Pesquisa | SciELO

ABSTRACT Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance in leprosy is an emerging problem, and the quantitative impact of low bacilloscopic indexes (BIs) on the sensitivity of molecular tests is unknown. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of gene sequencing for the detection of mutations related to antimicrobial resistance in Mycobacterium leprae in patients with low BIs using an analytical model. Methods: Patients with leprosy were included and divided into two groups depending on their BIs (≥ 2+ and < 2+). The sensitivities of the two DNA extraction methods were compared after amplifying and sequencing the repetitive element (RLEP), folP1, rpoB and gyrA in M. leprae. Results: We included 56 patients with leprosy: 35 had BIs less than 2+ (22 had negative slit-skin smear [SSS] results) and 21 patients had BIs greater than or equal to 2+. The sensitivity of the amplification of the RLEP target and the gene sequencing of folP1, rpoB and gyrA was 50 to 70% lower in patients with a BI less than 2+ and was significantly reduced in patients with lower BIs for all targets (p < 0.001). One patient had a mutation in the folP1 gene, and 14 patients had mutations in the gyrA gene, but no mutations related to antimicrobial resistance were found. Conclusions: We can conclude that the sensitivity of molecular tests is directly related to the BI, but these tests can still detect up to 20% of the targets in patients with BIs < 2+. New strategies to improve the sensitivity for detecting antimicrobial resistance in leprosy patients and reasonable clinical criteria for follow-up and the introduction of alternative treatments must be developed.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2022.102381

Atualização da Diretriz Brasileira de Hipercolesterolemia Familiar – 2021
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Izar, Maria Cristina de Oliveira

; Giraldez, Viviane Zorzanelli Rocha

; Bertolami, Adriana

; Santos Filho, Raul Dias dos

; Lottenberg, Ana Maria

; Assad, Marcelo Heitor Vieira

; Saraiva, José Francisco Kerr

; Chacra, Ana Paula M.

; Martinez, Tania L. R.

; Bahia, Luciana Ribeiro

; Fonseca, Francisco Antonio Helfenstein

; Faludi, Andre Arpad

; Sposito, Andrei C.

; Chagas, Antônio Carlos Palandri

; Jannes, Cinthia Elim

; Amaral, Cristiane Kovacs

; Araújo, Daniel Branco de

; Cintra, Dennys Esper

; Coutinho, Elaine dos Reis

; Cesena, Fernando

; Xavier, Hermes Toros

; Mota, Isabela Cardoso Pimentel

; Giuliano, Isabela de Carlos Back

; Faria Neto, José Rocha

; Kato, Juliana Tieko

; Bertolami, Marcelo Chiara

; Miname, Marcio Hiroshi

; Castelo, Maria Helane Costa Gurgel

; Lavrador, Maria Sílvia Ferrari

; Machado, Roberta Marcondes

; Souza, Patrícia Guedes de

; Alves, Renato Jorge

; Machado, Valeria Arruda

; Salgado Filho, Wilson

Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia

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Out 2021, Volume 117 Nº 4 Páginas 782 - 844

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

https://doi.org/10.36660/abc.20210788 231 downloads

Analytical and clinical performance of molecular assay used by the Brazilian public laboratory network to detect and discriminate Zika, Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in blood
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Ribeiro, Marisa O.

; Godoy, Daniela T.

; Fontana-Maurell, Marcela

; Costa, Elaine M.

; Andrade, Elisabete F.

; Rocha, Daniele R.

; Ferreira, Antônio G.P.

; Brindeiro, Rodrigo

; Tanuri, Amilcar

; Alvarez, Patrícia

Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases

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2021, Volume 25 Nº 2 elocation 101542

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT In response to the Zika epidemics in Brazil, the ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) was developed and registered at the Brazilian Regulatory Agency of Health Surveillance - ANVISA. The circulation of Zika (ZIKV) Dengue (DENV) and Chikungunya (CHIKV) viruses and their clinical similarities are challenges to correctly diagnose these viruses. The simultaneous detection of ZIKV, DENV and CHIKV is an important tool for diagnosis and surveillance. Here, we present the analytical and clinical performance evaluation of ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) at the public health laboratories three years after its registration at ANVISA. The clinical performance demonstrates the ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) has 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity to detect and discriminate ZIKV, CHIKV, and DENV from clinical plasma samples. The ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) results were highly reproducible and no cross-reactivity was seen during testing with a panel of other infectious agents. In conclusion, the ZDC molecular assay (Bio-Manguinhos) is an accurate and reliable tool to monitor Zika, dengue and chikungunya infections in countries like Brazil with simultaneous circulation of the three viruses.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjid.2021.101542 90 downloads

