ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate intake, digestibility and performance in dairy heifers fed diets containing increasing levels of babassu cake (0, 100, 200 and 300 g kg-1 dry matter - DM) as a substitute for sugarcane treated with calcium oxide. Twenty-four heifers with an initial mean weight of 190.8 + 40.8 kg were used, distributed in a completely randomised design. The dry matter intake (DMI), neutral detergent fibre intake (NDFI) and acid detergent fibre intake (ADFI), as %BW and g BW-0.75 , showed an increasing linear response. The organic matter intake (OMI) showed a linear increase of 40 g day-1, 0.017%BW and 0.66 g BW-0.75 for each 10 g kg-1 increase in babassu cake in the diet. The apparent digestibility of the dry matter (ADDM) and organic matter (ADOM) showed a quadratic response (P < 0.05), with a minimum of 493 g kg-1 DM for 150 g kg-1 DM and 526.5 g kg-1 DM for 320 g kg-1 DM as a substitute for the sugarcane, respectively. The final mean weight was not altered, presenting a value of 299.7 + 45.5 kg. Daily weight gain (DWG) showed a quadratic response, with the highest value at a substitution level of 190 g kg-1 DM. The feed conversion rate of the DM was not affected by the addition of babassu cake, with an average of 4.6 + 0.74 kg DM kg-1 in weight gain. Babassu cake can substitute hydrolysed sugarcane in heifer diets up to 300 g kg-1 DM, with the greatest weight gain seen at a substitution level of 190 g kg-1 DM. 0, 0 (0 100 20 30 kg1 1 kg- oxide Twentyfour Twenty four 1908 8 190. 408 40. used design DMI, DMI (DMI) NDFI (NDFI ADFI, ADFI (ADFI) BW BW0.75 BW075 0.75 75 BW-0.7 OMI (OMI 4 day1, day1 day 1, day-1 0017BW 017 066 66 0.6 diet ADDM (ADDM ADOM (ADOM P 0.05, 005 0.05 05 0.05) 49 15 5265 526 5 526. 32 respectively altered 2997 299 7 299. 455 45 45. DWG (DWG 19 46 6 4. 074 74 0.7 ( 2 3 (DMI (ADFI BW0 BW0.7 BW07 075 BW-0. day- 01 06 0. 00 0.0 52 29 07 BW0. BW-0 BW-

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to assess the effect of increasing levels of babassu cake on the ingestive behaviour of dairy heifers in confinement. Twenty-four heifers with an average initial weight of 190.8 ± 40.8 kg were fed diets containing babassu cake (0, 100, 200, 300 mg kg-1 (dry matter basis) as a substitute for sugar cane, in a completely randomised design with four treatments and six replications. Observations were made every five minutes for 24 hours, assessing rumination, feeding, idle time, sleeping and other activities, in addition to the frequency with which the heifers searched for water, urinated and defecated. The time spent on feeding and rumination decreased by 0.1138% and 0.3106%, respectively, for every 10 g kg-1 substitute, while idle time increased by 0.3368% for every 10 g kg-1 substitute. The time spent sleeping and on other activities was not affected. Longer feeding times were seen whenever feed was offered, with more rumination activity at night. There was no effect on the specific activities (urination, defecation or drinking); however, urination and drinking were affected by the period, and was more frequent during the day. There was a linear increase in intake, and in feed and rumination efficiency for dry matter and neutral detergent fibre, with a reduction in total chewing time. Substituting babassu cake for sugar cane affects both the ingestive behaviour of dairy heifers and the rumination process as it does not stimulate chewing. confinement Twentyfour Twenty 1908 190 8 190. 408 40 40. 0, 0 (0 100 200 30 kg1 1 kg- basis replications 2 hours water defecated 01138 1138 0.1138 03106 3106 0.3106% respectively 03368 3368 0.3368 offered night urination, (urination drinking) however period day intake fibre 19 4 ( 20 3 0113 113 0.113 0310 310 0.3106 0336 336 0.336 011 11 0.11 031 31 0.310 033 33 0.33 01 0.1 03 0.31 0.3 0.

Abstract Steroids and gonadotrophins are essential for the regulation of late stages of preantral development and antral follicular development. Although the luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR) has been detected in the preantral follicles of rats, rabbits, and pigs, its expression, in bovine fetal ovary, has not been demonstrated. Based on this, we aimed to investigate the expression of the LHCGR and LHCGR mRNA binding protein (LRBP), as well as, to quantify bta-miR-222 (a regulatory microRNA of the LHCGR gene) during the development of bovine fetal ovary. In summary, LHCGR expression was observed in the preantral follicle in bovine fetal ovary, from oogonias to primordial, primary and secondary stages, and the mRNA abundance was lower on day 150 than day 60. However, the mRNA abundance of LRBP followed the opposite pattern. Similar to LRBP, the abundance of bta-miR-222 was higher on day 150 than day 60 or 90 of gestation. The LHCGR protein was detected in oogonia, primordial, primary, and secondary follicles. Moreover, both oocytes and granulosa cells showed positive immunostaining for LHCGR. In conclusion, we suggest the involvement of LHCGR/LRBP/bta-mir222 with mechanisms related to the development of preantral follicles in cattle. (LHCGR rats rabbits pigs ovary demonstrated this , (LRBP) btamiR222 btamiR bta miR 222 bta-miR-22 a gene summary primordial 15 However pattern 6 9 gestation oogonia Moreover conclusion LHCGR/LRBP/btamir222 LHCGRLRBPbtamir222 LHCGRLRBPbtamir LHCGR/LRBP/bta mir222 mir LHCGR/LRBP/bta-mir22 cattle (LRBP btamiR22 22 bta-miR-2 1 btamir222 btamir LHCGR/LRBP/btamir22 LHCGRLRBPbtamir22 LHCGRLRBPbta mir22 LHCGR/LRBP/bta-mir2 btamiR2 2 bta-miR- btamir22 LHCGR/LRBP/btamir2 LHCGRLRBPbtamir2 mir2 LHCGR/LRBP/bta-mir bta-miR btamir2 LHCGR/LRBP/btamir

