Abstract Amburana cearensis tree is used in various applications, from artisanal to pharmaceutical use. However, the gum extracted from its exudate has not yet been investigated. This study aimed to the physicochemical and structural characterization of Amburana cearensis Gum (AcG) by elemental, rheological, and thermal analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD), high-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Additionally, a hemolytic assay was performed to evaluate the biocompatibility of AcG using human erythrocytes. The results showed that AcG consists of β-D-Galactopyranose monomers linked by glycosidic bonds (1→3). At the same time, the side chains exhibit β-Galactopyranose (1→6) and α-L-Arabinofuranoside (1→3,6) monomers as non-reducing terminals, whose biocompatibility was excellent in the model used. AcG was described for the first time as a biopolymer that could have broad applications in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, justifying the interest in further studies about AcG applications. use However investigated (AcG elemental rheological analyses Xray X ray XRD, XRD , (XRD) highPerformance high Performance HPLC, HPLC (HPLC) GPC, GPC (GPC) FTIR, FTIR (FTIR) UVVis UV Vis NMR. NMR . (NMR) Additionally erythrocytes βDGalactopyranose β D Galactopyranose 1→3. 13 1→3 1 3 (1→3) βGalactopyranose 1→6 16 6 (1→6 αLArabinofuranoside α L Arabinofuranoside 1→3,6 136 (1→3,6 nonreducing non reducing terminals industries (XRD (HPLC (GPC (FTIR (NMR 1→ (1→3 (1→ 1→3, (1→3, (1 (

