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ABSTRACT The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others. publications problem uptodate up date classifications context exception (CTFB http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/, httpfaunajbrjgovbr http //fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ , jbrj gov br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/) 2015 Brazil 80 specialists 1 2024 133691 133 691 133,69 125138 125 138 125,13 82.3%, 823 82 3 (82.3% 102000 102 000 102,00 7.69%, 769 7 69 (7.69% 11000 11 11,00 . 3,567 3567 567 (3,56 2,292 2292 2 292 (2,29 1,833 1833 833 (1,83 1,447 1447 447 (1,44 1000 1,00 831 (83 628 (62 606 (60 520 (52 50 users science health biology law anthropology education others http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ faunajbrjgovbr //fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/ 201 8 202 13369 13 133,6 12513 12 125,1 82.3% (82.3 10200 10 00 102,0 7.69% 76 6 (7.69 1100 11,0 3,56 356 56 (3,5 2,29 229 29 (2,2 1,83 183 83 (1,8 1,44 144 44 (1,4 100 1,0 (8 62 (6 60 52 (5 5 http//fauna.jbrj.gov.br (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br 20 1336 133, 1251 125, 82.3 (82. 1020 0 102, 7.69 (7.6 110 11, 3,5 35 (3, 2,2 22 (2, 1,8 18 (1, 1,4 14 4 ( 82. (82 7.6 (7. 3, (3 2, (2 (1 7. (7

En los últimos quince años la inseguridad que soporta la sociedad costarricense, se ha agravado de manera vertiginosa, mientras la política criminal de los últimos gobiernos ha sido inconsistente e ineficaz. Algunos sostienen que el problema es más de percepción o de simple temor, aunque de julio de 2007 a julio de 2008, el 28% de los hogares del país, manifestaron haber sido víctimas de algún tipo de delito o agresión, mientras en 1997 ese porcentaje era del 15%, además el nivel de respuesta judicial a las víctimas de la delincuencia no supera el 10% y la impunidad ha crecido exageradamente. Las soluciones a nivel legislativo, policial, judicial y carcelario, son sencillas, pero tienen un gran obstáculo: la falta de voluntad de los dirigentes políticos.

Over the past fifteen years, the insecurity that supports Costa Rican society, has worsened dramatically, while the criminal policy of recent governments has been inconsistent and ineffective. Some mantain that the problem is of perception or simple fear, but from July 2007 to July 2008, 28% of of the homes of these country said that they had been victims of any crime or aggression, while in 1997 this percentage was of 15%. Also the judicial level of answer to the victims of delinquency does not superpasse 10% and impunity has grown excessively. The solutions at the legislative, police, judiciary and prisons levels are simple but they have a great obstacle: the lack of will of politician leaders.

El 21 de febrero del 2000, cuatro estudiantes de secundaria fallecieron y treinta y siete menores resultaron lesionados, en el hecho de tránsito acaecido en La Fortuna de Bagaces, Guanacaste. Desde la perspectiva victimológica: los graves traumas y los psicotraumas de los padres que sobrevivieron a sus hijos, así como del resto de los afectados y sus familias, fue de enormes proporciones, que aún persisten y afectan a esta comunidad. Todos ellos fueron víctimas de lo acontecido ese trágico día, pero además han sido revictimizados dos veces: en el proceso penal que tardó más de dos años y en la fase de ejecución de sentencia que se tramita todavía. Las consecuencias psicológicas de este hecho y su tratamiento jurisprudencial se exponen en este artículo.

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