RESUMO Hoje, falar sobre transtorno do espectro autista (TEA) é falar sobre casos que ocorrem em um a cada 160 nascimentos em todo o mundo. Alguns deles conseguirão viver de forma independente quando crescerem, e outros terão menos autonomia e serão mais dependentes, necessitando do apoio de cuidadores ao longo da vida. Objetivo: Entendendo o gasto emocional que isso pode gerar nos pais, buscamos analisar o nível de estresse e as técnicas de enfrentamento em cuidadores de crianças com TEA no Chile, 2021. Métodos: Entrevistar uma amostra composta de 61 pais ou responsáveis de pessoas com TEA. Resultados: Isto nos permitiu obter, após a análise dos dados, uma correlação estatisticamente significativa (p=0,002) entre o nível de estresse e as estratégias de coping (resolução de problemas, autocrítica, expressão emocional, wishful thinking, apoio social, reestruturação cognitiva, evitação de problemas e retraimento social). Além disso, foram identificadas estratégias positivas que reduzem os níveis de estresse em pais ou cuidadores de crianças com TEA (resolução de problemas, reestruturação cognitiva, apoio social e expressão emocional). Conclusão: Além disso, esta investigação conseguiu responder a cada um dos objetivos enunciados, conseguindo determinar quais eram as características dos cuidadores e quais as suas principais dificuldades. Observar-se-á também que a maioria perdeu a possibilidade de trabalhar para se dedicar ao cuidado da pessoa diagnosticada. Hoje (TEA 16 mundo crescerem dependentes vida Objetivo Chile 2021 Métodos 6 Resultados obter dados p=0,002 p0002 p 0 002 (p=0,002 resolução autocrítica thinking cognitiva social. . social) disso emocional. emocional) Conclusão enunciados dificuldades Observarseá Observar á diagnosticada 1 202 p=0,00 p000 00 (p=0,00 20 p=0,0 p00 (p=0,0 2 p=0, p0 (p=0, p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

ABSTRACT Today, talking about autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is the same as talking about cases that occur in one in 160 births worldwide. Some of them will be able to live independently when they grow up while others will have less autonomy and will be more dependent, requiring the support of caregivers throughout their lives. Objective: Understanding the emotional burden that this could generate on parents, we sought to analyze the level of stress and coping techniques in caregivers of children with ASD in Chile, 2021. Methods: Interview with a sample composed of 61 parents or guardians of people with ASD. Results: After data analysis, it was possible to perform a statistically significant correlation (p=0.002) between the level of stress and the coping strategies (problem-solving, self-criticism, emotional expression, wishful thinking, social support, cognitive restructuring, problem avoidance, and social withdrawal). In addition, positive strategies that reduce stress levels in parents or caregivers of children with ASD were identified (problem resolution, cognitive restructuring, social support, and emotional expression). Conclusion: Through this research, it was possible to respond to each of the stated objectives, managing to determine what were the characteristics of caregivers and their main difficulties. It was also observed that the majority lost the possibility of working to dedicate themselves to the care of the diagnosed person. Today (ASD 16 worldwide dependent lives Objective Chile 2021 Methods 6 Results analysis p=0.002 p0002 p 0 002 (p=0.002 problemsolving, problemsolving solving, solving (problem-solving selfcriticism, selfcriticism self criticism, criticism self-criticism expression thinking restructuring avoidance withdrawal. withdrawal . withdrawal) addition resolution expression. expression) Conclusion research objectives difficulties person 1 202 p=0.00 p000 00 (p=0.00 20 p=0.0 p00 (p=0.0 2 p=0. p0 (p=0. p=0 (p=0 p= (p= (p

ABSTRACT Introduction: Currently, the reality of nursing professionals working in the health sector shows that quality of life in this field of work is changing rapidly due to the increased responsibilities inherent in the position, which can affect, positively or negatively, the quality of life of health professionals. Objective: To identify studies on quality of life carried out by nursing professionals working in different health areas. Methods: In this bibliographic review, the search engines of Lilacs-Bireme, SciELO, EBSCOhost and Web of Science were used to look up for the terms calidad de vida [quality of life], profesionales [professionals], trabajo [work], enfermera [nurse], enfermería [nursing]. The Boolean operators AND and OR were included. The consulted scientific journals were of indexed type, in the Spanish, English and Portuguese languages, from the period from 2016 to 2018. Fifteen articles were found that met the selection criteria. Conclusions: The "bad" professional quality of life was related to long working hours, lack of pecuniary acknowledgement for holiday and night shifts, poor social and interpersonal relationship. On the contrary, the "good" quality of life is mainly manifested in the satisfaction caused by exercising the profession, a fact linked to the well-being of the nursing professional.

RESUMEN Introducción: Actualmente, la realidad de los profesionales de enfermería que se desempeñan en el área de la salud demuestra que la calidad de vida en este campo de trabajo se encuentra cambiando vertiginosamente, debido al incremento de las responsabilidades inherentes al cargo que pueden afectar positiva o negativamente la calidad de vida de los profesionales de la salud. Objetivo: Identificar estudios sobre calidad de vida realizados por los profesionales de enfermería que se desempeñan en las diferentes áreas de salud. Métodos: En esta revisión bibliográfica se utilizaron los buscadores Lilacs-Bireme, SciELO, EBSCOhost y Web of Science para los términos: calidad de vida, profesionales, trabajo, enfermera, enfermería. Se incluyeron los booleanos AND y OR. Las revistas científicas consultadas fueron de tipo indexadas en idiomas español, inglés y portugués en el período comprendido entre los años 2016 y 2018. Se encontraron 15 artículos que cumplían con los criterios de selección. Conclusiones: La “mala” calidad de vida profesional estuvo relacionada con largas jornadas laborales, falta de reconocimiento salarial de los turnos en días festivos y nocturnos, mala relación social e interpersonal. En cambio, la “buena” calidad de vida se manifestó principalmente en la satisfacción que provoca ejercer la profesión, lo cual está vinculado con el bienestar del profesional de enfermería.

