RESUMO A salinidade é um dos fatores mais limitantes para a produtividade agrícola, pois afeta tanto as trocas gasosas quanto o metabolismo das plantas. Porém, com o crescimento populacional e a busca constante por alternativas para aumentar a produtividade, a irrigação com águas de salinidade moderada parece ser viável para potencializar a fruticultura no Brasil, especialmente nas regiões semiáridas, onde a maioria das águas tem alta concentração de sal e são as únicas fontes disponíveis para o produtor. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os efeitos da salinidade da água de irrigação nas trocas gasosas e na qualidade pós-colheita dos frutos do melão amarelo ‘Goldex’ (Cucumis melo L.) nas fases de colheita. Os tratamentos consistiram de duas condutividades elétricas da água de irrigação (CEa - 0,8 e 4,0 dS m-1) e oito etapas de colheita (54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66 e 68 dias após o transplantio), dispostas em forma de esquema fatorial 2 × 8 e delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Nas condições de salinidade impostas durante as etapas de avaliação, o melão amarelo ‘Goldex’ manteve estáveis suas trocas gasosas básicas. A massa e o número de frutos por planta foram reduzidos pela salinidade da água de irrigação, mas os frutos continuaram classificados como comercializáveis, o que torna a irrigação com água salina até 4,0 dS m-1 uma alternativa viável para a produção de melão amarelo, principalmente em regiões onde há baixa disponibilidade de água de boa qualidade, o que pode potencializar a fruticultura no semiárido. agrícola plantas Porém Brasil semiáridas produtor contexto póscolheita pós ‘Goldex Goldex Cucumis L. L CEa 08 0 0, 40 4 4, m1 m 1 54, 54 (54 56 58 60 62 64 6 transplantio, transplantio , transplantio) casualizado avaliação básicas comercializáveis m- semiárido 5 (5 (

ABSTRACT Salinity is one of the most limiting factors for agricultural productivity, as it affects both gas exchange and plant metabolism. However, with population growth and the constant search for alternatives to increase productivity, irrigation with water of moderate salinity appears to be feasible to enhance fruit cultivation in Brazil, especially in semi-arid regions, where most waters have high salt concentration and are the only available source for the producer. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation water salinity and harvest stages on gas exchange and post-harvest fruit quality of ‘Goldex’ yellow melon (Cucumis melo L.). The treatments consisted of two electrical conductivities of irrigation water (ECw - 0.8 and 4.0 dS m-1) and eight harvest stages (54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 66, and 68 days after transplanting), arranged in a 2 × 8 factorial scheme and a completely randomized design. Under the salinity conditions imposed during the evaluation stages, the ‘Goldex’ yellow melon maintained its basic gas exchanges stable. The mass and number of fruits per plant were reduced by the salinity of the irrigation water, but the fruits continued to be classified as marketable, which makes irrigation with saline water up to 4.0 dS m-1 a viable alternative for the production of yellow melon, especially in regions where there is low availability of good quality water, which can enhance fruit growing in the semi-arid region. productivity metabolism However Brazil semiarid semi arid producer context postharvest post ‘Goldex Goldex Cucumis L.. L L. . L.) ECw 08 0 0. 40 4 4. m1 m 1 54, 54 (54 56 58 60 62 64 66 6 transplanting, transplanting , transplanting) design stable marketable m- region 5 (5 (

RESUMO A necessidade de estudos que possibilitem a utilização de águas salobras na agricultura irrigada e a importância socioeconômica da cultura do melão no Brasil, especialmente para a região Nordeste, que concentra a maior parte da produção nacional e apresenta problemáticas com disponibilidade de água de boa qualidade para irrigação, norteou o presente estudo. Nesse contexto, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o crescimento das plantas, a produção e a qualidade de frutos do híbrido de melão amarelo ‘Goldex’ (híbrido F1 tipo amarelo) sob condições de estresse salino. A pesquisa foi conduzida em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, contendo dois níveis de salinidade da água de irrigação (0,8 e 4,0 dS m-1) e oito épocas de avaliação (52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64 e 66 dias após o transplantio). Foram avaliadas variáveis de crescimento e desenvolvimento das plantas, de produção e de qualidade dos frutos de melão ao longo do ciclo. As plantas tiveram as características de crescimento retardadas e menor desenvolvimento em função do aumento da salinidade da água de irrigação, apresentando redução superior a 20% para a o peso seco da parte aérea, área foliar, número de ramos, comprimento de ramos secundários e 16,7% para o comprimento do ramo principal. Além disso, a salinidade provocou atraso no desenvolvimento dos frutos e redução de 16% no seu peso final, sem modificar significativamente os teores de carboidratos e sólidos solúveis totais. Ao longo do desenvolvimento houve aumento no teor de sólidos solúveis totais dos frutos, especialmente em função do acréscimo de sacarose nos estádios finais de desenvolvimento. Brasil Nordeste contexto ‘Goldex Goldex F salino casualizado 0,8 08 0 8 (0, 40 4 4, m1 m 1 m-1 52, 52 (52 54 56 58 60 62 6 transplantio. transplantio . transplantio) ciclo 20 aérea foliar 167 16 7 16,7 principal disso final 0, (0 m- 5 (5 2 16, (

