Finos de carvão vegetal são coprodutos da carbonização da madeira, indesejados por diminuir o rendimento gravimétrico em carvão vegetal. São produzidos devido ao processo de carbonização, durante o armazenamento e transporte do carvão vegetal. A pelletização de finos aumenta a densidade energética, produzindo um combustível homogêneo e com menor teor de umidade, possibilitando a queima em equipamentos com alta eficiência energética, além de propriedades desejáveis em produtos energéticos como alto teor de carbono fixo e baixo teor de umidade. Este estudo avaliou o efeito do teor de umidade e do tempo de secagem na produção de black pellets a partir de finos de carvão vegetal ligados com amido de arroz (Oryza sativa) nas características físico-químicas e mecânicas. Os black pellets foram produzidos utilizando duas proporções de água (10 ou 20%) e tempo de secagem de 4 ou 6 horas. Os black pellets foram avaliados quanto à análise química imediata, composição elementar, teor de umidade, tamanho, densidade aparente, poder calorífico e densidade energética. A adição de água não afetou o teor de voláteis, cinzas e carbono fixo, enquanto o tratamento com adição de 20% de água e quatro horas de secagem apresentou maior teor de umidade (3,34%). A adição de água permitiu melhor condução de calor e disposição das partículas, produzindo pellets com durabilidade superior a 98%. A melhor disposição promovida pela adição de 20% de água também aumentou a densidade dos pellets, resultando em maior densidade energética. Os black pellets podem ser considerados uma boa alternativa para aquecimento residencial, com tratamento T3 (20% de umidade - 4h de secagem) apresentando elevada densidade energética e melhor desempenho em termos de propriedades desejáveis para utilização e comercialização de acordo com a norma EN 14961-6.

Charcoal fines are co-products of the wood carbonization process, unwanted because they reduce the gravimetric yield of the main product, charcoal. It can be produced due to the carbonization process, during the storage and transport of charcoal. Pelletizing charcoal fines increases the energy density of this material, producing a homogeneous fuel with lower moisture content, enabling burning in equipment with high energy efficiency, in addition to desirable properties in energy products such as high fixed carbon content and low moisture content. This study evaluated the effect of moisture content and drying time on the production of black pellets from charcoal fines bound with rice starch (Oryza sativa) on the physicochemical and mechanical characteristics. Black pellets were produced using two proportions of water (10 or 20%) and a drying time of 4 or 6 hours. Black pellets were evaluated for their proximate analysis, elemental composition, moisture content, size, apparent density, calorific value and energy density. The addition of water did not affect the content of volatile matter, ash, and fixed carbon, while the treatment with addition of 20% water and four hours of drying showed a higher moisture content (3.34%). The addition of water allowed for better heat conduction and particle arrangement, producing pellets with a durability greater than 98%. The better arrangement promoted by the addition of 20% water also increased the density of the pellets, resulting in greater energy density. Black pellets can be considered an alternative for residential heating, with T3 treatment (20% - 4h) with a high energy density and better performance in terms of desirable properties for use and commercialization according to the standard EN 14961-6.

Introduction Treatment of hemophilia A in Brazil is offered to all patients at no cost. However, several unmet medical needs exist. Method In this study, we applied the Delphi method to discuss with seven hemophilia A specialists the challenges that patients and the health system face regarding hemophilia A treatment and opportunities for improvement. Results A consensus was obtained regarding the number of weekly infusions and patient adherence to treatment. The bleeding profile, unfavourable pharmacokinetics (PKs), low adherence and high daily activity were patient profiles that would benefit from using the extended half-life (EHL) recombinant factor VIII (rFVIII). The advantages of treatment with the EHL rFVIII were the lower number of infusions per week, which could increase patient adherence and decrease the risk of bleeds, due to a more constant plasma level, a lower value. Additionally, the EHL rFVIII could improve quality of life, especially in patients with high daily activity, such as adolescents and young adults. The panelists mentioned that EHL rFVIII, if available, could be offered first to the priority group (adolescents between 12 and 19 years old), followed by adults (20 to 64 years old) and elderly people (over 65 years old). Conclusion In summary, the EHL rFVIII offers the optimal prophylaxis by decreasing the dose frequency, increasing the treatment adherence and improving the QoL, without compromising safety and efficacy. cost However exist study improvement profile PKs, PKs , (PKs) halflife half life (EHL rFVIII. . (rFVIII) week bleeds level value Additionally available 1 old, old 20 (2 6 over old. summary frequency QoL efficacy (PKs (rFVIII 2 (

