Abstract Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder in the population, resulting from a decrease in the function of the thyroid gland and affecting the thyroid hormone production. This pathology has several health implications, and its clinical management extends beyond conventional pharmacological treatment. Nutrition is related to the thyroid gland function, however, nutritional recommendations based on recent scientific evidence have not been determined. The present review addresses the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism, followed by an updated approach to nutrients and foods associated with thyroid function.

Resumen El hipotiroidismo es una enfermedad endocrina frecuente en la población, que deriva de una disminución de la función de la glándula tiroides y afecta la producción de hormonas tiroideas. Esta patología tiene diversas implicancias para la salud, y su gestión clínica va más allá del tratamiento farmacológico convencional. La nutrición está fuertemente relacionada con la función de la glándula tiroides, sin embargo, no se han propuesto recomendaciones nutricionales sustentadas en la evidencia científica actual. La presente revisión aborda en primera instancia la patogenia del hipotiroidismo, seguido de un abordaje actualizado de nutrientes y alimentos asociados a la función tiroidea.

Resumo Este artigo é baseado em uma amostra representativa e aleatória de 396 decisões monocráticas penais do Supremo Tribunal Federal, proferidas entre 01/01/2020 e 22/06/2021, que mencionam a pandemia de Covid-19. Foram mapeados os pedidos, o tipo de prisão, a data de julgamento, o tipo de ação e o resultado dos pedidos. Em seguida, foi feita uma análise qualitativa dos argumentos utilizados pela Corte para decidir. O objetivo principal do estudo é compreender como a Corte julgou pedidos de desencarceramento e o peso da pandemia de Covid-19 na argumentação judicial. Os dados indicam que a pandemia não teve impacto relevante na forma de decidir do STF em casos de prisão. Prevaleceram os indeferimentos de pedidos de soltura, com significativa mobilização argumentativa de óbices processuais, permitindo que a Corte não se posicionasse sobre questões de mérito. Por outro lado, quando o mérito foi analisado, a pandemia não foi tratada como argumento suficiente para desencarcerar. Ademais, a pandemia, a Recomendação 62 do CNJ e a ADPF 347 não tiveram grande destaque argumentativo nas poucas decisões que concederam pedidos de desencarceramento. A pesquisa reforça o diagnóstico de que a pandemia não mudou o modo como o Judiciário lida com a prisão. Esse achado de pesquisa contribui para a compreensão dos obstáculos para o enfrentamento do superencarceramento no Brasil. 39 Federal 01012020 01 2020 01/01/202 22062021 22 06 2021 22/06/2021 Covid19. Covid19 Covid 19. 19 prisão julgamento seguida Covid-1 judicial soltura processuais lado analisado desencarcerar Ademais 6 34 Brasil 3 0101202 0 202 01/01/20 2206202 2 22/06/202 Covid1 1 Covid- 010120 20 01/01/2 220620 22/06/20 01012 01/01/ 22062 22/06/2 0101 01/01 2206 22/06/ 010 01/0 220 22/06 01/ 22/0 22/

Abstract This article is based on a representative and randomly selected sample of 396 individual criminal decisions from the Federal Supreme Court, issued between January 1, 2020, and June 22, 2021, related to the COVID-19 pandemic. We tracked the petitions, the type of imprisonment, the date of judgment, the type of legal action, and the outcomes of these requests. Subsequently, we conducted a qualitative analysis of the arguments employed by the Court in reaching its decisions. The main objective of the study is to understand how the Court ruled on requests for release from incarceration and the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the judicial reasoning. The findings indicate that the pandemic had no relevant impact on the Court’s decision-making process. Dismissals on procedural grounds prevailed, allowing the court to avoid ruling on the merits of a claim. On the other hand, when the merits were analyzed, the pandemic was not treated as a sufficient argument for releasing a prisoner. Additionally, during the pandemic, CNJ’s Recommendation No. 62 and ADPF No. 347 had no argumentative prominence in the few decisions that granted requests for release. This research reinforces the diagnosis that the pandemic has not changed how the Judiciary deals with imprisonment. This finding contributes to understand the challenges in tackling mass incarceration in Brazil. 39 1 2020 22 2021 COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 petitions imprisonment judgment action Subsequently Covid19 Covid Covid-1 reasoning Courts s decisionmaking decision making process prevailed claim hand analyzed prisoner Additionally CNJs CNJ No 6 34 Brazil 3 202 2 COVID1 COVID- Covid1 Covid- 20

