Abstract Objective To conduct a systematic review of external validation studies on the use of different Artificial Intelligence algorithms in breast cancer screening with mammography. Data source Our systematic review was conducted and reported following the PRISMA statement, using the PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases with the search terms “Artificial Intelligence,” “Mammography,” and their respective MeSH terms. We filtered publications from the past ten years (2014 – 2024) and in English. Study selection A total of 1,878 articles were found in the databases used in the research. After removing duplicates (373) and excluding those that did not address our PICO question (1,475), 30 studies were included in this work. Data collection The data from the studies were collected independently by five authors, and it was subsequently synthesized based on sample data, location, year, and their main results in terms of AUC, sensitivity, and specificity. Data synthesis It was demonstrated that the Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) and sensitivity were similar to those of radiologists when using independent Artificial Intelligence. When used in conjunction with radiologists, statistically higher accuracy in mammogram evaluation was reported compared to the assessment by radiologists alone. Conclusion AI algorithms have emerged as a means to complement and enhance the performance and accuracy of radiologists. They also assist less experienced professionals in detecting possible lesions. Furthermore, this tool can be used to complement and improve the analyses conducted by medical professionals. mammography statement PubMed EMBASE Intelligence, Mammography, Mammography “Mammography, 2014 (201 2024 English 1878 1 878 1,87 research 373 (373 1,475, 1475 1,475 , 475 (1,475) 3 work authors location year AUC specificity (AUC alone lesions Furthermore “Mammography 201 (20 202 187 87 1,8 37 (37 147 1,47 47 (1,475 20 (2 18 8 1, (3 14 1,4 4 (1,47 2 ( (1,4 (1, (1

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors for complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed patients who underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy from June 2011 to October 2018. The association of preoperative and intraoperative factors with the presence of complications was assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. The significance level was set at p<0.05. RESULTS: A total of 1,066 surgeries were evaluated, and the overall complication rate was 14.9%. In all, 105 (9.8%) surgeries were performed in the prone position, and 961 (90.2%) were performed in the supine position. Univariate analysis demonstrated that surgical position, upper pole puncture, surgical time, number of tracts, and Guys Stone Score were associated with complications. In multivariate analyses, prone position (odds ratio [OR] 2.10; p=0.003), surgical time ≥90 min (OR 1.76; p=0.014), upper pole puncture (OR 2.48; p<0.001), and Guys Stone Score 3 or 4 (OR 1.90; p=0.033) were independent predictive factors for complications after percutaneous nephrolithotomy. CONCLUSION: Performing percutaneous nephrolithotomy in the supine position, in under 90 min, and avoiding upper pole punctures may reduce complications during the treatment of large kidney stones. OBJECTIVE METHODS 201 2018 analyses p005 p 0 05 p<0.05 RESULTS 1066 1 066 1,06 evaluated 149 14 9 14.9% all 10 9.8% 98 8 (9.8% 96 90.2% 902 2 (90.2% tracts odds OR [OR 2.10 210 p=0.003, p0003 p=0.003 , 003 p=0.003) ≥9 1.76 176 76 p=0.014, p0014 p=0.014 014 p=0.014) 2.48 248 48 p<0.001, p0001 p<0.001 001 p<0.001) 1.90 190 p=0.033 p0033 033 CONCLUSION stones 20 p00 p<0.0 106 06 1,0 14.9 9.8 (9.8 90.2 (90.2 2.1 21 p000 p=0.00 00 ≥ 1.7 17 7 p001 p=0.01 01 2.4 24 p<0.00 1.9 19 p=0.03 p003 03 p0 p<0. 1, 14. 9. (9. 90. (90. 2. p=0.0 1. p<0 (9 (90 p=0. p< ( p=0 p=

RESUMO Neste trabalho, problematizo o conceito de categoria gramatical, particularmente gênero, apontando suas limitações como categoria discreta das línguas, a partir de cosmovisões diversas, a fim de redimensionar sua pretensa universalidade. As categorias gramaticais conhecidas no mundo ocidentalizado são constituídas ontologicamente, perpetrando-se como pressuposto na análise linguística desde então. Sua estrutura baseada em um Ser ocidental não é questionada em toda a sua existência, domesticando a descrição das diversas línguas. Entretanto, a partir de estudos linguísticos tipológicos e antropológicos que levaram em consideração epistemologias e cosmogonias diversas, foi possível verificar uma discrepância entre a categoria linguística gênero em diferentes línguas. Essa imposição categorial na análise linguística mostra-se ainda mais violenta quando vista através das lentes decoloniais, que nos permitem delinear não apenas uma epistemologia racista e sexista nos contornos da gramática/linguística ocidental, mas também ao confrontarmos um modelo ontológico às diversas cosmovisões. Dessa forma, ofereço uma reflexão do conceito de gênero gramatical como categoria, a partir da descentralização do conhecimento e de uma topologia linguística do ser, visando o cotejo do conceito convencional de gênero, caro à tradição gramatical, e suas representações em algumas línguas não indo-europeias, destacando seu apagamento na formulação do conceito de universalidade gramatical.

