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Abstract Sudden failure of a mine tailing dam occurred in the municipality of Brumadinho, Minas Gerais, Brazil, on January 25, 2019. Approximately 12 million cubic meters of mine tailings discharged into the Paraopeba River, producing strong environmental and societal impacts, mainly due to a massive increase in turbidity (occasionally exceeding 50,000 Nephelometric Turbidity Units [NTU] (CPRM 2019). Remote sensing is a well-established tool for quantifying spatial patterns of turbidity. However, a few empirical models have been developed to map turbidity in rivers impacted by mine tailings. Thus, this study aimed to develop an empirical model capable of producing turbidity estimates based on images from the Sentinel-2 satellite, using the Paraopeba River as the study area. We found that river turbidity was most strongly correlated with the sensor’s near-infrared band (NIR) (band 8). Thus, we built an empirical single-band model using an exponential function with an (R2 of 0.91) to characterize the spatial-temporal variation of turbidity based on satellite observations of NIR reflectance. Although the role of discharged tailings in the seasonal variation of turbidity is not well understood, the proposed model enabled the monitoring of turbidity variations in the Paraopeba River associated with seasonal resuspension or deposition of mine tailings. Our study shows the capability of single-band models to quantify seasonal variations in turbidity in rivers impacted by mine tailing pollution.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202320220177

Comparative study of the doses of cytokinin in the quality of caigua (Cyclanthera pedata L.) in Peru
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Cruz Nieto, D. D.

; Castañeda Chirre, E. T.

; Castro Bartolomé, H. J.

; Legua Cárdenas, J. A.

; Nunja García, J. V.

; Vélez Chang, Y. J.

; Luque Vilca, O. M.

; Ito Díaz, R. R.

; Calizaya Llatasi, F. G.

; Leon Gomez, R.

; Maldonado Mamani, R. A.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e275635

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract Bioavailability of nutrients, the scarcity of synthetic fertilisers, and the rising cost of fuel have all contributed to an increase in production costs, which has in turn reduced crop productivity and led scientists to seek out new methods to ensure high-quality output. In this context, various cytokinins dosages were tested in Peru to see whether they affected the quality of caigua, in an effort to address these issues. To mitigate these problems, a pot experiment was carried out to check the effects of various doses of cytokinin in the quality of caigua in Peru. The experiment consisted of 5 treatments including (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mL of cytokinin) by using (Anthesis Plus per 200 L of water) as a source, each with three replicates and placed following a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Treatment with 100 mL of cytokinins foliar analysis resulted in a caigua length of 18.9 cm, an increase in diameter of 5.65 cm, and an improvement in pulp thickness of 7.60 millimeters. Physiological parameters of caigua plants taken after 45 days of sowing were considerably improved with the same treatment. Similarly, N, K and Zn concentration in leaf was higher in case of 100 mL of cytokinins foliar analysis. Therefore, policymakers must advise using the recommended quantity of cytokinins to bring about regime transition, and formers can gain by injecting 100 mL of cytokinins to boost production and the economy. It was concluded that the adequate dose of cytokinins is in treatment T3, which raised value of potassium concentration in leaves, this influenced optimal development, strengthening against environmental stress and therefore quality. For this reason, research was carried out on the comparative study of cytokinin doses in the quality of caigua in Peru; the objective was to determine the appropriate dose to obtain higher quality fruit. Likewise, it was underlined that the objective was to employ an ecological alternative of plant origin such as the usage of phytohormone that stimulates the growth of the plant and consequently the quality of the fruit. The obtained the results were served as a recommendation for farmers in the area.