ABSTRACT The need for studies that allow the use of brackish water in irrigated agriculture and the socioeconomic importance of melon cultivation in Brazil, especially for the Northeast region, which concentrates most of the national production and faces problems with the availability of good quality water for irrigation, motivated the present study. In this context, the objective of present study was to evaluate the growth, production and fruit quality of the ‘Goldex’ (yellow-type hybrid F1) melon under salt stress conditions. The experiment was performed in a completely randomized design, with two salinity levels of irrigation water (0.8 and 4.0 dS m-1) and eight evaluation times (52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, and 66 days after transplanting). Variables of plant growth and development, production and quality of melon fruits were evaluated throughout the cycle. Plants had delayed growth characteristics and less development with the increase in irrigation water salinity, showing reductions of more than 20% in shoot dry weight, leaf area, number of branches and length of secondary branches and 16.7% in length of the main branch. In addition, salinity caused a delay in fruit development and a 16% reduction in final fruit weight, without significantly modifying carbohydrate and total soluble solids contents. Along the development, there was an increase in the total soluble solids content of the fruits, especially due to the increment of sucrose at the final stages of development. Brazil region context ‘Goldex Goldex yellowtype yellow type F1 F conditions design 0.8 08 0 8 (0. 40 4 4. m1 m 1 m-1 52, 52 (52 54 56 58 60 62 64 6 transplanting. transplanting . transplanting) cycle 20 weight area 167 16 7 16.7 branch addition contents 0. (0 m- 5 (5 2 16. (

RESUMO: O parvovírus canino 2 (CPV-2) é um vírus entérico altamente contagioso que causa alta morbidade e mortalidade, principalmente em cães com menos de seis meses de idade. A recuperação desta doença é dependente de vários fatores, incluindo a determinação do prognóstico do paciente para terapia adequada. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os fatores de risco associados ao desfecho óbito em cães com CPV-2 em um estudo de caso-controle realizado no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Lavras (HV-UFLA), em Lavras, Minas Gerais. Vinte e seis cães com sintomas de CPV-2 que chegaram entre 2017 e 2018 ao HV-UFLA foram avaliados para inclusão no estudo. Dados sobre histórico médico, sinais clínicos, hemograma e teste rápido de parvovirose e fezes para reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) foram coletados para todos os animais. Todos os cães receberam tratamento estabelecido pelo HV-UFLA e a taxa geral de letalidade por parvovirose canina foi de 30,77%. Análise descritiva e análise estatística univariada e multivariada (regressão logística) foram utilizadas para avaliar variáveis possivelmente associadas a um prognóstico desfavorável (óbito). Na análise univariada e multivariada, a Síndrome da Resposta Inflamatória Sistêmica (SIRS) foi observada como fator de risco significativo para prognóstico desfavorável na parvovirose canina, pois aumentou 12,96 vezes o risco de morte (95% IC 1,85-133,70; P < 0,01) em comparação com aqueles pacientes que não apresentaram SIRS. Assim, a SIRS foi fortemente associada com um prognóstico desfavorável, sugerindo que pode ser utilizada como indicador prognóstico na parvovirose canina na prática veterinária. RESUMO CPV2 CPV (CPV-2 mortalidade idade adequada CPV- casocontrole caso controle HVUFLA, HVUFLA HV UFLA , (HV-UFLA) Gerais 201 médico clínicos PCR (PCR animais 3077 30 77 30,77% regressão logística óbito. . (óbito) (SIRS 1296 12 96 12,9 95% 95 (95 1,85133,70 18513370 1,85 133,70 1 85 133 70 1,85-133,70 0,01 001 0 01 Assim veterinária (CPV- (HV-UFLA 20 307 3 7 30,77 (óbito 129 9 12, (9 85133 1,85133,7 1851337 185 1,8 13370 133,7 8 13 1,85-133,7 0,0 00 (CPV 30,7 ( 8513 1,85133, 185133 18 1, 1337 133, 1,85-133, 0, 30, 851 1,85133 18513 1,85-133 1,8513 1851 1,85-13 1,851 1,85-1 1,85-

ABSTRACT: Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) is a highly contagious enteric virus that causes high morbidity and mortality, especially in dogs under six months of age. Recovery from this illness is dependent on several factors, including the patient’s prognosis for adequate therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risk factors associated with the death outcome in CPV-2 positive dogs in a case-control study conducted at the Veterinary Hospital of the Universidade Federal de Lavras (HV-UFLA) in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Twenty-six dogs with CPV-2 symptoms that arrived at the HV-UFLA between 2017 and 2018 were evaluated for inclusion in the study. Data on medical history, clinical signs, blood count and rapid test of parvovirus and faecal test for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were collected for all the animals. All the dogs received treatment at the HV-UFLA, and the overall fatality rate due to canine parvovirus was 30.77%. Descriptive analysis and univariate and multivariate statistical analyses (logistic regression) were performed to assess the variables that were possibly associated with an unfavourable prognosis (death). In the univariate and multivariate analyses, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS) was observed to be a significant risk factor for an unfavourable prognosis in canine parvovirus, as it increased the risk of death by 12.96 times (95% CI 1.85-133.70; P < 0.01) compared with patients who did not exhibit SIRS. Thus, SIRS was strongly associated with an unfavourable prognosis, suggesting that it can be used as a prognostic indicator for canine parvovirus in veterinary practice. ABSTRACT CPV2 CPV (CPV-2 mortality age patient s therapy CPV- casecontrol case control HVUFLA HV UFLA (HV-UFLA Gerais Brazil Twentysix Twenty 201 history signs PCR (PCR animals HVUFLA, UFLA, 3077 30 77 30.77% logistic regression death. . (death) (SIRS 1296 12 96 12.9 95% 95 (95 1.85133.70 18513370 1.85 133.70 1 85 133 70 1.85-133.70 0.01 001 0 01 Thus practice (CPV- 20 307 3 7 30.77 (death 129 9 12. (9 85133 1.85133.7 1851337 185 1.8 13370 133.7 8 13 1.85-133.7 0.0 00 (CPV 30.7 ( 8513 1.85133. 185133 18 1. 1337 133. 1.85-133. 0. 30. 851 1.85133 18513 1.85-133 1.8513 1851 1.85-13 1.851 1.85-1 1.85-