ABSTRACT In this paper I discuss the concept of grammatical category, particularly gender, pointing out its limitations as a descriptive category of languages, from distinct worldviews, to resize its alleged universality. Grammatical categories known in the Western world are ontological constructions, which carries themselves out as presuppositions in the linguistic analysis since. Their structure based on a Western Being is not doubted in their whole existence, taming the description of several languages. However, from typological and anthropological linguistic studies which considered diverse epistemologies and cosmogonies, it was possible to verify discrepancies on gender as a linguistic category among different languages and cultures. This categorial imposition in the linguistic analysis turned up more violent when seen through decolonial lenses, which allowed us to outline not only a racist and sexist epistemology on the Western grammatical/linguistic contours, but also on confronting an ontological model to diverse worldviews. Thus, I offer some thoughts on the concept of grammatical gender as a category, from the decentralization of knowledge and from a linguistic topology of the being, aiming at comparing the conventional concept of gender, dear to the grammar tradition, and its correspondent in some non-Indo-European languages, highlighting its erasure in formulating the concept of grammatical universality.

RESUMO A leptospirose é uma zoonose transmitida pelo contato com urina infectada ou água contaminada com o agente. Estudos de Leptospira spp. em répteis são escassos, apesar da maioria das espécies terem contato com ambientes aquáticos. Avaliamos a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira spp. em Podocnemis expansa mantidas no Jardim Zoobotânico da Amazônia, em Belém, Pará, Brasil. Analisamos 74 amostras de soro por meio do teste de aglutinação microscópica usando 31 antígenos vivos de diferentes sorogrupos de Leptospira spp. Trinta amostras (40,5%) foram reagentes contra Leptospira spp., com titulações entre 100 e 3.200 para um ou mais sorogrupos. O sorogrupo Hebdomadis foi o mais prevalente, com 26 (87%) das 30 amostras positivas, seguido por Djasiman, com duas (7%) e Celledoni e Bataviae com uma (3%) amostra cada. A detecção de aglutininas anti-Leptospira spp. em P. expansa sugere que o ambiente aquático é uma via de transmissão para esse patógeno entre quelônios.

ABSTRACT Leptospirosis is a zoonosis transmitted by contact with infected urine or water contaminated with the agent. Searches for Leptospira spp. in reptiles are scarce although most species have contact with aquatic environments. We evaluated the presence of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies in Podocnemis expansa housed at the Amazonian Zoobotanical Garden, in Belém, Pará state, Brazil. We analyzed 74 serum samples through the microscopic agglutination test using 31 live antigens from different Leptospira spp. serogroups. Thirty samples (40.5%) were positive against Leptospira spp., with titrations between 100 and 3,200 for one or more serogroups. The Hebdomadis serogroup was the most prevalent, with 26 (87%) out of the 30 positive samples, followed by Djasiman, with two (7%) and Celledoni and Bataviae with one (3%) sample each. The detection of anti-Leptospira spp. agglutinins in P. expansa suggests that the aquatic environment is a transmission route for this pathogen among chelonians.

Abstract Purpose To synthesize and characterize poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and norbixin membranes to evaluate them for genotoxicity in rats and wound healing in mice by histological staining. Methods For the evaluation of genotoxicity, male rats ( Rattus novegicus ) were divided into three groups (n= 5): 5% PHB/Norbixin membrane introduced into the peritoneum by laparotomy; B – negative control; C – positive control (intraperitoneal dose of cyclophosphamide 50 mg/kg). For the evaluation of biocompatibilty, a cutaneous wound was induced on the back of males mice ( Mus musculus ) divided into two experimental treatment groups: control and membrane that underwent euthanasia after 7 and 14 days treatment. Statistical analysis ware made by One Way Anova post hoc Tukey Test (p<0.05). Results Regarding the incidence of polychromatic erythrocytes, there was no difference between negative control and 5% PHB/Norbixin membrane; however, when compared to the positive control represented by cyclophosphamide, there was a significant difference (p <0.001). As for DNA damage, the changes induced in the first 4h were repaired in 24h. In addition, the membrane was effective in abbreviating the inflammatory process and served as a scaffold due to the stimulus to reepithelialization mainly on the 7 days of treatment. Conclusion The non-genotoxic PHB/Norbixin 5% membrane presented promising results that suggest its effectiveness as a guide for tissue regeneration given its biocompatibility.