Abstract: Assai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) cultivars BRS-Pará (BRS-PA) and BRS-Pai d’Égua (BRS-PDE) were selected for cultivation in upland regions of the Amazon. Given these cultivars were developed from different progenitors, we postulated that they differ regarding water-deficit tolerance. To test this hypothesis, plants of both cultivars were evaluated under well-watered (control) and water-deficit conditions (pre-dawn leaf water potential of – 2.33 MPa). Relative to control, the water-deficit decreased net CO2 assimilation rate (A) and transpiration by 82% and 86% in both cultivars, while the stomatal conductance (gs) was reduced by 93% and 87% in stressed plants of BRS-PDE and BRS-PA. The water-deficit improved instantaneous water-use efficiency by 43% in both cultivars, while intrinsic water-use efficiency (A/gs) increased by 193% and 33% in BRS-PDE and BRS-PA. The water-deficit induced 44% increase in foliar proline and 27% decrease in soluble carbohydrates in both cultivars, while foliar sucrose decreased by 53% in BRS-PA and 16% in BRS-PDE in relation to control. The relative water content in stressed plants of both cultivars was decreased by 8.5% in relation to control. In conclusion, the more efficient stomatal opening control and higher A/gs in BRS-PDE indicate this cultivar better copes with drought than BRS-PA. Abstract Euterpe Mart. Mart BRSPará BRS Pará BRSPA PA (BRS-PA BRSPai Pai dÉgua d Égua BRSPDE PDE (BRS-PDE Amazon progenitors waterdeficit deficit tolerance hypothesis wellwatered well watered (control predawn pre dawn 233 2 33 2.3 MPa. MPa . MPa) CO A (A 82 86 gs (gs 93 87 BRSPA. PA. wateruse use 43 Ags (A/gs 193 44 27 53 16 85 8 5 8.5 conclusion 23 3 2. 9 4 19 1 8.

Resumo As cultivares de açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) BRS-Pará (BRS-PA) e BRS-Pai d’Égua (BRS-PDE) foram selecionadas para cultivo em regiões de terra firme da Amazônia. Como essas cultivares foram desenvolvidas a partir de diferentesprogenitores,nós postulamos que essas cultivares podem diferir na tolerância ao déficithídrico. Para testar essa hipótese, plantas de ambas os cultivares foram avaliadas em condiçõesadequadas de irrigação (controle) e déficit hídrico (potencial hídrico foliar naantemanhã de – 2,33MPa). Em relação ao controle, o déficit hídrico reduziu a taxa de assimilaçãolíquida de CO2(A) e a transpiração, em 82%, e 86% em ambas as cultivares, enquanto acondutância estomática(gs) foi reduzida em 93% e 87%, nas plantas estressadas de BRS-PDE e BRS-PA. O déficit hídrico aumentou a eficiência instantânea do uso da água em 43%, em ambas as cultivares,enquanto a eficiência intrínseca do uso da água (A/gs) aumentou 193% na BRS-PDE e 33% na BRS-PA. O déficit hídrico induziu o aumento de 44% na prolina foliare um decréscimo de 27% nos carboidratos solúveis totais, enquanto a sacarose foliar diminuiu53% na BRS-PA e 16% na BRS-PDE, em relação ao controle. O conteúdo relativo de águanas plantas estressadas de ambas as cultivares diminuiu em 8,5% em relação ao controle. Emconclusão, o controle da abertura estomática mais eficiente e a maior A/gs, na BRS-PDE,indicam que esta cultivar respondeu melhor ao déficit hídrico que a BRS-PA. Euterpe Mart. Mart BRSPará BRS Pará BRSPA PA (BRS-PA BRSPai Pai dÉgua d Égua BRSPDE PDE (BRS-PDE Amazônia diferentesprogenitoresnós diferentesprogenitores nós déficithídrico hipótese (controle potencial 2,33MPa. 233MPa MPa 2,33MPa . 2 33MPa 2,33MPa) CO2A COA CO2 A CO CO2(A transpiração 82 82% 86 estomáticags gs estomática(gs 93 87 87% BRSPA. PA. 43 43% cultivaresenquanto A/gs Ags (A/gs 193 33 44 27 totais diminuiu53 16 BRSPDE, PDE, 85 8 5 8,5 Emconclusão BRSPDE,indicam BRSPDEindicam PDE,indicam indicam 9 4 19 3 diminuiu5 1 8, PDEindicam