Resumen: Este estudio evaluó la asociación del peso al nacer, la edad gestacional y el crecimiento intrauterino con la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) a los 22 y 30 años de edad, en las Cohortes de Nacimiento de 1982 y 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. La DMO se midió mediante absorciometría de rayos X de doble emisión (DXA), y la asociación se evaluó mediante ANOVA y regresión lineal múltiple para controlar la confusión por sexo, ingresos familiares al nacer, tabaquismo materno durante el embarazo, escolaridad materna, color de piel materno e índice de masa corporal antes del embarazo. Se comprobó si la grasa corporal en la edad adulta era un mediador de la asociación analizada, utilizando G-computation Formula. Se evaluaron 6.803 participantes de las cohortes 82 y 93, de 30 y 22 años, respectivamente. El peso al nacer se asoció con la DMO en todos los sitios, con la mayor diferencia en el cuello femoral. Los nacidos con un peso inferior a 2.000g tuvieron una media de -0,036g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,064; -0,008) de DMO en el cuello femoral, que aquellos con más de 3.500g. Aquellos con una puntuación z de crecimiento intrauterino de al menos 1,28 desviaciones estándar por debajo de la media presentaron un promedio de -0,013g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,024; -0,002) de DMO en la columna lumbar, con relación a aquellos con un puntaje z superior a la media. El análisis de mediación mostró que la grasa corporal en la edad adulta no medió la asociación. Las condiciones de nacimiento se asociaron con la DMO en la edad adulta, y la identificación temprana de factores relacionados con la pérdida de DMO es esencial debido a la inversión demográfica que ha estado ocurriendo en los países de ingresos medios y bajos.

Abstract: This study assessed the association of birth weight, gestational age, and intrauterine growth with bone mineral density (BMD) at 22 and 30 years of age in the 1982 and 1993 birth cohorts in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the association was assessed using analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression was used to control for confounding factors: sex; household income at birth; maternal smoking during pregnancy; maternal schooling; maternal ethnicity/skin color; and pre-pregnancy body mass index. The study tested whether body fat in adulthood was a mediator of the association analyzed, using the G-computation Formula. A total of 6,803 participants from the 1982 and 1993 cohorts were evaluated at 30 and 22 years of age, respectively. Birth weight was associated with BMD at all sites, with a greater difference at the femoral neck. Individuals born weighing less than 2,000g had on average -0.036g/cm2 (95%CI: -0.064; -0.008) of BMD in the femoral neck than individuals weighing more than 3,500g. Individuals with an intrauterine growth z-score at least 1.28 standard deviation below the mean had an average of -0.013g/cm2 (95%CI: -0.024; -0.002) of BMD in the lumbar spine compared with individuals with an above-average z-score. The mediation analysis showed that body fat in adulthood did not mediate the association. Birth conditions have been associated with BMD in adulthood and the identification of early factors related to bone loss is essential due to the demographic inversion that has been taking place in low- and middle-income countries.

Resumo: Este estudo avaliou a associação do peso ao nascer, idade gestacional e crescimento intrauterino com a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) aos 22 e 30 anos, nas coortes de nascimentos de 1982 e 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A DMO foi medida por absorciometria por raios X com dupla energia (DXA), a associação foi avaliada usando análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla para o controle de confundimento por: sexo, renda familiar ao nascer, tabagismo materno na gestação, escolaridade materna, cor da pele materna e índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional. Foi testado se a gordura corporal na vida adulta era mediadora da associação analisada, por meio da G-computation Formula. Foram avaliados 6.803 participantes das coortes de 1982 e 1993, aos 30 e 22 anos, respectivamente. O peso ao nascer teve associação com a DMO em todos os sítios, com maior diferença no colo femoral. Os nascidos com menos de 2.000g apresentaram, em média, -0,036g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,064; -0,008) de DMO no colo femoral em comparação àqueles com mais de 3.500g. Aqueles com escore-z de crescimento intrauterino com pelo menos 1,28 desvio padrão abaixo da média apresentaram, em média, -0,013g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,024; -0,002) de DMO na coluna lombar, em relação aos com escore-z acima da média. A análise de mediação mostrou que gordura corporal na idade adulta não mediou a associação. As condições de nascimento foram associadas com a densidade mineral óssea na vida adulta, e a identificação dos fatores precoces relacionados à perda de DMO é essencial devido à inversão demográfica em progresso em países de média e baixa renda.

RESUMO: Neste estudo, analisamos as interações de seis famílias em visita à exposição virtual “ Aedes : que mosquito é esse?”, do Museu da Vida (RJ). Os objetivos foram: identificar as interações com a exposição e as conversas mais relevantes dos membros da família entre si durante as visitas; analisar aspectos de usabilidade e navegabilidade; e identificar especificidades do público familiar no que concerne à visitação virtual a museus e centros de ciências. A coleta de dados foi feita por meio de aplicação de questionário on-line e por gravação da tela e dos dados audiovisuais da família, com o uso do programa de livre acesso Flashback Recorder Express, durante a realização da visita, além de realização de entrevista semiestruturada on-line após a visita. Os dados foram categorizados e analisados, no caso dos dados audiovisuais, utilizando-se o software Dedoose. Os resultados indicaram valoração positiva da experiência de visitação, com protagonismo das crianças. Notamos que os membros da família conversam entre si para descobrir como se locomover e executar ações no ciberespaço; valorizam a possibilidade de interatividade e de aprendizado, sendo os totens interativos os que mais despertam interesse e emoções positivas; e buscam os textos expositivos de forma parcial, apesar do desinteresse na leitura. Quanto ao aspecto da virtualidade, além de barreiras associadas ao não funcionamento, o caráter imersivo é acompanhado por dificuldades com a usabilidade e navegabilidade, que, ainda que superáveis intuitivamente, associam-se a emoções negativas e poderiam ser minimizadas com o fornecimento de mais informações aos usuários. RESUMO estudo esse, esse , esse?” RJ. RJ . (RJ) visitas navegabilidade ciências online on line Express analisados utilizandose utilizando Dedoose crianças ciberespaço aprendizado positivas parcial leitura virtualidade funcionamento intuitivamente associamse associam usuários esse? (RJ