Abstract This paper aims to discuss the function of grammatical gender in natural languages. From a review of classical works on the origin of gender in Indo-European languages and the nominal aspect partition proposed by Rijkhoff (1991), it is assumed that the marking of grammatical gender determines differences of perspectivization in nouns, based on the hypothesis that gender and number marking are two sides of the same aspectual feature SET. We conclude that the gender marking realization enables more individualized readings of objects, which may be generic or particularized, which was illustrated by a number of languages from distinct families.

Resumen El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir la función del género gramatical. A partir de una revisión sobre el origen de la categoría de género en las lenguas indoeuropeas y de partición de aspecto nominal propuesta por Rijkhoff (1991), se asume que la marcación gramatical de género determina diferencias de perspectivización de los nombres en base a la hipótesis de que la marcación de género y número son dos caras del trazo aspectual CONJUNTO. Se concluye que la realización de las marcas de género posibilita lecturas más individualizadas de objetos, las que pueden ser genéricas o particularizadas, lo que fue ilustrado en diferentes lenguas de distintas familias.

Abstract Purpose: To determine the efficacy of norbixin-based poly(hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) membranes for Achilles tendon repair. Methods: Thirty rats were submitted to total tenotomy surgery of the right Achilles tendon and divided into two groups (control and membrane; n = 15 each), which were further subdivided into three subgroups (days 7, 14, and 21; n = 5 each). Samples were analyzed histologically. Results: Histological analysis showed a significant reduction in inflammatory infiltrates on days 7, 14 (p < 0.0001 for both), and 21 (p = 0.0004) in the membrane group compared to that in the control group. There was also a significant decrease in the number of fibroblasts in the control group on days 7, 14 (p < 0.0001), and 21 (p = 0.0032). Further, an increase in type I collagen deposition was observed in the membrane group compared to that in the control group on days 7 (p = 0.0133) and 14 (p = 0.0107). Conclusion: Treatment with norbixin-based PHB membranes reduces the inflammatory response, increases fibroblast proliferation, and improves collagen production in the tendon repair region, especially between days 7 and 14.

RESUMO: Neste artigo, intenta-se definir gênero como um traço sintático. É assumido na literatura linguística que gênero não possui papel na sintaxe, sendo apenas relevante para as interfaces. O artigo discute propostas correntes sobre a manifestação formal e funcional de gênero nos nomes, objetivando descrever seu comportamento e possíveis consequências para a sintaxe de línguas como o português brasileiro, que apresenta especificidades na concordância deste traço. Assim, gênero natural/biológico e arbitrário possuem a mesma natureza sintática. Este argumento traz consigo importantes discussões acerca de como este processo determina a distribuição e a interpretação semântica dessas estruturas. Tal complexidade pode ser explicada através da própria computação de gênero.

ABSTRACT In this paper we intend to define gender as a syntactic feature. It is assumed in the linguistic literature that gender has no role in the syntax and is only relevant to the interfaces. This paper will discuss current proposals on the formal and functional gender manifestation in nouns, aiming to describe their behavior and possible consequences for the syntax in a language such as Brazilian Portuguese, which presents some specificities for this feature agreement. Thus, natural/biological and arbitrary gender have the same syntactic nature. However, this argument brings along important discussion on how this process determine the distribution and the semantic interpretation of such structure. This complexity, nonetheless, can be interpreted by means of computation of gender.

RESUMO: Embora estudos sorológicos para leptospirose em iguanas já tenham sido realizados, não a relatos na região amazônica. Portanto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo pesquisar a presença de anticorpos anti-Leptospira sp. em Iguanas-verdes (Iguana iguana) de vida livre do Parque Mangal das Garças, região metropolitana de Belém, PA, e Norte do Brasil. Foram coletadas 29 amostras de sangue de Iguana-verde (I. iguana) que frequentaram o Parque Mangal das Garças. Para o diagnóstico sorológico da infecção por Leptospira sp. foi empregado o teste de aglutinação microscópica (MAT) com 25 antígenos vivos de Leptospira sp. como antígenos. Observou-se que todas as amostras foram não reagentes, o que sugere não exposição ao agente.

ABSTRACT: Although, serological studies for leptospirosis in iguanas have already been performed, there is no report in the Amazon region. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the presence of anti-Leptospira sp. in free living Iguanas-verdes (Iguana iguana) of Mangal das Garças Park, metropolitan region of Belém, Pará, Northern region of Brazil. Twenty-nine blood samples of Iguana-verde (I. iguana) were collected from Mangal das Garças Park. For the serological diagnosis of Leptospira sp. it was employed microscopic agglutination test (MAT) with 25 live antigens of Leptospira sp. as antigens. It was observed that all samples were non-reactive, suggesting no exposure to the agent.