RESUMO RACIONAL: A endometriose profunda infiltrativa (EP) pode afetar órgãos abdominais e pélvicos, tais como o intestino e a bexiga, necessitando de tratamento para aliviar os sintomas. OBJETIVOS: Estudar e investigar resultados clínicos e cirúrgicos em pacientes com diagnóstico de EP envolvendo o intestino, visando analisar a eficácia dos tratamentos cirúrgicos. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos todos os casos atendidos de janeiro de 2021 a julho de 2023, com foco em pacientes com 18 anos ou mais com a doença acometendo o intestino. Foram excluídos pacientes sem comprometimento intestinal e aqueles com menos de seis meses de acompanhamento pós-operatório. O envolvimento intestinal foi definido como invasão direta da parede intestinal ou necessidade de lise de aderências para ressecção completa. Os desfechos primários foram lise de aderências, raspagem retal e excisão discóide (grupo não colectomia), e ressecção segmentar (grupo colectomia), juntamente com complicações cirúrgicas como fístulas, monitoradas por até 30 dias. RESULTADOS: Das 169 pacientes com EP tratadas cirurgicamente, 76 preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Não foi indicado colectomia em 50 (65,7%) pacientes, enquanto 26 (34,2%) foram submetidos à retossigmoidectomia (RTS). A diarreia durante a menstruação foi o sintoma mais prevalente no grupo RTS (19,2% vs. 6,0%, p<0,001). Os resultados cirúrgicos indicaram tempos operatórios e internações hospitalares mais longos para o grupo de ressecção segmentar, respectivamente, 186,5 vs. 104 min (p<0,001) e 4 vs. 2 dias, (p<0,001). As complicações graves (Clavien-Dindo ≥3) tiveram prevalência global de 6 (7,9%) casos, sem diferença entre os grupos. Não houve mortalidade relatada. Lesões mais graves e sintomas específicos como disquezia e sangramento retal foram associados a maior probabilidade de indicação de RTS. A regressão bayesiana destacou a diarreia próxima à menstruação como um forte preditor de ressecção segmentar. CONCLUSÕES: Em pacientes com endometriose envolvendo os intestinos, sintomas como disquezia, sangramento retal e diarreia relacionada ao período menstrual predizem a indicação de RTS. No entanto, as taxas de complicações graves não diferiram significativamente entre o grupo de ressecção segmentar e o grupo sem colectomia. RACIONAL (EP pélvicos bexiga OBJETIVOS MÉTODOS 202 2023 1 pósoperatório. pósoperatório pós operatório. operatório pós-operatório completa colectomia, , colectomia) fístulas 3 dias RESULTADOS 16 cirurgicamente 7 inclusão 5 65,7% 657 65 (65,7% 34,2% 342 34 (34,2% . (RTS) 19,2% 192 19 (19,2 vs 60 0 6,0% p<0,001. p0001 p p<0,001 001 p<0,001) respectivamente 1865 186 186, 10 (p<0,001 ClavienDindo Clavien Dindo ≥3 7,9% 79 9 (7,9% grupos relatada CONCLUSÕES intestinos entanto 20 65,7 (65,7 34,2 (34,2 (RTS 19,2 (19, 6,0 p000 p<0,00 00 (p<0,00 ≥ 7,9 (7,9 65, (65, 34, (34, 19, (19 6, p00 p<0,0 (p<0,0 7, (7, (65 (34 (1 p0 p<0, (p<0, (7 (6 (3 ( p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Deep penetrating endometriosis (DE) can affect abdominal and pelvic organs like the bowel and bladder, requiring treatment to alleviate symptoms. AIMS: To study and investigate clinical and surgical outcomes in patients diagnosed with DE involving the intestines, aiming to analyze the effectiveness of surgical treatments. METHODS: All cases treated from January 2021 to July 2023 were included, focusing on patients aged 18 years or older with the disease affecting the intestines. Patients without intestinal involvement and those with less than six months of post-surgery follow-up were excluded. Intestinal involvement was defined as direct invasion of the intestinal wall or requiring adhesion lysis for complete resection. Primary outcomes were adhesion lysis, rectal shaving, disc excision (no-colectomy group), and segmental resection (colectomy group) along with surgical complications like anastomotic leak and fistulas, monitored for up to 30 days. RESULTS: Out of 169 patients with DE surgically treated, 76 met the inclusion criteria. No colectomy treatment was selected for 50 (65.7%) patients, while 26 (34.2%) underwent rectosigmoidectomy (RTS). Diarrhea during menstruation was the most prevalent symptom in the RTS group (19.2 vs. 6%, p<0.001). Surgical outcomes indicated longer operative times and hospital stays for the segmental resection group, respectively 186.5 vs. 104 min (p<0.001) and 4 vs. 2 days, (p<0.001). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥3) had an overall prevalence of 6 (7.9%) cases, without any difference between the groups. There was no mortality reported. Larger lesions and specific symptoms like dyschezia and rectal bleeding were associated with a higher likelihood of RTS. Bayesian regression highlighted diarrhea close to menstruation as a strong predictor of segmental resection. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with DE involving the intestines, symptoms such as dyschezia, rectal bleeding, and menstrual period-related diarrhea predict RTS. However, severe complication rates did not differ significantly between the segmental resection group and no-colectomy group. BACKGROUND (DE bladder AIMS intestines treatments METHODS 202 included 1 postsurgery post surgery followup follow excluded shaving nocolectomy , fistulas 3 days RESULTS 16 7 criteria 5 65.7% 657 65 (65.7% 34.2% 342 34 (34.2% . (RTS) 19.2 192 19 (19. vs 6% p<0.001. p0001 p p<0.001 0 001 p<0.001) 1865 186 186. 10 (p<0.001 ClavienDindo Clavien Dindo ≥3 7.9% 79 9 (7.9% groups reported CONCLUSIONS periodrelated period related However 20 65.7 (65.7 34.2 (34.2 (RTS 19. (19 p000 p<0.00 00 (p<0.00 ≥ 7.9 (7.9 65. (65. 34. (34. (1 p00 p<0.0 (p<0.0 7. (7. (65 (34 ( p0 p<0. (p<0. (7 (6 (3 p<0 (p<0 p< (p< (p