Impact of schooling in the HIV/AIDS prevalence among Brazilian transgender women
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Batista, Rafael Loch

; Verduguez, Elisa dal Rosario

; Inacio, Marlene

; Cunha, Flávia Siqueira

; Marques, Mateus Diniz

; Gomes, Natália Lisboa Rosa Almeida

; Faria Jr, José Antônio D.

; Sircili, Maria Helena Palma

; Mendonça, Berenice B.

; Costa, Elaine M. Frade

; Domenice, Sorahia

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Ago 2020, Volume 64 Nº 4 Páginas 369 - 373

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Objective Discrimination and bullying are common conditions among LGBT people. During schooling, these practices compromising education. The aim of this study is to evaluate educational attainment among Brazilian transgender women (TW) and how their education level affects the risk of HIV infection. Study design a cross-sectional population-based study. Subjects and methods 95 adult TW were selected. Information concerning verbal and physical aggression, school dropout, school years (SY), and educational level were assessed. HIV status was screened using a fourth-generation immunoassay followed by western blot testing. Results The mean of SY was 9.1 ± 3.8 ys. The mean age at school dropout was 16.3 ± 3.4 ys old. Verbal aggression was reported by 83%, physical by 48%, and 18% of the TW dropped out school immediately after being physically assaulted. Participants who suffered physical aggression attended school for almost 4 years less than those participants who did not suffer this abuse (OR = -3.96, p < 0.0001). A similar result was found for verbal aggression (OR = -4.35; p < 0.0001). HIV/AIDS prevalence was 18% (n = 17). The mean of SY among HIV/AIDS positive and negative individuals were 6.8 ± 43 versus 9.7 ± 3, respectively (p = 0.004). Lower education was associated with higher frequency of HIV/AIDS among TW and this relationship was sustained after adjustment for injectable drug use and sex work (OR = 0.79, p = 0.04). Conclusion Among Brazilian TW, lower education level was a risk factor associated with HIV. The reasons for low schooling among TW are multifactorial, but verbal and physical harassment strongly contribute for it.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000260 664 downloads

Physico-chemical characteristics of passion fruit flour under removal of flavedo and of maceration
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Silva, Elaine C. O. da

; Silva, Wilton P. da

; Gomes, Josivanda P.

; Silva, Cleide D. P. da S. e

; Souto, Leidjane M. de

; Costa, Zanelli R. T.

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental

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Nov 2019, Volume 23 Nº 11 Páginas 869 - 875

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO O maracujá tem a casca (albedo e flavedo) como componente majoritário, podendo esta, ser utilizada na fabricação de farinha como fonte de nutrientes e para enriquecimento de produtos alimentícios. Assim, objetivou-se neste trabalho estudar o processo de fabricação de farinha do albedo e da casca integral de maracujá nas temperaturas de 70 e 80 °C, verificando-se as influências da remoção do flavedo e da maceração nas características físicas e químicas das farinhas. As farinhas obtidas são claras, com leve disposição à tonalidade vermelha e tendência maior à coloração amarela. O teor de umidade encontra-se dentro dos limites estabelecidos pelas normas vigentes da ANVISA (máximo de 15%). A remoção do flavedo contribuiu para o aumento da atividade de água e os teores de fibra bruta, fibra em detergente neutro e fibra em detergente ácido, entretanto reduziu os teores de umidade, cinzas, proteínas, lipídios e carboidratos. A maceração diminuiu a luminosidade e os teores lipídios e carboidratos e aumenta as cromaticidades a* e b* e a umidade nas farinhas com casca. O aumento da temperatura diminuiu o teor de proteínas e aumenta os teores de quantidade de cinzas e lipídios. Com base na composição centesimal, a farinha deve ser preparada com casca inteira sem maceração e seca a 80 °C.

