ABSTRACT This study aimed at identifying the best gender division pattern for swine at nursery stage, through the evaluation of behavioral and environmental parameters. Three treatments were established to achieve our objective: single-sex housing of 26 surgically castrated male pigs; mixed-sex housing of 13 castrated males and 13 females; and single-sex housing of 26 females. Environmental and behavioral data have been recorded. It was used an ethogram to make an inventory of behaviors and that was used in multivariate analysis. Bite addiction differed statistically among treatments, and the lowest occurrence was in mixed-sex housing. Results of the multivariate analysis suggested that regardless of the treatment chosen, relative humidity is positively associated with the production of gases and dry-bulb temperature with airspeed. Mixed-sex housing had multivariate relations suggesting less aggressive behaviors over food resources, being an example of social interaction that improves swine welfare.

São relatados seis casos de osteomas fronto-etmoidais que provocaram complicações intracranianas ou orbitárias. Os casos são divididos em dois grupos, dependendo dos sintomas observados, desde deformações cranio-faciais e exoftalmo até complicações mais graves como rinorréas, meningites, pneumocéfalos e mucoceles. Uma revisão da literatura mostra a importância destas lesões na patologia neurocirúrgica como causa de meningites recidivantes, rinorréas espontâneas e pneumocéfalos não traumáticos. Uma análise crítica das técnicas cirúrgicas propostas mostra que, por meio de craniotomia frontal, é possível obter resultado bom, tanto estético como funcional.

The cases of six patients with fronto-ethmoidal osteomas which have produced intracranial complications are reported. The patients have been divided in two groups depending on their clinical aspects, from cranio-facial deformities to exophtalmus, rinorrhea, pneumocephalus, meningitis and mucocele. A review of the literature is made and the importance of such lesions is stressed together with a critical analysis of the methods proposed for their surgical treatment. The results obtained with a frontal approach and a plastic closure of the dura were uniformelly good with restoration of functions in all patients.