ABSTRACT Charcoal fines are co-products of the wood carbonization process, unwanted because they reduce the gravimetric yield of the main product, charcoal. It can be produced due to the carbonization process, during the storage and transport of charcoal. Pelletizing charcoal fines increases the energy density of this material, producing a homogeneous fuel with lower moisture content, enabling burning in equipment with high energy efficiency, in addition to desirable properties in energy products such as high fixed carbon content and low moisture content. This study evaluated the effect of moisture content and drying time on the production of black pellets from charcoal fines bound with rice starch (Oryza sativa) on the physicochemical and mechanical characteristics. Black pellets were produced using two proportions of water (10 or 20%) and a drying time of 4 or 6 hours. Black pellets were evaluated for their proximate analysis, elemental composition, moisture content, size, apparent density, calorific value and energy density. The addition of water did not affect the content of volatile matter, ash, and fixed carbon, while the treatment with addition of 20% water and four hours of drying showed a higher moisture content (3.34%). The addition of water allowed for better heat conduction and particle arrangement, producing pellets with a durability greater than 98%. The better arrangement promoted by the addition of 20% water also increased the density of the pellets, resulting in greater energy density. Black pellets can be considered an alternative for residential heating, with T3 treatment (20% - 4h) with a high energy density and better performance in terms of desirable properties for use and commercialization according to the standard EN 14961-6. coproducts co process product material efficiency Oryza sativa characteristics 10 (1 20 analysis composition size matter ash 3.34%. 334 3.34% . 3 34 (3.34%) 98 98% heating T (20 4h h 149616. 149616 14961 6. 14961-6 1 ( 2 33 3.34 (3.34% 9 (2 1496 14961- 3.3 (3.34 149 3. (3.3 14 (3. (3

RESUMO Finos de carvão vegetal são coprodutos da carbonização da madeira, indesejados por diminuir o rendimento gravimétrico em carvão vegetal. São produzidos devido ao processo de carbonização, durante o armazenamento e transporte do carvão vegetal. A pelletização de finos aumenta a densidade energética, produzindo um combustível homogêneo e com menor teor de umidade, possibilitando a queima em equipamentos com alta eficiência energética, além de propriedades desejáveis em produtos energéticos como alto teor de carbono fixo e baixo teor de umidade. Este estudo avaliou o efeito do teor de umidade e do tempo de secagem na produção de black pellets a partir de finos de carvão vegetal ligados com amido de arroz (Oryza sativa) nas características físico-químicas e mecânicas. Os black pellets foram produzidos utilizando duas proporções de água (10 ou 20%) e tempo de secagem de 4 ou 6 horas. Os black pellets foram avaliados quanto à análise química imediata, composição elementar, teor de umidade, tamanho, densidade aparente, poder calorífico e densidade energética. A adição de água não afetou o teor de voláteis, cinzas e carbono fixo, enquanto o tratamento com adição de 20% de água e quatro horas de secagem apresentou maior teor de umidade (3,34%). A adição de água permitiu melhor condução de calor e disposição das partículas, produzindo pellets com durabilidade superior a 98%. A melhor disposição promovida pela adição de 20% de água também aumentou a densidade dos pellets, resultando em maior densidade energética. Os black pellets podem ser considerados uma boa alternativa para aquecimento residencial, com tratamento T3 (20% de umidade - 4h de secagem) apresentando elevada densidade energética e melhor desempenho em termos de propriedades desejáveis para utilização e comercialização de acordo com a norma EN 14961-6. madeira Oryza sativa físicoquímicas físico químicas mecânicas 10 (1 20 imediata elementar tamanho aparente voláteis 3,34%. 334 3,34% . 3 34 (3,34%) partículas 98 98% residencial T (20 h 149616. 149616 14961 6. 14961-6 1 ( 2 33 3,34 (3,34% 9 (2 1496 14961- 3,3 (3,34 149 3, (3,3 14 (3, (3

ABSTRACT Background: The use of X-rays non-destructive technique in color scale in 2D and 3D needs further studies to understand variations in the apparent density of wood stored under natural conditions. The objective of this study was to evaluate, by digital X-ray images and to test the rainbow scale in digital X-ray images in 2D and 3D, the apparent density of eucalyptus wood after storage in the field during 365 days. Trees of two diametric classes were randomly distributed at three heights in a pile in direct contact with the soil. The apparent density of the wood and its diametric profiles in the radial direction were determined using digital X-ray images in gray scale, and converted to a rainbow scale and the density variations plotted on a 3D surface. Results: The wood density decreased as the storage period increased. The density of the samples at 0 days of storage evaluated with the 3D images was homogeneous, while an intense attack by xylophagous organisms due to the exposure to the environmental conditions was observed in those collected at 365 days of storage. Conclusion: The rainbow scale color from X-ray images facilitated to visualize and to interpret the variation of apparent density distribution of the wood. Background Xrays X rays nondestructive non destructive D evaluate Xray ray 36 soil surface Results increased homogeneous Conclusion 3