ABSTRACT Passion fruit has the peel (albedo and flavedo) as its major component and it can be used in the production of flour as source of nutrients and enrichment of food products. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the production of flours from passion fruit albedo and whole peel, verifying the influences of flavedo removal and maceration, as well as the variation in drying temperature (70 and 80 °C) on the physical and chemical characteristics of the flours. The flours has a light color with slight trend to red and stronger trend to yellow. Moisture content is within the limits established by the current norms of ANVISA (a maximum of 15%). The flavedo removal contributed to the increase of water, crude fiber, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber concentrations. However, it reduced moisture, ash, protein, lipids and carbohydrates concentrations. On the other hand, the maceration decreases luminosity, lipids and carbohydrates and increases the chromaticity a* and b* and moisture in the flours. In relation to the increase in temperature, a decrease was observed in the protein concentration and an increase in the concentration of ash and lipids. Based on centesimal composition, the flour should be prepared with whole peel without maceration and dried at 80 °C.

https://doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v23n11p869-875 967 downloads

Microbiological Indicators of Soil Quality Under Native Forests are Influenced by Topographic Factors
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TEIXEIRA, ANITA F.S.

; SILVA, JACQUELINE S.

; VILELA, LAÍZE A.F.

; COSTA, PATRÍCIA F.

; COSTA, ELAINE M. DA

; GUIMARÃES, AMANDA A.

; SANTOS, JESSÉ V. DOS

; SILVA, SÉRGIO H.G.

; CARNEIRO, MARCO AURÉLIO C.

; MOREIRA, FATIMA M.S.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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2019, Volume 91 Nº 4 elocation e20180696

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract: Several microbiological indicators of soil quality present high sensitivity, but little is known about the influence of topographic factors on them. This work aimed to evaluate variability of biological indicators of soil quality across a hillslope under native forest and the influence of topographic factors on them. Four positions on a hillslope were evaluated. Activity of the enzymes β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase, urease and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis were determined, as well as basal and substrate-induced respiration, and density of microorganisms: total bacteria, total fungi, actinobacteria, phosphate solubilizers, ammonifiers, native rhizobia, free-living N2-fixing bacteria, spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and percentage of root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Activity and density of microorganisms were correlated with topographic factors. The relation of these factors to the variations of the evaluated indicators was determined using the random forest algorithm. Microbiological indicators varied according to the hillslope positions. The indicators urease, basal respiration, spore density, mycorrhizal colonization, total bacteria and fungi, phosphate solubilizers, and free-living N2-fixing bacteria detected in JNFB and FAM culture medium did not vary with terrain attributes and were therefore more indicated in cases of topographic variations. This and future studies can help to select the best microbiological indicators for different conditions.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201920189696 793 downloads

Influência de Myrothecium roridum sobre a germinação de sementes e crescimento de plântulas de meloeiro
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Dantas, Dinara Aires

; Costa, José Maria da

; Torres, Salvador Barros

; Nunes, Elaíne Welk Lopes Pereira

; Ambrósio, Michelle de Queiroz

; Nunes, Glauber Henrique de Sousa

Summa Phytopathologica

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Set 2018, Volume 44 Nº 3 Páginas 229 - 235

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Muitos fungos habitantes do solo acometem a lavoura meloeira, dentre estes, destaca-se o Myrothecium roridum que prejudica várias partes da planta, inclusive a semente. O presente trabalho estudou o efeito da inoculação de M. roridum sobre a germinação de sementes e crescimento de plântulas de acessos/cultivares de meloeiro, visando identificar genótipos com menor sensibilidade. O experimento foi realizado em delineamento inteiramente casualizados com quatro repetições em fatorial 38 x 2, em que o primeiro fator correspondeu aos acessos/cultivares, com 38 níveis, e o segundo, a inoculação, com dois níveis: com e sem inoculação. Foram avaliadas as características relativas à germinação (porcentagem e velocidade de emergência) e ao crescimento da plântula (altura, diâmetro do colo, peso seco da plântula e índice de área foliar). O fungo M. roridum afetou de forma negativa, a germinação, a velocidade de emergência e o desenvolvimento de plântulas dos acessos de meloeiro. Os acessos com menor sensibilidade ao fungo M. roridum foram A-6, A-8, A-19, A-22, A-39 e A-45.