ABSTRACT: In this study, we analyzed the interactions of six families visiting virtual exhibition “Aedes: which mosquito is this?” at Museu da Vida (RJ). The objectives were: to identify the most relevant interactions with the exposition and conversations between family members during the visits; analyze aspects of usability and navigability; and identify specificities of the family public regarding virtual visitation to museums and science centers. Data collection occurred by applying an online questionnaire, using the free Flashback Recorder Express program during the family’s visitation, in addition to conducting a semi-structured online interview after the visit. The data were categorized and analyzed, in the case of audiovisual data, using the Dedoose software. The results indicated a positive valuation about the visitation experience, with children playing a leading role. We noticed that the family members talk to each other to figure out how to get around and perform actions in cyberspace; they value the possibility of interactivity and learning, with interactive totems arousing the most interest and positive emotions; and they seek the exposition texts partially, despite lack of interest in reading. As for the aspect of virtuality, in addition to barriers associated with non-functioning, the immersive nature is accompanied by difficulties with usability and navigability, which, although intuitively overcome, are associated with negative emotions and could be minimize by providing more information to users. ABSTRACT study Aedes “Aedes this? RJ. RJ . (RJ) visits navigability centers questionnaire familys s semistructured semi structured visit software experience role cyberspace learning partially reading virtuality nonfunctioning, nonfunctioning non functioning, functioning non-functioning overcome users (RJ

Resumo: Este estudo avaliou a associação do peso ao nascer, idade gestacional e crescimento intrauterino com a densidade mineral óssea (DMO) aos 22 e 30 anos, nas coortes de nascimentos de 1982 e 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A DMO foi medida por absorciometria por raios X com dupla energia (DXA), a associação foi avaliada usando análise de variância e a regressão linear múltipla para o controle de confundimento por: sexo, renda familiar ao nascer, tabagismo materno na gestação, escolaridade materna, cor da pele materna e índice de massa corporal pré-gestacional. Foi testado se a gordura corporal na vida adulta era mediadora da associação analisada, por meio da G-computation Formula. Foram avaliados 6.803 participantes das coortes de 1982 e 1993, aos 30 e 22 anos, respectivamente. O peso ao nascer teve associação com a DMO em todos os sítios, com maior diferença no colo femoral. Os nascidos com menos de 2.000g apresentaram, em média, -0,036g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,064; -0,008) de DMO no colo femoral em comparação àqueles com mais de 3.500g. Aqueles com escore-z de crescimento intrauterino com pelo menos 1,28 desvio padrão abaixo da média apresentaram, em média, -0,013g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,024; -0,002) de DMO na coluna lombar, em relação aos com escore-z acima da média. A análise de mediação mostrou que gordura corporal na idade adulta não mediou a associação. As condições de nascimento foram associadas com a densidade mineral óssea na vida adulta, e a identificação dos fatores precoces relacionados à perda de DMO é essencial devido à inversão demográfica em progresso em países de média e baixa renda. Resumo (DMO 2 3 anos 198 199 Pelotas Sul Brasil DXA, DXA , (DXA) sexo gestação prégestacional. prégestacional pré gestacional. pré-gestacional analisada Gcomputation G computation Formula 6803 6 803 6.80 respectivamente sítios 2000g g 000g apresentaram 0,036g/cm2 0036gcm2 gcm 0 036g cm2 cm -0,036g/cm IC95% IC95 IC (IC95% 0,064 0064 064 -0,064 0,008 0008 008 -0,008 3500g 500g 3.500g escorez escore z 128 1 28 1,2 0,013g/cm2 0013gcm2 013g -0,013g/cm 0,024 0024 024 -0,024 0,002 0002 002 -0,002 lombar 19 (DXA 680 80 6.8 0,036g/cm 0036gcm IC9 (IC95 0,06 006 06 -0,06 0,00 000 00 -0,00 12 1, 0,013g/cm 0013gcm 0,02 02 -0,02 68 8 6. (IC9 0,0 -0,0 (IC 0, -0, -0 -