Resumo A biodisponibilidade de nutrientes, a escassez de fertilizantes sintéticos e o aumento do custo dos combustíveis contribuíram para um aumento nos custos de produção, o que, por sua vez, reduziu a produtividade das culturas e levou os cientistas a procurar novos métodos para garantir resultados de alta qualidade. Neste contexto, várias dosagens de citocininas foram testadas no Peru para examinar se afetavam a qualidade do caigua, num esforço para resolver estes problemas. Para mitigar esses problemas, foi realizado um experimento em vaso para verificar os efeitos de diversas doses de citocinina na qualidade do caigua no Peru. O experimento consistiu de cinco tratamentos, incluindo 0, 50, 100, 150 e 200 mL de citocinina utilizando Anthesis Plus por 200 L de água como fonte, cada um com três repetições e dispostos seguindo um delineamento em blocos completos casualizados (RCBD). O tratamento com 100 mL de análise foliar de citocininas resultou em comprimento de caigua de 18,9 cm, aumento de diâmetro de 5,65 cm e melhora na espessura da polpa de 7,60 mm. Os parâmetros fisiológicos das plantas de caigua colhidas após 45 dias da semeadura melhoraram consideravelmente com o mesmo tratamento. Da mesma forma, a concentração de N, K e Zn nas folhas foi maior no caso da análise foliar de 100 mL de citocininas. Portanto, os decisores políticos devem aconselhar a utilização da quantidade recomendada de citocininas para provocar a transição de regime, e os primeiros podem ganhar injetando 100 mL de citocininas para impulsionar a produção e a economia. Concluiu-se que a dose adequada de citocininas está no tratamento T3, que elevou o valor da concentração de potássio nas folhas, isso influenciou no desenvolvimento ideal, no fortalecimento contra o estresse ambiental e consequentemente na qualidade. Por esse motivo, foram realizadas pesquisas sobre o estudo comparativo de doses de citocinina na qualidade do caigua no Peru; o objetivo foi determinar a dose adequada para obter frutos de maior qualidade. Da mesma forma, foi sublinhado que o objetivo era empregar uma alternativa ecológica de origem vegetal, como a utilização de fito-hormona que estimulasse o crescimento da planta e, consequentemente, a qualidade do fruto. Os resultados obtidos serviram de recomendação para os agricultores da região.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275635

Analysis of the biological and chemical characteristics of cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L.) Fed with compost based on sugarcane residues
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Cruz Nieto, D. D.

; Montes, L. A. A.

; Lirión Rodríguez, I. R.

; Chauca, V. M. Z.

; More López, J. M.

; Yovera Saldarriaga, J.

; Romero Menacho, J. U.

; Chanducas Tantaleán, H. E.

; Sotelo Montes, J. E.

; Jamanca Ramirez, M. A.

; Caira Mamani, C. M.

; Alberto, M. N. M.

; Carbonel Neciosup, A. E.

; Vélez Chang, Y. J.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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2023, Volume 83 elocation e275698

Resumo: En Pt | Texto: En Pt | PDF: En | PDF: Pt

Abstract The pandemic and the geopolitical conflict between Russia and Ukraine are events that have caused economic instability in Peru. Reason that was investigated on the analysis of the biological and chemical characteristics of cabbage fed with compost based on sugarcane residues. The objective was to analyze the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of cabbage from the adequate dose of compost based on sugarcane residues and distance between plants. It is based on the methodology applied with an experimental approach, for which the Completely Random Block Design with a 4x 2 factorial arrangement was used, which consisted of 3 blocks and 8 treatments that were the combination: F1 with 0, F2 with 8, T3 with 10 and F4 with 12 t/ha and spacing (D1) with 0.30 m between plants and 0.60 m between rows and (D2) with 0.35 m between plants and 0.60 m between rows. The physical characteristics of cabbage were evaluated and processed by analysis of variance, nutrient concentrations in leaves and stomatal density were analyzed. The results determined that T7 stood out in plant height with 41.88 cm, yield with 26.76 tn/ha and T6 in root length with 20.22 cm. In chemical analysis of leaves T1 stood out in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and T4 in calcium, magnesium and sulfur. In T7 stomata density with 977 stomata/mm2. It concludes that at an adequate dose and greater distance that T7 stands out in the concentration of nutrients that are within normal values and high density of stomata; Therefore, these characteristics influenced the optimal biochemical reactions, which obtained good development and yield that differed at 51.39% and 32.17% with respect to the controls T1 and T5.