ABSTRACT A large number of soilborne fungi affect melon crop, among which the species Myrothecium roridum is highlighted for attacking various parts of the plant, including the seed. The present study investigated the effect of Myrothecium roridum inoculation on seed germination and seedling growth of melon accessions/cultivars in order to identify the least sensitive genotypes. The experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with four replicates in 38 x 2 factorial arrangement, in which the first factor corresponded to the accessions/cultivars, with 38 levels, while the second factor, inoculation, had two levels: with and without inoculation. The evaluated traits were related to germination (emergence percentage and rate) and seedling growth (height, collar diameter, seedling dry weight and leaf area index). The fungus M. roridum negatively affected the germination, emergence rate and seedling development of melon accessions. The accessions with least sensitivity to the fungus M. roridum were: A-6, A-8, A-19, A-22, A-39 and A-45.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/179175 630 downloads

Occurrence and characterization of entomogenic galls in an area of Cerrado sensu stricto and Gallery forest of the state of Bahia, Brazil
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SILVA, APARECIDA RAVENE F. DA

; NOGUEIRA, RAVENA M.

; COSTA, ELAINE C.

; CARVALHO-FERNANDES, SHEILA P.

; SANTOS-SILVA, JULIANA

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências

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Set 2018, Volume 90 Nº 3 Páginas 2903 - 2919

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Abstract We surveyed insect galls in an area of Cerrado sensu stricto and Gallery forest in the municipality of Caetité (BA) to contribute to current knowledge of the local flora and its associated gall-inducing insects. Monthly collections were made between February/2015 and January/2016, totaling 12 field campaigns (involving two or three people and lasting four hours) that followed an established path through the countryside. A total of 63 gall morphotypes were identified on 47 host plant species belonging to 22 families; 17 morphotypes were found in the Gallery forest and 46 in Cerrado vegetation. The plant families showing the greatest gall richness were Leguminosae (n=15), Myrtaceae (n=9), and Asteraceae (n=7). The species with the greatest number of galls was Mimosa gemmulata Barneby (Leguminosae) (n=3). Most galls were observed on leaves (66%) and stems (24%); they were mostly green (49.3%) or brown (26%), with globoid shapes (39.7%) or marginal roll (17.4%), and were unilocular (87%), glabrous (62%) and isolated (89%). Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) were the principal gall-inducing insects. The associated fauna was principally composed of Hymenoptera. Eight plant taxa were recorded for the first time as hosts of galling fauna.

https://doi.org/10.1590/0001-3765201820170522 939 downloads

Structural and histochemical profile of Lopesia sp. Rübsaamen 1908 pinnula galls on Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir. in a Caatinga environment
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Nogueira, Ravena Malheiros

; Costa, Elaine Cotrim

; Silva, Juliana Santos

; Isaias, Rosy Mary dos Santos

Hoehnea

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Jun 2018, Volume 45 Nº 2 Páginas 314 - 322

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

RESUMO Insetos galhadores podem alterar o padrão anatômico dos tecidos das suas plantas hospedeiras, induzindo morfotipos peculiares de galhas. Neste estudo, as modificações estruturais observadas nas galhas de Lopesia sp. em Mimosa tenuiflora assemelham-se àquelas evidenciadas em outras galhas de Cecidomyiidae, com dois compartimentos teciduais. No entanto, as camadas de parênquima no compartimento interno entre a zona mecânica e o tecido nutritivo são peculiares. O desenvolvimento da galha não bloqueia a síntese de quaisquer compostos detectados nos tecidos não galhados de M. tenuiflora, por meio de testes histoquímicos. Ligninas, polifenóis, alcaloides e terpenoides foram detectados no compartimento externo, sugerindo seu envolvimento na defesa química das galhas. Proteínas, açúcares redutores e lipídios foram detectados tanto no compartimento externo quanto no interno, e o tecido nutritivo é rico em açúcares redutores. Esse perfil está ligado à nutrição do galhador. O ambiente da Caatinga parece não impor restrições ao desenvolvimento da galha, mas, a parede celular periclinal espessa e o parênquima homogêneo parecem contribuir para o controle da umidade e da radiação, favorecendo à sobrevivência do inseto galhador.