ABSTRACT Introduction: Blood transfusion is one of the most common medical practices worldwide. However, current scientific literature has shown that the immunomodulatory effects of blood transfusion are associated with an increased likelihood of infection, prolonged hospitalization, and morbimortality. Also, it means high costs for healthcare systems. Methods: In this context, acknowledging that blood transfusions are essentially heterologous cell transplantations, the use of therapeutic options has gained strength and is collectively known as the patient blood management (PBM) program. PBM is an approach based on three main pillars: (1) treating anemias and coagulopathies in an optimized manner, especially in the preoperative period; (2) optimizing perioperative hemostasis and the use of blood recovery systems to avoid the loss of the patient's blood; (3) anemia tolerance, with improved oxygen delivery and reduced oxygen demand, particularly in the postoperative period. Results: Current scientific evidence supports the effectiveness of PBM by reducing the need for blood transfusions, decreasing associated complications, and promoting more efficient and safer blood management. Thus, PBM not only improves clinical outcomes for patients but also contributes to the economic sustainability of healthcare systems. Conclusion: The aim of this review was to summarize PBM strategies in a comprehensive, evidence-based approach through a systematic and structured model for PBM implementation in tertiary hospitals. The recommendations proposed herein are from researchers and experts of a high-complexity university hospital in the network of the Sistema Único de Saúde, presenting itself as a strategy that can be followed as a guideline for PBM implementation in other settings. Introduction worldwide However infection hospitalization morbimortality Also Methods context transplantations (PBM program pillars 1 (1 manner period 2 (2 s 3 (3 tolerance demand Results complications Thus Conclusion comprehensive evidencebased hospitals highcomplexity complexity Saúde settings (

Resumen Antecedentes: la fragilidad se caracteriza por la pérdida de reservas biológicas y la vulnerabilidad a resultados adversos. Una intervención con efectos beneficiosos sobre la prevención y el manejo de la fragilidad es la práctica regular de actividad física (AF). Objetivo: caracterizar los niveles de AF y tiempo sedente en personas mayores con fragilidad. Metodología: se incluyó a 232 personas mayores de 60 años de la región metropolitana, participantes en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud 2016-2017. La fragilidad se evaluó en base a los criterios de la escala de fenotipos de Fried y el nivel de AF y tiempo sedentario con el cuestionario Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2). Los niveles de AF según el fenotipo de fragilidad se determinaron con análisis de regresión lineal. Resultados y conclusiones: las personas mayores con fragilidad realizan menos AF total (β = -292,6 min/día [IC 95 %: 399,5; -185,7], p = 0,001), laboral (β = -5821,8 min/día [IC 95 %: 8680,8; -2962,8], p = 0,001), de transporte (β = -68,0 min/día [IC 95 %: -105,4; -30,62], p = 0,001). También se observó menor cantidad de AF moderada (β = -137,7 min/día [IC 95 %: -202,0; -73,5], p = 0,001); vigorosa (β = -43,4 min/día [IC 95 %: -81,6; -5,20], p = 0,026) y mayor tiempo sedente (β = 3,55 hora/día [IC 95 %: -1,97; 5,14 ], p = 0,001). Las personas mayores frágiles presentan niveles más bajos de AF en comparación con sus pares sin fragilidad. Considerando que la población chilena experimentará un aumento en el número de personas mayores, es imprescindible implementar medidas preventivas que permitan retrasar la aparición de la fragilidad, como fomentar la práctica de AF en todos sus niveles.