Abstract Objective: To assess factors associated with emotional changes and Hyperactivity/Inattention (HI) motivated by COVID-19 quarantine in adolescents with immunocompromising diseases. Methods: A cross-sectional study included 343 adolescents with immunocompromising diseases and 108 healthy adolescents. Online questionnaires were answered including socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and validated surveys: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0). Results: The frequencies of abnormal emotional SDQ scores from adolescents with chronic diseases were similar to those of healthy subjects (110/343 [32%] vs. 38/108 [35%], p = 0.548), as well as abnormal hyperactivity/inattention SDQ scores (79/343 [23%] vs. 29/108 [27%], p = 0.417). Logistic regression analysis of independent variables associated with abnormal emotional scores from adolescents with chronic diseases showed: female sex (Odds Ratio [OR = 3.76]; 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 2.00–7.05; p < 0.001), poor sleep quality (OR = 2.05; 95% CI 1.08–3.88; p = 0.028) and intrafamilial violence during pandemic (OR = 2.17; 95% CI 1.12–4.19; p = 0.021) as independently associated with abnormal emotional scores, whereas total PedsQL score was inversely associated with abnormal emotional scores (OR = 0.95; 95% CI 0.93–0.96; p < 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis associated with abnormal HI scores from patients evidenced that total PedsQL score (OR = 0.97; 95% CI 0.95–0.99; p = 0.010], changes in medical appointments during the pandemic (OR = 0.39; 95% CI 0.19–0.79; p = 0.021), and reliable COVID-19 information (OR = 0.35; 95% CI 0.16–0.77; p = 0.026) remained inversely associated with abnormal HI scores. Conclusion: The present study showed emotional and HI disturbances in adolescents with chronic immunosuppressive diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic. It reinforces the need to promptly implement a longitudinal program to protect the mental health of adolescents with and without chronic illnesses during future pandemics. Objective HyperactivityInattention Hyperactivity Inattention (HI COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Methods crosssectional cross sectional 34 10 sociodemographic socio demographic selfrated self rated surveys SDQ, , (SDQ) PSQI, PSQI (PSQI) 40 4 0 4. PedsQL4.0. PedsQL40 PedsQL4.0 . PedsQL4 (PedsQL4.0) Results 110/343 110343 110 (110/34 32% 32 [32% vs 38108 38 38/10 35%, 35 35% [35%] 0.548, 0548 0.548 548 0.548) hyperactivityinattention hyperactivity inattention 79/343 79343 79 (79/34 23% 23 [23% 29108 29 29/10 27%, 27 27% [27%] 0.417. 0417 0.417 417 0.417) Odds OR 3.76 376 3 76 3.76] 95 (95 2.00–7.05 200705 2 00 7 05 0.001, 0001 0.001 001 0.001) 2.05 205 1.08–3.88 108388 1 08 88 0.028 0028 028 2.17 217 17 1.12–4.19 112419 12 0.021 0021 021 0.95 095 0.93–0.96 093096 93 96 0.0001. 00001 0.0001 0.0001) 0.97 097 97 0.95–0.99 095099 99 0.010, 0010 0.010 010 0.010] 0.39 039 39 0.19–0.79 019079 0.021, 0.35 035 0.16–0.77 016077 16 77 0.026 0026 026 Conclusion pandemics COVID1 COVID- (SDQ (PSQI PedsQL4. (PedsQL4.0 110/34 11034 11 (110/3 [32 3810 38/1 [35% 054 0.54 54 79/34 7934 (79/3 [23 2910 29/1 [27% 041 0.41 41 3.7 37 9 (9 2.00–7.0 20070 000 0.00 2.0 20 1.08–3.8 10838 8 0.02 002 02 2.1 21 1.12–4.1 11241 0.9 09 0.93–0.9 09309 0000 0.000 0.95–0.9 09509 0.01 01 0.3 03 0.19–0.7 01907 0.16–0.7 01607 (PedsQL4. 110/3 1103 (110/ [3 381 38/ [35 0.5 5 79/3 793 (79/ [2 291 29/ [27 04 0.4 3. ( 2.00–7. 2007 0.0 2. 1.08–3. 1083 1.12–4. 1124 0. 0.93–0. 0930 0.95–0. 0950 0.19–0. 0190 0.16–0. 0160 (PedsQL4 110/ (110 [ 79/ (79 2.00–7 200 1.08–3 1.12–4 112 0.93–0 093 0.95–0 0.19–0 019 0.16–0 016 (PedsQL (11 (7 2.00– 1.08– 1.12– 0.93– 0.95– 0.19– 0.16– (1 2.00 1.08 1.12 0.93 0.19 0.16 1.0 1.1 0.1 1.

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to create a single mathematical equation able to estimate the leaf area of different cassava cultivars from one lineal dimension without destroying any plant tissue. Two hundred leaves per cultivar from ten cultivars were used to calibrate the model and more than one hundred leaves per cultivar were used to test its predictive capacity as independent data. All equations were the result of the nonlinear correlation between the leaf area and the length of its central lobe. To validate it as a “general” equation, another set of five cultivars were used. A “specific” equation for each cultivar was also calibrated to compare with the “general” equation’s performance. Cultivar Vassourinha has remarkably different leaf morphology from the other nine cultivars, making the “general” equation’s tendency line deviate and lowering its coefficient of determination. Therefore, one more equation was generated excluding that cultivar and, as a result, it was not possible to estimate the leaf area from all the cultivars using only the “general” equation. The “general without Vassourinha” equation has a high accuracy level when estimating leaf area of the other nine cultivars, plus the extra five cultivars that were included to validate the general equation; all of them present similar leaf morphology. Due to its importance, Vassourinha cultivar’s “specific” equation should be used when estimating leaf area for this cultivar or other cultivars with similar leaf morphology.

