ABSTRACT Background: Physical Activity (PA) programs have been suggested to lower absenteeism due to illness in sedentary employees. The aim of this review was to examine available scientific literature in order to study PA effects in workplace absenteeism taking the program design into consideration. Methods: A search through 4 databases (Medline, Sportdiscus, Web of Science and Embase), from inception to December 2017, was conducted to identify control intervention and observational studies about PA and absenteeism published in either English or Spanish language using PRISMA procedures. Results: A total of 10 published studies between 1981 and 2017 met the inclusion criteria. Evidence from the review suggested that PA is effective in reducing illness-related absence. Likelihood of being off from workplace reported with sedentary workers reach more probabilities when compared with exercisers. Conclusions: General PA is considered paramount in order to lower employees’ absenteeism, which could be more related to vigorous training. However, there is a lack of rigorous and more specific studies about the issue. More focused on PA effect on absenteeism, adjusted by intervention variables, research would be desirable.

RESUMEN Fundamentos: Se ha sugerido que los programas de actividad física (AF) podrían reducir el absentismo laboral por motivos de enfermedad en trabajadores sedentarios. Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo examinar la evidencia científica disponible para estudiar los efectos de la AF sobre el absentismo laboral teniendo en consideración el diseño del programa de AF. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en 4 bases de datos (Medline, Sportdiscus, Web of Science y Embase) de ensayos clínicos y estudios observacionales publicados sobre AF y absentismo laboral, en inglés y en español, desde el inicio de indización hasta diciembre de 2017, utilizando la metodología PRISMA. Resultados: Un total de 10 estudios publicados cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad establecidos. Las evidencias encontradas en la revisión sugieren que la AF es efectiva como medida para reducir el absentismo laboral por motivos de enfermedad. En general, los estudios señalaron que se observan mayores probabilidades de ausentarse del trabajo en trabajadores sedentarios que en los físicamente activos. Conclusiones: La AF en general parece disminuir el absentismo laboral. En concreto, la AF vigorosa podría obtener mejores resultados que la realizada a intensidad moderada, aunque faltan estudios de intervención más rigurosos y específicos, con un mayor control sobre las variables de intervención.

ABSTRACT Background: Physical Activity (PA) programs have been suggested to lower absenteeism due to illness in sedentary employees. The aim of this review was to examine available scientific literature in order to study PA effects in workplace absenteeism taking the program design into consideration. Methods: A search through 4 databases (Medline, Sportdiscus, Web of Science and Embase), from inception to December 2017, was conducted to identify control intervention and observational studies about PA and absenteeism published in either English or Spanish language using PRISMA procedures. Results: A total of 10 published studies between 1981 and 2017 met the inclusion criteria. Evidence from the review suggested that PA is effective in reducing illness-related absence. Likelihood of being off from workplace reported with sedentary workers reach more probabilities when compared with exercisers. Conclusions: General PA is considered paramount in order to lower employees’ absenteeism, which could be more related to vigorous training. However, there is a lack of rigorous and more specific studies about the issue. More focused on PA effect on absenteeism, adjusted by intervention variables, research would be desirable.

RESUMEN Fundamentos: Se ha sugerido que los programas de actividad física (AF) podrían reducir el absentismo laboral por motivos de enfermedad en trabajadores sedentarios. Esta revisión tuvo como objetivo examinar la evidencia científica disponible para estudiar los efectos de la AF sobre el absentismo laboral teniendo en consideración el diseño del programa de AF. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en 4 bases de datos (Medline, Sportdiscus, Web of Science y Embase) de ensayos clínicos y estudios observacionales publicados sobre AF y absentismo laboral, en inglés y en español, desde el inicio de indización hasta diciembre de 2017, utilizando la metodología PRISMA. Resultados: Un total de 10 estudios publicados cumplieron con los criterios de elegibilidad establecidos. Las evidencias encontradas en la revisión sugieren que la AF es efectiva como medida para reducir el absentismo laboral por motivos de enfermedad. En general, los estudios señalaron que se observan mayores probabilidades de ausentarse del trabajo en trabajadores sedentarios que en los físicamente activos. Conclusiones: La AF en general parece disminuir el absentismo laboral. En concreto, la AF vigorosa podría obtener mejores resultados que la realizada a intensidad moderada, aunque faltan estudios de intervención más rigurosos y específicos, con un mayor control sobre las variables de intervención.