Abstract Background: fragility is characterized by loss of biological reserves and vulnerability to adverse outcomes. An intervention with beneficial effects on the prevention and management of frailty is the regular practice of physical activity (PA). Objective: to determine the association between levels of PA, sedentary time and frailty in older Chileans by sex. Methodology: 232 people over 60 years of age from the metropolitan region participating in the National Health Survey 2016-2017 were included. Frailty was assessed based on the Fried Phenotype Scale criteria and PA level and sedentary time with the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ v2). The association between levels of PA with the different states of frailty was investigated with linear regression analysis. Results and conclusion: elderly people with frailty have less total PA (β = -292.6 min/day [95 % CI: 399.5; -185.7], p = 0.001), occupational PA (β = -5821.8 min/day [95 % CI: 8680.8, -2962.8], p = 0.001), transportation (β = -68.0 min/day [95 % CI: -105.4, -30.62], p = 0.001). A lower amount of moderate AF was also found (β = -137.7 min/day [95 % CI: -202.0, -73.5], p = 0.001); vigorous (β = -43.4 min/day [95 % CI: -81.6; -5.20], p = 0.026) and longer time seated (β = 3.55 hours/day [95 % CI: - 1.97, 5.14], p = 0.001). Frail older people have lower PA levels compared to their peers without frailty. Considering that the Chilean population will experience an increase in the number of older people, it is essential to implement preventive measures to delay the onset of frailty, such as promoting the practice of PA at all levels

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar la asociación entre discapacidad visual, auditiva, mental/intelectual, física y discapacidad múltiple con condiciones y conductas de riesgo para la salud en Brasil. Métodos Estudio transversal utilizando datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 2019; se estimaron, mediante regresión logística, las asociaciones entre discapacidad con la presencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), hipertensión, diabetes, colesterol alto, consumo de alcohol y tabaquismo, obtención del odds ratio (OR). Resultados De los 90.846 participantes, el 7,6% refirió discapacidad. Tener una discapacidad se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de reportar enfermedades crónicas, especialmente ECV (OR = 2,11; IC95% 1,76;2,54) y diabetes (OR = 1,78; IC95% 1,56;2,02); la discapacidad visual se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de fumar (OR = 1,52; IC95% 1,28;1,81); la discapacidad mental/intelectual mostró una relación inversa con el tabaquismo (OR = 0,45; IC95% 0,30;0,67) y el consumo de alcohol (OR = 0,13; IC95% 0,06;0,26). Conclusión Se observó que tener alguna de las discapacidades estudiadas puede estar asociado con mayores posibilidades de tener condiciones crónicas de salud.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze association of visual, hearing, mental/intellectual, physical and multiple impairments with health conditions and health risk behaviors in Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, using data from the 2019 National Health Survey; associations between impairments and presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), high cholesterol, alcohol abuse and smoking were estimated using logistic regression, thus obtaining the odds ratios (OR). Results Impairment was reported by 7.6% of the 90,846 participants. Having a impairment was associated with greater odds of reporting chronic conditions, especially CVD (OR = 2.11; 95%CI 1.76;2.54) and DM (OR = 1.78; 95%CI 1.56;2.02 ); visual impairment was associated with greater odds of smoking (OR = 1.52; 95%CI 1.28;1.81); mental/intellectual impairment was inversely related to smoking (OR = 0.45; 95%CI 0.30;0.67) and alcohol abuse (OR = 0.13; 95%CI 0.06;0.26). Conclusion Having any of the impairments studied may be associated with greater odds of having chronic health conditions.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a associação de deficiências visual, auditiva, mental/intelectual, física e deficiência múltipla com as condições e comportamentos de risco à saúde no Brasil. Métodos Estudo transversal, utilizando-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019; associações entre deficiências e presença de doença cardiovascular (DCV), hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus (DM), colesterol alto, consumo abusivo de álcool e tabagismo foram estimados por regressão logística, obtendo-se a razão de chances (RC). Resultados Dos 90.846 participantes, 7,6% reportaram deficiência. Ter deficiência associou-se a maiores chances de relatar condições crônicas, especialmente DCV (RC = 2,11; IC95% 1,76;2,54) e DM (RC = 1,78; IC95% 1,56;2,02); deficiência visual associou-se a maior chance de tabagismo (RC = 1,52; IC95% 1,28;1,81); deficiência mental/intelectual apresentou relação inversa com tabagismo (RC = 0,45; IC95% 0,30;0,67) e consumo abusivo de álcool (RC = 0,13; IC95% 0,06;0,26). Conclusão Apresentar alguma das deficiências estudadas pode-se associar a maiores chances de ter condições crônicas de saúde.