Resumen: Los desastres provocan cambios en la morbilidad, mortalidad y en el uso de medicamentos. Brasil es líder en la producción de minerales con grandes costos ambientales. Los desechos mineros se almacenan en represas y las roturas de dichas represas han causado grandes desastres. Investigamos el consumo de medicamentos psicoactivos en municipios afectados por el desastre de la presa de Fundão, en Minas Gerais. Se realizó un estudio ecológico sobre el consumo de medicamentos, con base en datos de compras públicas y distribución en farmacias privadas minoristas de Minas Gerais. El consumo (en número de dosis diarias definidas/100.000 habitantes por día) se analizó descriptivamente en ocho municipios, estratificados según el nivel de consumo durante un período de 25 meses. Se realizaron seis comparaciones de los valores medios de consumo para los dos conjuntos de datos de los períodos anterior y posterior al desastre. Se calculó el consumo medio de medicamentos antes y después del evento y se añadieron las tendencias lineales. Los datos de compras públicas mostraron altos niveles de consumo. Solo el comercio minorista farmacéutico presentó diferencias significativas entre los estratos en el período anterior al desastre frente a dos períodos posteriores al desastre. Los municipios más pequeños presentaron un aumento en el consumo a partir del 15º mes después del desastre. El clonazepam lideró el consumo en el comercio minorista farmacéutico, seguido de la fluoxetina. Los medicamentos presentaron una tendencia al alza después del desastre. La elevada oferta pública puede haber afectado los patrones de consumo significativo de medicamentos psicoactivos; sin embargo, se observaron aumentos en el comercio privado, lo que sugiere cambios en los patrones de uso después del desastre. La disminución del consumo inmediatamente después del evento probablemente relacionada con un menor comportamiento de búsqueda de cuidados por parte de la población, y los aumentos significativos posteriores pueden reflejar las consecuencias económicas del desastre.

Abstract: Disasters cause changes in morbidity, mortality, and medicine use. Brazil is one of the main producers of mineral ores at great environmental cost. Mine tailings are stored in dams and ruptures have led to major disasters. We investigated the consumption of psychoactive medicines in the municipalities affected by the Fundão dam disaster in Minas Gerais State. An ecological study was carried out on drug consumption, estimated using public purchases in Minas Gerais and dispensing data from private retail pharmacies. Consumption (in number of defined daily doses/100,000 inhabitants per day) was analyzed descriptively in eight municipalities, stratified according to consumption level during a 25-month period. Six comparisons of mean consumption values for both data sets were done for pre- and post-disaster periods. The means of medicine consumption before and after the event were plotted and linear trends were added. Public purchase data evinced high consumption levels. Only pharmaceutical retail showed significant differences between the strata in the pre-disaster versus two post-disaster periods. Smaller municipalities showed an increase in consumption 15 months after the disaster. Clonazepam led the way in pharmaceutical retail consumption, followed by fluoxetine. Medicines showed an upward trend after the disaster. The high public provision may have stifled significant consumption patterns of psychoactive drugs; however, peak consumption were observed in private retail, suggesting a modification in use patterns after the disaster. The decrease in consumption immediately after the event was probably related to lower care-seeking behavior on the part of the population, and significant peaks after the disaster may reflect economic consequences of it.

Resumo: Os desastres provocam alterações na morbidade, mortalidade e no uso de medicamentos. O Brasil é líder na produção de minérios com grande custo ambiental. Os rejeitos de mineração são armazenados em barragens e as rupturas dessas barragens têm causados grandes desastres. Investigamos o consumo de medicamentos psicoativos em municípios atingidos pelo desastre da Barragem de Fundão, em Minas Gerais. Foi realizado um estudo ecológico sobre o consumo de medicamentos, com base em dados de compras públicas e distribuição de farmácias privadas do varejo de Minas Gerais. O consumo (em número de doses diárias definidas/100 mil habitantes por dia) foi analisado descritivamente em oito municípios, estratificados segundo o nível de consumo durante um período de 25 meses. Foram feitas seis comparações de valores médios de consumo para os dois conjuntos de dados dos períodos pré- e pós-desastre. Foram calculadas as médias de consumo de medicamentos antes e depois do evento e adicionadas tendências lineares. Os dados de compras públicas mostraram elevados níveis de consumo. Apenas o varejo farmacêutico apresentou diferenças significativas entre os estratos no período pré-desastre versus dois períodos pós-desastre. Municípios menores apresentaram aumento no consumo a partir do 15º mês após o desastre. Clonazepam liderou o consumo no varejo farmacêutico, seguido pela fluoxetina. Os medicamentos apresentaram tendência de alta após o desastre. A elevada oferta pública pode ter afetado os padrões de consumo significativo de medicamentos psicoativos; no entanto, foram observados aumentos no comércio privado, sugerindo alterações nos padrões de uso após o desastre. A diminuição do consumo imediatamente após o evento estava provavelmente relacionada a um menor comportamento de procura de cuidados por parte da população e os aumentos significativos posteriores podem refletir as consequências econômicas do desastre.