Resumo A pandemia e o conflito geopolítico entre a Rússia e a Ucrânia são eventos que têm causado instabilidade econômica no Peru. Motivo que foi investigado na análise das características biológicas e químicas do repolho alimentado com composto à base de resíduos da cana-de-açúcar. O objetivo foi analisar as características físicas, químicas e biológicas do repolho a partir da dose adequada de composto à base de resíduos da cana-de-açúcar e distância entre plantas. Baseia-se na metodologia aplicada com uma abordagem experimental, para a qual foi utilizado o Delineamento de Blocos Completamente Aleatório com arranjo fatorial 4 x 2, que consistia em 3 blocos e 8 tratamentos que eram a combinação: F1 com 0, F2 com 8, T3 com 10 e F4 com 12 toneladas/ha e espaçamento (D1) com 0,30 m entre plantas e 0,60 m entre linhas e (D2) com 0,35 m entre plantas e 0,60 m entre linhas. As características físicas do repolho foram avaliadas e processadas por análise de variância, as concentrações de nutrientes nas folhas e a densidade estomática foram analisadas. Os resultados determinaram que T7 se destacou em altura de planta com 41,88 cm, produtividade com 26,76 tn/ha e T6 em comprimento de raiz com 20,22 cm. Na análise química das folhas T1 se destacou em nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio e T4 em cálcio, magnésio e enxofre. Em densidade de estômatos T7 com 977 estômatos/mm2. Conclui que em dose adequada e maior distância que T7 se destaca na concentração de nutrientes que estão dentro dos valores normais e alta densidade de estômatos; Portanto, essas características influenciaram nas reações bioquímicas ótimas, que obtiveram bom desenvolvimento e rendimentos que diferiram em 51,39% e 32,17% em relação aos controles T1 e T5.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.275698

Expression pattern of CRYAB and CTGF genes in two pig breeds at different altitudes
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Liu, S.

; Xing, L.

; Zhang, J.

; Wang, K.

; Duan, M.

; Wei, M.

; Zhang, B.

; Chang, Z.

; Zhang, H.

; Shang, P.

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia

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Fev 2022, Volume 74 Nº 1 Páginas 176 - 184

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Porcos tibetanos são caracterizados por diferenças fenotípicas significativas em relação aos porcos de planície. Nosso estudo anterior demonstrou que os genes CRYAB e CTGF eram expressos diferentemente nos tecidos do coração entre os porcos tibetanos (raça das terras altas) e Yorkshire (raça das terras baixas), indicando que eles poderiam participar da adaptação à hipoxia. CRYAB (ɑB-crystallin) e CTGF (fator de crescimento do tecido conjuntivo) também foram relatados como estando associados ao desenvolvimento pulmonar. Entretanto, os padrões de expressão do CRYAB e CTGF nos tecidos pulmonares em diferentes altitudes e sua caracterização genética não são bem compreendidos. Neste estudo, o qRT-PCR e a mancha ocidental de tecido pulmonar revelou níveis de expressão de CRYAB mais elevados em porcos tibetanos e Yorkshire de altitude e média altitude do que em seus pares de planície. Com um aumento na altitude, o nível de expressão do CTGF aumentou nos porcos tibetanos, enquanto diminuiu nos porcos Yorkshire. Além disso, foram identificados dois novos polimorfismos de um único nucleotídeo na região flanqueadora de CRYAB (g.39644482C>T e g.39644132T>C) e CTGF (g.31671748A>G e g.31671773T>G). O polimorfismo pode contribuir parcialmente com as diferenças nos níveis de expressão entre grupos a uma mesma altitude. Estas descobertas proporcionam novos conhecimentos sobre as adaptações de hipoxia a alta altitude dos porcos tibetanos.

