ABSTRACT This article discusses Popular Health Surveillance (PHS) as an emancipatory strategy for fighting and defending life against agribusiness in Chapada do Apodi, Ceará. This is an action research with representatives from academia, social movements, entities, community organizations and workers of the Unified Health System. A territorial workshop was carried out whose material produced was evaluated by content analysis aided by the Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRaMuTeQ) software. The workshop highlighted the need to strengthen the community struggle in the territory for life, involving the problem of pesticides and the role of women. Community organization allies itself with the work of popular movements, showing that associations are fundamental and strategic points in the articulations of communities for claiming rights, through productive backyards, for example. Indicators of PHS associated with the impacts of agribusiness were observed, such as the high mortality of bees. Faced with the expansion of agribusiness in the region, PHS can continue to be an important action in promoting healthier and more sustainable territories in Chapada do Apodi.

RESUMO Este artigo discute a Vigilância Popular em Saúde (VPS) como estratégia emancipatória de luta e defesa da vida ante o agronegócio na Chapada do Apodi, no Ceará. Trata-se de uma pesquisa-ação com representantes da academia, dos movimentos sociais, de entidades, organizações comunitárias e trabalhadores do Sistema Único de Saúde. Foi realizada uma oficina territorial cujo material produzido foi avaliado pela análise de conteúdo auxiliado pelo software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (IRaMuTeQ). A oficina destacou a necessidade de fortalecimento da luta comunitária no território pela vida, envolvendo o problema dos agrotóxicos e o papel das mulheres. A organização comunitária alia-se à atuação dos movimentos populares, evidenciando que as associações são pontos fundamentais e estratégicos nas articulações das comunidades para a reivindicação de direitos, por meio de quintais produtivos, por exemplo. Foram observados indicadores de VPS associados aos impactos do agronegócio, como a elevada mortandade de abelhas. Diante da expansão do agronegócio na região, a VPS pode continuar sendo uma importante ação na promoção de territórios mais saudáveis e sustentáveis na Chapada do Apodi.

Resumo Considerando a consecução de um modelo de desenvolvimento no campo brasileiro baseado na exploração dos bens naturais mediante expansão do agronegócio, o artigo busca compreender as ações de resistência dos movimentos socioterritoriais na defesa da agroecologia e contra o uso de agrotóxicos. Adotou-se como referencial teórico a perspectiva da ecologia política, contribuindo para evidenciar práticas e narrativas insurgentes e emancipatórias. As informações foram coletadas pelo banco de dados da Rede DATALUTA, as quais versam sobre as ações dos movimentos socioterritoriais veiculadas em portais de notícias entre os anos de 2020 e 2021. A partir da análise dessas notícias, evidenciou-se experiências que se articulam na luta contra os agrotóxicos e na resistência produtiva em defesa da agroecologia, por exemplo, fortalecendo a ecologia política da resistência no espaço rural brasileiro.

Abstract Considering the existence of a development model in the Brazilian countryside based on the exploitation of natural assets through the expansion of agribusiness, the article seeks to understand the resistance actions of socio-territorial movements in defense of agroecology and against the use of pesticides. The perspective of political ecology was adopted as a theoretical framework, contributing to highlight insurgent and emancipatory narratives. The information was collected by the DATALUTA Network database was adopted as an empirical reference, which deals with the actions of socio-territorial movements published in news portals between the years 2020 and 2021. From the analysis of these news, experiences were evidenced that are articulated in the fight against pesticides and in productive resistance in defense of agroecology, for example, strengthening the political ecology of resistance in the Brazilian countryside.