Abstract Studies investigating the effects of different modalities of exercises on the immune system are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the effects of eight weeks of resistance and aerobic training on the proliferation of T and B lymphocytes from mice. Eighteen male C56BL6/J mice were divided into groups (n=6), sedentary, aerobic, and resistance training. After 8 weeks, animals were euthanized, and their splenocytes were labeled and cultured with and without stimulation. Lymphocyte proliferation (CD4+, CD8+ and CD21/CD35+) was evaluated by flow cytometry. The mice subjected to resistance exercise exhibited greater proliferation for total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes (p<0.05), but not CD4+ cells (p>0.05), compared with their sedentary counterparts. We found significant correlations between maximum load and total, CD8+ and B lymphocytes proliferation rates (p<0.05). In conclusion, our results showed that resistance training promoted an improvement in the immune response associated with CD8+ and B lymphocytes. scarce Therefore C56BL6J CBLJ C56BL6 J C BL n=6, n6 n n=6 , 6 (n=6) euthanized stimulation CD4+, CD4 CD (CD4+ CD8 CD21/CD35+ CD21CD35 CDCD CD21 CD35 cytometry total p<0.05, p005 p p<0.05 0 05 (p<0.05) p>0.05, p>0.05 (p>0.05) counterparts p<0.05. . conclusion CBL C56BL n= (n=6 (CD4 CD21/CD35 CD21CD3 CD2 CD3 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.05 p>0.0 (p>0.05 (n= (CD CD21/CD3 CD21CD p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p>0. (p>0.0 (n CD21/CD p<0 (p<0. p>0 (p>0. p< (p<0 p> (p>0 (p< (p> (p

RESUMO Este caso para ensino descreve o processo de mudança organizacional do Parque Tecnológico da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - PTEC-UFRJ, organização que desempenha papel fundamental no ecossistema de inovação da universidade e do estado em que se localiza. A mudança vem sendo implantada desde 2019 com base na visão de uma liderança que entende que a sustentabilidade econômica do Parque depende de redirecionamento estratégico e transformação das atitudes e comportamentos dos colaboradores, além de revisões nas configurações internas de processos e responsabilidades. No entanto, o PTEC-UFRJ apresenta a particularidade de ter sua liderança escolhida pela Reitoria da UFRJ. Nesse contexto, iniciativas gerenciais adequadas para sustentação e continuidade das mudanças são aspectos fundamentais para assegurar as conquistas alcançadas. O caso relata as decisões e ações que o diretor executivo do PTEC-UFRJ tomou no sentido de orientar a mudança estratégica no Parque, frente aos desafios enfrentados. Tendo em vista os resultados e objetivos já atingidos, o mais relevante é discutir as perspectivas futuras, o papel da liderança e as políticas e práticas organizacionais que garantam a sustentação da mudança. PTECUFRJ, PTECUFRJ PTEC UFRJ, UFRJ localiza 201 colaboradores responsabilidades entanto contexto alcançadas enfrentados atingidos futuras 20 2

ABSTRACT This teaching case describes the organizational change process of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Science Park (PTEC-UFRJ), an organization that plays a leading role in the innovation ecosystem of both the university and its surrounding state. The change process began in 2019, rooted on the leadership’s view that the Park’s economic sustainability depends on strategic redirection and transformation of employees’ attitudes and behavior, along with the redesign of PTEC-UFRJ’s internal processes. However, PTEC-UFRJ has the peculiarity of having its leadership appointed by the University Dean’s Office. In this context, management initiatives directed to supporting the change process are fundamental to secure its achievements and ensure its continuity. The case describes the decisions and actions took by PTEC-UFRJ’s executive director in order to guide the strategic change in the Park and the challenges faced. In view of the results and objectives already achieved, the most important point is to discuss PTEC-UFRJ’s future perspectives, the role of leadership and organizational policies, and practices that guarantee the sustainability of the organizational change PTECUFRJ, PTECUFRJ PTEC UFRJ , (PTEC-UFRJ) state 2019 leaderships s Parks employees behavior PTECUFRJs processes However Deans Dean Office context continuity faced achieved perspectives policies (PTEC-UFRJ 201 20 2

Abstract Objective To perform the translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the NOSE-Perf Scale to Brazilian Portuguese. Methods This study was divided into two stages. In the first stage, the questionnaire was submitted for translation and cultural adaptation, following the guidelines recommended by the ISPOR Task Force (International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research). Then, the Brazilian Portuguese version of the NOSE-Perf scale was applied to a group with septal perforation and a control group. The group with perforation answered the questionnaire again after one month. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and discriminant validity were assessed. Results The Brazilian Portuguese version of the NOSE-Perf scale was applied to 32 participants, 16 from the group with septal perforations and 16 controls. The instrument obtained high internal consistency, with Cronbach's alpha scores of 0.986. High reliability was also obtained, with Spearman's correlation coefficient of 0.996 (p< 0.001) and the intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.965 with a 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) of 0.886‒0.988. The NSP group obtained a mean total score of 13.8 ± 12.6 and the control group a score of 2.3 ± 1.8, with a statistical difference between the groups (p< 0.001), demonstrating good discriminant validity. Conclusion The Brazilian Portuguese version of the NOSE-Perf scale is a reliable and valid instrument for measuring symptoms in patients with nasal septum perforations. Level of evidence Level 2—Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence. adaptation NOSEPerf NOSE Perf stages stage International Research. Research . Research) Then month consistency testretest test retest assessed 3 participants 1 controls Cronbachs Cronbach s 0986 0 986 0.986 Spearmans Spearman 0996 996 0.99 p< p (p 0.001 0001 001 0965 965 0.96 95 (95 CI 08860988 886 988 0.886‒0.988 138 13 8 13. 126 12 6 12. 23 2 2. 18 1.8 0.001, , 2Oxford Oxford EvidenceBased Evidence Based 201 098 98 0.98 099 99 0.9 0.00 000 00 096 96 9 (9 0886098 88 0.886‒0.98 1. 20 09 0. 0.0 ( 088609 0.886‒0.9 08860 0.886‒0. 0886 0.886‒0 088 0.886‒ 08 0.886 0.88 0.8