ABSTRACT Gall-inducing insects can change the anatomical pattern of host plant tissues by inducing peculiar gall morphotypes. In this study, the structural changes observed in Lopesia galls on Mimosa tenuiflora resemble those found in other Cecidomyiidae, with two tissue compartments. Nevertheless, the parenchyma layers of the inner compartment, between the mechanical zone and the nutritive tissue, are peculiar. Gall development does not impair the synthesis of any compounds detected by histochemical tests on non-galled tissues of M. tenuiflora. Lignin, polyphenols, alkaloids and terpenoids were detected in the outer compartment, suggesting their involvement in chemical defence of galls. Proteins, reducing sugars and lipids were detected both in outer and inner compartments, whereas nutritive tissue is rich in reducing sugar. This profile is linked with the nutrition of the gall-inducing insect. The Caatinga environment does not seem to constrain the development of galls, but the thick periclinal cell wall and homogeneous parenchyma may contribute to the control of humidity and light radiation, thus favouring the survival of the gall-inducing insect.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-80/2017 1208 downloads

10.

Androgen insensitivity syndrome: a review
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Batista, Rafael Loch

; Costa, Elaine M. Frade

; Rodrigues, Andresa de Santi

; Gomes, Nathalia Lisboa

; Faria Jr., José Antonio

; Nishi, Mirian Y.

; Arnhold, Ivo Jorge Prado

; Domenice, Sorahia

; Mendonca, Berenice Bilharinho de

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Mar 2018, Volume 62 Nº 2 Páginas 227 - 235

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACT Androgenic insensitivity syndrome is the most common cause of disorders of sexual differentiation in 46,XY individuals. It results from alterations in the androgen receptor gene, leading to a frame of hormonal resistance, which may present clinically under 3 phenotypes: complete (CAIS), partial (PAIS) or mild (MAIS). The androgen receptor gene has 8 exons and 3 domains, and allelic variants in this gene occur in all domains and exons, regardless of phenotype, providing a poor genotype – phenotype correlation in this syndrome. Typically, laboratory diagnosis is made through elevated levels of LH and testosterone, with little or no virilization. Treatment depends on the phenotype and social sex of the individual. Open issues in the management of androgen insensitivity syndromes includes decisions on sex assignment, timing of gonadectomy, fertility, physcological outcomes and genetic counseling.

https://doi.org/10.20945/2359-3997000000031 12145 downloads

11.

Diversidade epifítica da flora montana de samambaias e licófitas do Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Brasil
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Costa, Thiago Vieira

; Damasceno, Elaine Ribeiro

; Sylvestre, Lana da Silva

Rodriguésia

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Jun 2017, Volume 68 Nº 2 Páginas 379 - 389

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

Resumo O Parque Nacional do Itatiaia está localizado no sudeste do Brasil, na parte mais elevada da Serra da Mantiqueira. Uma extensa área do Parque é coberta por Floresta Ombrófila Densa Montana, sendo extremamente rica em espécies epifíticas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi reconhecer as espécies de samambaias e licófitas epifíticas com altos índices de densidade e analisar a abundância dessas plantas em três faixas altitudinais. Foram estabelecidos três sítios de amostragem entre 800 e 1.200 m com intervalos de 200 m. Em cada sítio foram estabelecidas 30 parcelas de 25 m2. Os forófitos foram considerados como unidade amostral natural das plantas inventariadas na base de seus troncos (0-2 m de altura). Trinta e seis espécies de samambaias e licófitas epifíticas distribuídas em 20 gêneros e nove famílias foram encontradas. As famílias com elevada riqueza de espécies foram Aspleniaceae e Polypodiaceae. Campyloneurum lapathifolium, Mickelia scandens, Blechnum acutum e Didymoglossum reptans foram as espécies mais abundantes. A faixa de 800 m mostrou maior diversidade que as demais.

Abstract The Itatiaia National Park is located in southeastern Brazil, in the highest part of Mantiqueira Mountain Range. A large area of the Park is covered by a Dense Montane Rain Forest, being extremely rich in epiphytic species. The aim of this work was to recognize the species of ferns and lycophytes with higher density index and analyze the abundance of these plants in three elevation zones. It was established three sampling sites between 800 and 1200 m at intervals of 200 m. At each site were established 30 plots of 25m2. Phorophytes were considered natural sample unit of inventoried plants at base of their trunks (0-2 m high). Thirty-six species of epiphytic ferns and lycophytes distributed in 20 genera and nine families were found. The families with highest species richness were Aspleniaceae and Polypodiaceae. Campyloneurum lapathifolium, Mickelia scandens, Blechnum acutum, and Didymoglossum reptans were the most abundant species. The 800 m zone showed a higher diversity than the others.

https://doi.org/10.1590/2175-7860201768207 1208 downloads

12.