Abstract Introduction: The pacemaker implantation VDD is considered simpler, faster, less expensive and causes fewer complications compared to DDD. However, the VDD pacemaker has not been widely used in many centers, perhaps for fear of dysfunction of the sinus node and the reduction of atrial sensitivity by the pacemaker during follow-up after implantation. Objective: To compare patients with DDD and VDD pacemakers regarding the evolution of chronic atrial fibrillation (AF) and length of stay outside this postoperative arrhythmia. Methods: It was included 158 patients with dual chamber pacemakers, 48 DDD and 110 VDD. Follow-up period: between January 1, 1999 and December 31, 2015. The mean follow-up of patients with DDD was 5.35 years and the VDD, 4.74 years. The percentage of each group (DDD and VDD) which evolved to AF during follow-up was assessed. Also, it was made an actuarial study with the respective curves indicating the time free from AF for each group. Patients were classified according to the diagnosis that led to pacemaker implantation and the degree of heart failure. Results: The percentage of patients who developed AF was higher in DDD group (10.42%) than in VDD group (6.36%), but without statistical significance. Patients with DDD and VDD remained free of AF for similar period. Conclusion: Considering the results, the VDD pacemaker continues to be a good option to the DDD for routine use in cases properly indicated.

Introdução: Estudos populacionais utilizam, geralmente, métodos indiretos de estimativa do nível de atividade física (NAF) da população. Entretanto, o erro de medida, principalmente quando se trata da população idosa, é grande. Estudos nacionais que usam medidas objetivas são escassos. Objetivo: Este estudo buscou descrever o perfil de prática de atividade física (AF) da população idosa do município de São Paulo utilizando-se acelerometria. Métodos: Este trabalho faz parte do estudo SABE, desenvolvido na capital do Estado de São Paulo e analisou os dados de 568 idosos (≥ 65 anos). O acelerômetro da marca Actigraph foi utilizado durante 3 dias consecutivos. Os idosos foram classificados segundo o NAF de acordo com as recomendações atuais de AF. O NAF foi descrito (média e IC 95%) segundo sexo e grupos etários (< 70 anos, 70 a 79 anos e ≥ 80 anos). As proporções de idosos em cada grupo de NAF foram descritas em termos relativos (%). As diferenças entre os grupos foram estimadas utilizando-se o teste generalizado de igualdade entre médias de Wald. Resultados: Os idosos considerados sedentários representaram 63,1% (48,3% dos homens e 71,7% das mulheres) e apresentaram média de idade maior; houve prevalência de 25,7% dos homens e 8,13% das mulheres classificados como fisicamente ativos, o que corresponde a apenas 14,6% do total de idosos. Os idosos gastam, em média, 12,6 (IC 95% 10,6 - 13,7) minutos por dia em atividades físicas consideradas de intensidade moderada e/ou vigorosa. A proporção de idosos fisicamente ativos é menor quanto maior for a idade. Conclusão: O NAF da população idosa do Município de São Paulo é baixo e considerado insuficiente, principalmente para o sexo feminino. Assim, houve maior proporção de idosos considerados sedentários e insuficientemente ativos quando comparados aos ativos.