Abstract Common bean breeding obtained cultivars with high yield and resistance to diseases. We evaluated anthracnose resistance of genotypes from breeding programs where selection was made mainly to increase grain yield. A germplasm collection of 845 lines were assessed with four of the most frequent Colletotrichum lindemuthianum races found in Brazil (65, 73, 81 and 89). In addition to high reaction variability, we identified 633 lines resistant to at least one race. Most resistant lines have a Carioca grain type. The virulence indexes ranged from 51.7% to 63.2% (races 81 and 73) and resistance indexes ranged from 0% (susceptible) to 100% (resistant). This study presents complete characterization about resistance to anthracnose of a wide collection, provides information about cultivars that can be directly introduced in current breeding programs and shows that breeding focused on increasing grain yield has also been successful in selecting resistant genotypes to anthracnose disease. diseases 84 65, 65 (65 73 8 89. 89 . 89) variability 63 race type 517 51 7 51.7 632 2 63.2 0 susceptible (susceptible 100 resistant. (resistant) disease 6 (6 5 51. 63. 10 (resistant ( 1

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar como o estresse mensurado por cortisol salivar durante a educação baseada em simulação clínica ou simulação e outro método de ensino, tem impacto no desempenho. Método: Revisão sistemática da associação do cortisol com o desempenho em simulações. Foram utilizadas as seguintes bases de dados: PubMed, LIVIVO, Scopus, EMBASE, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Web of Science. Pesquisa adicional de literatura cinzenta foi realizada no Google Scholar e no Proquest. As buscas ocorreram em 20 de março de 2023. O risco de viés dos ensaios clínicos randomizados, foi avaliado pela ferramenta Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2). Foram critérios de inclusão: estudos de simulação com coleta de cortisol salivar e avaliação de desempenho, publicados em qualquer período em português, inglês e espanhol. Resultados: 11 estudos foram incluídos, os quais mensuraram o estresse utilizando o cortisol salivar e analisados através da síntese descritiva e da análise qualitativa. Conclusão: Alguns estudos mostraram haver relação entre estresse e desempenho, podendo ser benéfico ou prejudicial ao participante. Porém, outros estudos não apresentaram essa correlação que pode não ter ocorrido por questões metodológicas. Objetivo ensino Método simulações dados PubMed LIVIVO Scopus EMBASE LatinoAmericana Latino Americana LILACS (LILACS Science Proquest 2 2023 randomizados RoB 2. . 2) inclusão português espanhol Resultados 1 incluídos qualitativa Conclusão participante Porém metodológicas 202

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify how stress measured by salivary cortisol during clinical simulation-based education, or simulation and another teaching method, impacts performance. Method: Systematic review of the association between cortisol and performance in simulations. The following databases were used: PubMed, LIVIVO, Scopus, EMBASE, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and Web of Science. Additional searches of gray literature were carried out on Google Scholar and Proquest. The searches took place on March 20, 2023. The risk of bias of randomized clinical trials was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool (RoB 2). Inclusion criteria were: simulation studies with salivary cortisol collection and performance evaluation, published in any period in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Results: 11 studies were included which measured stress using salivary cortisol and were analyzed using descriptive synthesis and qualitative analysis. Conclusion: Some studies have shown a relationship between stress and performance, which may be beneficial or harmful to the participant. However, other studies did not show this correlation, which may not have been due to methodological issues. Objective simulationbased based education method Method simulations used PubMed LIVIVO Scopus EMBASE LILACS (LILACS Science Proquest 20 2023 RoB 2. 2 . 2) evaluation Portuguese Spanish Results 1 analysis Conclusion participant However correlation issues 202

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar cómo el estrés medido por el cortisol salival durante la enseñanza basada en la simulación clínica, o la simulación y otro método de enseñanza, influye en el rendimiento. Método: Revisión sistemática de la asociación entre cortisol y rendimiento en simulaciones. Se utilizaron las siguientes bases de datos: PubMed, LIVIVO, Scopus, EMBASE, Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS) y Web of Science. Se realizaron búsquedas adicionales de literatura gris en Google Scholar y Proquest. Las búsquedas se realizaron el 20 de marzo de 2023. El riesgo de sesgo de los ensayos clínicos aleatorios se evaluó mediante la Herramienta de Riesgo de Sesgo (RoB 2) de la Colaboración Cochrane. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: estudios de simulación con recogida de cortisol salival y evaluación del rendimiento, publicados en cualquier periodo en portugués, inglés y español. Resultados: Se incluyeron 11 estudios que midieron el estrés mediante cortisol salival y se analizaron mediante síntesis descriptiva y análisis cualitativo. Conclusión: Algunos estudios mostraron una relación entre el estrés y el rendimiento, que puede ser beneficiosa o perjudicial para el participante. Sin embargo, otros estudios no mostraron esta correlación, lo que puede no haberse debido a cuestiones metodológicas. Objetivo clínica Método simulaciones datos PubMed LIVIVO Scopus EMBASE LILACS (LILACS Science Proquest 2 2023 RoB Cochrane fueron portugués español Resultados 1 cualitativo Conclusión participante embargo correlación metodológicas 202