Comparative central effects of the aqueous leaf extract of two populations of Passiflora edulis
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Ayres, Adriana S.F.S.J.

; Araújo, Luana L.S. de

; Soares, Thaciane C.

; Costa, Geison M.

; Reginatto, Flávio H.

; Ramos, Freddy A.

; Castellanos, Leonardo

; Schenkel, Eloir P.

; Soares-Rachetti, Vanessa P.

; Zucolotto, Silvana M.

; Gavioli, Elaine C.

Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia

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Out 2015, Volume 25 Nº 5 Páginas 499 - 505

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

ABSTRACTPassiflora edulis Sims, Passifloraceae, has been used in Brazilian traditional folk medicine to the treatment of anxiety and insomnia. P. edulis is commonly known for its economic interests in Brazil. This species exhibits significant variability in the fruit rind color, then two subpopulations has been described (P. edulis fo. flavicarpa O. Deg. (PEF); P. edulis fo. edulis (PEE)). This study compared phytochemical profile and biological actions of aqueous leaf extract of PEE and PEF. HPLC analysis showed marked distinct chromatograms to the P. edulisvarieties. However, in both extracts the major compounds observed were flavonoids C-glycosides. Behavioral studies showed that PEE (300 mg/kg, p.o.) and PEF (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced anxiety in the elevated plus maze test. PEE (300 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) and PEF (1000 mg/kg, p.o.) also induced antidepressant-like actions in the forced swimming test. PEE 1000 mg/kg significantly reduced distance moved, thus suggesting sedation. No alterations in sleeping time were observed with PEE and PEF extracts. In conclusion, despite the similarities between the biological actions observed for both P. edulis varieties, quite different phytochemical profile was herein reported. These data suggest that the anxiolytic and antidepressant actions are not due to a specific phytochemical component.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjp.2015.06.007 1711 downloads

13.

Quality of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong. seedlings in function of inoculation and natural nodulation in soils from southwest of Piauí, Brazil
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Jesus, Antonieta A.

; Nóbrega, Rafaela S. A.

; Nóbrega, Júlio César A.

; Costa, Elaine M.

; Moreira, Fatima M. S.

; Pacheco, Leandro P.

Revista de Ciências Agrárias

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Jun 2014, Volume 37 Nº 2 Páginas 198 - 205

Resumo: Pt En | Texto: Pt En | PDF: Pt | PDF: En

A fixação biológica de azoto é uma importante alternativa para o fornecimento de azoto (N) às leguminosas. O presente trabalho objetivou avaliar a qualidade de mudas de Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong em função da inoculação e da nodulação natural em solos do Sudoeste do Piauí. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições, e os tratamentos arranjados em esquema fatorial (5 x 4), constituídos por cinco classes de solo e quatro tratamentos de N (a-inoculação com a estirpe BR 4406, b-adubação com N mineral, c-adubação com N mineral e inoculação com a estirpe BR 4406, d-sem N mineral e sem inoculação). Aos 75 dias após a semeadura foram avaliados: nodulação, eficiência da fixação de N2, acúmulo de azoto na massa seca da parte aérea e parâmetros morfológicos das mudas. As mudas de E. contortisiliquum apresentaram nodulação natural apenas quando cultivadas no Organossolo e Neossolo Flúvico. A estirpe inoculante BR 4406 mostrou-se pouco adaptada aos solos do Sudoeste piauiense constituintes dos substratos de cultivo. As mudas cultivadas no Neossolo Quartzarênico, Organossolo e Neossolo Flúvico apresentam melhor qualidade em relação às cultivadas no Latossolo Amarelo e Neossolo Litólico.