Resumo Introdução A perda dentária é um distúrbio de saúde dos idosos que pode levar à deficiência mastigatória e riscos nutricionais, induzindo alterações bioquímicas da síndrome metabólica (SM). Objetivo Verificar a relação entre número de dentes, medidas antropométricas e SM em um grupo de idosos. Material e método O estudo foi desenvolvido na cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil, e foi dividido em três fases. A primeira fase coletou informações do banco de dados de todos os participantes do projeto e a segunda coletou dados sociodemográficos, antropométricos e bioquímicos. A terceira fase foi dividida em duas outras fases: primeiro foram aplicadas entrevistas de saúde bucal aos idosos (281 pacientes avaliados por ligações telefônicas e 23 atendidos em domicílio) e, segundo, 45 pacientes foram selecionados aleatoriamente e convidados a validar os dados obtidos por telefone com exames clínicos orais. A amostra foi composta por 304 indivíduos. Os dados coletados foram tabulados e analisados por meio de testes estatísticos. Resultado Mulheres idosas com perda dentária severa apresentam um risco significativamente maior de desenvolver SM. Assim, a manutenção dos dentes naturais nos idosos é um fator protetor para a síndrome. Conclusão Os achados reforçam a hipótese de que a saúde bucal dos indivíduos, expressa pelo número de dentes, pode comprometer e aumentar o risco de SM em idosos.

Abstract Introduction Tooth loss is a health disorder of the elderly population that may lead to masticatory deficiency and nutritional risks, inducing the biochemical changes of metabolic syndrome (MS). Objective To verify the relationship among number of teeth, anthropometric measurements, and MS in a group of elderly people. Material and method The study was developed in Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil, and it was divided into three phases. The first phase collected information from the database of all project participants and the second one collected sociodemographic, anthropometric, and biochemical data. The third phase was divided into two other phases: first, oral health interviews were applied to the elderly (281 patients evaluated by telephone and 23 visited at home) and second, 45 patients were randomly selected and invited to validate the data obtained by telephone with oral clinical examinations performed by a trained dental surgeon. The sample consisted of 304 individuals. The data collected were tabulated and analyzed using statistical tests. Result Elderly women with severe tooth loss present a significantly higher risk of developing MS. Thus, the maintenance of natural teeth in the elderly is a protective factor for the syndrome. Conclusion The findings support the hypothesis that the oral health of individuals, expressed by the number of teeth, may compromise and increase the risk of MS in the elderly.

RESUMO Objetivo: Caracterizar o perfil do paciente atendido na clínica materno-infantil da FO-UPF. Métodos: Avaliaram-se 694 prontuários de 2000 a 2011. As variáveis demográficas (gênero, idade e procedência), clínicas e terapêuticas (experiência odontológica anterior, experiência de cárie, motivo da consulta, procedimentos realizados, número de consultas e conclusão do tratamento), foram coletadas para análise estatística descritiva, e associações. Resultados: Observou-se maior procura de atendimento de crianças do gênero masculino (51,4%), com idade entre 25 a 36 meses (61,4%) e que 86% dos pacientes residiam em Passo Fundo-RS. Verificou-se também que, 51% apresentavam cárie e que o principal motivo das consultas foi tratamento da cárie dental (43,2%). Dentre os procedimentos mais realizados, os tratamentos não invasivos (49,4%) foram os mais verificados. Em relação as variáveis estudadas foi encontrada associação entre as crianças que residiam em Passo Fundo, possuíam entre 25 a 36 meses e buscaram atendimento para tratar lesões cariosas. Conclusão: Os dados avaliados e associados, permitiram definir o perfil dos pacientes atendidos na clínica materno-infantil: pertencem ao gênero masculino na sua maioria, estão na faixa etária dos 25 a 36 meses, residem na cidade de Passo Fundo, não possuíam experiência odontológica anterior, apresentavam experiência de cárie ao chegar à clínica e a cárie dentária, representou o principal motivo para as consultas. Este estudo traça o perfil do paciente e fortalece a necessidade de programas e propostas para o atendimento ainda mais precoce e preventivo nesta faixa etária, para que se consiga diminuir as necessidades de tratamento e a doença nestas crianças.

ABSTRACT Objective: Characterizing the profile of patients seen at the Maternal and Child Clinic from the University of Passo Fundo Dental School. Methods: 694 records were evaluated in the years 2000 to 2011. Demographic (gender, age and place of residency), clinical and therapeutic variables (previous dental experience, caries, reason for dental appointment, procedures performed, number of appointments and completion of treatment) were collected for descriptive statistical analysis and associations. Results: There was a higher demand for treatment from male children (51.4%) aged 25 to 36 months (61.4%), being 86% of patients from Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul. It was also found that 51% of patients had caries and the main reason for dental appointment was treating such lesion (43.2%). Among the most commonly performed procedures, the non-invasive treatments (49.4%) were the ones that occurred more frequently. Regarding the studied variables, there was an association between children aged 25 - 36 months, living in Passo Fundo, and caries treatment. Conclusion: The evaluated and associated data allowed the definition of the profile of patients seen at the Maternal and Child Clinic. The great majority of patients were male subjects aged 25 -36 months, from Passo Fundo, and who had not undergone previous dental treatment, being caries the major reason for appointment. This study traces the profile of patients and reinforces the need for early preventive treatment and proposals for this age group, aiming at decreasing the need for treatment and reducing diseases in children.

