Abstract Winged scapula is usually caused by neurological injuries to both the spinal nerve and the long thoracic nerve. Its presence as a result of a ventral scapular tumor makes initial diagnosis difficult. We present the case of a young woman with limited external shoulder rotation, no known traumatic history, and images consistent with a soft tissue lesion dependent on subscapular muscle aponeurosis, which was confirmed by biopsy as a desmoid tumor. Although it is a benign, self-limiting tumor, it has an alarmingly high rate of relapse after resection, so many treatments are available, and many teams choose to closely monitor the patient’s prognostic factors and functional limitations, obtaining satisfactory outcomes and, in some series, superior to those of surgical treatment.

Resumen La escápula alada suele producirse por lesiones neurológicas tanto del nervio espinal como del nervio torácico largo. La aparición a causa de un tumor ventral de la escápula dificulta su diagnóstico inicial. Presentamos el caso de una mujer joven, con limitación para la rotación externa del hombro, sin antecedentes traumáticos conocidos, evolución progresiva e imagen compatible con una lesión de partes blandas dependiente de la aponeurosis del músculo subescapular confirmada por biopsia como un tumor desmoide. Aunque se trata de un tumor benigno y autolimitado, tiene una inquietante alta tasa de recidivas después de la resección, por lo que se dispone de numerosos tratamientos y muchos grupos optan por hacer un seguimiento médico estrecho de los factores pronósticos y las limitaciones funcionales del paciente, con lo que obtienen resultados satisfactorios y, en algunas series, superiores a los del tratamiento quirúrgico.

ABSTRACT The distribution of Aspidoscelis gularis complex in Mexico has been difficult to model due to taxonomic problems facing its members; and because, published models exclude typical areas where taxa have been reported. The goal of this study was to update the information on the distribution of A. gularis complex and suggest a model applicable to species groups considered "complex", as well as to any taxonomic level. The generated information allowed developing a distribution model through Mahalanobis-typicality algorithm in IDRISI Taiga, validated using the area under the curve (AUC), with value of 0.932. The modeled distribution spanned in the states belonging to the Mexican Plateau. It was found that the taxa of the complex were associated with the Mexican Plateau's vegetation, classified as Chihuahuan desert. The vegetation was composed mainly by xeric scrub and grasslands, suggesting a factor that limits their distribution in northern and central Mexico, as it happens similar to other groups of reptiles.

RESUMEN La distribución del complejo Aspidoscelis gularis en México ha sido difícil de modelar debido a los problemas taxonómicos que enfrentan sus integrantes y a que los modelos publicados excluyen zonas típicas donde los taxones han sido reportados. El objetivo de este trabajo fue actualizar la información sobre la distribución del complejo A. gularis y proponer un modelo aplicable a grupos de especies considerados "complejos", así como a cualquier nivel taxonómico. La información generada permitió desarrollar un modelo de distribución con el algoritmo Tipicidad de Mahalanobis en IDRISI Taiga, que se validó con el área bajo la curva (AUC), con un valor de 0.932. La distribución modelada abarcó estados pertenecientes al Altiplano Mexicano. Se encontró que los taxones del complejo están asociados con la vegetación característica del Altiplano Mexicano, clasificada como desierto Chihuahuense, compuesta principalmente por matorrales xerófilos y pastizales, lo que sugiere un factor que limita su distribución en el norte hasta el centro de México, similar con otros grupos de reptiles.

The quality of the ornamental plants is closely related to their phytosanitary state, that, in turn, is affected by the activity of some insect groups. Aphids are common pests of nearly all kinds of plants, ornamental plants among them. The fauna associated with aphids that colonize ornamental plants includes honey ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) that establish mutualistic relations, and some parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) that contribute to the control of the aphid population. Very little is known about the aphids and their associated fauna living on ornamental plants of Cordoba, Argentina. The goal of this work was to identify the aphids that colonize ornamental plants, as well as their associated honey ants and parasitoids. Samples of sprouts, leaves and/or flowers of aphid-colonized ornamental plants of the Jardín Botánico Municipal of Cordoba city were collected weekly, from October 2003 to November 2004. Whenever found, the associated honey ants and "mummies" of aphids atacked by parasitoids were also collected. One hundred and thirty two aphid-plant associations were registered, 64.4% of which were unknown in the country. In 33.3% of these associations, the aphids were tended by honey ants whereas the presence of aphid parasitoids was registered in 16.7%. Ninety five species of ornamental plants were colonized by 41 aphid species, whereas six ant species tended 10 aphid species. Aphid parasitoids were represented by four species related to 11 aphid species.