ABSTRACT Introduction: It is relevant to measure quality of life because of the close link between this entity, mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease on dialysis; therefore, it is necessary to know how patients are perceiving their health condition during renal replacement therapy. Objective: To understand the meaning of quality of life for an older person on haemodialysis and their primary caregiver. Method: Descriptive qualitative study with a phenome- nological approach, which was carried out by means of an in-depth interview with an elderly person undergoing haemodialysis treatment and the main career. Subsequently, a verbatim transcription of each of the previously recorded interviews was made. Results: The results were classified according to the following dimensions of quality of life: social, activities of daily living, health, health systems, material well-being; and an emerging category entitled pandemic was included according to the current epidemiological situation. The term quality of life for the research participants was described as “living healthy, disease-free lives”. Conclusion: Proper implementation of treatments and trained haemodialysis nurses would provide education, interventions, support and appropriate accompaniment, which is essential to address and promote biopsychosocial and spiritual well-being.

RESUMEN Introducción: La importancia de medir la calidad de vida radica en el estrecho vínculo que existe entre la misma, la mortalidad y la morbilidad en los pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en diálisis; por lo que es de suma importancia saber cómo están percibiendo su condición de salud durante el tratamiento de sustitución renal. Objetivo: Comprender el significado de calidad de vida para una persona mayor sometida a hemodiálisis y su cuidadora principal. Material y Método: Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo con enfoque fenomenológico, que se llevó a cabo por medio de la realización de entrevistas en profundidad dirigidas a una persona mayor sometida a tratamiento de hemodiálisis y a su cuidadora principal. Posteriormente, se efectuó transcripción textual de cada una de las entrevistas previamente grabadas. Resultados: Los resultados se clasificaron según dimensiones de calidad de vida, los cuales fueron: social, actividades de la vida diaria, salud, sistemas de salud, bienestar material y se agregó una categoría emergente llamada pandemia de acuerdo a la situación epidemiológica actual. El término calidad de vida para las participantes de la investigación, fue descrito como “vivir saludable, sin presencia de enfermedades”. Conclusión: La aplicación correcta de los tratamientos y contar con un personal de enfermería formado en hemodiálisis permitiría proporcionar educación, intervenciones, apoyo y un acompañamiento apropiado, lo que es fundamental, para abordar y favorecer el bienestar biopsicosocial y espiritual.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Pressure ulcers (PUs) drastically influence the hospital stay, causing discomfort and pain to patients. Objective: To determine the risk of developing PUs and jointly evaluate nutrition / diet and degree of independence in patients over 65 years of age. Method: Descriptive and cross-sectional design. Four hundred and forty-four patients with and without PUs, admitted to the Silvestre Adventist Hospital, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil between 2018 and 2019, were evaluated using the Braden Scale, the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form and the Prisma 7. Results: Regarding the Braden Scale, the group with the highest representation was the Moderate Risk of suffering Pus (37.6%). The group stratification of Prima 7 showed two main groups, the largest (51.8%) corresponding to positive Prism (> 3), followed by the negative Prism group (35.1%). According to the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short scale, 41.9% of hospitalized patients were at risk of malnutrition and 34% were malnourished. Conclusion: The study related PUs to a series of factors such as malnutrition, immobility and loss of independence. The Braden scale proved to be a good predictor of UPP. It was evidenced that PUs are a highly prevalent problem in the hospital, and that multidisciplinary support for the care and treatment of these injuries is essential.

RESUMEN Introducción: las úlceras por presión (UPP) influyen drásticamente en la estancia hospitalaria produciendo malestar y dolor a los pacientes. Objetivo: determinar el riesgo de desarrollar UPP y evaluar conjuntamente nutrición / alimentación y grado de independencia en pacientes mayores de 65 años. Método: diseño descriptivo y transversal. Se evaluó a 444 pacientes con y sin UPP mediante la Escala de Braden, el Mini Nutritional Assessment Short y Prisma 7, internados en el Hospital Adventista Silvestre, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, entre 2018 y 2019. Resultados: respecto de la Escala de Braden el grupo con mayor representación es el Riesgo Moderado de sufrir UPP (37,6%). La estratificación en grupo del Prima 7 muestra 2 grupos principales, el mayor (51,8%) que corresponde a Prisma positivo (>3), seguido por el grupo de Prisma negativo (35,1%). Según la escala Mini Nutritional Assessment Short 41,9% de los pacientes internados tiene riesgo de desnutrición y 34% se halla con desnutrición. Conclusión: el estudio relaciona las UPP con una serie factores como la malnutrición, la inmovilidad y pérdida de la independencia. La escala de Braden demostró ser un buen predictor de UPP. Se evidenció que las UPP son un problema con gran prevalencia en el hospital, que el acompañamiento multidisciplinar para el cuidado y tratamiento de estas lesiones es fundamental.