ABSTRACT Water resources used for irrigation should be managed using technologies that improve water use efficiency, mainly in semiarid regions. Using drought-tolerant rootstocks is a strategy to handle this challenge. The objective of this study was to select suitable grapevine rootstocks for cultivation in semiarid regions based on their biomass, biochemical, and gas exchange attributes. The experiment was conducted at the Bebedouro Experimental Field of the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA Semiarid), in Petrolina, PE, Brazil. Rootstocks from grapevine plants of the cultivars Paulsen 1103, SO4, IAC 313, IAC 572, IAC 766, Ramsey, and 101-14 MgT were subjected to three irrigation water depths (100%, 50%, and 20% ET0). A randomized block experimental design with four replications was used, in a split-plot arrangement consisting of irrigation water depths in the plots and rootstocks in the subplots. Biochemical, biomass, and gas exchange attributes were assessed for selecting the best rootstocks regarding tolerance to drought using multivariate principal component analysis (PCA) and analysis of variance. The rootstocks IAC 313 and IAC 766 presented the highest root proline synthesis; IAC 766 presented better result for leaf sucrose synthesis; and Paulsen 1103 presented the highest leaf proline synthesis and carotenoid contents, as well as total chlorophyll-to-carotenoid ratio. IAC 313, IAC 766, and Paulsen 1103 presented better performance regarding the studied characteristics and, therefore, are suitable for growing grapevine crops in the Lower Middle São Francisco Valley, mainly under water deficit conditions. efficiency droughttolerant tolerant challenge biomass biochemical EMBRAPA Semiarid, Semiarid , Semiarid) Petrolina PE Brazil SO4 SO 572 Ramsey 10114 101 14 101-1 100%, 100 (100% 50 50% 20 ET0. ET0 ET . ET0) splitplot split plot subplots Biochemical PCA (PCA variance 31 76 110 contents chlorophylltocarotenoid chlorophyll ratio therefore Valley conditions 57 1011 10 1 101- 100% (100 5 2 3 7 11 (10 (1 (

RESUMO Os recursos hídricos, especialmente em regiões semiáridas, devem ser utilizados com o emprego de tecnologias que permitam aumentar a eficiência e uso da água para irrigação. Uma estratégia para lidar com esse problema é o uso de porta-enxertos tolerantes à seca. Com o objetivo de selecionar porta-enxertos de videira adequados para o cultivo em regiões semiáridas, com base na biomassa, variáveis bioquímicas e nas trocas gasosas, o experimento foi conduzido no Campo Experimental de Bebedouro, pertencente à Embrapa Semiárido, em Petrolina-PE. Foram utilizados os portaenxertos ‘Paulsen1103’, ‘SO4’, ‘IAC 313’, ‘IAC 572’, ‘IAC 766’, ‘Ramsey’ e ‘101-14 MgT’ submetidos a três lâminas de irrigação (100, 50 e 20% da ETo). O delineamento experimental foi em blocos casualizados com quatro repetições, em parcelas subdivididas, com a parcela principal sendo a lâmina de irrigação e a subparcela os portaenxertos. Características bioquímicas, de biomassa e relacionadas às trocas gasosas foram utilizadas para seleção dos melhores portaenxertos quanto à tolerância à seca, por meio de análise multivariada de componentes principais (PCA) e análise de variância. Os portaenxertos ‘IAC 313’ e ‘IAC 766’ destacaram-se pela maior síntese de prolina radicular, o ‘IAC 766’ apresentou melhor resultado para síntese de sacarose foliar, enquanto ‘Paulsen1103’ se destacou em prolina foliar, carotenoide e razão clorofila total/carotenoide. Pode-se concluir que os porta-enxertos ‘IAC 313’, ‘IAC 766’ e ‘Paulsen 1103’ apresentam melhor desempenho quanto às características estudadas e, portanto, são uma escolha válida para cultivo da videira no Submédio do Vale do São Francisco, especialmente em condições de déficit hídrico. hídricos semiáridas porta enxertos seca Bebedouro Semiárido PetrolinaPE. PetrolinaPE Petrolina PE. PE Petrolina-PE ‘Paulsen1103, Paulsen1103 Paulsen ‘Paulsen1103 , ‘SO4, SO4 SO ‘SO4 ‘SO4’ IAC 313, 313 572, 572 572’ 766, 766 ‘Ramsey Ramsey ‘10114 10114 ‘101 14 101 ‘101-1 MgT 100, 100 (100 5 20 ETo. ETo . ETo) repetições subdivididas PCA (PCA variância destacaramse destacaram radicular foliar totalcarotenoide total total/carotenoide Podese Pode 1103 portanto Francisco hídrico Paulsen110 ‘Paulsen110 ‘SO 31 57 76 ‘1011 1011 ‘10 1 10 ‘101- (10 2 110 Paulsen11 ‘Paulsen11 3 7 ‘1 (1 11 Paulsen1 ‘Paulsen1 ‘ (

Abstract The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain is one of the most frequent causative agents of childhood diarrhea and travelers’ diarrhea in low-and middle-income countries. Among the virulence factors secreted by ETEC, the exoprotein EtpA has been described as an important. In the present study, a new detection tool for enterotoxigenic E. coli bacteria using the EtpA protein was developed. Initially, antigenic sequences of the EtpA protein were selected via in silico prediction. A chimeric recombinant protein, corresponding to the selected regions, was expressed in an E. coli host, purified and used for the immunization of mice. The specific recognition of anti-EtpA IgG antibodies generated was evaluated using flow cytometry. The tests demonstrated that the antibodiesdeveloped were able to recognize the native EtpA protein. By coupling these antibodies to magnetic beads for the capture and detection of ETEC isolates, cytometric analyses showed an increase in sensitivity, specificity and the effectiveness of the method of separation and detection of these pathogens. This is the first report of the use of this methodology for ETEC separation. Future trials may indicate their potential use for isolating these and other pathogens in clinical samples, thus accelerating the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. (ETEC travelers lowand low middleincome middle income countries important study E developed Initially prediction regions host mice antiEtpA anti cytometry isolates sensitivity samples diseases