Resumo Em agosto de 2016, foi promovido um cinedebate pelo GRUDES (grupo de pesquisa em cinema e audiovisual da Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná) sobre o filme Lakay, dos cineastas Jéssica Frazão e Matheus Paladino (2016). O filme relata a vida dos imigrantes haitianos no sul do Brasil e nesse evento estavam presentes alunos de graduação da Universidade Tuiuti do Paraná. Entre esses estudantes estava um haitiano que chegara recentemente ao país. Durante o debate, ele participou ativamente contando sua história no Haiti e os motivos de sua emigração ao Brasil. Este artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a participação desses estudantes no debate em relação à ideia de “pequenas crises” em Gumbrecht (2006). Os resultados indicam que o evento foi uma experiência estética proporcionada por meio da oscilação entre o efeito de sentido e de presença, reforçando o que defende o teórico alemão.

Abstract In August 2016, a movie debate was promoted by GRUDES (a film and audiovisual research group from the Tuiuti University of Paraná) on the film Lakay, by filmmakers Jéssica Frazão and Matheus Paladino (2016). The film recounts the life of the Haitian immigrants in southern Brazil, and the event was attended by undergraduate students from the Tuiuti University of Paraná. Among them was a Haitian who had recently arrived in the country. During the debate he participated actively in telling his story in Haiti and the reasons for his emigration to Brazil. This article proposes a reflection on the participation of these students in the debate on the idea of “small crises” in Gumbrecht (2006). The results indicate that the event was an aesthetic experience provided by the oscillation between the effects of sense and presence, reinforcing the German theorist’s arguments .

ABSTRACT Objectives The increase in HIV transmissibility in non-ulcerative sexually transmitted infection is already well-established. It is estimated that symptomatic carriers of N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis have a relative risk of 4.8-fold and 3.6-fold, respectively, for the sexual acquisition of HIV. This type of evaluation for asymptomatic urethritis is necessary to reinforce strategies to combat HIV transmission. This study aims to assess the prevalence of patients with asymptomatic urethritis among men diagnosed with HIV-1 and determine the risk factors associated with this infection. Methods We enrolled a total of 115 male patients aged 18 years or older who have been diagnosed with HIV infection and have no symptoms of urethritis or other sexually transmitted infections and who have been evaluated between May and August 2015 in a follow-up visit at the Immunology Outpatient Clinic of a Brazilian University Hospital. Results Four asymptomatic patients were positive for C. trachomatis and were considered asymptomatic carriers of urethritis. Prevalence was 3.47%. Patients who were positive for C. trachomatis urethritis had a lower mean age (p = 0.015). Conclusion The presence of asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection is a challenge in clinical practice. We recommend that, in outpatient practice, the habit of inquiring on previous sexual behavior to obtain more information about risks and associations with asymptomatic sexually transmitted infection, a routine physical examination and complementary tests to detect STI pathogens should be performed to discard these conditions. The development of rapid tests for this purpose should also be encouraged.

RESUMO. Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar o perfil da carne vendida e consumida em Chapecó - SC, Brasil. Foram entrevistados 31 indivíduos responsáveis pelos principais distribuidores, supermercados, mercados de carne, restaurantes e churrascarias. Foi utilizado o método de questionário estruturado, com questões de respostas fechadas e abertas, aplicadas aos responsáveis pelos estabelecimentos anteriormente mapeados com maior representatividade no município, quanto às características relacionadas ao comércio de carne e ao tipo de produto. A partir dos resultados da pesquisa foi possível identificar a falta de informação sobre os atributos e características que norteiam as preferencias na aquisição de uma carne bovina de qualidade. Portanto, torna-se importante a exposição dos conhecimentos, difusão das informações e dos conceitos sobre a produção de carne bovina de qualidade aos comerciantes e consumidores, a fim de contribuir para a melhoria da carne consumida e comercializada nesta região.