ABSTRACT Background: The wood heat treatment results in the partial degradation of its chemical constituents, mainly cellulose and hemicellulose, reducing the hygroscopicity of the material. This process improves the dimensional stability and resistance to biodeterioration and worsens the mechanical resistance. This work aimed to evaluate the effect of heat treatment on the physical, anatomical, chemical, and mechanical properties of Fraxinus excelsior wood. In untreated and heat-treated wood, the pH, buffering capacity, basic density, equilibrium moisture content, shrinkage, wood anatomy, thermogravimetric behavior, and chemistry by conventional and FTIR methods were determined. Results: Heat treated wood had lower pH (5.50), equilibrium moisture content (6.26%), shrinkage (7,29%), holocellulose contents (55,96%) and higher buffering capacity (0,479 mmol/L), extractives (8,25%), and lignin contents (35,78%). Heat treatment reduced the pH and increased the buffering capacity of the wood, reduced the holocellulose content, and increased the lignin content, leaving the wood less hygroscopic and reducing its volumetric and linear variation. The process did not change the basic density and fiber length, but it reduced their width, lumen diameter, and wall thickness. The FTIR analysis confirmed the degradation of holocellulose and division of aliphatic side chains in lignin. The maximum dredging range of untreated and heat-treated wood occurred at 350 ºC, and the heat-treated wood had a higher residual mass when subjected to 500 ºC. Conclusion: Heat-treated wood can be indicated for products used in external environments, such as floors, fences, coatings, door and window structures. Background constituents hemicellulose material physical anatomical heattreated anatomy behavior determined Results 5.50, 550 5.50 , 5 50 (5.50) 6.26%, 626 6.26% 6 26 (6.26%) 7,29%, 729 7,29% 7 29 (7,29%) 55,96% 5596 55 96 (55,96% 0,479 0479 0 479 (0,47 mmol/L, mmolL mmol/L mmol L mmol/L) 8,25%, 825 8,25% 8 25 (8,25%) 35,78%. 3578 35,78% . 35 78 (35,78%) variation length width diameter thickness ºC Conclusion Heattreated environments floors fences coatings structures 5.5 (5.50 62 6.26 2 (6.26% 72 7,29 (7,29% 55,96 559 9 (55,96 0,47 047 47 (0,4 82 8,25 (8,25% 357 35,78 3 (35,78% 5. (5.5 6.2 (6.26 7,2 (7,29 55,9 (55,9 0,4 04 4 (0, 8,2 (8,25 35,7 (35,78 (5. 6. (6.2 7, (7,2 55, (55, 0, (0 8, (8,2 35, (35,7 (5 (6. (7, (55 ( (8, (35, (6 (7 (8 (35 (3

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar la asociación entre discapacidad visual, auditiva, mental/intelectual, física y discapacidad múltiple con condiciones y conductas de riesgo para la salud en Brasil. Métodos Estudio transversal utilizando datos de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud de 2019; se estimaron, mediante regresión logística, las asociaciones entre discapacidad con la presencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV), hipertensión, diabetes, colesterol alto, consumo de alcohol y tabaquismo, obtención del odds ratio (OR). Resultados De los 90.846 participantes, el 7,6% refirió discapacidad. Tener una discapacidad se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de reportar enfermedades crónicas, especialmente ECV (OR = 2,11; IC95% 1,76;2,54) y diabetes (OR = 1,78; IC95% 1,56;2,02); la discapacidad visual se asoció con una mayor probabilidad de fumar (OR = 1,52; IC95% 1,28;1,81); la discapacidad mental/intelectual mostró una relación inversa con el tabaquismo (OR = 0,45; IC95% 0,30;0,67) y el consumo de alcohol (OR = 0,13; IC95% 0,06;0,26). Conclusión Se observó que tener alguna de las discapacidades estudiadas puede estar asociado con mayores posibilidades de tener condiciones crónicas de salud.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar a associação de deficiências visual, auditiva, mental/intelectual, física e deficiência múltipla com as condições e comportamentos de risco à saúde no Brasil. Métodos Estudo transversal, utilizando-se dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde de 2019; associações entre deficiências e presença de doença cardiovascular (DCV), hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus (DM), colesterol alto, consumo abusivo de álcool e tabagismo foram estimados por regressão logística, obtendo-se a razão de chances (RC). Resultados Dos 90.846 participantes, 7,6% reportaram deficiência. Ter deficiência associou-se a maiores chances de relatar condições crônicas, especialmente DCV (RC = 2,11; IC95% 1,76;2,54) e DM (RC = 1,78; IC95% 1,56;2,02); deficiência visual associou-se a maior chance de tabagismo (RC = 1,52; IC95% 1,28;1,81); deficiência mental/intelectual apresentou relação inversa com tabagismo (RC = 0,45; IC95% 0,30;0,67) e consumo abusivo de álcool (RC = 0,13; IC95% 0,06;0,26). Conclusão Apresentar alguma das deficiências estudadas pode-se associar a maiores chances de ter condições crônicas de saúde.