ABSTRACT The study of catastrophic costs incurred by people affected by tuberculosis (TB), conducted in Colombia during the COVID-19 pandemic, provided the opportunity to implement telephone surveys for data collection. This constitutes a methodological innovation regarding the standards established by the World Health Organization (WHO) which, for this type of study, usually rely on face-to-face surveys of patients attending health facilities. The study design, objectives, and methodology were adapted from the WHO publication Tuberculosis patient cost surveys: a handbook. A total of 1065 people affected by tuberculosis were selected as study participants and, by telephone, were administered a standard questionnaire adapted to the Colombian context. This allowed the collection of structured data on the direct and indirect costs faced by TB patients and their families. Greater than 80% completeness was achieved for all variables of interest, with an average survey duration of 40 minutes and a rejection rate of 8%. The described survey method to determine the baseline for further study of catastrophic costs in Colombia was novel because of its telephone-based format, which adheres to the information standards required to allow internationally comparable estimates. It is a useful means of generating standardized results in contexts in which the ability to conduct face-to-face surveys is limited.

RESUMEN El estudio de costos catastróficos que experimentan las personas afectadas por tuberculosis realizado en Colombia durante la pandemia de COVID-19 trajo consigo la oportunidad de implementar encuestas telefónicas como medio para la recopilación de información. Lo anterior se constituye como una innovación metodológica en los estándares establecidos por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) que, para este tipo de estudios, suelen tener base en el empleo de encuestas cara a cara con los pacientes que acuden a las instalaciones de salud. El diseño del estudio, sus objetivos y metodología fueron adaptados del manual práctico para la realización de encuestas de costos de la tuberculosis de la OMS. Se seleccionaron 1 065 personas afectadas por tuberculosis como participantes del estudio, a quienes se les administró de manera telefónica el cuestionario estándar adaptado al contexto colombiano. Fue posible obtener datos estructurados sobre los costos directos e indirectos que enfrentan los pacientes con tuberculosis y sus familias; de manera general, se observó que todas las variables de recopilación alcanzaron una completitud mayor a 80%, con un tiempo promedio de encuesta de 40 minutos y una tasa de rechazo de 8%. La metodología de encuestas telefónicas desarrollada para determinar la línea base del estudio de costos catastróficos en Colombia resultó innovadora por el formato telefónico, que mantiene los estándares de información requerida para permitir estimaciones comparables a nivel internacional, y es un medio útil en la generación de resultados estandarizados en eventos en los cuales existe limitación para la realización de encuestas cara a cara.

RESUMO O estudo dos custos catastróficos incorridos pelas pessoas afetadas pela tuberculose realizado na Colômbia durante a pandemia de COVID-19 representou uma oportunidade de implementar pesquisas telefônicas como forma de coleta de dados. Constitui-se uma inovação metodológica dos padrões estabelecidos pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), que, para esse tipo de estudo, geralmente se baseiam no uso de pesquisas presenciais com os pacientes que frequentam estabelecimentos de saúde. O delineamento, os objetivos e a metodologia do estudo foram adaptados do manual prático da OMS para a realização de pesquisas de custos da tuberculose. Um total de 1065 pessoas afetadas pela tuberculose foram selecionadas para participar do estudo. O questionário padrão, adaptado ao contexto colombiano, foi aplicado pelo telefone. Foi possível obter dados estruturados sobre os custos diretos e indiretos enfrentados pelos pacientes com tuberculose e suas famílias. Em geral, observou-se que todas as variáveis de coleta atingiram uma completude de mais de 80%, com um tempo médio de pesquisa de 40 minutos e uma taxa de recusa de 8%. A metodologia de pesquisa telefônica desenvolvida para determinar a linha de base do estudo de custos catastróficos na Colômbia foi inovadora devido ao formato telefônico, que mantém os padrões de informação necessários para permitir estimativas comparáveis internacionalmente e é uma forma útil de gerar resultados padronizados em circunstâncias em que há limitações para a realização de pesquisas presenciais.

Toads of the Rhinella genus have a pair of paratoid glands that store biological secretions of high toxicity and varied chemical composition, rich in biologically active compounds. The present work aimed to carry out the investigation of the metabolomic profile and evaluation of the biological potential of the secretion paratoid glands (PGS) from Rhinella granulosa. The paratoid secretion was collected in the Piauí state (Brazil), extracted with methanol and the extract was analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Fifty chemical constituents were identified. The extract showed cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines of the central nervous system (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 1.9 µg mL-1) and prostate (IC50 = 1.6 µg mL-1), unsatisfactory antimicrobial potential (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 312 µg mL-1) and inhibited the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 5.119 mg mL-1). The results presented relevant information about the PGS and contributed to the understanding of the metabolomic and biological potential of R. granulosa. composition compounds (PGS granulosa Brazil, Brazil , (Brazil) ultraperformance ultra performance timeofflight time flight spectrometry identified half IC50 IC 19 1 9 1. mL1 mL mL-1 (IC5 16 6 mL1, minimal MIC (MIC 31 5119 5 119 5.11 mL1. . R (Brazil IC5 mL- (IC 3 511 11 5.1 51 5.