Introduction: Population studies generally use indirect methods to estimate the physical activity level (PAL). However, the measurement error, particularly when it comes to the elderly, is significant. National studies using objective measures are scarce. Objective: This study aimed to describe the physical activity level of the elderly in São Paulo city using accelerometry. Methods: This research is part of SABE Study carried out in the capital of São Paulo and analyzed data of 568 elderly people (≥65 years). The Actigraph accelerometer was used for three consecutive days. The elderly were classified according to the PAL in accordance with the current recommendations of PA. The PAL was described (mean and 95% CI) by sex and age groups (< 70 years, 70-79 years and ≥ 80 years). The proportion of elderly people in each PAL group was described in relative terms (%). Differences between groups were estimated using Wald test. Results: Elderly classified as sedentary accounted for 63.1% (48.3% men and 71.7% women) and had higher mean age; prevalence was 25.7% of men and 8.13% of women classified as physically active, which corresponds to only 14.6% of the elderly. The elderly spend on average 12.6 (95% CI 10.6 to 13.7) minutes per day in physical activity considered moderate and/or vigorous. The proportion of elderly individuals active is smaller the greater the age. Conclusion: The PAL of elderly population of São Paulo city is low and insufficient, especially among women. Thus, the proportion of elderly people considered sedentary and insufficiently active were greater compared to physically active elderly people.

Introducción: Los estudios de población suelen utilizar métodos indirectos para estimar el nivel de actividad física (NAF) de la población. Sin embargo, el error de medición, especialmente en el caso de la población de edad avanzada, es grande. Estudios nacionales utilizando medidas objetivas son escasos. Objetivo: Este estudio trata de describir el perfil de actividad física (AF) de la población de ancianos en la ciudad de São Paulo mediante acelerometría. Métodos: Este trabajo forma parte del estudio SABE, llevado a cabo en la capital de São Paulo y analizó los datos de 568 personas de edad avanzada (≥ 65 años). Se utilizó el acelerómetro Actigraph durante tres días consecutivos. Los ancianos fueron clasificados de acuerdo al NAF según las recomendaciones de AF actuales. El NAF fue descrito (media e IC 95%) por sexo y grupos de edad (< 70 años, 70-79 años y ≥ 80 años). La proporción de personas mayores en cada grupo de NAF fue descrita en términos relativos (%).Las diferencias entre los grupos se calcularon utilizando la prueba de Wald. Resultados: Ancianos considerados sedentarios representan el 63,1% (48,3% hombres y 71,7% mujeres) y tuvieron mayor media de edad; la prevalencia fue del 25,7% de los hombres y el 8,13% de las mujeres clasificados como físicamente activos, lo que corresponde a sólo el 14,6% de las personas mayores. Los ancianos gastan en promedio 12,6 (IC del 95%: 10,6 a 13,7) minutos por día en actividad física considerada moderada y/o vigorosa. La proporción de ancianos físicamente activos disminuye a medida que aumenta la edad. Conclusión: El NAF de la población anciana de São Paulo es considerado bajo e insuficiente, especialmente para las mujeres. Por lo tanto, hubo una mayor proporción de personas de edad avanzada considerada sedentaria e insuficientemente activa en comparación con los activos.

Introdução: A anemia falciforme (AF) é a forma mais grave da doença falciforme; apresenta formas variantes que são chamadas de haplótipos βS. Existem cinco principais haplótipos desse gene: árabe-indiano/saudi, Senegal, Benin, Bantu e Camarões. Objetivos: Caracterizar a presença dos haplótipos em pacientes com AF no Amapá. Métodos: Foram estudadas 46 amostras, todas amplificadas e analisadas pela técnica de reação em cadeia da polimerase-polimorfismo de tamanho de fragmentos de restrição (PCR-RFLP). Resultados: Bantu (61,2%) seguido de Benin (26,5%) e Senegal (12,2%). Conclusão: Foram identificados três haplótipos característicos da etnia africana, com a presença do Senegal. Em nosso estudo não encontramos a presença de haplótipos atípicos, sugerindo a concentração e semi-isolamento de grupos fundadores com pouca miscigenação.