Abstract: This study assessed the association of birth weight, gestational age, and intrauterine growth with bone mineral density (BMD) at 22 and 30 years of age in the 1982 and 1993 birth cohorts in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and the association was assessed using analysis of variance. Multiple linear regression was used to control for confounding factors: sex; household income at birth; maternal smoking during pregnancy; maternal schooling; maternal ethnicity/skin color; and pre-pregnancy body mass index. The study tested whether body fat in adulthood was a mediator of the association analyzed, using the G-computation Formula. A total of 6,803 participants from the 1982 and 1993 cohorts were evaluated at 30 and 22 years of age, respectively. Birth weight was associated with BMD at all sites, with a greater difference at the femoral neck. Individuals born weighing less than 2,000g had on average -0.036g/cm2 (95%CI: -0.064; -0.008) of BMD in the femoral neck than individuals weighing more than 3,500g. Individuals with an intrauterine growth z-score at least 1.28 standard deviation below the mean had an average of -0.013g/cm2 (95%CI: -0.024; -0.002) of BMD in the lumbar spine compared with individuals with an above-average z-score. The mediation analysis showed that body fat in adulthood did not mediate the association. Birth conditions have been associated with BMD in adulthood and the identification of early factors related to bone loss is essential due to the demographic inversion that has been taking place in low- and middle-income countries. Abstract (BMD 2 3 198 199 Pelotas State Brazil dualenergy dual energy Xray X ray DXA (DXA variance sex pregnancy schooling ethnicityskin ethnicity skin color prepregnancy pre index analyzed Gcomputation G computation Formula 6803 6 803 6,80 respectively sites 2000g g 000g 0.036g/cm2 0036gcm2 gcm 0 036g cm2 cm -0.036g/cm 95%CI 95CI CI 95 (95%CI 0.064 0064 064 -0.064 0.008 0008 008 -0.008 3500g 500g 3,500g zscore z score 128 1 28 1.2 0.013g/cm2 0013gcm2 013g -0.013g/cm 0.024 0024 024 -0.024 0.002 0002 002 -0.002 aboveaverage above zscore. score. low middleincome middle countries 19 680 80 6,8 0.036g/cm 0036gcm 9 0.06 006 06 -0.06 0.00 000 00 -0.00 12 1. 0.013g/cm 0013gcm 0.02 02 -0.02 68 8 6, 0.0 -0.0 0. -0. -0 -

Resumen: Este estudio evaluó la asociación del peso al nacer, la edad gestacional y el crecimiento intrauterino con la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) a los 22 y 30 años de edad, en las Cohortes de Nacimiento de 1982 y 1993 de Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. La DMO se midió mediante absorciometría de rayos X de doble emisión (DXA), y la asociación se evaluó mediante ANOVA y regresión lineal múltiple para controlar la confusión por sexo, ingresos familiares al nacer, tabaquismo materno durante el embarazo, escolaridad materna, color de piel materno e índice de masa corporal antes del embarazo. Se comprobó si la grasa corporal en la edad adulta era un mediador de la asociación analizada, utilizando G-computation Formula. Se evaluaron 6.803 participantes de las cohortes 82 y 93, de 30 y 22 años, respectivamente. El peso al nacer se asoció con la DMO en todos los sitios, con la mayor diferencia en el cuello femoral. Los nacidos con un peso inferior a 2.000g tuvieron una media de -0,036g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,064; -0,008) de DMO en el cuello femoral, que aquellos con más de 3.500g. Aquellos con una puntuación z de crecimiento intrauterino de al menos 1,28 desviaciones estándar por debajo de la media presentaron un promedio de -0,013g/cm2 (IC95%: -0,024; -0,002) de DMO en la columna lumbar, con relación a aquellos con un puntaje z superior a la media. El análisis de mediación mostró que la grasa corporal en la edad adulta no medió la asociación. Las condiciones de nacimiento se asociaron con la DMO en la edad adulta, y la identificación temprana de factores relacionados con la pérdida de DMO es esencial debido a la inversión demográfica que ha estado ocurriendo en los países de ingresos medios y bajos. Resumen (DMO 2 3 198 199 Pelotas Sul Brasil DXA, DXA , (DXA) sexo embarazo materna analizada Gcomputation G computation Formula 6803 6 803 6.80 8 93 respectivamente sitios femoral 2000g g 000g 0,036g/cm2 0036gcm2 gcm 0 036g cm2 cm -0,036g/cm IC95% IC95 IC (IC95% 0,064 0064 064 -0,064 0,008 0008 008 -0,008 3500g 500g 3.500g 128 1 28 1,2 0,013g/cm2 0013gcm2 013g -0,013g/cm 0,024 0024 024 -0,024 0,002 0002 002 -0,002 lumbar bajos 19 (DXA 680 80 6.8 9 0,036g/cm 0036gcm IC9 (IC95 0,06 006 06 -0,06 0,00 000 00 -0,00 12 1, 0,013g/cm 0013gcm 0,02 02 -0,02 68 6. (IC9 0,0 -0,0 (IC 0, -0, -0 -

Resumo Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar as implicações do desemprego para a carreira e a saúde mental de trabalhadores brasileiros. Participaram 234 trabalhadores desempregados. Foram utilizados um questionário demográfico, a Escala de Adaptabilidade de Carreira, a Escala de Satisfação com a Vida, a Escala de Esperança de Herth e a Escala de Depressão, Ansiedade e Estresse. Os resultados indicaram que o desenvolvimento da adaptabilidade de carreira está associado a maior satisfação com a vida e esperança. Os trabalhadores que estão mais satisfeitos com suas carreiras apresentaram maior satisfação com a própria vida. Por meio da path analysis, identificou-se que a adaptabilidade de carreira explica de forma significativa e negativa os níveis de depressão, e que a satisfação com a vida e com a carreira explicam de maneira significativa e negativa os níveis de depressão, ansiedade e estresse. Os resultados apontam possibilidades de intervenção com trabalhadores que se encontram desempregados. brasileiros 23 desempregados demográfico Carreira Vida Depressão Estresse esperança analysis identificouse identificou depressão estresse 2