ABSTRACT This article analyzes the bioeconomy of Brazil’s nut production chain according to socio-economic parameters of socio-environmental justice. The methods used were: (1) review of the literature, (2) participant observation in loco, (3) description of the chain through value links, (4) analysis of the sayings of the main actors, (5) comparison of the values of buying and selling between the actors, and (6) a feasibility study according to the concept of fair trade. Seeing conceptual appropriation as a strategy, we find new versions of age-old injustices in the production chain of nuts from the chestnut groves of Alto Trombetas. the article concludes that there is a mutual relationship between the traditional quilombola way of life and the chestnut groves that is fundamental for the existence of the production chain. Thus, there is need for greater participation of extractivist stakeholders in the governance of the chain to balance the distribution of profitability, and adapt it to the real concept of fair trade. Brazils Brazil s socioeconomic socio economic socioenvironmental environmental justice were 1 (1 literature 2 (2 loco 3 (3 links 4 (4 actors 5 (5 6 (6 trade strategy ageold age old Trombetas Thus profitability (

RESUMO Este artigo analisa a bioeconomia da cadeia produtiva da castanha-do-pará de acordo com parâmetros socioeconômicos de justiça socioambiental. As metodologias utilizadas foram: (1) revisão bibliográfica, (2) observação participante in loco, (3) a descrição da cadeia por meio do valuelinks, (4) a análise dos discursos dos atores envolvidos, (5) a comparação dos valores de compra e venda entre atores, e (6) um estudo de viabilidade de acordo com o conceito de economia justa (fairtrade). Observando a apropriação conceitual como estratégia, notam-se novas versões de manutenção das injustiças presentes na cadeia produtiva da castanha-do-pará oriunda dos castanhais do Alto Trombetas. E conclui que há uma relação mútua entre modo de vida tradicional quilombola e os castanhais, a qual é fundamental para existência da cadeia de produção, por isso há necessidade de maior participação dos extrativistas na governança da cadeia, a fim de equilibrar a distribuição da rentabilidade, e se adequar ao real conceito de fairtrade. castanhadopará castanha pará socioambiental foram 1 (1 bibliográfica 2 (2 loco 3 (3 valuelinks 4 (4 envolvidos 5 (5 6 (6 fairtrade . (fairtrade) estratégia notamse notam Trombetas produção rentabilidade ( (fairtrade

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to map the world's scientific production of bacterial and fungal microbiota in mollusks. The research was carried out in the Web of Science database, using “Fungi AND Mollusk” and “Bacteria AND Mollusk” descriptors and publication time between 2001 and 2021. Indexes were built by years, countries, research areas, and two maps of the co-occurrence of terms. There was a progressive increase in the production of microbiota in mollusks, with more research on bacteria during the investigated period. China and USA were the countries with the highest percentage of publications. Research with fungi and bacteria accounted for 28.41 and 17.66% in China, respectively. While the USA, the percentage was 21.05% for fungi and 16.02% for bacteria. Areas such as marine and freshwater biology (24.77%), fisheries (23.86%), biochemistry and molecular biology (18.60%), and pharmacy (17.83%) showed a higher percentage of indexed articles. There was also a high concentration of deposits of publications in the immunology area for both themes. The groups formed for bacteria and fungi indicated that studies had described the immune responses of mollusks, the genetic aspects associated with their defense mechanisms, pathogen virulence factors, and symbiotic and pathogenic microbiota, highlighting genera Vibrio, Aspergillus, and Escherichia coli pathogenic pathotypes. The bacterial and fungal microbiota in mollusks have been studied in several areas of knowledge and have given rise to research that can support the proper management of mollusks, application in the pharmaceutical industry, and implementation of measures in public health.

ABSTRACT: Glanders is a contagious zoonotic infectious disease characterized by an acute or chronic condition that mainly affects equids and is caused by Burkholderia (B.) mallei. From January 2005 to December 2017, 697 farms with positive cases of this disease were registered in Brazil, with the Northeast region accounting for 61.4% (428/697) of the total number of cases. This study conducted an epidemiological study of B. mallei infections that occurred in farms in the states of Pernambuco, Paraíba, Ceará and Alagoas. For this purpose, investigative questionnaires were applied to six farms where there were outbreaks of glanders and 11 farms where there were no reports of glanders between 2017 and 2021, and statistical analysis of the factors associated with the occurrence of glanders in Northeastern Brazil was performed. Factors such as the purpose of rearing (P = 0.023), lack of information on disease transmission modes (P = 0.034), failure to carry out periodic tests for glanders diagnosis (P = 0,029), no request for glanders tests prior to the purchase of new animals periodic tests for glanders diagnosis (P = 0.029), not requiring a negative test for glanders in the acquisition of animals (P = 0.06), use of extensive breeding systems(P = 0.027), and poor stall hygiene were associated with disease occurrence (P = 0.001). Understanding the factors related to the occurrence of glanders in the Northeast Region of Brazil helps to establish management measures that minimize bacteria transmission, thereby reducing the number of cases in the region and economic losses associated with glanders. ABSTRACT B (B. 200 69 614 61 4 61.4 428/697 428697 428 (428/697 Pernambuco Paraíba Alagoas 1 201 2021 performed P 0.023, 0023 0.023 , 0 023 0.023) 0.034, 0034 0.034 034 0.034) 0,029, 0029 0,029 029 0,029) 0.029, 0.029 0.029) 0.06, 006 0.06 06 0.06) systemsP systems 0.027, 0027 0.027 027 0.027) 0.001. 0001 0.001 . 001 0.001) (B 20 6 61. 428/69 42869 42 (428/69 202 002 0.02 02 003 0.03 03 0,02 00 0.0 000 0.00 2 428/6 4286 (428/6 0,0 0. 428/ (428/ 0, (428 (42 (4 (