Introduction: Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is the most severe form of sickle cell disease; it presents variants that are called haplotypes βS. There are five major haplotypes βS gene: Arab-Indian/Saudi, Senegal, Benin, Bantu, and Camaroon. Objective: Characterize the presence of haplotypes in patients with SCA in Amapá. Methods: 46 sample were studied, all samples were amplified and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results: Bantu (61.2%), followed by Benin (26.5%) and Senegal (12.2%). Conclusion: We identified three haplotypes characteristic of African ethnicity, with the presence of Senegal. In our study we found the presence of atypical haplotype, suggesting concentration and semi-isolation of the founding groups with little mixing.

OBJECTIVE: Atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia that increases the risk of stroke by four- to five-fold. We aimed to establish a profile of patients with atrial fibrillation from a population of patients admitted with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack using clinical and echocardiographic findings. METHODS: We evaluated patients consecutively admitted to a tertiary hospital with acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Subjects were divided into an original set (admissions from May 2009 to October 2010) and a validation set (admissions from November 2010 to April 2013). The study was designed as a cohort, with clinical and echocardiographic findings compared between patients with and without atrial fibrillation. A multivariable model was built, and independent predictive factors were used to produce a predictive grading score for atrial fibrillation (Acute Stroke AF Score-ASAS). RESULTS: A total of 257 patients were evaluated from May 2009 to October 2010 and included in the original set. Atrial fibrillation was diagnosed in 17.5% of these patients. Significant predictors of atrial fibrillation in the multivariate analysis included age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scores, and the presence of left atrial enlargement. These predictors were used in the final logistic model. For this model, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.79. The score derived from the logistic regression analysis was The model developed from the original data set was then applied to the validation data set, showing the preserved discriminatory ability of the model (c statistic = 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: Our risk score suggests that the individual risk for atrial fibrillation in patients with acute ischemic stroke can be assessed using simple data, including age, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scores at admission, and the presence of left atrial enlargement.

Introducción. El síndrome metabólico (SM) es de causa multifactorial (definida en una interacción genético-ambiental). Se compone por cifras elevadas de presión arterial, alteraciones del perfil lipídico, obesidad y alteraciones en el metabolismo de los carbohidratos. La agregación familiar (AF) es un indicador estadístico para rasgos cualitativos de etiología multifactorial que orienta hacia la predisposición y/o riesgo de recurrencia de una entidad en familiares de un caso índice. Se ha descrito para la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 una frecuencia en familiares de afectados del 10-30%(2), para la Hipertensión arterial una frecuencia de 8-28% de afectados con 1 familiar de 1er grado hipertenso(2,3). En el caso de la Obesidad la probabilidad de que un individuo sea obeso teniendo 2 familiares de primer grado afectados es del 40%(3). Objetivos. Determinar la interacción genético ambiental en la etiología de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, hipertensión arterial y obesidad en familiares de casos con estos diagnósticos en población residente de gran altura en la ciudad de El Alto y La Paz. Metodología. Diseños híbridos de conglomerados familiares. Los datos fueron tomados del proyecto "Factores de riesgo asociados a síndrome metabólico en población residente de El Alto y La Paz 2009-2010"(1), incluyendo en este estudio aquellas familias con dos o más familiares con DM2, HTA u Obesidad. Resultados. De un total de 248 casos con SM se encontraron 47 genealogías informativas. Los resultados demuestran un incremento de riesgo de padecer estas enfermedades en presencia de uno o más familiares afectados en comparación con la población general. Discusión y Conclusiones. La presencia de AF en estas tres entidades en evidente. Llama la atención que las frecuencias incrementan al analizar sólo familiares de 1er grado (dejando de lado 2do y 3er grado), este dato es indicativo del aporte genético en la etiología de las patologías citadas y refuerza su etiología ambiental al sugerir que los familiares de 1er grado co-habitan un mismo entorno y comparten las mismas costumbres alimenticias y actitudes. Estos datos confirman la interacción genético ambiental que define la etiología multifactorial de las patología estudiadas.