Resumo Introdução: As doenças respiratórias agudas apresentam difícil mensuração e contribuem para o grande número de causas de óbito mal definidas, o que afeta a confiabilidade das informações de mortalidade. Objetivo: Verificar a acurácia da definição da causa básica de óbito para doenças respiratórias agudas dos óbitos registrados no Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade do Distrito Federal em 2018. Método: Foi realizado um estudo de acurácia, com amostra mínima de 331 declarações de óbito com as causas de óbito do capítulo 10 (doenças do aparelho respiratório — J00-J99 — conforme subcategorias) da Classificação Internacional de Doenças na versão 10, considerando a definição de causa básica de óbito pela equipe de investigação como o padrão-ouro. Foram calculadas a sensibilidade, especificidade, valores preditivos positivo e negativo e as razões de verossimilhanças positivas e negativas com os respectivos intervalos de confiança a 95%. Resultados: Total de 396 declarações de óbito foram incluídas. Foi constatada alta sensibilidade para identificar doenças pulmonares agudas nas causas básicas de óbito (82,8%. IC95% 78,6–86,5) e alta especificidade (93,1%. IC95% 77,2–99,2). A probabilidade de a declaração apresentar resultado falso negativo foi baixa (0,2. IC95% 0,1–0,2). Conclusão: As declarações de óbito por doenças respiratórias agudas apresentaram bons resultados para acurácia e incitam a realização de estudos semelhantes para outras condições. Introdução definidas mortalidade Objetivo 2018 Método 33 1 J00J99 JJ J00 J99 J J00-J9 subcategorias padrãoouro. padrãoouro padrão ouro. ouro padrão-ouro 95 95% Resultados 39 incluídas 82,8%. 828 82 8 (82,8% IC95 IC 78,6–86,5 786865 78 6 86 5 93,1%. 931 93 (93,1% 77,2–99,2. 772992 77,2–99,2 . 77 2 99 77,2–99,2) 0,2. 02 0 (0,2 0,1–0,2. 0102 0,1–0,2 0,1–0,2) Conclusão condições 201 3 J00J9 J0 J9 J00-J 9 82,8% (82,8 IC9 78,6–86, 78686 7 93,1% (93,1 77299 77,2–99, 0,2 (0, 010 0,1–0, 20 J00J 82,8 (82, 78,6–86 7868 93,1 (93, 7729 77,2–99 0, (0 01 0,1–0 82, (82 78,6–8 786 93, (93 772 77,2–9 ( 0,1– (8 78,6– (9 77,2– 0,1 78,6 77,2 78, 77,

Abstract Background: Acute respiratory diseases are difficult to measure and contribute to a large number of ill-defined causes of death, which affects the reliability of mortality information. Objective: To verify the accuracy of the definition of the underlying cause of death for acute respiratory diseases registered in the Mortality Information System of the Federal District in 2018. Method: An accuracy study was conducted, with a minimum sample of 331 death certificates with the causes of death according to Chapter 10 (diseases of the respiratory system — J00-J99 — according to subcategories) of the International Classification of Diseases, version 10, considering the definition of the underlying cause of death by the research team as the gold standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values, and positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated with their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Overall, 396 death certificates were included. High sensitivity was identified to determine acute lung diseases in the underlying cause of death (82.8%, 95%CI 78.6–86.5) and high specificity (93.1%, 95%CI 77.2–99.2). The probability of the declaration shows that negative false value was low (0.2, 95%CI 0.1–0.2). Conclusion: Death certificates due to acute respiratory diseases showed good results for accuracy and this study encourages similar studies for other conditions. Background illdefined ill defined information Objective 2018 Method conducted 33 1 J00J99 JJ J00 J99 J J00-J9 subcategories Diseases standard Sensitivity values 95 CIs. CIs . (CIs) Results Overall 39 included 82.8%, 828 82 8 (82.8% 95CI CI 78.6–86.5 786865 78 6 86 5 93.1%, 931 93 (93.1% 77.2–99.2. 772992 77.2–99.2 77 2 99 77.2–99.2) 0.2, 02 0 (0.2 0.1–0.2. 0102 0.1–0.2 0.1–0.2) Conclusion conditions 201 3 J00J9 J0 J9 J00-J 9 (CIs 82.8% (82.8 78.6–86. 78686 7 93.1% (93.1 77299 77.2–99. 0.2 (0. 010 0.1–0. 20 J00J 82.8 (82. 78.6–86 7868 93.1 (93. 7729 77.2–99 0. (0 01 0.1–0 82. (82 78.6–8 786 93. (93 772 77.2–9 ( 0.1– (8 78.6– (9 77.2– 0.1 78.6 77.2 78. 77.

