Objetivo: Avaliar a espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina em portadores de esquistossomose mansônica na forma hepatoesplênica utilizando a tomografia de coerência óptica. Métodos: Realizou-se estudo observacional, analítico, de corte transversal. O grupo de doentes foi composto por 24 indivíduos (13 femininos e 11 masculinos), com idades variando entre 27 e 73 anos (55,7±11,6 anos). No grupo controle foram incluídos 22 indivíduos (12 femininos e 10 masculinos) com idades entre 31 e 77 anos (55,4±16,5 anos). Dos 92 olhos avaliados, três foram excluídos por apresentarem opacidade de meios que impossibilitaram o exame. Todos os participantes foram submetidos ao exame oftalmológico completo e medida da camada de fibras nervosas da retina pela tomografia de coerência óptica. Resultados: A média das espessuras da camada de fibras nervosas da retina foi de 98,1±15,2μm no grupo de estudo e 114,2±10,0 μm no grupo controle (p<0,001). Conclusão: Observou-se diminuição significante da espessura da camada de fibras nervosas da retina, em todos os quadrantes, nos pacientes com esquistossomose mansônica na forma hepatoesplênica.

Purpose: To evaluate the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with the hepatosplenic schistosomiasis mansoni using optical coherence tomography. Methods: It was performed a observational, analytic, cross-sectional study. The group of patients enrolled 24 individuals (13 females and 11 males), aged from 27 to 73 years (55.7±11.6 years). In the control group were included 22 subjects (12 females and 10 males) aged from 31 to 77 years (55.4±16.5 years). Of the 92 eyes evaluated, three were excluded because they have opaque media, which made impossible to perform the test. All participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination and measurement of the retinal nerve fiber layer using optical coherence tomography. Results: The mean thickness of retinal nerve fiber layer was 98.1±15.2µm in the studied group and 114.2±10.0 µm in the control group (p<0.001). Conclusions: There was a significant decrease in the retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in all quadrants in patients with hepatosplenic schistosomiasis.

PURPOSE: To investigate the morphological aspects of brain and eyes in newborn rats whose mother underwent autogenously fecal peritonitis. METHODS: Four pregnant rats that underwent fecal peritonitis, with a 10% fecal suspension in dose of 4 ml per kilogram received two antimicrobial treatments: 1. intraperitoneal moxifloxacin and dexamethazone; and 2. Intravenous meropenem. After head inspection, the brain consistencies and the eyes belonging to all offspring were analyzed. RESULTS: The brains of newborn from rats that received 4 ml/kg of 10% suspension of feces showed, significantly smaller and less than the firm consistency of those in the control group. Congenital cataract was observed in 9 (34.6%). No cataract was observed in the 20 newborn rats from the mothers that received the combination of moxifloxacin and dexamethasone. Cataract could be observed in three (13.6%) offspring from mothers that received meropenem. CONCLUSIONS: Peritonitis can produce brain damage and congenital cataract in rats. The translation to humans is that intra abdominal infection in pregnant women may be associated with damage in brain and eye structures of their concepts. This can be averting using the adequate early therapeutically approach.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do "cross-linking" corneano na ceratopatia bolhosa sintomática e seu impacto na acuidade visual, espessura corneana e sintomatologia dolorosa. MÉTODOS: Doze pacientes com ceratopatia bolhosa sintomática foram incluídos. Exame clínico com questionário específico para a pesquisa com escala de dor (escala visual analógica numérica), acuidade visual e mensuração da espessura corneana foi realizada pré "cross-linking" corneano, 7, 30 e 60 dias após. Em todos os pacientes o tratamento com UVA-crosslinking foi realizado após abrasão do epitélio corneano na lâmpada de fenda e instilação de solução de riboflavina 0,1% a cada 5 minutos por 30 minutos. Após esse período o paciente foi submetido à exposição à luz ultravioleta A (UVA), utilizando riboflavina e anestesia tópica a cada 5 minutos por 30 minutos. O paciente utilizou colírios de ofloxacina 0,3% e lágrima artificial até completa reepitelização. O teste de Friedman foi usado para comparar as médias das frequências da acuidade visual, sintomatologia dolorosa e espessura central da córnea. Os valores de "p" menor que 0,05 foram considerados como estatisticamente significantes. RESULTADOS: Doze olhos de 12 pacientes com erosões epiteliais recorrentes foram tratados. O tempo de seguimento foi de dois meses. Foi observada redução significante da dor (p<0,001). As medidas da espessura corneana e da acuidade visual não sofreram alterações estatisticamente significantes. CONCLUSÃO: Foi constatado o potencial de aplicação do "cross-linking" corneano no tratamento de pacientes com dor causada por ceratopatia bolhosa. É necessário maior seguimento para confirmar se os resultados podem ser reproduzidos em longo prazo.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the corneal cross-linking (CXL) effect on symptomatic bullous keratopathy, and its impact on the visual acuity, corneal thickness and pain symptomatology. METHODS: Twelve patients with symptomatic bullous keratophaty were included. A clinical examination with a specific questionnaire (pain scale - visual numeric analog scale), visual acuity, and corneal thickness measures was performed before corneal cross-linking and 7, 30 and 60 days after the procedure. In all patients, the treatment with the UVA-crosslinking was done after corneal abrasion on the slit-lamp and instillation of 0.1% riboflavin in saline for every five minutes, lasting 30 minutes. Subsequently, the patient underwent the UVA light exposure, using riboflavin and topical anesthesia, every five minutes lasting 30 minutes. The patient received 0.3% ofloxacine drops, and artificial tears until complete reepithelization. The Friedman test was used to compare the means of frequencies of visual acuity, pain symptoms and corneal thickness. A "p" value <0.05 was considered for rejecting the null hypothesis. RESULTS: Twelve eyes from 12 patients with recurrent epithelium erosions were treated. The mean follow-up was two months. Significant pain reduction was observed (p<0.001). Corneal thickness and visual acuity measurements presented with no significant difference. CONCLUSION: The potential use of cross-linking in the treatment of bullous keratopathy pain was proved to be likely. A longer follow-up to confirm whether these results can be reproduced in the long term is necessary.