Abstract This research aimed to evaluate the implications of unemployment for the career and mental health of Brazilian workers. The sample consisted of 234 unemployed workers. Participants responded to a demographic questionnaire, the Career Adaptability Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Herth’s Hope Scale, and the Depression, Stress, and Anxiety Scale. The results indicated that the development of career adaptability is associated with greater life satisfaction and hope. Workers who are more satisfied with their careers also showed greater satisfaction with their own lives. Using path analysis, we identified that career adaptability significantly and negatively explains the levels of depression and that life and career satisfaction significantly and negatively explain the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. The results indicate possible interventions with unemployed workers. workers 23 questionnaire Scale Herths Herth s Depression Stress hope lives analysis anxiety stress 2

Resumen Esta investigación pretende evaluar las consecuencias del desempleo para la carrera y la salud mental de los trabajadores brasileños. Participaron 234 trabajadores desempleados. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron un cuestionario demográfico, la Escala de Adaptabilidad de Carrera, la Escala de Satisfacción con la Vida, la Escala de Esperanza de Herth y la Escala de Depresión, Ansiedad y Estrés. Los resultados indicaron que el desarrollo de la adaptabilidad de carrera está asociado con mayor satisfacción con la vida y esperanza. Los trabajadores que están más satisfechos con sus carreras presentaron una mayor satisfacción con su propia vida. A través de un path analysis, se identificó que la adaptabilidad de carrera explica de forma significativa y negativa los niveles de depresión y que la satisfacción con la vida y la carrera explican de manera significativa y negativa los niveles de depresión, ansiedad y estrés. Los resultados demostraron posibilidades de intervención con trabajadores desempleados. brasileños 23 desempleados demográfico Carrera Vida Depresión Estrés esperanza analysis estrés 2

Resumo Neste estudo, analisamos as conversas e interações de famílias em visita ao Museu da Natureza, no estado do Piauí, Brasil, para a compreensão da construção de significados. Participaram do estudo sete grupos de famílias, totalizando 21 sujeitos. As visitas foram gravadas com o uso de uma câmera GoPro presa a um suporte elástico em forma de colete na altura do peito, para gravação de imagens e sons em uma perspectiva de primeira pessoa. O material audiovisual foi analisado no software Dedoose. Resultados evidenciam que as famílias interagiram como aprendizes autônomos, criando significados, continuamente, a partir de sua experiência com a exposição. As conversas sobre ciência e experiências anteriores favoreceram a construção, conexão e compreensão do processo de conhecimento científico. Identificamos que a leitura auxiliou no entendimento dos temas expositivos e as estratégias corporais, como gestos, foram complementares, enriquecendo as formas de comunicação do grupo para a construção de significados. Natureza Piauí Brasil significados 2 sujeitos peito pessoa Dedoose autônomos continuamente exposição científico corporais gestos complementares

Abstract In this study, we examine the conversations and interactions of families visiting the Museum of Nature (Piaui, Brazil) to understand the meaning-making process. Seven groups of families participated in the study, with a total of 21 subjects. The visits were recorded with a GoPro camera attached to an elastic vest-shaped support at chest height. The audiovisual material was analyzed using Dedoose software. Our results show that families interacted as autonomous learners, creating meaning from their experience with the exhibition. Conversations about science and previous experiences helped people build, connect, and understand the process of scientific knowledge. In addition, we found that reading helped to understand the expository themes, and bodily strategies, such as gestures, complemented and enriched the group's forms of communication for meaning-making. study Piaui, Piaui (Piaui Brazil meaningmaking making 2 subjects vestshaped vest shaped height software learners exhibition build connect knowledge addition themes strategies gestures group s meaningmaking. making.

Resumen El plástico en Ecuador representa el 11,43% de los residuos generados. La construcción al ser una industria con gran impacto en la economía ecuatoriana es el lugar idóneo para implementar un modelo de economía circular y apoyar a una solución utilizando este desecho. Se plantea a la madera plástica como material de bajo impacto para la construcción, por lo que es necesaria su caracterización. Es así que, mediante el uso de normativas ASTM D (6108, 6109, 638, 2344, 6111, 570 y 2240), se determinan las características físicas y mecánicas de dos tipos de madera plástica producida en Ecuador M1 (PET y cáscara de arroz) y M2 (Polipropileno). Los resultados indicaron que la madera plástica M1 tiene una mayor resistencia a la tracción y capacidad de absorción de agua gracias a las fibras naturales de refuerzo. Además, M1 presenta el módulo de elasticidad más alto, lo que le confiere una mayor rigidez y menor deformabilidad. Por otro lado, se observó que M2 presenta una sección transversal menos compacta y vacíos en su estructura, lo que resulta en mayores deformaciones. En general la madera plástica es ventajosa para la construcción porque tiene una baja probabilidad de ser atacada por xilófagos y tiene un gran potencial en el diseño de elementos de carga axial debido a su desempeño a compresión, tracción y flexión aceptable, limitándose a construcciones de baja altura por las altas deformaciones que presenta.