ABSTRACT. This study aimed to analyze the profile of beef sold and consumed in Chapecó - SC, Brazil. Were interviewed 31 individuals responsible for the main distributors, supermarkets, meat markets, restaurants and steakhouses. The structured questionnaire method was used, with questions of closed and open answers applied to those responsible for the establishments previously mapped with greater representativeness in the municipality regarding the characteristics related to the meat trade and the type of product. With the results obtained, it was possible to identify the lack of information regarding the attributes and characteristics that direct preferences in the acquisition of a quality beef. Thus, the knowledge exposure, information dissemination and concepts of the production of beef to merchants and consumers becomes important in order to contribute to the improvement of the meat consumed and commercialized in this region.

ABSTRACT A prevalence of 3.47% of asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis urethritis has been previously reported among males living with HIV infection in Brazil. This study aims to assess the recurrence of C. trachomatis urethritis three years later in the same cohort of patients and analyze associated risk factors. A total of 115 male patients diagnosed with HIV infection, with no symptoms of urethritis and observed since May of 2015 in followup visits were enrolled. They had urine samplers tested by PCR for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae between February and March 2018. Results: Three of the four patients who had asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis three years before were recurrently positive for C. trachomatis urethritis. Two new patients were diagnosed as positives, accounting for a total asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis prevalence of 4.34%. The prevalence during the whole study was 5.21%. The relative risk for a new urethritis episode among those previously diagnosed with urethritis is RR=41.62 (95% CI: 9.42-183.84), p < 0.01. Patients who presented asymptomatic urethritis anytime and who were recurrently positive for C. trachomatis had a lower mean age (p<0.01). Married individuals were protected regarding asymptomatic urethritis [p<0.01, OR = 0.04 (0.005-0.4)] and had lower risk to develop recurrence [p<0.01, RR = 0.86 (0.74-0.99)]. Illicit drugs users had risk associated to asymptomatic urethritis [p=0.02, OR= 5.9 (1.03-34)] and higher risk to develop recurrence [p<0.01, RR=1.1 (1-1.22)]. Conclusion: The recurrence of asymptomatic C. trachomatis urethritis after treatment among males living with HIV infection in Brazil can be considered high and should not be neglected.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o perfil fitoquímico e a bioatividade de extratos da urtiga-cansanção (Cnidoscolus urens) sobre a lagarta-da-couve (Ascia monuste orseis). Foram avaliadas a mortalidade, duração da fase larval, viabilidade e massa de pupas, percentagem de pupas deformadas e preferência alimentar. Também foram identificadas as classes constituintes dos extratos etanólicos, por meio de cromatografia em camada delgada analítica (CCDA). Os extratos etanólicos de folhas e raízes a 2% (m/v) e o extrato aquoso de raízes a 20% (m/v) prolongaram a fase larval do inseto. O extrato etanólico de folhas a 2% reduziu a viabilidade pupal, e as pupas provenientes de todos os tratamentos apresentaram massas reduzidas e geraram adultos defeituosos. Com exceção do extrato etanólico de caule a 2% (m/v), todos os demais extratos apresentaram efeito deterrente sobre larvas de A. monuste orseis. A análise fitoquímica dos extratos etanólicos mostrou a presença majoritária de compostos fenólicos, naftoquinonas, antraquinonas, cumarinas, derivados antracênicos, terpenos e esteroides, além de taninos hidrossolúveis. Extratos aquosos à concentração de 20% e etanólicos a 2% de folhas, caules e raízes de urtiga-cansanção causam mortalidade larval e também reduzem o consumo foliar, a viabilidade pupal e a massa de pupas de A. monuste orseis.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the phytochemical profile and bioactivity of extracts of Brazilian stinging (“cansanção”) nettle (Cnidoscolus urens) on cabbage caterpillar (Ascia monuste orseis). Mortality, larval stage duration, pupal viability and mass, percentage of deformed pupae, and feeding preference were evaluated. The constituent classes of the ethanolic extracts were also identified by analytical thin-layer chromatography (TLC). Ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots at 2% (m/v) and aqueous extract of roots at 20% (m/v) prolonged the larval phase of the insect. The ethanolic extract of leaves at 2% reduced pupal viability, and pupae from all treatments showed reduced masses and generated deformed adults. Except for the ethanolic extract of stem at 2% (m/v), all other extracts showed a deterrent effect on A. monuste orseis larvae. The phytochemical analysis of ethanolic extracts showed the major presence of phenolic compounds, naphthoquinones, anthraquinones, coumarins, anthracene derivatives, terpenes, and steroids, as well as tannins. Aqueous extracts at 20% concentration and ethanolic extracts at 2% of leaves, stems, and roots of cansanção nettle cause larval mortality and also reduce leaf consumption, pupal viability, and pupal mass of A. monuste orseis.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a condição de higiene bucal, hábitos alimentares e prevalência de cárie dentária em adolescentes, relacionando tais hábitos e comparando residentes da zona rural e urbana. Métodos: Estudo transversal, composto por 623 adolescentes de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 12 e 17 anos do município de Santa Cruz do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. Os dados foram coletados através de questionários sociodemográficos e exame clínico odontológico. Realizou-se análise descritiva das variáveis de exposição e desfecho. A análise bivariada foi realizada através de teste de qui-quadrado. Resultados: A prevalência de cárie foi de 63,6%, na qual os adolescentes da zona rural apresentaram prevalência de 70,7% e os da zona urbana 56,4%. O grau de instrução materna ≤4 anos e a classe socioeconômica B1/B2 e C1/C2 apresentaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as zonas de moradia. Entre as variáveis demográficas, a zona rural apresentou maior prevalência de cárie. Conclusão: Os resultados evidenciaram alta prevalência de cárie entre os adolescentes e indicam uma correlação da prevalência com a baixa escolaridade materna, classe socioeconômica (média a baixa) e a residência na zona rural. Deve-se compreender que, enquanto não for levado em consideração a multifatoriedade e a ação estratificada da doença cárie, as ações implementadas continuarão falhando e frustrando as expectativas estabelecidas pelas entidades governamentais.