Introduction. The metabolic syndrome (MA) has multifactorial etiology (defined by a gene-environment interaction). It consists of high levels of blood pressure, lipid disorders, obesity and alterations in carbohydrate metabolism. Familial aggregation (FA) is a statistical indicator for qualitative traits with multifactorial etiology and guides to predisposition and / or recurrence risk of an entity in relatives of an index case. A 10-30% frequency for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in affected relatives has described (2), A 8-28% frequency for Hypertension in first grade relatives affected family hypertension (2.3) . In obesity case the probability that an individual becomes obese having 2 first-degree relatives is about 40% (3). Objectives. Determine environmental genetic interaction in the etiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and obesity in relatives of patients with these diagnoses in resident population of the city of El Alto and La Paz. Methodology. We used the methodology of hybrid family conglomerates designs. The data were taken from the project "Risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome in residents of El Alto and La Paz 2009-2010"(1), including those families with two or more relatives with T2DM, hypertension or obesity. Results. Of a total of 248 cases with SM were found 47 informative pedigrees. The results show an increased risk for these diseases in the presence of one or more affected relatives compared with the general population. Discussion and conclusions. The presence of FA in these three entities is evident. Noteworthy that the frequencies increase when analyzing only 1st degree relatives (excluding 2nd and 3rd grade), this data is indicative for the genetic contribution in the etiology of the mentioned diseases and reinforces the complex etiology by suggesting that relatives of 1st degree co-inhabit the same environment and share the same eating habits and attitudes. These data confirm the genetic environmental interaction defining the multifactorial etiology of the disease studied.

A primeira referência à ocorrência de material de Characeae no Estado de São Paulo está em Braun (1883). Nesse trabalho, foram citadas duas espécies de Nitella : N. acuminata A. Braun var.subglomerata A. Braun e N. microcarpa A. Braun subsp. glaziovii (Zeller) Nordstedt f. santosa Nordstedt. Seguem a esse, dois outros trabalhos que trataram as Characeae em nível espécie, o de Edwall (1896) e o de Horn af Rantzien (1950). A partir de 1969, tem início a contribuição marcante de Rosa Maria Teixeira Bicudo à contribuição das Characeae do Estado de São Paulo. A Dra. Bicudo foi pesquisadora no Instituto de Botânica em São Paulo até 1980, quando faleceu prematuramente. Deixou dois catálogos (Bicudo 1968a, 1968b) que fundamentaram os estudos sobre as Characeae no Brasil. Finalmente, Picelli-Vicentim, Bicudo e Bueno et al.(2004) atualizaram o levantamento original de Picelli-Vicentim (1990) para publicar o volume referente às Charophyceae da "Flora ficológica do Estado de São Paulo", onde se encontram reunidas 16 espécies e 27 táxons infraespecíficos de representantes da classe entre subespécies, variedades e formas taxonômicas. A lista foi elaborada a partir de duas fontes, quais sejam: 1) o material depositado no Herbário Científico do Estado "Maria Eneyda P. Kauffmann Fidalgo" (SP); e 2) a monografia sobre o grupo publicada pelo Programa BIOTA e, mais especificamente, pelo projeto "Flora ficológica do Estado de São Paulo.

The first reference to the occurrence of Characeae in São Paulo state is Braun (1883). In this work, two species of Nitella are quoted: N. acuminata A. Braun var. subglomerata A. Braun and N. microcarpa A. Braun subsp. glaziovii (Zeller) Nordstedt f. santosa Nordstedt. Two other papers follow this regarding Characeae at species level, Edwall (1896) and Horn af Rantzien (1950). From 1969, the important contribution of Rosa Maria Teixeira Bicudo to Characeae studies at São Paulo state. Dr Bicudo researched at Botanic Institute of São Paulo until 1980, suddenly died. She left two catalogues (Bicudo 1968a, 1968b) that based the studies in Characeae at Brazil. Finally, Picelli-Vicentim, Bicudo and Bueno et al.(2004) updated the original assessment of Picelli-Vicentim (1990) to publish the recent volume on Charophyceae in the "Flora ficológica do Estado de São Paulo", where 16 species and 27 infra-specific taxons where gathered representing class among subspecies, varieties and taxonomic forms. The list was elaborated from two sources: 1) vouchers deposited at Herbário Científico do Estado "Maria Eneyda P. Kauffmann Fidalgo" (SP); and 2) the monography about the group published by BIOTA-FAPESP Program and, more specifically, the Project "Flora ficológica do Estado de São Paulo".