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze association of visual, hearing, mental/intellectual, physical and multiple impairments with health conditions and health risk behaviors in Brazil. Methods This was a cross-sectional study, using data from the 2019 National Health Survey; associations between impairments and presence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), high cholesterol, alcohol abuse and smoking were estimated using logistic regression, thus obtaining the odds ratios (OR). Results Impairment was reported by 7.6% of the 90,846 participants. Having a impairment was associated with greater odds of reporting chronic conditions, especially CVD (OR = 2.11; 95%CI 1.76;2.54) and DM (OR = 1.78; 95%CI 1.56;2.02 ); visual impairment was associated with greater odds of smoking (OR = 1.52; 95%CI 1.28;1.81); mental/intellectual impairment was inversely related to smoking (OR = 0.45; 95%CI 0.30;0.67) and alcohol abuse (OR = 0.13; 95%CI 0.06;0.26). Conclusion Having any of the impairments studied may be associated with greater odds of having chronic health conditions.

RESUMO. Primeiro registro de um ninho de Ceratina (Ceratinula) fioreseana Oliveira (Hymenoptera: Apidae). É fornecido o primeiro registro de um ninho de Ceratina (Ceratinula) fioreseana Oliveira, 2020, uma espécie que foi recentemente descrita para o domínio do Cerrado. O ninho foi coletado em um cultivo de Passiflora edulis Sims (Passifloraceae) no estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil e foi construído em um ninho-armadilha, um pecíolo seco de Cecropia pachystachya Trécul (Urticaceae). Dentro do ninho havia uma fêmea e uma célula de cria sem partição contendo uma pupa, a qual a fêmea adulta emergiu 28 dias após pupação. A análise polínica revelou a dominância de grãos de pólen de Emilia fosbergii Nicolson (Asteraceae), uma espécie ruderal observada a poucos metros do ninho. O registro de uma fêmea adulta dentro do ninho juntamente com uma pupa e a ausência de partição na célula de cria podem sugerir comportamento social nesta espécie de abelha.

ABSTRACT. We provide herein the first report of a nest of Ceratina (Ceratinula) fioreseana Oliveira, 2020, a species that was recently described for the Cerrado domain. The nest was collected in a Passiflora edulis Sims (Passifloraceae) plantation in Minas Gerais State, Brazil and was built in a trap nest, a dry petiole of Cecropia pachystachya Trécul (Urticaceae). Within the nest there was a living female and a brood cell without partition containing a pupa, whose adult female emerged 28 days after pupation. Pollen analysis revealed the dominance of Emilia fosbergii Nicolson (Asteraceae) pollen grains, a weed recorded a few meters from the nest. The record of an adult female within the nest with a pupa and the absence of nest partition might suggest social behavior in this bee species.

Abstract Until recently, no native mushroom was considered food in the Cerrado biome, while there are records of the occurrence of about 638 species of fungi so far, many of which have numerous undefined potentials, with the potential for food among them. Our work presents the nutritional aspects of two mushroom species found in an agroforestry system in the Cerrado (Auricularia nigricans and Schizophyllum commune), and a morphological identification key for the edible mushroom species highlighted in this study. The nutritional composition analysis revealed a moisture content of 65 and 41%, proteins of 7 and 10%, ether extract (fat) of 1.3 and 1.5% and fiber of 2 and 2.2% for A. nigricans and S. common, respectively. In this work we highlight the nutritional potential of two species of edible mushrooms, A. nigricans and S. commune. These mushrooms show similar nutritional characteristics to those of commercially produced exotic mushrooms, being rich in proteins and minerals. These data, added to other reports of this nature recently presented, reinforce the importance of knowledge of local biodiversity and native mushrooms as a food source.