Abstract Plastic in Ecuador represents 11.43% of the waste generated. As the construction industry has a significant impact on the Ecuadorian economy, it is an ideal place to implement a circular economy model and support a solution using this waste. Plastic wood is proposed as a low-impact material for construction, so its characterization is necessary. In this work, the physical and mechanical characteristics of two types of plastic wood produced in Ecuador, M1 (PET and rice husk) and M2 (polypropylene), were determined using ASTM D regulations (6108, 6109, 638, 2344, 6111, 570, and 2240). The results indicated that plastic wood M1 has higher tensile strength and water absorption capacity due to its natural reinforcement fibers. Additionally, M1 has the highest modulus of elasticity, which gives it greater stiffness and lower deformability. On the other hand, it was observed that M2 has a less compact cross-section and voids in its structure, resulting in greater deformations. In general, plastic wood is advantageous for construction because it has a low probability of being attacked by wood-boring insects and has great potential in the design of axial load elements due to its acceptable performance under compression, tension, and bending, limited to low-rise constructions due to the high deformations it presents.

Abstract Continental dunes are key features for the study of climatic oscillations that occurred during the Quaternary. These deposits occur in different spatial contexts in Brazil and reflect their formative paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic conditions. The present work proposes a synthesis of the literature on the subject over the last 30 years, integrating geochronological and environmental information on the continental dunes present in the Brazilian territory. The data from dating by LOE and TL indicate the occurrence of wind deposition from the Middle Pleistocene (253.8±19.0ka) to the present (0.165±0.025ka) with alternation between periods of lower and higher activity. Parabolic dunes, sand sheets, and deflation basins (blowouts) predominate in the studied areas. Cyclical and anomalous mechanisms, such as Palei-ENSO, appear to have been responsible for the onset of drier phases, leadind to a greater supply of sediments and the consequent formation of dune deposits. The good resolution of the chronological data also suggests that the dunes act as important geo-archives for studying environmental changes with medium to short recurrence intervals.

Resumo Dunas continentais são feições de importância primordial para o estudo das oscilações climáticas ocorridas ao longo do Quaternário. No Brasil, esses depósitos aparecem em distintos contextos espaciais e refletem as suas condições paleoambientais e paleoclimáticas formadoras. O presente trabalho propõe apresentar uma síntese da literatura acerca do tema no transcurso dos últimos 30 anos, integrando as informações geocronológicas e ambientais a respeito das dunas continentais existentes no território brasileiro. Os dados analisados de datações por LOE e TL apontam para a possível ocorrência de deposições eólicas desde o Pleistoceno Médio (253,8±19ka) até o presente (0,165±0,025ka), com alternância entre momentos de menor e maior atividade. Dunas parabólicas, lençóis de areia e bacias de deflação (blowouts) são predominantes nas áreas estudadas. Mecanismos cíclicos e anômalos, como o Paleo-ENOS, parecem ter sido responsáveis pela instalação de fases mais secas que levaram à maior oferta de sedimentos e à consequente formação dos depósitos dunares. A boa resolução dos dados cronológicos sugere ainda que as dunas funcionam como importantes geoarquivos para o estudo de mudanças ambientais com intervalos de médio a curto prazo de recorrência.

Résumé Les dunes continentales sont des éléments extrêmement importants pour l'étude des oscillations climatiques produites tout au long du Quaternaire. Au Brésil, ces gisements apparaissent dans différents contextes spatiaux et reflètent leurs conditions paleo-environnementales et paleo-climatiques formatives. Le présent travail vise à présenter une synthèse de la littérature sur le sujet au cours des 30 dernières années, intégrant des informations géochronologiques et environnementales sur les dunes continentales existantes dans le territoire brésilien. Les données analysées à partir des datations par Luminescence stimulée optiquement et par thermoluminescence indiquent l'apparition de dépôts éoliens du Pléistocène Moyen (253,8±19,0ka) à nos jours (0,165±0,025ka) avec une alternance entre des moments d'activité plus faible et plus élevée. Les dunes paraboliques, les nappes de sable et les bassins de déflation (blowouts) prédominent dans les zones d'étude. Des mécanismes cycliques et anormaux, comme le páleoENSO, semblent avoir été responsables de l'installation de phases plus sèches qui ont donné lieu à une plus grande contribution de sédiments et à la formation conséquente de dépôts dunaires. La bonne résolution des données chronologiques suggère également que les dunes fonctionnent comme des géo-archives importantes pour l'étude des changements environnementaux avec des intervalles de récurrence de moyen à court terme.