Abstract Objectives: To describe the occurrence of post-extubation laryngitis, analyze its one-year evolution, and correlate laryngeal lesions with clinical outcomes. Methods: Retrospective study including children up to 13 years old at a tertiary hospital between March 2020 and March 2022 with diagnosis of post-extubation laryngitis confirmed by endoscopic examination. Exclusion criteria were prior history of intubation or anatomical airway abnormalities. Medical records were reviewed to characterize patients, underlying diagnosis, laryngeal lesions, treatment, and outcomes at 12-month follow-up. Results: The study included 38 endoscopically confirmed post-extubation laryngitis cases, corresponding to 86.4% of suspected cases. The mean age was 13.24 months, and 60.5% were male. Acute respiratory failure was the leading cause of intubation. Initial treatment was clinical, and initial diagnosis was defined by nasopharynoglaryngoscopy and/or Microlaryngoscopy and Bronchoscopy (MLB) findings. Initial diagnostic MLB was performed in 65.7% of the patients. Approximately half (53%) of the patients exhibited moderate or severe laryngeal lesions. When compared to mild cases, these patients experienced a higher rate of extubation failures (mean of 1.95 vs. 0.72, p = 0.0013), underwent more endoscopic procedures, and faced worse outcomes, such as the increased need for tracheostomy (p = 0.0001) and the development of laryngeal stenosis (p = 0.0450). Tracheostomy was performed in 14 (36.8%) children. Patients undergoing tracheostomy presented more extubation failures and longer intubation periods. Eight (21%) developed laryngeal stenosis, and 17 (58.6%) had complete resolution on follow-up. Conclusion: Post-extubation laryngitis is a frequent diagnosis among patients with clinical symptoms or failed extubation. The severity of laryngeal lesions was linked to a less favorable prognosis observed at one-year follow-up. Otolaryngological evaluation, follow-up protocols, and increased access to therapeutic resources are essential to manage these children properly. Level of evidence: Level 4. Objectives postextubation post oneyear one year evolution Methods 1 202 examination abnormalities 12month month 12 followup. followup follow up. Results 3 cases 864 86 4 86.4 1324 24 13.2 months 605 60 5 60.5 male andor (MLB findings 657 65 7 65.7 53% 53 (53% 195 95 1.9 vs 072 0 72 0.72 0.0013, 00013 0.0013 , 0013 0.0013) procedures 0.0001 00001 0001 0.0450. 00450 0.0450 . 0450 0.0450) 36.8% 368 36 8 (36.8% periods 21% 21 (21% 58.6% 586 58 6 (58.6% Conclusion Postextubation Post evaluation protocols properly evidence 20 86. 132 2 13. 60. 65. (53 19 9 1. 07 0.7 0.001 001 0.000 0000 000 0045 0.045 045 36.8 (36.8 (21 58.6 (58.6 (5 0. 0.00 00 004 0.04 04 36. (36. (2 58. (58. ( 0.0 (36 (58 (3

Resumo Anatomistas vegetais percebem o corpo da planta como resultado de processos dinâmicos e complexos que podem ser desviados ao longo do desenvolvimento da galha. Este desenvolvimento envolve respostas locais, mas em um continuum morfofisiológico com o órgão hospedeiro, o que pode ser estudado do ponto de vista anatômico. Revisitamos a história das galhas no Brasil, suas potencialidades morfogenéticas e integração com abordagens entomológicas, químicas, fisiológicas e ecológicas. No Brasil, espécies de Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae e Asteraceae são as principais hospedeiras de diversos morfotipos de galhas classificados com base em suas formas tridimensionais. Ferramentas anatômicas usadas para mapear o destino de células e tecidos nas galhas revelam o potencial dos sistemas de tecidos vegetais para superexpressar ou inibir o desenvolvimento vegetal padrão. Técnicas anatômicas, citológicas, histoquímicas e imunocitoquímicas aprofundadas expandiram o conhecimento das características das galhas e das respostas das células vegetais. As galhas hospedadas em folhas, caules, raízes e órgãos reprodutivos têm especialização tecidual consistente nos sistemas de tecido dérmico e fundamental, com o sistema vascular das galhas conectado àqueles da planta hospedeira. Devido a diversos estressores impostos aos tecidos vegetais, a anatomia das galhas revela respostas adaptativas que podem ser abordadas por diversas perspectivas, incluindo iniciativas de ciência cidadã. galha locais hospedeiro anatômico Brasil entomológicas químicas ecológicas Fabaceae Myrtaceae tridimensionais padrão citológicas folhas caules fundamental hospedeira perspectivas cidadã

Abstract Plant anatomists perceive the plant body as the dynamic result of complex developmental processes which may deviate during gall development. Gall development involves local responses forming a morphophysiological continuum with the host plant organ, which can be addressed by anatomical studies. We revisited the history of galls in Brazil, as well as their morphogenetical potentialities and integration with entomological, chemical, physiological, and ecological approaches. The Fabaceae, Myrtaceae, Melastomataceae, and Asteraceae are the main hosts of the Brazilian gall morphotyes, which can be classified according to their three-dimensional shapess. Anatomical tools have been used to map cell and tissue fates in gall morphotypes, revealing the potential of plant tissue systems to overexpress or inhibit standard plant development. In-depth anatomical, cytological, histochemical, and immunocytochemical techniques have greatly expanded the knowledge of gall traits and plant cell responses. The new structures of galls hosted on leaves, stems, roots, and reproductive organs show consistent tissue specialization regarding the dermal and ground tissue systems, with the gall’s vascular system being connected to preexisting or newly formed bundles of the host plant. Due to the diverse stressors imposed on plant tissues, gall anatomy reveals adaptive responses that can be addressed from several perspectives, including citizen science initiatives. organ studies Brazil entomological chemical physiological approaches Fabaceae Myrtaceae Melastomataceae morphotyes threedimensional three dimensional shapess morphotypes Indepth In depth cytological histochemical leaves stems roots s tissues perspectives initiatives