Biological nitrogen fixation is an important alternative to provide nitrogen (N) to legumes. This study aimed to evaluate the quality of Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong seedlings depending on the inoculation and natural nodulation in soils from southwest of Piauí, Brazil. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replications and treatments arranged in a (5 x 4) factorial design, consisting of five soil classes and four N treatments (a-inoculation with strain BR 4406, b- with application of mineral N, c- with mineral N and inoculation with BR 4406, d- without mineral N or inoculation). Seventy five days after sowing number and fresh weight of nodules, N2 fixation efficiency, nitrogen concentration in shoot and morphological parameters of seedlings were evaluated. The seedlings of E. contortisiliquum presented natural nodulation only when grown on Organosol and Fluvic Neossol. The inoculant strain BR 4406 showed a very low adaptation to the soils from Southwest of Piauí. Seedlings grown in Quartzarenic Neosol, Organosol and Fluvic Neossol have better quality compared to those grown in Oxisol and Litolic Neosol.

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14.

Changes in the suprachiasmatic nucleus during aging: implications for biological rhythms
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Engelberth, Rovena C. G. J.

; Pontes, André L. Bezerra de

; Fiuza, Felipe Porto

; Silva, Kayo D. de Azevedo

; Resende, Nayra da S.

; Azevedo, Carolina Virgínia de M.

; Costa, Miriam S. M. O.

; Cavalcante, Judney C.

; Nascimento Jr., Expedito S.

; Gavioli, Elaine Cristina

; Cavalcante, Jeferson S.

Psychology & Neuroscience

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Dez 2013, Volume 6 Nº 3 Páginas 287 - 297

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

Animals have neural structures that allow them to anticipate environmental changes and then regulate physiological and behavioral functions in response to these alterations. The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus (SCN) is the main circadian pacemaker in many mammalian species. This structure synchronizes the biological rhythm based on photic information that is transmitted to the SCN through the retinohypothalamic tract. The aging process changes the structural complexity of the nervous system, from individual nerve cells to global changes, including the atrophy of total gray matter. Aged animals show internal time disruptions caused by morphological and neurochemical changes in SCN components. The effects of aging on circadian rhythm range from effects on simple physiological functions to effects on complex cognitive performance, including many psychiatric disorders that influence the well-being of the elderly. In this review, we summarize the effects of aging on morphological, neurochemical, and circadian rhythmic functions coordinated by the main circadian pacemaker, the SCN.

https://doi.org/10.3922/j.psns.2013.3.07 4258 downloads

15.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 gene (CA)n repeats and a variable number of tandem repeats of the insulin gene in Brazilian children born small for gestational age
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Coletta, Rocio R.D.

; Jorge, Alexander A.L.

; D'Alva, Catarina Brasil

; Pinto, Emília M.

; Billerbeck, Ana Elisa C.

; Pachi, Paulo R.

; Longui, Carlos A.

; Garcia, Ricardo M.

; Boguszewski, Margaret

; Arnhold, Ivo J.P.

; Mendonca, Berenice B.

; Costa, Elaine M.F.

Clinics

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Jun 2013, Volume 68 Nº 6 Páginas 785 - 791

Resumo: En | Texto: En | PDF: En

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of (CA)n repeats in the insulin-like growth factor 1 gene and a variable number of tandem repeats of the insulin gene on birth size in children who are small or adequate-sized for gestational age and to correlate these polymorphisms with serum insulin-like growth factor 1 levels and insulin sensitivity in children who are small for gestational age, with and without catch-up growth. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We evaluated 439 infants: 297 that were adequate-sized for gestational age and 142 that were small for gestational age (66 with and 76 without catch-up). The number of (CA)n repeat in the insulin-like growth factor 1 gene and a variable number of tandem repeats in the insulin gene were analyzed using GENESCAN software and polymerase chain reaction followed by enzymatic digestion, respectively. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from all patients. RESULTS: The height, body mass index, paternal height, target height and insulin-like growth factor 1 serum levels were higher in children who were small for gestational age with catch-up. There was no difference in the allelic and genotypic distributions of both polymorphisms between the adequate-sized and small infants or among small infants with and without catch-up. Similarly, the polymorphisms were not associated with clinical or laboratory variables. CONCLUSION: Polymorphisms of the (CA)n repeats of the insulin-like growth factor 1 gene and a variable number of tandem repeats of the insulin gene, separately or in combination, did not influence pre- or postnatal growth, insulin-like growth factor 1 serum levels or insulin resistance.

https://doi.org/10.6061/clinics/2013(06)10 1383 downloads

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