Resumo Objetivos: analisar a associação entre o Baixo Peso ao Nascer (BPN) e a ocorrência de atraso na erupção da dentição decídua (AED) em crianças de 04 a 30 meses, residentes em Salvador-BA. Métodos: estudo transversal envolvendo 520 crianças que frequentavam creches públicas, privadas e filantrópicas de dois Distritos Sanitários de Salvador-Ba. Procedeu-se a análise descritiva e regressão logística não-condicional para estimação da oddsratios (ORs), empregando-se o Intervalo de Confiança a 95% como critério para aceitar as associações. A regressão de Poisson foi utilizada como estratégia analítica para obtenção da Razão de Prevalência. Resultados: a prevalência de atraso na erupção foi de 10,29%. Verificou-se uma associa-ção positiva entre BPN e ocorrência de AED entre as crianças com menos de 24 meses no modelo bruto (RP=2,07, IC95%= 0,96 4,44) e ajustado (RP ajustada=2,27, IC95%= 1,02 5,07). Conclusões: variáveis de desenvolvimento e nutricionais ao nascimento e durante a vida precoce podem ser importantes preditores do tempo de erupção, sendo necessárias outras investigações para uma adequada avaliação desta associação.

Abstract Objectives: To analyze the association between low birth weight (LBW) and the occurrence of the delay on the eruption of deciduous teething (DEDT) in children from 04 to 30 months, living in Salvador, Bahia. Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 520 children at four to thirty months of age, from public, private and philanthropic daycares from two districts in Salvador. A descriptive analysis and unconditional logistic regression were done to estimate the odds ratios (ORs), using the Confidence Interval of 95% as a criterion for accepting associations. Poisson regression was used as an analytical strategy to obtain the prevalence ratio. Results: the prevalence of the delay on the eruption was 10.29%. There was a positive association between LBW and occurrence of DEDT among children with less than 24 months, both in the unadjusted model (PR=2.07, 95%CI= 0.96 4.44) as in the adjusted (adjusted PR=2, 27, 95%CI= 1.02 5.07). Conclusions: the variables of development and nutritional at birth and during the early life may be important predictors of the chronology of eruption. Further investigations should be carried out towards the adequate evaluation of the LBW role in the occurrence of the delay on the eruption.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate time in days from the beginning of follow-up up to the development of dental caries in children under 30 months and to assess risk factors potentially affecting the development of the disease. METHODS The study population of the cohort study were children attending public, private, and charitable day care centers in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil, followed up for fourteen months. We used the multivariate Cox regression to estimate risk and Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the caries-free time. RESULTS Of the 495 children studied, 112 developed caries (22.6%). Mean caries-free time was 248.6 (SD = 96.2) days. The comparasion of curves by age group (> 24 months) and children attending public day care showed more caries in a shorter period (p < 0.00). The following variables were important risk factors for increased rate of caries: district of origin (HR = 1.88, 95%CI 1.27–2.77), category of day care (HR = 3.88, 95%CI 2.04–7.38), age (HR = 1.77, 95%CI 1.15–2.74), bottle-feeding before sleep time after the age of 12 months (HR = 1.62, 95%CI 1.04–2.51), presence of active white spots (HR = 2.70, 95%CI 1.07–6.80), and living in non-masonry house (HR = 1.68, 95%CI 1.02–2.76). The highest hazard ratio (HR = 4.60, 95%CI 2.80–7.42) was found for previous caries experience. CONCLUSIONS Social variables were considered as of high risk for the development of dental caries.