RESUMO: O mormo é uma doença infectocontagiosa, zoonótica, de caráter agudo ou crônico, que acomete principalmente os equídeos, causado por Burkholderia (B.) mallei. De janeiro de 2005 até dezembro de 2017, 697 focos da doença foram registrados no Brasil, sendo que a região Nordeste detém 61,4% (428/697) do total de focos. Objetivou-se realizar um estudo epidemiológico da infecção por Burkholderia mallei em propriedades nos estados de Pernambuco, Paraíba, Ceará e Alagoas. Para tal foi aplicado questionário investigativo em seis fazendas onde houve caso de Mormo e 11 fazendas em que não houve relato entre 2007 e 2011 e realizada análise estatística dos fatores de manejo associados à ocorrência do Mormo no Nordeste do Brasil. Observou-se associação significativa para as seguintes variáveis: objetivo da criação (comércio, esporte e trabalho nas fazendas) (P = 0,023); ausência de informação sobre as formas de transmissão da bactéria (P = 0,034); não realização de exames periódicos para o diagnóstico do mormo (P = 0,029); exigência de exame negativo na compra de equinos (P = 0,06); utilização do sistema de criação extensivo (P = 0,027) e deficiência de higienização das baias (P = 001). Os resultados obtidos devem ser utilizados na implementação de medidas de manejo que minimizem o risco de transmissão da bactéria, reduzindo os casos da doença na região e as perdas econômicas com o mormo. RESUMO infectocontagiosa zoonótica crônico equídeos B. B (B. 200 2017 69 Brasil 614 61 4 61,4 428/697 428697 428 (428/697 Objetivouse Objetivou se Pernambuco Paraíba Alagoas 1 201 Observouse Observou variáveis comércio, comércio (comércio P 0,023 0023 0 023 0,023) 0,034 0034 034 0,034) 0,029 0029 029 0,029) 0,06 006 06 0,06) 0,027 0027 027 001. 001 . 001) (B 20 6 61, 428/69 42869 42 (428/69 0,02 002 02 0,03 003 03 0,0 00 2 428/6 4286 (428/6 0, 428/ (428/ (428 (42 (4 (

Abstract To investigate the influence of the remaining volume of a new intracanal medication based on bioceramic compounds on the bond strength (BS) and formation of an adhesive interface between calcium silicate-based and epoxy resin-based root canal sealers. For this purpose, the specimens were distributed according to the intracanal medication (n = 26): Bio-C Temp (BCT) and Ultracal XS (UXS). The roots were scanned in microCT, and after 7 days, the medication was removed. Then a new scan was performed to evaluate the volume of medication remaining. Subsequently, 40 specimens were redistributed into 2 subgroups (n = 10) and filled according to the sealer used: AH Plus (AHP) and Bio-C Sealer (BCS), to assess the bond strength by using the push-out test, and the adhesive interface by confocal laser fluorescence microscopy (CLSM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The t test showed a smaller remainder of BCT (1.77 ± 0.86) compared with UXS (10.47 ± 5.78), irrespective of the root third evaluated. The BS showed that teeth with BCT + BCS had higher bond strength values (3.70 ± 1.22) when compared to the other groups: BCT + AHP (2.15 ± 1.07), UXS + BCS (3.18 ± 1.09) and UXS + AHP (2.11 ± 1.02) (p<0.001). The cervical third had higher BS when compared with the middle and apical thirds (p < 0.001), and higher number of adhesive failures. The adhesive interface in SEM and CLSM images showed better adaptation for the association between BCT + BCS. Intracanal medication and silicate-based endodontic sealer appeared to interact chemically by forming a biomineralizing layer, allowing for an increase in the bond strength and forming an adhesive interface between the materials, with no or less gap formation. (BS silicatebased silicate resinbased resin sealers purpose n 26 26) BioC Bio C (BCT UXS. . (UXS) microCT days removed Subsequently 4 10 used (AHP BCS, , (BCS) pushout push out (CLSM SEM. (SEM) 1.77 177 1 77 (1.7 0.86 086 0 86 10.47 1047 47 (10.4 5.78, 578 5.78 5 78 5.78) evaluated 3.70 370 3 70 (3.7 1.22 122 22 groups 2.15 215 15 (2.1 1.07, 107 1.07 07 1.07) 3.18 318 18 (3.1 1.09 109 09 2.11 211 11 1.02 102 02 p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 001 (p<0.001) 0.001, 0001 0.001 0.001) failures layer materials (UXS (BCS (SEM 1.7 17 (1. 0.8 08 8 10.4 104 (10. 57 5.7 3.7 37 (3. 1.2 12 2.1 21 (2. 1.0 3.1 31 p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.001 000 0.00 1. (1 0. 10. (10 5. 3. (3 2. (2 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.00 0.0 ( p0 p<0. (p<0.0 p<0 (p<0. p< (p<0 (p<