Resumen Las dunas continentales son elementos de suma importancia para el estudio de las oscilaciones climáticas que se produjeron a lo largo del Cuaternario. En Brasil, estos depósitos aparecen en diferentes contextos espaciales y reflejan sus condiciones paleoambientales y paleoclimáticas formativas. El presente trabajo propone presentar una síntesis de la literatura sobre el tema a lo largo de los últimos 30 años, incorporando informaciones geocronológicas y ambientales sobre las dunas continentales existentes en el territorio brasileño. Los datos analizados a partir de dataciones por Luminiscencia Ópticamente Estimulada y Termoluminiscencia apuntan a la ocurrencia de depósitos eólicos desde el Pleistoceno Medio (253,8±19,0ka) hasta el presente (0,165±0,025ka) con alternancia entre momentos de menor y mayor actividad. Las dunas parabólicas, los mantos de arena y las cuencas de deflación (blowouts) son predominantes en las áreas de estudio. Mecanismos cíclicos y anómalos, como Paleo-ENOS, parecen haber sido los responsables de la instalación de fases más secas que dieron lugar a un mayor aporte de sedimentos y, consecuentemente, a la formación de depósitos dunares. La buena resolución de los datos cronológicos también sugiere que las dunas funcionan como geoarchivos importantes para el estudio de cambios ambientales, con intervalos de recurrencia de mediano a corto plazo.

ABSTRACT Objective To assess the incidence of febrile neutropenia without primary granulocyte colony-stimulating factor prophylaxis in patients undergoing chemotherapy with adjuvant docetaxel and cyclophosphamide, and to evaluate the toxicity profile of brand-name docetaxel (Taxotere ® ) and the generic formulation. Methods This retrospective study was conducted using data obtained from electronic medical records of patients treated at a Brazilian cancer center. Patients with breast cancer who underwent adjuvant treatment between January 2016 and June 2019 were selected. Data were analyzed using chi-square and Fisher correlation of variables, and multivariate analyses were adjusted for propensity score. Results A total of 231 patients with a mean age of 55.9 years at the time of treatment were included in the study. The majority (93.9%) had luminal histology, 84.8% were at clinical stage I, and 98.2% had a good performance status. The overall incidence of febrile neutropenia in the study population was 13.4% (31 cases). The use of brand-name docetaxel (Taxotere ® ) was the only factor associated with febrile neutropenia occurrence (OR= 3.55, 95%CI= 1.58-7.94, p=0.002). Conclusion In patients with breast cancer who require treatment with adjuvant docetaxel and cyclophosphamide regimen, the toxicity profile differs between brand-name and generic docetaxel. Regardless of the formulation used, the incidence of febrile neutropenia was less than 20%, which may allow for the omission of primary prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factor use in this setting. colonystimulating colony stimulating brandname brand name Taxotere center 201 selected chisquare chi square variables score 23 559 55 9 55. 93.9% 939 93 (93.9% histology 848 84 8 84.8 I 982 98 2 98.2 status 134 13 4 13.4 31 (3 cases. cases . cases) OR= OR (OR 355 3 3.55 95CI CI 95 95%CI 1.587.94, 158794 1.58 7.94, 1 58 7 94 1.58-7.94 p=0.002. p0002 p p=0.002 0 002 p=0.002) regimen used 20 20% setting 5 93.9 (93.9 84. 98. 13. ( 35 3.5 587 1.587.94 15879 158 1.5 794 7.94 1.58-7.9 p000 p=0.00 00 93. (93. 3. 1.587.9 1587 15 1. 79 7.9 1.58-7. p00 p=0.0 (93 1.587. 7. 1.58-7 p0 p=0. (9 1.587 1.58- p=0 p=

Abstract Healthcare workers present an increased risk of contagion for the SARS-CoV-2 virus due to their labor exposure. Here, we describe the clinical, laboratory, and immunological characteristics of healthcare workers, before vaccine application, exposed to SARS-CoV-2-infected patients. We collected sociodemographic, clinical, and laboratory information from 50 professionals who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic at the Clinical Hospital of the Northwest in Brazil. The results showed that most workers are women, over 50 years old, and worked as nursing technicians. Approximately 56% of workers were positive for a previous infection by RT-PCR and/or anti-SARS-CoV-2-immunoglobulin tests. Increased levels of hematocrit, neutrophils, NK lymphocytes, and fibrinogen, were found in positive healthcare workers, suggesting a light inflammatory status. The immunological findings showed an increase in IL-17 production and a Th2/Th17/Th22 profile followed by high serology for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG. Those data reveal the importance of studies with healthcare workers to investigate if the continuous exposition to the virus may result in chronic activation of the immune system and/or pulmonary inflammation in this target group. SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- exposure Here clinical application SARSCoV2infected SARSCoVinfected infected patients sociodemographic 5 COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 Brazil women old technicians 56 RTPCR RT PCR andor or antiSARSCoV2immunoglobulin antiSARSCoVimmunoglobulin anti immunoglobulin tests hematocrit neutrophils lymphocytes fibrinogen status IL17 IL 17 IL-1 Th2Th17Th22 ThThTh Th2 Th17 Th22 Th Th2/Th17/Th2 antiSARSCoV2 antiSARSCoV anti-SARS-CoV- IgG group SARS-CoV COVID1 1 COVID- IL1 IL- Th2Th17Th2 Th1 Th2/Th17/Th anti-SARS-CoV Th2Th17Th