ABSTRACT Objective: The primary aim is to analyze the endoscopic endonasal surgical results in short-term and two-year follow-ups according to the 11th Acromegaly Consensus statement (2018). Indeed, prognostic factors and complications were analyzed. Subjects and methods: 40 patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery by acromegaly between 2013 to 2020 was analyzed. Patients were considered in remission if an upper limit of normal (ULN) IGF-1 was less than 1.0 at the six-month and two-year follow-ups. Moreover, we assessed the Knosp grade, tumor volumetry, ULN, T2 signal in MRI, reoperation, and complications. Results: The mean age of admission was 46.7 years. Thirty-two patients were in remission after six months of surgery (80%), decreasing to 76.32% at the two-year follow-up. All microadenomas presented remission (n = 6). Regarding the complications, three patients had permanent panhypopituitarism (7.5%); postoperative cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks did not occur in this series. The hyperintense signal on the T2 MRI and a higher tumor volumetry were the single predictor's factors of non-emission in a multivariate regression logistic analysis (p < 0.05). Preoperative hormone levels (GH and IGF-1) were not a prognostic factor for remission. The re-operated patients who presented hypersignal already had a high predictor of clinical-operative failure. Conclusion: The endoscopic endonasal surgery promotes high short-term and two-year remission rates in acromegaly; the tumor's volumetry and the T2 hypersignal were statistically significant prognostic factors in non-remission – the complications presented at similar rates in comparison to the literature. In invasive GH-secreting tumors, we should offer these patients a multi-disciplinary approach to improve acromegalic patients’ remission rates. Objective shortterm short term twoyear two year followups follow ups th 2018. 2018 . (2018) Indeed analyzed methods 4 201 202 ULN (ULN IGF1 IGF 1 IGF- 10 0 1. sixmonth month followups. ups. Moreover grade T reoperation Results 467 46 7 46. years Thirtytwo Thirty 80%, 80 80% , (80%) 7632 76 32 76.32 followup. followup up. up follow-up n 6. 6 6) 7.5% 75 5 (7.5%) CSF (CSF series predictors s nonemission non emission p 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) GH reoperated re operated clinicaloperative clinical operative failure Conclusion tumors nonremission literature GHsecreting secreting multidisciplinary multi disciplinary (2018 20 8 (80% 763 3 76.3 7.5 (7.5% 00 0.0 (201 2 (80 76. 7. (7.5 0. (20 (8 (7. (2 ( (7

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess miRNA-195 expression in the tumor tissues from a cohort of Brazilian female breast cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and evaluate its correlation with various clinicopathological markers. METHODS: Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to evaluate the miRNA-195 expression in tumor tissues from a cohort of female breast cancer patients undergoing NAC. This expression was then correlated with the occurrence of several distinct breast cancer molecular subtypes and other clinicopathological variables. RESULTS: A total of 55 patients were included in this study, 28 (50.9%) of whom were treated using NAC. Tumor miRNA-195 expression was suppressed in breast cancer patients, regardless of their exposure to systemic treatments, histological grade, size, nodal status, and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging. This was more pronounced in luminal and triple-negative patients, and patient’s response to NAC was correlated with an increase in miRNA-195 expression. CONCLUSION: miRNA-195 is downregulated in the tumor tissues of Brazilian breast cancer patients regardless of NAC exposure; this reinforces its role as a tumor suppressor and a potential biomarker for chemotherapy response.

RESUMO A partir da análise de diversas Constituições Federais brasileiras do período republicano, bem como do Estatuto do Índio, o artigo discute histórica e antropologicamente o conceito jurídico de terra indígena, bem como sua aplicabilidade e dificuldades geradas de sua não compreensão. O trabalho também analisa as repercussões sobre a demarcação de terras indígenas no Brasil após o julgamento da Petição nº 3.388 RR pelo STF, o qual quebra a tradição jurídica brasileira abandonando a teoria do indigenato em favor da teoria do fato indígena. Como consequência há a adoção do marco temporal para a determinação das terras de ocupação tradicional indígena. O texto perpassa ainda por questões de ordem política e administrativa que viabilizam ou inviabilizam a efetivação dos direitos territoriais indígenas no Brasil.

ABSTRACT From the analysis of several Brazilian Constitutions of the Republican period, and the Indian Statute, the article discusses the anthropological and the historical legal concept of indigenous land, as well as their applicability and difficulties caused by misunderstood. The paper also analyzes the effects on the indigenous lands demarcation in Brazil after the trial of Petition number 3388 RR by Supreme Court of Brazil, which breaks the Brazilian legal tradition abandoning indigenato theory for the theory of indigenous fact. As a result there is the adoption of the time frame for the determination of traditional indigenous occupation of the land. The text also look after the political and administrative questions that makes possible and impossible the realization of indigenous land rights in Brazil.

A partir de década de 1990 a pesquisa em história indígena tem crescido tanto numérica, quanto qualitativamente na academia brasileira. Nesse quadro, os conceitos de "etno-história" e "história indígena" têm sido utilizados, muitas vezes, de maneira imprecisa. Este artigo aborda a história do conceito de "etno-história" e seus principais desdobramentos. Além disso, discute o caráter interdisciplinar da pesquisa em história indígena e sua relevância social. Também são abordadas questões sobre a formação de recursos humanos para ensino e pesquisa em história indígena, ensino de história indígena em contexto de educação básica e a ética profissional do pesquisador em história indígena.

Since the 1990s, research into indigenous history has grown both quantitatively and qualitatively in Brazilian academia. Nevertheless the concepts of ethnohistory and indigenous history have been frequently used imprecisely. This article discusses the concept of ethnohistory and its development. Also, it discusses the interdisciplinary character of research into indigenous history and its social relevance. Questions are also raised about the training of human resources for teaching, the research into indigenous history, the teaching of it in the context of basic education and the professional ethics of the researcher.