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the condition of oral hygiene, dietary habits and prevalence of dental caries in adolescents, listing these habits and comparing residents from rural and urban areas. Methods: Cross-sectional study involving of 623 adolescents of both sexes, aged 12 to 17 year old in Santa Cruz do Sul, Brazil. Data were collected through sociodemographic questionnaires and dental examination. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the exposure variables and outcome. A bivariate analysis was then performed using the Chi-square test. Results: The prevalence of caries was 63.6%, in which adolescents living in rural areas had a prevalence of 70.7% and 56.4% in the urban area. The level of mother’s education ≤4 years and socioeconomic class B1/B2 and C1/C2 showed statistically significant differences between the areas of residence. Among the demographic variables, the rural area showed a higher prevalence of caries. Conclusion: The results showed a high prevalence of dental caries among the adolescents studied and indicate a correlation between prevalence and the low level of mother’s education, socioeconomic status (low to medium) and residence in rural areas. It should be understood that, while the multifactorial nature and stratified caries actions are not taken into consideration, the actions implemented will continue to fail, frustrating the expectations set by government entities.

OBJECTIVES: We evaluated mRNA expression levels of genes that encode TGF-β1; the TGF-β1 receptor; the collagen-modifying enzymes LOX, PLOD1, and PLOD2; and the extracellular matrix proteins COMP, FN1, TNC and TNXB in synovial/capsule specimens from patients with idiopathic adhesive capsulitis. Possible associations between the measured mRNA levels and clinical parameters were also investigated. METHODS: We obtained glenohumeral joint synovium/capsule specimens from 9 patients with idiopathic adhesive capsulitis who had not shown improvement in symptoms after 5 months of physiotherapy. Adhesive capsulitis was confirmed in all patients by magnetic resonance imaging. We also obtained specimens from 8 control patients who had underwent surgery for acute acromioclavicular joint dislocation and who had radiological indication of glenohumeral capsule alteration based on arthroscopic evaluation. mRNA expression in the synovium/capsule specimens was analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR. The B2M and HPRT1 genes were used as references to normalize target gene expression in the shoulder tissue samples. RESULTS: The synovium/capsule samples from the patients with adhesive capsulitis had significantly higher TNC and FN1 expression than those from the controls. Additionally, symptom duration directly correlated with expression of TGFβ1 receptor I. CONCLUSION: Elevated levels of TNC and FN1 expression may be a marker of capsule injury. Upregulation of TGFβ1 receptor I seems to be dependent on symptom duration; therefore, TGFβ signaling may be involved in adhesive capsulitis. As such, TNC, FN1 and TGFβ1 receptor I may also play roles in adhesive capsulitis by contributing to capsule inflammation and fibrosis.

The chemical composition, in vitro dry matter (IVDMD) and organic matter (IVOMD) digestibility of the fruits of Pithecellobium dulce, Acacia farnesiana and Acacia cochliacantha were determined. A cafeteria test in calves, sheep and goats was developed to determine through consumption of dry matter and coefficient of preference the palatability of these fruits as a feed source. Crude protein and neutral and acid detergent fiber contents were higher in the A. cochliacantha fruit (p < 0.001) with 11.1, 55.0 and 38.3 %, respectively. Total phenols were higher (p < 0.001) in A. farnesiana fruit with 39.7 %. The IVDMD and IVOMD were greater (p < 0.001) in P. dulce fruit with 57.7 and 35.6 %, respectively. The P. dulce fruit was more palatable (p < 0.0001) for calves and those of A. cochliacanta for sheep and goats (p < 0.05). It is concluded that palatability was higher for A. cochliacanta and P. dulce fruits due to their chemical composition.

