados vinte tratamentos, empregando o delineamento experimental em blocos casualizados em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, sendo cinco ambientes de cultivo (telas de sombreamento 30 e 50%, telas termo-refletoras 30 e 50% e campo aberto) e quatro cultivares de alface tipo lisa (Elisa, Elizabeth, Regiane e Regina), com quatro repetições. A colheita foi realizada aos 30 dias após o transplante. As cultivares de alface lisa mais produtivas foram Regiane, que obteve maior número de folhas e Regina com menor comprimento de caule. Os ambientes de cultivo que aumentaram a resistência ao pendoamento da alface foram as tela de sombreamento e termorefletora 50%. As cultivares não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre si quanto à resistência ao pendoamento.

This work was developed during the period of February to April, 2011, with the objective of indicating which environment, greenhouse or open field, provides better conditions for production, and greater resistance to bolting of different cultivars of loose-leaf lettuce, for the climatic conditions of Cáceres, Mato Grosso, Brazil, Twenty treatments were evaluated, using a randomized block experimental design in a 5 x 4 factorial of five environmental conditions (shading screens of 30 and 50%, heat-reflective screens of 30 and 50%, and open field) and four cultivars of loose-leaf lettuce (Elisa, Elizabeth, Regiane and Regina), with four replications. Harvesting was carried out 30 days after transplanting. The most productive lettuce cultivars were Regiane, which obtained the greatest number of leaves, and Regina with the smallest stem length. The environmental conditions that increased resistance to bolting in the lettuce were the shading and 50% heat-reflective screens. The cultivars themselves showed no significant differences for resistance to bolting.