ABSTRACT Tibetan pigs are characterized by significant phenotypic differences relative to lowland pigs. Our previous study demonstrated that the genes CRYAB and CTGF were differentially expressed in heart tissues between Tibetan (highland breed) and Yorkshire (lowland breed) pigs, indicating that they might participate in hypoxia adaptation. CRYAB (ɑB-crystallin) and CTGF (connective tissue growth factor) have also been reported to be associated with lung development. However, the expression patterns of CRYAB and CTGF in lung tissues at different altitudes and their genetic characterization are not well understood. In this study, qRT-PCR and western blot of lung tissue revealed higher CRYAB expression levels in highland and middle-highland Tibetan and Yorkshire pigs than in their lowland counterparts. With an increase in altitude, the expression level of CTGF increased in Tibetan pigs, whereas it decreased in Yorkshire pigs. Furthermore, two novel single-nucleotide polymorphism were identified in the 5′ flanking region of CRYAB (g.39644482C>T and g.39644132T>C) and CTGF (g.31671748A>G and g.31671773T>G). The polymorphism may partially contribute to the differences in expression levels between groups at the same altitude. These findings provide novel insights into the high-altitude hypoxia adaptations of Tibetan pigs.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4162-12403

Optimization of cationic polymer-mediated transfection for RNA interference
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Fan, Xiaojie

; Yang, Jingnan

; Wu, Guangyao

; Wang, Meiyi

; Cheng, Xiaoxia

; Liu, Chang

; Liu, Qian

; Wen, Yanan

; Meng, Shuangshuang

; Wang, Zhenxing

; Lin, Xuhong

; An, Lei

Genetics and Molecular Biology

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2022, Volume 45 Nº 2 elocation e20210237

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract Transfection efficiency was estimated to optimize the conditions for RNA interference (RNAi), including transfection time, validity, and nucleic acid concentration and type, using the EZ Trans Cell Reagent, a cationic polymer. An shRNA against GFP was designed and transfected into cells using the EZ transfection reagent. The shRNA significantly decreased the expression of GFP. In addition, pre-diluted transfection reagent at room temperature and small nucleic acids increased the transfection efficiency, which peaked at 24 h. Compared with circular nucleic acids, linear nucleic acids showed higher transfection efficiency and a higher genome integration rate. We optimized cationic polymer-mediated RNAi conditions, and our data will be useful for future RNAi studies.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0237

Arabidopsis CK2 family gene CKB3 involved in abscisic acid signaling
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Yuan, C.

; Han, J.

; Chang, H.

; Xiao, W.

Brazilian Journal of Biology

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Mai 2021, Volume 81 Nº 2 Páginas 318 - 325

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo CKB3 é uma subunidade reguladora (beta) de CK2. Neste estudo, o mutante homozigoto ckb3 de Arabidopsis thaliana foi estudado para entender o papel da CKB3 na sinalização de ácido abscísico (ABA). Os resultados apresentados: CKB3 foi expresso em todos os órgãos e a maior expressão nas sementes, seguida pela raiz. Durante a germinação das sementes e o crescimento radicular, o mutante ckb3 mostrou sensibilidade reduzida ao ABA. O mutante ckb3 teve mais abertura estomática e aumento do acúmulo de prolina e perda de água nas folhas. Os níveis de expressão do número de genes na rede reguladora da ABA haviam mudado. Este estudo demonstra que CKB3 é um gene relacionado à sinalização ABA e pode desempenhar um papel positivo na sinalização ABA.