ABSTRACT Objective Investigate the prevalence of postural changes and correlate them with body weight and the weight of schoolchildren’s backpacks in a school in the city of São João del-Rei-MG. Material and Methods The study is an original type, with a cross-sectional design, where 109 schoolchildren of both sexes and mean age of 13 years were evaluated. The New York scale was used for posture analysis, measuring body weight, height, backpack weight, and Body Mass Index (BMI). The ANOVA statistical test and Pearson’s correlation test were used, considering a significance level of 0.05. Results According to the results, the general average of the scores of postural problems was 68.7 points, with a predominance in the head, spine, hips, trunk, and abdomen. The regions of shoulder, feet, and neck presented mean scores below seven. The mean height was 1.61 m, body weight 56.03 kg, backpack weight 4.49 kg and BMI was 21.51 kg/m. Conclusion Postural alterations are highly prevalent among the evaluated students. The most affected body segments are the head, spine, hips, trunk, and abdomen. However, this finding was not related to the weight of the backpacks or the students’ body weight. However, different parameters must be used to analyze the factors that may be related to such findings, such as ergonomic changes, inadequate habits, growth spurt, among others. Evidence Level III,Cross-sectional Observational Study. schoolchildrens s delReiMG. delReiMG del Rei MG. MG del-Rei-MG type crosssectional cross sectional design 10 1 analysis BMI. . (BMI) Pearsons Pearson 005 0 05 0.05 results 687 68 7 68. points head spine hips trunk abdomen shoulder feet seven 161 61 1.6 m 5603 56 03 56.0 449 4 49 4.4 2151 21 51 21.5 kgm kg/m students However findings habits spurt others III,Crosssectional IIICrosssectional III,Cross III Cross Study (BMI 00 0.0 6 16 1. 560 5 56. 44 4. 215 2 21. Crosssectional IIICross 0.

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a prevalência de alterações posturais e correlacionar com o peso corporal e o peso das mochilas dos escolares em uma escola no município de São João del-Rei-MG. Métodos O estudo é do tipo original, com delineamento transversal onde foram avaliados 109 escolares, com média de idade de 13 anos, de ambos os sexos. A escala de Nova Iorque foi utilizada para análise de postura, medição do peso corporal, altura, peso da mochila e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Foi utilizado o teste estatístico ANOVA e o teste de correlação de Pearson, considerando o nível de significância de 0,05. Resultados De acordo com os resultados, a média geral dos escores dos problemas posturais foi de 68,7 pontos, com predomínio na região da cabeça, coluna, nos quadris, no tronco, e no abdômen. As regiões dos ombros, pés e pescoço apresentaram médias de escores menores que 7. A média da altura foi de 1,61m, do peso corporal de 56,03kg, do peso das mochilas de 4,49 kg e 21,51 kg/m do IMC. Conclusão Conclui-se que existe uma alta prevalência de alterações posturais entre os escolares avaliados. Sendo que, os segmentos corporais mais comprometidos são, a cabeça, a coluna vertebral, os quadris, o tronco e o abdômen. No entanto, esse achado não foi relacionado ao peso das mochilas ou ao peso corporal dos escolares. Assim, diferentes parâmetros devem ser utilizados para analisar os fatores que podem estar relacionados a tais achados, como alterações ergonômicas, hábitos inadequados, estirão de crescimento, entre outros. Nível de Evidência III, Estudo Transversal Observacional. delReiMG. delReiMG del Rei MG. MG del-Rei-MG original 10 1 anos sexos postura IMC . (IMC) Pearson 005 0 05 0,05 resultados 687 68 7 68, pontos cabeça quadris abdômen ombros 161m m 61m 1,61m 5603kg 56 03kg 56,03kg 449 4 49 4,4 2151 21 51 21,5 kgm Concluise Conclui se são vertebral entanto Assim achados ergonômicas inadequados crescimento outros III Observacional (IMC 00 0,0 6 5 44 4, 215 2 21, 0,

RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar la relación entre riesgo de agotamiento profesional (burnout) y cultura de seguridad en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio transversal realizado en 18 Unidades Básicas de Salud del Noreste brasileño. Fueron utilizadas tres encuestas: sociodemográfica, Maslach Burnout Inventory y Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture. El estudio fue aprobado por Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: participaron 78 trabajadores de salud, de los cuales 64,1% presentaron riesgo reducido de burnout; y 11,5%, elevado riesgo (p=0,000). Fueron identificadas como dimensiones de debilidades de la cultura de seguridad: Presión en el trabajo y ritmo; Apoyo de gestores, administradores y líderes; Evaluación global de la calidad; y Evaluación global de la seguridad del paciente. Conclusiones: constatada relación entre bajo riesgo de desarrollo del síndrome de burnout y evaluación positiva de la cultura de seguridad. Objetivos (burnout Métodos 1 brasileño encuestas sociodemográfica Culture Investigación Resultados 7 salud 641 64 64,1 115 11 5 11,5% p=0,000. p0000 p p=0,000 . 0 000 (p=0,000) ritmo gestores líderes calidad paciente Conclusiones 6 64, 11,5 p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,000 11, p00 p=0,0 (p=0,00 p0 p=0, (p=0,0 p=0 (p=0, p= (p=0 (p= (p

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the association between the risk of occupational exhaustion (burnout) and safety culture in Primary Health Care. Methods: ross-sectional study conducted in 18 Primary Health Care Units in the Northeast of Brazil. Three questionnaires were used: sociodemographic, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: seventy-eight healthcare workers participated, of which 64.1% presented a reduced risk of burnout; and 11.5%, a high risk (p=0.000). The following were identified as weakened dimensions of safety culture: Work pressure and pace; Owner, managing partners, leadership support; Overall ratings on quality; and Overall rating on patient safety. Conclusions: an association was found between low risk of developing burnout syndrome and positive evaluation of safety culture. Objectives (burnout Methods rosssectional ross sectional 1 Brazil used sociodemographic Inventory Culture Committee Results seventyeight seventy eight participated 641 64 64.1 115 11 5 11.5% p=0.000. p0000 p p=0.000 . 0 000 (p=0.000) pace Owner partners support quality Conclusions 6 64. 11.5 p000 p=0.00 00 (p=0.000 11. p00 p=0.0 (p=0.00 p0 p=0. (p=0.0 p=0 (p=0. p= (p=0 (p= (p