The silverleaf whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) biotype B has become a serious problem for soybean cultivation because it can significantly reduce soybean productivity. The use of soybean cultivars resistant to whitefly attack is an important strategy in an integrated pest management (IPM) program. This study evaluated the preference for oviposition and colonization by B. tabaci biotype B on different soybean genotypes. In the free-choice test, the genotypes studied were 'IAC 17' and 'IAC 19' as the standards for resistance and 'IAC Holambra Stwart' as the standard for susceptibility, as well as BABR01-0492, BABR01-0173, BABR01-1259, BABR01-1576, BABR99-4021HC, BABR99-4021HP, 'Barreiras', 'Conquista', 'Corisco', 'BRS Gralha', PI274454, PI227687, and PI171451. In the no-choice test, the four best genotypes selected in the free-choice test, in addition to the susceptible and resistant standards were evaluated. Our data indicated 'Barreiras' as the most resistant genotype against B. tabaci biotype B. 'BRS Gralha', which was the least attractive to whitefly adults in the free-choice test, did not show resistance to insect attack when they were confined in cages in the no-choice test. Despite the high number of eggs observed, BABR01-1576 and BABR99-4021HC showed a reduced number of nymphs, indicating antibiosis. The genotypes with a high level of resistance can be used as a tool against B. tabaci in IPM or as a source of resistance in plant-breeding programs.

Foram avaliados o comportamento e a motivação para prática de atividade física (AF) entre 144 coronariopatas segundo o perfil sociodemográfico/clínico. Houve predomínio de homens, com 59,4(±8,8) anos, com baixas renda e escolaridade. Os comportamentos de caminhada e AF habitual evidenciaram estilo de vida pregresso sedentário, com motivação elevada para realização futura de AF. Mulheres com história pregressa de angina e não tabagistas relataram níveis menores de comportamento e motivação para AF. Idade mais elevada, menor renda, número de condições clínicas associadas, tempo desde a última síndrome coronária e maior índice de massa corporal correlacionaram-se a menores níveis de AF. O padrão de AF e a motivação entre coronariopatas variam segundo o perfil sociodemográfico/clínico, o que deve ser considerado no planejamento de atividades educativas.

Behavior and motivation for physical activity (PA) were assessed among 144 coronary heart disease outpatients according to the sociodemographic and clinical profile. The sample was predominantly male (63.9%), with 59.4(± 8.8) years, with low levels of monthly income and schooling. Behavior and Habitual PA measures revealed sedentary lifestyle with high motivation for future PA. Women, patients with history of angina and non-smokers reported lower levels of behavior and motivation. Higher age, lower income, lower number of associated conditions, less time since last coronary syndrome and higher values of BMI were associated to lower levels of PA. The findings suggest that the pattern of PA and motivation vary among CHD outpatients according to sociodemographic and clinical profile, information that should be considered in educational interventions.

El comportamiento y motivación para actividad física (AF) entre pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria fueran avaluados. La muestra (n = 144) fue compuesta por hombres (63,9%) con 59,4(± 8,8) años, caucásicos (82,6%), inactivos (80,5%), bajos ingresos y escolaridad. El comportamiento de AF mostró estilo de vida sedentario, con alta motivación para futura AF. Mujeres, con historia de angina de pecho y no fumadores tuvieram niveles más bajos de comportamiento y motivación. Mayor edad, menores ingresos, menor número de otras condiciones, menos tiempo desde la última síndrome coronario y valores más altos de IMC tuvieram asociación con niveles más bajos de AF. El patrón de AF y motivación entre estos pacientes varía de acuerdo con el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico, datos pertinentes en la planificación de actividades educativas.