Abstract Background Endogenous phospholipases A2 (PLA2) play a fundamental role in inflammation, neurodegenerative diseases, apoptosis and cellular senescence. Neurotoxins with PLA2 activity are found in snake venoms from the Elapidae and Viperidae families. The mechanism of action of these neurotoxins have been studied using hippocampal and cerebellar neuronal cultures showing [Ca2+]i increase, mitochondrial depolarization and cell death. Astrocytes are rarely used as a model, despite being modulators at the synapses and responsible for homeostasis and defense in the central nervous system. Preserving the cell division ability, they can be utilized to study the cell proliferation process. In the present work cultured astrocytes and glioblastoma cells were employed to characterize the action of β-micrustoxin (previously named Mlx-9), a PLA2 isolated from Micrurus lemniscatus snake venom. The β-micrustoxin structure was determined and the cell proliferation, cell cycle phases and the regulatory proteins p53, p21 and p27 were investigated. Methods β-micrustoxin was characterized biochemically by a proteomic approach. Astrocytes were obtained by dissociation of pineal glands from Wistar rats; glioblastoma tumor cells were purchased from ATCC and Sigma and cultured in DMEM medium. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay; cell proliferation and cell cycle phases were analyzed by flow cytometry; p53, p21 and p27 proteins were studied by western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Results Proteomic analysis revealed fragments on β-micrustoxin that aligned with a PLA2 from Micrurus lemniscatus lemniscatus previously identified as transcript ID DN112835_C3_g9_i1/m.9019. β-micrustoxin impaired the viability of astrocytes and glioblastoma tumor cells. There was a reduction in cell proliferation, an increase in G2/M phase and activation of p53, p21 and p27 proteins in astrocytes. Conclusion These findings indicate that β-micrustoxin from Micrurus lemniscatus venom could inhibit cell proliferation through p53, p21 and p27 activation thus imposing cell cycle arrest at the checkpoint G2/M.

RESUMO O presente trabalho trata de uma avaliação das legislações urbanísticas dos municípios paulistas de São Carlos (251.983 habitantes), Ribeirão Preto (703.293 habitantes) e Campinas (1.204.073 habitantes) com o intuito de: 1. Identificar a existência de políticas de incentivo à sustentabilidade urbana e 2. Compreender se as diferentes escalas territoriais e populacionais, desses municípios, influenciam na execução de políticas de sustentabilidade. Foi realizado levantamento bibliográfico de pesquisas acadêmicas para conhecer as discussões existentes sobre o tema, e, através da consulta aos Planos Diretores e suas legislações complementares, foram analisadas as possibilidades de construção de políticas de incentivo a edificações sustentáveis, tais como: utilização dos parâmetros de controle urbanístico e/ou da aplicação dos institutos Jurídicos e Políticos ou Tributários e Financeiros do Estatuto da Cidade, como a Outorga Onerosa do Direito de Construir e IPTU Verde, entre outras. Para os municípios avaliados, apesar de existir algumas legislações urbanísticas de incentivo a sustentabilidade, observou-se que há muito a avançar, neste sentido.

ABSTRACT The present study deals with an evaluation of the urbanistic legislation of the São Paulo municipalities of São Carlos (251,983 inhabitants), Ribeirão Preto (703,293 inhabitants) and Campinas (1,204,073 inhabitants) in order to: 1. Identify the existence of any incentive policy for urban sustainability and 2. Understand whether the different territorial and population scales of these municipalities influence the implementation of sustainability policies. A bibliographic survey of academic research was carried out to learn about the existing discussions on the subject and possibilities of building policies to encourage sustainable buildings were analyzed by consulting the Master Plans and their complementary legislation, such as: use of urban control parameters and / or the application of the Legal and Political or Tax and Financial institutes of the City Statute, such as the Onerous Grant of the Right to Build, Green Property Tax, among others. Despite the existence of some urban legislation to encourage sustainability, it was observed that there is much to be done in this direction for the municipalities evaluated.

Measures adopted to face the pandemic caused by the new coronavirus imposed changes in the routine and habits of a large part of the population. Most education institutions were closed, impacting the students and teachers in the world and highlighting the educational context. Based on the above, the present study aimed to reflect on the importance of socioemotional competences for the teacher’s role in the face of the pandemic. Based on a narrative review of the literature, we considered that the implementation of strategies based on socioemotional competences at this time can provide subsidies for coping with the effects of the pandemic in the school context, since they can assist teachers and students in conflict resolution and in overcoming challenges. They can also contribute to the development of innovative proposals, based on an empathetic and supportive attitude towards all the subjects involved.

Las medidas adoptadas para enfrentar la pandemia causada por el coronavirus impusieron cambios en la rutina y los hábitos de gran parte de la población. La mayoría de las instituciones de educación básica hasta la educación superior fueron cerradas, impactando estudiantes y maestros en el mundo y destacando el contexto educativo. Con base en lo anterior, el presente estudio tuvo como objetivo reflexionar sobre la importancia de las habilidades socioemocionales para el ejercicio profesional de los docentes frente a la pandemia. Basado en una revisión narrativa de la literatura, se considera que la implementación de estrategias dirigidas a las competencias socioemocionales en este momento puede proporcionar subsidios para hacer frente a los efectos de la pandemia en el contexto escolar, ya que pueden ayudar a maestros y estudiantes en la resolución de conflictos y en a superar los desafíos. También puede contribuir al desarrollo de propuestas innovadoras, basadas en una actitud empática y de apoyo hacia todos los involucrados.