Abstract CKB3 is a regulatory (beta) subunit of CK2. In this study Arabidopsis thaliana homozygous T-DNA mutant ckb3 was studied to understand the role of CKB3 in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling. The results shown: CKB3 was expressed in all organs and the highest expression in the seeds, followed by the root. During seed germination and root growth the ckb3 mutant showed reduced sensitivity to ABA. The ckb3 mutant had more stomatal opening and increased proline accumulation and leaf water loss. The expression levels of number of genes in the ABA regulatory network had changed. This study demonstrates that CKB3 is an ABA signaling-related gene and may play a positive role in ABA signaling.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1519-6984.225345 417 downloads

Baryon Acoustic Oscillations from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations: an instrument to observe the 21cm hydrogen line in the redshift range 0.13 < z < 0.45 – status update
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WUENSCHE, CARLOS A.

; ABDALLA, ELCIO

; ABDALLA, FILIPE

; BAROSI, LUCIANO

; WANG, BIN

; AN, RUI

; BARRETOS, JOÃO A. M.

; BATTYE, RICHARD

; BRITO, FRANCISCO A.

; BROWNE, IAN

; CORREIA, DANIEL

; COSTA, ANDRÉ A.

; DELABROUILLE, JACQUES

; DICKINSON, CLIVE

; FENG, CHANG

; FERREIRA, ELISA G. M.

; FORNAZIER, KARIN

; DE GASPERIS, GIANCARLO

; GUTIERREZ, PRISCILA

; HARPER, STUART

; LANDIM, RICARDO G.

; LICCARDO, VINCENZO

; MA, YIN-ZHE

; MACHADO, TELMO

; MAFFEI, BRUNO

; MARINS, ALESSANDRO

; MENDES, MILENA M. M.

; MERICIA, EDUARDO

; MONSTEIN, CHRISTIAN

; MOTTA, PABLO

; NOVAES, CAMILA

; OTOBONE, CARLOS H.

; PEEL, MICHAEL

; QUEIROZ, AMILCAR R.

; RADCLIFFE, CHRISTOPHER

; REMAZEILLES, MATHIEU

; RIBEIRO, RAFAEL M. G.

; SANG, YU

; SANTOS, JULIANA F. R.

; SANTOS, LARISSA

; SANTOS, MARCELO. V.

; SHAN, CHENXI

; SILVA, GUSTAVO B.

; VIEIRA, FREDERICO

; VIEIRA, JORDANY

; VILLELA, THYRSO

; XIAO, LINFENG

; YANG, WEIQIANG

; ZHANG, JIAJUN

; ZHANG, XUE

; ZHU, ZENGHAO

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2021, Volume 93 elocation e20201096

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract BINGO (BAO from Integrated Neutral Gas Observations) is a unique radio telescope designed to map the intensity of neutral hydrogen distribution at cosmological distances, making the first detection of Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAO) in the frequency band 980 MHz - 1260 MHz, corresponding to a redshift range 0.127 < z < 0.449. BAO is one of the most powerful probes of cosmological parameters and BINGO was designed to detect the BAO signal to a level that makes it possible to put new constraints on the equation of state of dark energy. The telescope will be built in Paraíba, Brazil and consists of two \thicksim 40m mirrors, a feedhorn array of 50 horns, and no moving parts, working as a drift-scan instrument. It will cover a 15 ^{\circ} ∘ declination strip centered at \sim \delta ∼ δ =-15 ^{\circ} ∘, mapping \sim ∼ 5400 square degrees in the sky. The BINGO consortium is led by University of São Paulo with co-leadership at National Institute for Space Research and Campina Grande Federal University (Brazil). Telescope subsystems have already been fabricated and tested, and the dish and structure fabrication are expected to start in late 2020, as well as the road and terrain preparation.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765202120201096 413 downloads

Incremento de la viabilidad, producción de espe‐ cies reactivas de oxígeno, IL-1 y TNF-α en células mononucleares de sangre periférica humana trata‐ das con fucoidan de Lessonia trabeculata
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Colona‐Vallejos, Erasmo H

; Alzamora-Gonzales, Libertad

; Chávez Pérez, Jorge

; Apumayta Suárez, Eder V

; Chang Avila, Iliana

Revista Peruana de Biología

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Ago 2019, Volume 26 Nº 3 Páginas 291 - 300