Behavior and motivation for physical activity (PA) were assessed among 144 coronary heart disease outpatients according to the sociodemographic and clinical profile. The sample was predominantly male (63.9%), with 59.4(± 8.8) years, with low levels of monthly income and schooling. Behavior and Habitual PA measures revealed sedentary lifestyle with high motivation for future PA. Women, patients with history of angina and non-smokers reported lower levels of behavior and motivation. Higher age, lower income, lower number of associated conditions, less time since last coronary syndrome and higher values of BMI were associated to lower levels of PA. The findings suggest that the pattern of PA and motivation vary among CHD outpatients according to sociodemographic and clinical profile, information that should be considered in educational interventions.

El comportamiento y motivación para actividad física (AF) entre pacientes con enfermedad arterial coronaria fueran avaluados. La muestra (n = 144) fue compuesta por hombres (63,9%) con 59,4(± 8,8) años, caucásicos (82,6%), inactivos (80,5%), bajos ingresos y escolaridad. El comportamiento de AF mostró estilo de vida sedentario, con alta motivación para futura AF. Mujeres, con historia de angina de pecho y no fumadores tuvieram niveles más bajos de comportamiento y motivación. Mayor edad, menores ingresos, menor número de otras condiciones, menos tiempo desde la última síndrome coronario y valores más altos de IMC tuvieram asociación con niveles más bajos de AF. El patrón de AF y motivación entre estos pacientes varía de acuerdo con el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico, datos pertinentes en la planificación de actividades educativas.

Foram avaliados o comportamento e a motivação para prática de atividade física (AF) entre 144 coronariopatas segundo o perfil sociodemográfico/clínico. Houve predomínio de homens, com 59,4(±8,8) anos, com baixas renda e escolaridade. Os comportamentos de caminhada e AF habitual evidenciaram estilo de vida pregresso sedentário, com motivação elevada para realização futura de AF. Mulheres com história pregressa de angina e não tabagistas relataram níveis menores de comportamento e motivação para AF. Idade mais elevada, menor renda, número de condições clínicas associadas, tempo desde a última síndrome coronária e maior índice de massa corporal correlacionaram-se a menores níveis de AF. O padrão de AF e a motivação entre coronariopatas variam segundo o perfil sociodemográfico/clínico, o que deve ser considerado no planejamento de atividades educativas.

As espécies forrageiras de inverno: aveia preta (Avena strigosa Schreb cv. Comum), azevém anual (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Comum) e trevo branco (Trifolium repens L. cv. Zapicán) foram sobre-semeadas em uma pastagem de capim-aruana (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aruana), utilizada com ovinos em sistema intensivo de produção (irrigação, adubação e lotação rotacionada), com o objetivo de suprir o déficit de forragem no período crítico. Nos dois anos (14/04/00 a 18/01/01 e 07/06/01 a 22/02/02), foram avaliados: massa total de forragem pré-pastejo, composição botânica, porcentagem de lâminas foliares, acúmulo de forragem (AF) e taxa diária de acúmulo de forragem (TDAF), em seis períodos de rebrotação. O delineamento experimental foi o de blocos completos casualizados, com repetição dentro do bloco e dois tratamentos: 1) capim-aruana exclusivo (AE) e 2) sobre-semeadura da mistura das espécies forrageiras de inverno (MFI). No primeiro ano, a pastagem MFI apresentou maior massa total de forragem que a pastagem AE, na média dos seis períodos e no segundo período. A aveia apresentou a maior contribuição no segundo período e o azevém, no terceiro. As pastagens com MFI apresentaram maiores AF que as AE, na média dos seis períodos de rebrotação e no segundo e quinto períodos. No segundo ano, a massa total de forragem apresentou quantidades semelhantes entre as duas pastagens, nos seis períodos de pastejo. A aveia esteve mais presente no primeiro período e o azevém, no terceiro. Não houve diferença entre tipos de pastagem para AF, nos seis períodos de rebrotação. Pastos de capim-aruana adubados e irrigados, com sobre-semeadura de espécies forrageiras de inverno, produzem mais forragem no período crítico que pastos não sobre-semeados.