Medidas adotadas para o enfrentamento da pandemia causada pelo novo coronavírus impuseram mudanças na rotina e nos hábitos de grande parte da população. Instituições de ensino básico até o ensino superior, em sua maioria, foram fechadas, trazendo impactos para estudantes e professores no mundo e colocando em evidência o contexto educacional. Com base no exposto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo refletir sobre a importância das competências socioemocionais para o exercício profissional de professores diante da pandemia. A partir de revisão narrativa da literatura, considera-se que a implementação de estratégias voltadas às competências socioemocionais neste momento pode fornecer subsídios para o enfrentamento dos efeitos da pandemia no contexto escolar, uma vez que podem auxiliar professores e alunos na resolução de conflitos e na superação de desafios. Também pode contribuir para o desenvolvimento de propostas inovadoras, a partir de uma postura empática e solidária em relação a todos os sujeitos envolvidos.nbsp;

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a validade de constructo e a consistência interna da versão brasileira da Leisure Attitude Measurement para a pessoa idosa. Método: Estudo metodológico, de abordagem quantitativa. Os dados foram coletados durante três meses, por meio de visitas domiciliares, em amostra aleatória e representativa de 384 idosos. A consistência interna foi medida pelo coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. A validade de constructo foi avaliada pela análise fatorial exploratória. A extração dos fatores foi realizada por componentes principais, segundo o critério de Kaiser, com rotação pela solução Varimax. Resultados: Os participantes tinham em média 70,9 anos e eram, na maioria, mulheres, casados, residentes com familiares, com um a quatro anos de estudo e renda de até um salário mínimo. O modelo final do instrumento conservou três fatores, sob o critério da parcimônia, explicando 50% da variância dos dados, com 27 itens totais, distribuídos nos domínios cognitivo, afetivo e comportamental e com coeficiente alfa de Cronbach global de 0,89. Conclusão: O modelo estrutural proposto mostrou validade de constructo e consistência interna adequada e explicou 50% da variabilidade dos dados. Sua aplicação permitirá conhecer a realidade social e incentivar atitude positiva e engajamento de idosos no lazer.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the construct validity and internal consistency of the Brazilian version of Leisure Attitude Measurement for the elderly. Method: Methodological study with a quantitative approach. The data were collected for three months through domiciliary visits to a random and representative sample of 384 elders. The internal consistency was measured through Cronbach alpha coefficient. Construct validity was evaluated through exploratory factor analysis. Factor extraction was conducted per principal components, following the Kaiser criterion, with rotation through Varimax solution. Results: The participants’ mean age was 70,9 and they were mostly women, married, living with relatives, with one to four years of education, and with an income of up to one minimum wage. The final model of the instrument has conserved three factors, under the parsimony criterion, explaining 50% of data variance, with a total of 27 items distributed across the cognitive, affective, and behavioral domains, with an overall Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0.89. Conclusion: The proposed structural model has shown construct validity and an appropriate internal consistency, explaining 50% of data variability. Its application can promote the understanding of social reality and encourage a positive attitude and elderly engagement in leisure activities.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Evaluar la validez de constructo y la consistencia interna de la versión brasileña de la Leisure Attitude Measurement para los ancianos. Método: Estudio metodológico con enfoque cuantitativo. Los datos se recogieron durante tres meses, mediante visitas a domicilio, en una muestra aleatoria y representativa de 384 ancianos. La consistencia interna se midió mediante el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. La validez de constructo se evaluó mediante el análisis factorial exploratorio. La extracción de factores se realizó por componentes principales, según el criterio de Kaiser, con rotación por solución Varimax. Resultados: Los participantes tenían una media de edad de 70,9 años y en su mayoría eran mujeres, casados, vivían con familiares, con entre uno y cuatro años de escolaridad e ingresos de hasta un salario mínimo. El modelo final del instrumento retuvo tres factores, bajo el criterio de parsimonia, explicando el 50% de la varianza de los datos, con un total de 27 ítems, distribuidos en los dominios cognitivo, afectivo y comportamental y con un coeficiente alfa de Cronbach global de 0,89. Conclusión: El modelo estructural propuesto mostró validez de constructo y consistencia interna adecuada y explicó el 50% de la variabilidad de los datos. Su aplicación permitirá conocer la realidad social y fomentar la actitud positiva y la participación de los ancianos en el ocio.