RESUMO Objetivos: analisar a associação entre risco de esgotamento profissional (burnout) e cultura de segurança na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado em 18 Unidades Básicas de Saúde do Nordeste brasileiro. Foram utilizados três questionários: sociodemográfico, Maslach Burnout Inventory e Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture. O estudo foi aprovado por Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa. Resultados: participaram 78 trabalhadores de saúde, dos quais 64,1% apresentaram risco reduzido de burnout; e 11,5%, elevado risco (p=0,000). Foram identificadas como dimensões fragilizadas da cultura de segurança: Pressão no trabalho e ritmo; Apoio de gestores, administradores e líderes; Avaliação global da qualidade; e Avaliação global da segurança do paciente. Conclusões: constatou-se associação entre baixo risco de desenvolvimento da síndrome de burnout e avaliação positiva da cultura de segurança. Objetivos (burnout Métodos 1 brasileiro questionários sociodemográfico Culture Pesquisa Resultados 7 saúde 641 64 64,1 115 11 5 11,5% p=0,000. p0000 p p=0,000 . 0 000 (p=0,000) ritmo gestores líderes qualidade paciente Conclusões constatouse constatou se 6 64, 11,5 p000 p=0,00 00 (p=0,000 11, p00 p=0,0 (p=0,00 p0 p=0, (p=0,0 p=0 (p=0, p= (p=0 (p= (p

ABSTRACT The nutritional and sensory qualities of tomatoes favor their acceptance worldwide. This study was carried out to evaluate the risk perception of agrochemical and sensory residue in tomato consumption. Thus, 12 kg of organic tomatoes (OT) and 12 kg of conventional tomatoes (CT) at an equal maturation stage were selected. R version 3.6.1 was applied to the analysis of physical and chemical variables. The Mann-Whitney test with a value of p<0.05 was used to verify associations between the groups. The sensory evaluation involved 37 volunteers and considered the mean answers of each question about the perception of fresh tomatoes. The OT presented about 13% more ascorbic acid in relation to CT, but there was no significant difference between them (p>0.05). OT detected higher values for pH, soluble solids (ºBrix) and titratable acidity, but there were no significant differences between them (p>0.05). Chlorfenapir residues below the Acceptable Daily Intake (IDA) value (0.03 mg/kg per capita) were detected, indicating a low risk of acute toxicity. Chlorfenapir is banned in Europe, but remains detected in Brazil. Public policies are needed to encourage sustainable food production. worldwide consumption Thus 1 (OT CT (CT selected 361 3 6 3.6. variables MannWhitney Mann Whitney p005 p 0 05 p<0.0 groups 13 p>0.05. p>0.05 . (p>0.05) pH ºBrix (ºBrix acidity IDA (IDA 0.03 003 03 (0.0 mgkg mg capita toxicity Europe Brazil production 36 3.6 p00 p<0. p>0.0 (p>0.05 0.0 00 (0. 3. p0 p<0 p>0. (p>0.0 0. (0 p< p>0 (p>0. ( p> (p>0 (p> (p

RESUMO A qualidade nutricional e sensorial favorece a aceitação do tomate no mundo todo. Realizou-se este estudo para avaliar a percepção de risco do resíduo agroquímico e sensorial do consumo de tomates. Desta forma, foram selecionados 12 kg de tomates de sistema orgânico (TO) e 12 kg de tomate convencional (TC), de igual maturação. Para análise das variáveis físicas e químicas aplicou-se o R versão 3.6.1. Para verificar associações entre os grupos empregou-se o teste de Mann-Whitney com valor de p<0,05. A avaliação sensorial envolveu 37 voluntários e considerou a média das respostas de cada questão sobre a percepção do tomate in natura. O TO apresentou cerca de 13% mais ácido ascórbico em relação ao TC, mas não houve diferença significativa entre si (p>0,05). O TO detectou valores maiores para pH, sólidos solúveis (ºBrix) e acidez titulável, mas não houve diferenças significativas ao TC. Detectou-se resíduos de clorfenapir abaixo do Valor da Ingestão Diária Aceitável (IDA) (0,03 mg/kg per capita), indicando baixo risco de toxicidade aguda. O clorfenapir proibido na Europa segue detectado no Brasil. São necessárias políticas públicas de incentivo à produção sustentável de alimentos. todo Realizouse Realizou se forma 1 (TO TC , (TC) maturação aplicouse aplicou 361 3 6 3.6.1 empregouse empregou MannWhitney Mann Whitney p005 p 0 05 p<0,05 natura 13 p>0,05. p>0,05 . (p>0,05) pH ºBrix (ºBrix titulável Detectouse Detectou IDA (IDA 0,03 003 03 (0,0 mgkg mg capita, capita capita) aguda Brasil alimentos (TC 36 3.6. p00 p<0,0 p>0,0 (p>0,05 0,0 00 (0, 3.6 p0 p<0, p>0, (p>0,0 0, (0 3. p<0 p>0 (p>0, ( p< p> (p>0 (p> (p