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Brown algae are a source of high content of polysaccharides such as fucoidans that have important immunomodulatory properties. The aim was to determine the viability of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMC), production of nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α and IFN -γ in cultures treated with fucoidan from Lessonia trabeculata. Fucoidan from Lessonia trabeculata from San Nicolás de Marcona-Ica Bay was used. The hPBMC were isolated using Ficoll-Hypaque, distributed at a concentration of 1x105 cells/well in complete RPMI-1640 medium and treated with different concentrations of fucoidan for 24 and 48 h. The cytotoxic activity was determined by the reduction of MTT, NO production by the Griess reaction and ROS by the reduction of NBT. The production of cytokines was quantified by ELISA. The fucoidan of L. trabeculata stimulated the proliferation of hPBMC and produced the increase of ROS at concentrations of 100-2000 μg/mL with respect to the control (p <0.001), the reaction for nitrites was negative. Fucoidan increased the production of IL-1α and TNF-α at concentrations of 100 and 10 μg/mL respectively, while the production of IL-6 and IFN-γ did not show significant differences. It is concluded that the fucoidan of L. trabeculata stimulates the proliferation of hPBMC, production of reactive oxygen species and the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1α and TNF-α that possess important immunomodulatory properties.

Las algas pardas constituyen una fuente de alto contenido de polisacáridos como los fucoidanos que poseen importantes propiedades inmunomoduladoras. El objetivo fue determinar la viabilidad de células mononucleares de sangre periférica humana (CMSPh), producción de óxido nítrico (NO), especies reactivas de oxígeno (ROS) y de las citoquinas proinflamatorias IL-1α, IL-6, TNF-α e IFN-γ en cultivos tratados con fucoidan de Lessonia trabeculata. Se empleó fucoidan de Lessonia trabeculata proveniente de la bahía San Nicolás de Marcona-Ica. Las CMSPh se aislaron empleando Ficoll-Hypaque, se distribuyeron a una concentración de 1x105 células/pocillo en medio RPMI-1640 completo y se trataron con diferentes concentraciones de fucoidan durante 24 y 48 h. La actividad citotóxica se determinó por la reducción de MTT, la producción de NO por la reacción de Griess y las ROS por la reducción del NBT. La producción de citoquinas se cuantificó por ELISA. El fucoidan de L. trabeculata estimuló la proliferación de CMSPh y produjo el incremento de ROS a concentraciones de 100-2000 μg/mL respecto al control (p<0.001), la reacción para nitritos resultó negativa. El fucoidan incrementó la producción de IL-1α y TNF-α a concentraciones de 100 y 10 μg/mL respectivamente, mientras que la producción de IL-6 e IFN-γ no mostró diferencias significativas. Se concluye que el fucoidan de L. trabeculata estimula la proliferación de CMSPh, producción de especies reactivas de oxígeno y las citoquinas proinflamatorias IL-1α y TNF-α que poseen importantes propiedades inmunomoduladoras.

https://doi.org/10.15381/rpb.v26i3.16772

Retzius-sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy is safe for patients with prior transurethral prostate surgery
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Kim, Lawrence H. C.

; Santok, Glen Denmer

; Raheem, Ali Abdel

; Chang, Kidon

; Lum, Trenton

; Chung, Byung Ha

; Choi, Young Deuk

; Rha, Koon Ho

International braz j urol

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Ago 2018, Volume 44 Nº 4 Páginas 842 - 843

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2017.0316 463 downloads

10.

Liver cancer stem cells are selectively enriched by low-dose cisplatin
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Zhang, H.

; Chang, W.J.

; Li, X.Y.

; Zhang, N.

; Kong, J.J.

; Wang, Y.F.

Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research

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Jun 2014, Volume 47 Nº 6 Páginas 478 - 482

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Accumulating evidence has indicated the importance of cancer stem cells in carcinogenesis. The goal of the present study was to determine the effect of low-dose cisplatin on enriched liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs). Human hepatoblastoma HepG2 cells were treated with concentrations of cisplatin ranging from 1 to 5 μg/mL. Cell survival and proliferation were evaluated using a tetrazolium dye (MTT) assay. LCSCs were identified using specific markers, namely aldehyde dehydrogenase-1 (ALDH1) and CD133. The percentage of ALDH1+ or CD133+ cells was examined by flow cytometric analysis. The expression of ALDH1 and/or CD133 in HepG2 cells was determined by immunocytochemical analysis. Low-dose cisplatin treatment significantly decreased cell survival in HepG2 cells after 24 or 72 h. However, the percentage of LCSCs in the surviving cells was greatly increased. The percentage of ALDH1+ or CD133+ cells was increased in a time- and dose-dependent manner after treatment with 1-4 μg/mL cisplatin, whereas 5 μg/mL cisplatin exposure slightly reduced the number of positive cells. These findings indicate that low-dose cisplatin treatment may efficiently enrich the LCSC population in HepG2 cells.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20143415 2244 downloads

11.

Evaluación del efecto de la Lepidium meyenii “Maca” en la mucosa gástrica en pacientes con dispepsia funcional
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Benites Goñi, Harold Eduardo

; Cok García, Jaime

; Bussalleu Cavero, Alejandra

; Bustamente Robles, Katherine Yelenia

; Zegarra Chang, Arturo

; Bravo, Eduar

; Bussalleu Rivera, Alejandro

Revista de Gastroenterología del Perú

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Jan 2014, Volume 34 Nº 1 Páginas 39 - 43

Resumo: En Es | Texto: En Es | PDF: En | PDF: Es

Objective: The present study was designed to determine the histological effect of Lepidium meyenii “Maca” on the gastric mucosa in patients with functional dyspepsia. Material and methods: This study consists of a clinical case series, in which the effect of Maca on the gastric histopathology of 29 Peruvian patients diagnosed with functional dyspepsia was examined. The presence of H. pylori, as well as the degree and depth of the gastric mucosa inflammation was evaluated from biopsies obtained before and after the treatment based solely of Maca 3 grams per day for four weeks. Results: Average values of the degree and depth of mucosal inflammation before and after the treatment were compared showing no statistical difference among the samples. Sixteen patients were infected with H. pylori, and they remained infected after the treatment with Maca. Conclusions: A four week long treatment with Maca does not produce significant changes on gastric mucosa of patients with functional dyspepsia, neither on H. pylori eradication.

Objetivo: Determinar el efecto que tiene Lepidium meyenii “Maca” en la histología de la mucosa gástrica en pacientes con dispepsia funcional. Material y métodos: Serie de casos realizado en el Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia en la que se evaluó el efecto de la Maca administrada por cuatro semanas 3 gramos por día en la histopatología gástrica de pacientes con diagnóstico clínico y endoscópico de dispepsia funcional. Se evaluó el grado y la profundidad de la inflamación en la lámina propia y el efecto sobre la presencia de H. pylori (en aquellos que tenían la infección), a través de biopsias obtenidas antes y después del tratamiento. Resultados: Se reclutaron 29 pacientes con dispepsia funcional entre el 2010 y 2012. Las biopsias antes y después del tratamiento, revisadas por un solo patólogo, no demostraron cambios significativos en los parámetros histológicos, ni tuvo efecto en la erradicación del H. pylori. Conclusiones: La Maca no produce cambios significativos en la mucosa gástrica ni tiene efecto en la erradicación del H. pylori al ser brindada por cuatro semanas a pacientes con dispepsia funcional.

12.

The Effect of Added Dead Space on Optimal Neuro-Muscular Drive and Respiratory Signals under Hypercapnia
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Lin, S. L.

; Chang, H. C.

; Huang, C. Y.