Resumo As plantas tropicais exibem quase todos os tipos de respostas fenológicas conhecidas, variando de eventos quase contínuos aos explosivos breves, e de total sincronia à completa assincronia. Essa ampla variedade de padrões fenológicos está relacionada à alta biodiversidade e às diferentes interações com fatores abióticos e bióticos, como as interações planta-polinizador. Portanto, mudanças nesses fatores influenciam a fenologia das plantas e diferenças nas respostas fenológicas podem impactar o sucesso reprodutivo da espécie a aptidão das plantas. Analisou-se a variação interespecífica na ecologia reprodutiva (fenologia da floração, briologia floral, sistemas reprodutivos e polinização) de 10 espécies de Myrtaceae em floresta ciliar, na Chapada Diamantina, Brasil. Avaliaram-se os padrões e estratégias de floração, considerando a frequência e duração da fenofase a partir de observações mensais e de acordo com a escala semiquantitativa de Fournier; também analisaram-se a biologia floral, visitantes florais e conduziram-se experimentos de polinização (autopolinização autônoma, autopolinização manual, polinização cruzada manual e polinização natural/aberta) e calcularam-se os índices de autoincompatibilidade (SII) e autogamia (AI). A maioria das espécies apresentou floração anual, com duração de 1 a 5 meses, alta sincronia e estratégia do tipo pulsed-bang (i.e., floração massiva concentrada em poucos dias intercalados por um intervalo de tempo). Os padrões se repetiram entre espécies congêneres, exceto em Myrcia spp., em que metade das espécies foi classificada como “pulsed bang” e as demais apresentaram estratégia “big bang”. A estratégia de floração parece estar relacionada com o padrão de desenvolvimento das inflorescências, produção dos botões, duração e sincronia da floração dos indivíduos. Abelhas foram consideradas os polinizadores. A maioria das espécies foram auto-incompatíveis e alogâmicas. Em geral, as espécies ofertaram grandes quantidades de flores em pequenos intervalos temporais, favorecendo cruzamentos entre indivíduos com sincronia precisa. conhecidas breves assincronia bióticos plantapolinizador. plantapolinizador planta polinizador. polinizador planta-polinizador Portanto Analisouse Analisou floral ciliar Diamantina Brasil Avaliaramse Avaliaram Fournier analisaramse analisaram conduziramse conduziram autônoma natural/aberta naturalaberta natural aberta calcularamse calcularam SII (SII AI. AI . (AI) anual meses pulsedbang pulsed bang i.e., ie i (i.e. tempo. tempo tempo) congêneres spp spp. big bang. inflorescências botões polinizadores autoincompatíveis auto incompatíveis alogâmicas geral temporais precisa (AI i.e. (i.e i.e

Abstract Tropical plants exhibit virtually all known phenological responses, which can range from near-continuous to brief events, and from complete synchrony to complete asynchrony. This wide variety of phenological patterns is related to high tropical biodiversity and complex interactions with diverse abiotic and biotic factors, such as plant-pollinator interactions. Changes in these factors will therefore influence plant phenology, and differences in those phenological responses can impact reproductive success and plant fitness. We report here interspecific variations in the reproductive ecology (flowering phenology, floral biology, reproductive systems, and pollination) of 10 Myrtaceae species in a gallery forest in northeastern, Brazil. We evaluated flowering patterns and strategies, considering the frequency and duration of each phenophase from monthly observations, using the semi-quantitative Fournier scale. We also analyzed floral biology, recorded floral visitors, conducted pollination experiments (autonomous self-pollination, hand self-pollination, hand cross-pollination, and natural/open pollination), and calculated sefl-incompatibility (SII) and autogamy (AI) indices. Most species exhibited synchronous and annual flowering lasting between 1 and 5 months, with a “pulsed bang” strategy (i.e., mass flowering concentrated within just a few days, with intervals). These patterns were repeated among congeneric species, except in Myrcia, in which half of the species accompanied were classified as having a “pulsed bang” and the other half a “big bang” strategy. The flowering strategies appeared to be associated with distinct patterns of inflorescence development, bud production, flowering duration, and the timing of flowering in individual plants. Bee species were considered pollinators. Most species studied were self-incompatible and allogamous. In general, the species produced large quantities of flowers during short temporal intervals, favoring crosses between individuals having precise synchrony. nearcontinuous near continuous events asynchrony plantpollinator pollinator phenology fitness biology systems northeastern Brazil observations semiquantitative semi quantitative scale visitors autonomous selfpollination, selfpollination self pollination, self-pollination crosspollination, crosspollination cross cross-pollination naturalopen natural open , seflincompatibility sefl incompatibility SII (SII AI (AI indices months pulsed bang i.e., ie i e (i.e. days intervals. intervals . intervals) Myrcia big development production pollinators selfincompatible incompatible allogamous general i.e. (i.e i.e

ABSTRACT Giant hepatic hemangiomas are occasional in patients with cirrhosis. It remains a challenge to decide on the need for treatment and choose the most appropriate intervention. A 62-year-old woman was recently diagnosed with cirrhosis and complained of upper abdominal fullness, reduction in oral food intake, and weight loss of 6 kg over the last three years. Upper digestive endoscopy evidenced thin-caliber esophageal varices and significant extrinsic compression of the lesser gastric curvature. Abdominal computed tomography revealed an exophytic tumor in the left hepatic lobe, measuring 11.5 cm, which had progressive centripetal contrast enhancement from the arterial phase, compatible with hepatic hemangioma. Serum tumor markers were negative, and her liver function was unimpaired. The patient underwent surgical resection (non-anatomical hepatectomy of segments II and III) which had no immediate complications, and the histopathological evaluation confirmed cavernous hepatic hemangioma. Two weeks later, she was admitted to the emergency room with jaundice, signs of hepatic encephalopathy, and moderate ascites, and was further diagnosed with secondary bacterial peritonitis. As no perforations, abscesses, or fistulas were observed on subsequent imaging tests, clinical management was successfully carried out. This case highlights that giant hepatic hemangiomas may be symptomatic and warrant treatment. In the setting of cirrhosis and portal hypertension, physicians should be aware of the risk of hepatic decompensation following surgical resection, even in patients with Child-Pugh class A. intervention 62yearold yearold 62 year old fullness intake years thincaliber thin caliber curvature lobe 115 11 5 11. cm phase hemangioma negative unimpaired nonanatomical non anatomical III complications later jaundice encephalopathy ascites peritonitis perforations abscesses tests out hypertension ChildPugh Child Pugh 1