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To estimate time in days from the beginning of follow-up up to the development of dental caries in children under 30 months and to assess risk factors potentially affecting the development of the disease. METHODS The study population of the cohort study were children attending public, private, and charitable day care centers in Salvador, Northeastern Brazil, followed up for fourteen months. We used the multivariate Cox regression to estimate risk and Kaplan-Meier method to estimate the caries-free time. RESULTS Of the 495 children studied, 112 developed caries (22.6%). Mean caries-free time was 248.6 (SD = 96.2) days. The comparasion of curves by age group (> 24 months) and children attending public day care showed more caries in a shorter period (p < 0.00). The following variables were important risk factors for increased rate of caries: district of origin (HR = 1.88, 95%CI 1.27–2.77), category of day care (HR = 3.88, 95%CI 2.04–7.38), age (HR = 1.77, 95%CI 1.15–2.74), bottle-feeding before sleep time after the age of 12 months (HR = 1.62, 95%CI 1.04–2.51), presence of active white spots (HR = 2.70, 95%CI 1.07–6.80), and living in non-masonry house (HR = 1.68, 95%CI 1.02–2.76). The highest hazard ratio (HR = 4.60, 95%CI 2.80–7.42) was found for previous caries experience. CONCLUSIONS Social variables were considered as of high risk for the development of dental caries.

Resumo Objetivos: identificar fatores associados a incidência de cárie na primeira infância. Métodos: realizou-se estudo de coorte prospectivo (14 meses) com 495 crianças de 4 a 30 meses de creches públicas, privadas e filantrópicas em Salvador-BA. Resultados: a média de dentes cariados foi de 0,18 (DP=0,75) no início do estudo e 0,55 (DP=1,40) ao final. A incidência em crianças livres de cárie foi 18,5% e no grupo total 22,6%. Na análise de regressão logística, consideraram-se três modelos. Com todas as crianças (N=495), prevaleceu: experiência prévia de cárie (OR=6,8; IC95%= 3,0-15,1), frequentar creche pública (OR=2,9; IC95%= 1,6-5,3), idade maior 24 meses. No segundo, de creches públicas (N=329): idade, aleitamento durante o sono (OR=1,9; IC95%= 1,1-3,2), mancha branca (OR=3,5; IC95%= 1,1-11,3), casa sem revestimento (OR=2,3; IC95%= 1,2-4,1) e experiência prévia de cárie(OR=3,9; IC95%= 1,5-10,6). No terceiro, com crianças sem cárie no início (N=495): frequentar creche pública, idade, cor da pele negra/ parda (OR=5,5; IC95%= 1,3-23,8) e aleitamento durante o sono após um ano (OR= 1,7; IC95%= 1,0-2,8). Conclusões: a vulnerabilidade social foi um forte fator de risco à cárie em crianças menores de dois anos e é necessária melhoria das condições de vida e ações de promoção de saúde bucal para redução da morbidade.

Abstract Objectives: to identify factors associated with the incidence of caries in early childhood. Methods: a prospective (14 months) cohort study was conducted with 495 children aged between 4 and 30 months in public, private and philanthropic crèches in Salvador-Bahia. Results: the mean number of teeth with caries was 0.18 (SD=0.75) at the start of the study and 0.55 (SD=1.40) at the end. The incidence in children originally free of caries was 18.5% and 22.6% in the group as a whole. Three models were considered for logistic regression analysis. In the group as a whole (N=495), the most prevalent factors were prior experience of caries (OR=6.8; CI95%= 3.0-15.1), attending a public crèche (OR=2.9; CI95%= 1.6-5.3), and age > 24 months. In the second model, attending a public crèche (N=329): age, breastfeeding during sleep (OR=1.9; CI95%= 1.1-3.2), white stains (OR=3.5; CI95%= 1.1-11.3), a home without adequate shelter (OR=2.3; CI95%= 1.2-4.1) and prior experience of caries (OR=3.9; CI95%= 1.5-10.6) were the main factors. And, in the third model, children without caries at the start of the study(N=495), the main factors were attending a public crèche, age, dark skin color (OR=5.5; CI95%= 1.3-23.8) and breastfeeding during sleep after one year(OR= 1.7; CI95%= 1.0-2.8). Conclusions: social vulnerability was found to be a powerful risk factor for caries in children under two years of age. Action needs to be taken to improve living conditions and promote dental health in order to reduce morbidity.