La calidad de las plantas ornamentales se relaciona estrechamente con su estado fitosanitario, que se ve afectado por la actividad de los insectos. Entre los principales insectos plagas se destacan los pulgones o áfidos. La fauna asociada con los áfidos que colonizan plantas ornamentales, incluye hormigas melívoras (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) que establecen relaciones de mutualismo; además, los microhimenópteros parasitoides de áfidos (Hymenoptera: Braconidae, Aphidiinae) contribuyen al control de estos insectos plaga. Se conoce muy poco sobre estos grupos de insectos en plantas ornamentales de Córdoba, Argentina. El objetivo de este trabajo es dar a conocer los áfidos que colonizan plantas ornamentales, como así también las hormigas melívoras y parasitoides asociados. Para ello, brotes, hojas y/o flores de las plantas ornamentales colonizadas por áfidos fueron colectadas semanalmente en el Jardín Botánico Municipal de la ciudad de Córdoba, desde Octubre 2003 a Noviembre 2004. También se colectaron las hormigas melívoras asociadas y las "momias" de áfidos parasitados. Se registraron 132 asociaciones áfido-planta ornamental, de las cuales el 64,4% no se conocían en el país. Los áfidos fueron atendidos por hormigas melívoras en el 33,3% de las asociaciones, mientras que en el 16,7% se registró la presencia de parasitoides. Las especies involucradas incluyen 95 de plantas ornamentales colonizadas por 41 de áfidos, mientras que seis de hormigas melívoras atendieron a 10 de áfidos. Los parasitoides estuvieron representados por cuatro especies que estuvieron relacionadas con 11 de áfidos.

Avaliou-se a transmissão de Passion fruit woodiness virus (PWV) por Aphis gossypii (Glover). Em dois experimentos independentes, o afídeo transmitiu o PWV para maracujazeiros com taxas de 75% e 100%, ao se depositarem oito e doze afídeos virulíferos por planta, respectivamente. No final dos testes, observaram-se, em algumas plantas de maracujá, formas ápteras e ninfas de A. gossypii, sugerindo a colonização dessas plantas pelo afídeo. Esse parece ser o primeiro relato da colonização de Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa (Deneger) por uma espécie de afídeo.

The transmission of Passion fruit woodiness virus (PWV) by Aphis gossypii (Glover) was evaluated. In two independent experiments, A. gossypii transmitted PWV to passion fruit plants at the rates of 75% and 100%, when eight and twelve viruliferous aphids were deposited by plant, respectively. At the end of the tests, nymphs of A. gossypii were observed in some of the passion fruit plants, suggesting that the aphid species was colonizing the plants. This seems to be the first report of Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa (Deneger) colonization by a species of aphid.

Uroleucon é um dos poucos gêneros de afídeos com espécies nativas da América do Sul. Neste trabalho, é descrita e ilustrada uma nova espécie do Chile, Uroleucon eumadiae sp. nov., coletada em duas espécies sul-americanas do gênero Madia (Asteraceae): M. sativa Mol. e M. chilensis (Nutt.) Reiche. São discutidos os caracteres morfológicos e aqueles utilizados para distinguir U. eumadiae de outras espécies relacionadas. O ultimo segmento rostral piloso desta espécie sugere uma adaptação alimentar, paralela a uma outra espécie que ocorre na América do Norte e que também se alimenta de plantas de do gênero Madia, mas que não é filogeneticamente próxima.

Uroleucon is one of very few aphid genera that have species indigenous to South America. A new species of aphid from Chile is described and illustrated, Uroleucon eumadiae sp. nov., living on the two South American species of the genus Madia (Asteraceae): M. sativa Mol. and M. chilensis (Nutt.) Reiche. Morphological characters are discussed and the characters by which this aphid species may be distinguished from related ones are given. The long, hairy last rostral segment of the new species suggests strongly a feeding adaptation, and parallels that of a North American Madia-feeding species in the same genus which is not, however, closely related.

Indivíduos de Uroleucon bereticum (E.E. Blanchard) foram coletados sobre plantas de Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist (Ateraceae), no Parque Nacional "Quebrada del Condorito" na localidade de 'Pampa de Achala', Provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. Esa espécie de afídeo havia sido descrita como Macrosiphoniella beretica por Blanchard (1922), a partir de fêmeas ápteras vivíparas, sendo que desconheciam-se fêmeas vivíparas aladas. Neste trabalho redescreve-se U. bereticum, através das características morfológicas de fêmeas vivíparas ápteras e aladas. Muito pouco se conhece, até o momento, sobre os parasitóides de afídeos na Argentina e exemplares de espécies de afídeos nativos endêmicos não têm sido investigados. Binodoxys achalensis Starý, sp.n. é descrita como um novo parasitóide endêmico associado a U. bereticum. Há indicações, nesta localidade, da ocorrência de novos e numerosos parasitóides oligófagos.

Collections of Uroleucon bereticum (E.E. Blanchard) on Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist were made throughout the National Park "Quebrada del Condorito" at Pampa de Achala, province of Córdoba, Argentina. This aphid species was described as Macrosiphoniella beretica by Blanchard (1922) from apterous viviparous female and the alate viviparous female were unknown. Morphological characteristics of U. bereticum presented in this paper include the re-description of the apterous viviparous female as well as a new description of the alate viviparous female. Very little is known about the aphid parasitoids in Argentina and material of the indigenous endemic aphid species has not been collected up to now. Binodoxys achalensis Starý, sp.n. is described as a new endemic parasitoid species associated with U. bereticum and its seems to indicate the occurrence of new and more numerous oligophagous parasitoid guild in the target area.