Se determinó la composición química y digestibilidad in vitro de materia seca (DIVMS) y orgánica (DIVMO) de frutos de Pithecellobium dulce, Acacia cochliacantha y Acacia farnesiana. Se realizaron pruebas de cafetería en becerros, ovinos y caprinos, para determinar el consumo de materia seca y coeficiente de preferencia de palatabilidad de frutos como fuente de alimento. El contenido de proteína cruda, fibra detergente neutra y acida fue mayor en el frutos de A. cochliacantha (p < 0.001) con 11.1, 55.0 y 38.3 %, respectivamente. Los fenoles totales fueron mayores (p < 0.001) en frutos de A. farnesiana con 39.7 %. La DIVMS y DIVMO fue mayor (p < 0.001) en frutos del P. dulce con 57.7 y 35.6 %, respectivamente. Los frutos de mayor palatabilidad fueron P. dulce (p < 0.0001) en Becerros y A. cochliacanta en Ovejas y Cabras (p < 0.05). La palatabilidad de los frutos de las arbóreas estuvo determinada por la composición química.

INTRODUÇÃO: A doença renal crônica (DRC) é muito prevalente e representa um importante problema de saúde pública. O maior conhecimento dos fatores de risco relacionados à progressão da DRC permite adotar estratégias terapêuticas que podem alterar o curso natural da doença. OBJETIVO: Avaliar o impacto de variáveis clínicas e laboratoriais à admissão nos desfechos de óbito e início de terapia renal substitutiva (TRS). MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte retrospectiva, composta de 211 pacientes adultos com DRC nos estágios 3-5 tratados, acompanhados por 56,6 ± 34,5 meses. RESULTADOS: A idade média dos pacientes foi de 65,4 ± 15,1 anos, sendo 63,5% com > 60 anos. As principais etiologias de DRC foram nefroesclerose hipertensiva (29%) e doença renal diabética (DRD) (17%). A maioria dos pacientes encontrava-se no estágio 4 da DRC (47,3%). A perda média anual de taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) foi 0,6 ± 2,5 mL/min/1,73 m² (mediana 0,7 mL/min/1,73 m²). Após os ajustes para as variáveis demográficas, clínicas e laboratoriais, concluiu-se que apresentar DRD [risco relativo (RR) 4,4; intervalo de confiança (IC) 95%, 1,47-13,2; p = 0,008] foi preditor de TRS e a idade (RR 1,09; IC 95%, 1,04-1,15; p < 0,0001) e o não tratamento com bloqueador do receptor da angiotensina (BRA) (RR 4,18; IC 95%, 1,34-12,9; p = 0,01) foram preditores de óbito. A sobrevida renal e a geral dos pacientes foram de 70,9% e 68,6%, respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Neste estudo, os pacientes com DRC nos estágios 3-5 tratados conservadoramente apresentaram estabilização funcional e baixa mortalidade, desfechos associados à DRD, idade e não tratamento com BRA.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a very common condition that has become a public health issue. Knowing more about risk factors associated with the progression of CKD allows therapeutic interventions that may change the natural course of the disease. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of clinical and laboratory variables at admission on the outcomes death and need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study comprised of 211 adult patients with stages 3-5 CKD, followed-up for 56.6 ± 34.5 months. RESULTS: Mean age of patients was 65.4 ± 15.1 years and 63.5% were > 60 years. The main causes of CKD were hypertensive nephrosclerosis (29%) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) (17%). Most patients (47.3%) were on stage 4 CKD. The mean annual loss of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was 0.6 ± 2.5 mL/min/1.73 m² (median 0.77 mL/min/1.73 m²) After the adjustments for demographic, clinical and laboratory variables, DKD [relative risk (RR) 4.4; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.47 to 13.2; p = 0.008] was predictive of RRT; age (RR 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.15; p < 0.0001) and the non-treatment with angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) (RR 4.18, 95% CI, 1.34 to 12.9; p = 0.01) were predictors of death. Renal and patient survival rates were 70.9% and 68.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In this study, patients with stage 3-5 CKD treated conservatively showed stabilization of renal function and low mortality, which were impacted by DKD, age and to not using ARB, respectively.