Journal of applied research and technology

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2014, Volume 12 Nº 6 Páginas 1003 - 1013

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

The problem concerning the nature and the function of the dead space is of basic importance for the full comprehension of the respiratory physiology and pathophysiology. To study the effect of an imposed external dead space on the optimal respiratory control system, we simulated the optimal neuro-muscular drive and respiratory signals, including instantaneous airflow and lung volume profiles, with dead space loading under hypercapnia. The dead space measurement model by Gray was employed and the human respiratory control simulator based on an optimality hypothesis was implemented. The ventilatory control simulations were performed with external dead space loading of 0, 0.4 and 0.8 liters under rest condition (Pico2=0%) and CO2 inhalation of 3% to 7%. The optimization of the respiratory signals and model behavior of the optimal respiratory control under dead space loading and hypercapnia were verified and found to be in general agreement with experimental findings.

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13.

High-Speed Decoding of the Binary Golay Code
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Lee, H. P.

; Chang, C. H.

; Chu, S. I.

Journal of applied research and technology

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Jun 2013, Volume 11 Nº 3 Páginas 331 - 337

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Recently, some table-lookup decoding algorithms (TLDAs) have been used to correct the binary Golay code. This paper proposes an efficient high-speed TLDA called message-syndrome decoding algorithm (MSDA) by using the message syndrome to correct the binary systematic Golay code. The proposed MSDA is based on the novel message-syndrome lookup table (MSLT). The MSLT merely consists of 12 candidate syndromes and its memory size is significantly smaller than other existing lookup tables. Computer software simulation results show that the decoding speed of the proposed MSDA is superior to other proposed TLDAs.

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14.

A Color LED Driver Implemented by the Active Clamp Forward Converter
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Chang, C. H.

; Cheng, H. L.

; Cheng, C. A.

; Chang, E. C.

Journal of applied research and technology

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Abr 2013, Volume 11 Nº 2 Páginas 283 - 291

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Because light emitting diodes (LEDs) have the advantages of dc working voltage, high luminescent efficiency, short ignition time, high reliability and pollution free, they have substituted for incandescent bulbs and fluorescent lamps gradually. In order to simplify circuit complexity, an active clamp forward converter with the sequential color display (SCD) control is proposed to drive red, green and blue (RGB) LED arrays. The proposed converter has zero-voltage switching (ZVS) operations of both the main switch and the auxiliary switch, resulting in high system efficiency. Driving RGB LED arrays sequentially by one converter can save components and reduce cost significantly. Additionally, the pulse-width modulation (PWM) control is applied to achieve a large chromaticity variation. The circuit operations are analyzed in detail and the circuit parameters are designed based on the practical considerations. Finally, an illustrative example is implemented to demonstrate the feasibility and validity of the proposed LED driver.

679 downloads

15.

A Positioning Scheme Combining Location Tracking with Vision Assisting for Wireless Sensor Networks
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Tsai, F.

; Chiou, Y.-S.

; Chang, H.

Journal of applied research and technology

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Abr 2013, Volume 11 Nº 2 Páginas 292 - 300

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

This paper presents the performance of an adaptive location-estimation technique combining Kalman filtering (KF) with vision assisting for wireless sensor networks. For improving the accuracy of a location estimator, a KF procedure is employed at a mobile terminal to filter variations of the location estimate. Furthermore, using a vision-assisted calibration technique, the proposed approach based on the normalized cross-correlation scheme is an accuracy enhancement procedure that effectively removes system errors causing uncertainty in real dynamic environments. Namely, according to the vision-assisted approach to extract the locations of the reference nodes as landmarks, a KF-based approach with the landmark information can calibrate the location estimation and reduce the corner effect of a location-estimation system. In terms of the location accuracy estimated from the proposed approach, the experimental results demonstrate that more than 60 percent of the location estimates have error distances less than 1.4 meters in a ZigBee positioning platform. As compared with the non-tracking algorithm and non-vision-assisted approach, the proposed algorithm can achieve reasonably good performance.

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