Three winter forage species: black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb. cv. Common), italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Common) and white clover (Trifolium repens L. cv. Zapican) were introduced in a pasture of aruanagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Aruana), grazed by sheep in an intensive production system (irrigation, fertilization and rotational stocking) with the objective of increasing the forage supply during the dry winter period. From 04-14-00 to 01-18-01 and 06-07-01 to 02-22-02, in six grazing periods, the pre-grazing forage mass, botanical composition and leaf blades percentage were evaluated in the six regrowth periods, as well as forage accumulation (FA). A completely randomized block design with replication within blocks was used. The treatments were: 1) grass alone and 2) the grass oversown with the mixture of winter forages. The oversown pasture had a greater total forage mass than the control in the second period as well as in the overall mean of the six periods of first year. The black oat made higher contribution in the second period while italian ryegrass contribution was higher in the third period. Higher FA was observed in the oversown pasture compared to the pure aruanagrass pasture, in the second, fifth and in the mean of the six regrowth periods. Total forage mass did not differ between treatments in the second year. The black oat contribution was higher in the first period while that of italian ryegrass was higher in the third period. The FA was similar in the two pasture systems. Fertilized and irrigated aruanagrass pasture, oversown with winter annual forages, out-yielded pure aruanagrass pasture during the dry winter period.

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a concordância entre tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT) e angiofluoresceinografia (AF) no diagnóstico do edema macular cistóide (EMC) secundário a cirurgia de catarata. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo observacional comparativo de 25 olhos com provável EMC. Pacientes com baixa de acuidade visual e alterações na biomicroscopia de fundo após cirurgia de catarata foram submetidos aos exames de OCT e AF na mesma visita. O diagnóstico do EMC foi realizado considerando a presença de vazamento de fluoresceína na angiografia e o espessamento retiniano e/ou espaços cistóides e/ou líquido subretiniano pela OCT. RESULTADOS: Vinte e cinco olhos de 25 pacientes foram avaliados. Vinte e dois olhos mostraram resultados semelhantes no OCT e AF, sendo que 15 olhos apresentaram EMC e 7 olhos não apresentaram EMC. Dois olhos com EMC foram diagnosticados apenas pela AF e um olho apenas pelo OCT. A concordância entre os exames foi boa (Kappa = 0,7331; p=0,0001) sem tendência para achados positivos ou negativos (p=1,0). CONCLUSÃO: Conforme este estudo preliminar, OCT parece ser tão efetiva quanto a AF na detecção do EMC com boa concordância entre os dois métodos.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the agreement between optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) regarding the detection of cystoid macular edema (CME) following cataract surgery. METHODS: Retrospective comparative observational series of 25 eyes with suspected CME. Patients with low visual acuity and alterations in fundus biomicroscopy after cataract surgery underwent OCT scanning followed by FFA on the same visit. The diagnosis of CME was established considering fluorescein leakage on FFA and retinal thickness and/or cystoid spaces and/or subretinal fluid on OCT. RESULTS: Twenty-five eyes of 25 patients were enrolled. Twenty-two eyes had similar results on both OCT and FFA, of which 15 eyes had CME and 7 eyes had no CME. Two eyes had CME detected only by FFA and one eye only by OCT. The agreement between the two examinations was good (Kappa = 0.7331; p=0.0001) with no tendency to have neither more positive nor negative findings (p=1.0). CONCLUSION: According to these preliminary data, OCT seems to be as effective as FFA to detect CME with a good agreement between the two techniques.