RESUMO Os museus de ciência são espaços dinâmicos em que a cultura científica se associa com a cultura dos sujeitos visitantes e que têm o potencial de evocar memórias em seus frequentadores em forma de lembranças e recordações afetivas. Neste estudo investigamos as memórias da experiência de oito visitantes adultos dois anos após a visita que realizaram ao Museu da Natureza, localizado no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara, Piauí. A metodologia envolveu entrevista semiestruturada, incluindo a verbalização de lembranças espontâneas e utilização do método da lembrança estimulada. Os resultados evidenciaram diversos eventos de memórias de caráter episódico (lembrança cronológica de eventos) e semântico (associadas a fatos, conceitos, palavras e seus significados), envolvimento emocional e reinterpretações sobre a experiência anteriormente vivida em um museu de ciência. afetivas Natureza Capivara Piauí semiestruturada estimulada associadas fatos conceitos significados, significados , significados)

ABSTRACT Science museums are dynamic spaces in which scientific culture is associated with the culture of the visiting subjects and which have the potential to evoke memories in their visitors in the form of memories and affective recollections. In this study, we investigated the memories of the experience of eight adult visitors two years after their visit to the Museu da Natureza, in the Serra da Capivara National Park Piauí. The methodology involved semi-structured interviews, including the verbalization of spontaneous memories and the use of the stimulated recall method. The results showed several memory events of episodic (chronological recall of events) and semantic nature (associated with facts, concepts, words and their meanings), emotional involvement and reinterpretations of the experience previously lived in a science museum. recollections study Natureza Piauí semistructured semi structured interviews method chronological facts concepts meanings, meanings , meanings) museum

Abstract Background Data on post-acute COVID-19 in autoimmune rheumatic diseases (ARD) are scarce, focusing on a single disease, with variable definitions of this condition and time of vaccination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency and pattern of post-acute COVID-19 in vaccinated patients with ARD using established diagnosis criteria. Methods Retrospective evaluation of a prospective cohort of 108 ARD patients and 32 non-ARD controls, diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 infection (RT-PCR/antigen test) after the third dose of the CoronaVac vaccine. Post-acute COVID-19 (≥ 4 weeks and > 12 weeks of SARS-CoV-2 symptoms) were registered according to the established international criteria. Results ARD patients and non-ARD controls, balanced for age and sex, had high and comparable frequencies of ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (58.3% vs. 53.1%, p = 0.6854) and > 12 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (39.8% vs. 46.9%, p = 0.5419). Regarding ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19, frequencies of ≥ 3 symptoms were similar in ARD and non-ARD controls (54% vs. 41.2%, p = 0.7886), and this was also similar in > 12 weeks post-acute COVID-19 (68.3% vs. 88.2%, p = 0.1322). Further analysis of the risk factors for ≥ 4 weeks post-acute COVID-19 in ARD patients revealed that age, sex, clinical severity of COVID-19, reinfection, and autoimmune diseases were not associated with this condition (p > 0.05). The clinical manifestations of post-acute COVID-19 were similar in both groups (p > 0.05), with fatigue and memory loss being the most frequent manifestations. Conclusion We provide novel data demonstrating that immune/inflammatory ARD disturbances after third dose vaccination do not seem to be a major determinant of post-acute COVID-19 since its pattern is very similar to that of the general population. Clinical Trials platform (NCT04754698). postacute post acute COVID19 COVID 19 COVID-1 (ARD scarce disease criteria 10 nonARD non SARSCoV2 SARSCoV SARS CoV 2 SARS-CoV- RTPCR/antigen RTPCRantigen RT PCR/antigen PCR antigen test vaccine Postacute Post ( 1 sex 58.3% 583 58 (58.3 vs 531 53 53.1% 0.6854 06854 0 6854 39.8% 398 39 8 (39.8 469 46 9 46.9% 0.5419. 05419 0.5419 . 5419 0.5419) COVID19, 19, 54% 54 (54 412 41 41.2% 0.7886, 07886 0.7886 , 7886 0.7886) 68.3% 683 68 (68.3 882 88 88.2% 0.1322. 01322 0.1322 1322 0.1322) reinfection 0.05. 005 0.05 05 0.05) 0.05, immuneinflammatory immune inflammatory population NCT04754698. NCT04754698 NCT (NCT04754698) COVID1 COVID- SARS-CoV RTPCR PCRantigen 58.3 5 (58. 53.1 0.685 0685 685 39.8 (39. 46.9 0541 0.541 541 (5 41.2 0788 0.788 788 68.3 6 (68. 88.2 0132 0.132 132 00 0.0 NCT0475469 (NCT04754698 58. (58 53. 0.68 068 39. (39 46. 054 0.54 41. 078 0.78 78 68. (68 88. 013 0.13 13 0. NCT047546 (NCT0475469 0.6 06 (3 0.5 07 0.7 7 (6 01 0.1 NCT04754 (NCT047546 NCT0475 (NCT04754 NCT047 (NCT0475 NCT04 (NCT047 NCT0 (NCT04 (NCT0 (NCT

Abstract Objective: To compare high and low-fidelity simulations for the recognition of respiratory distress and failure in urgency and emergency pediatric scenarios. Methods: 70 fourth-year medical students were randomly distributed in high and low-fidelity groups and simulated different types of respiratory problems. Theory tests, performance checklists, and satisfaction and self-confidence questionnaires were used in the assessment. Face-to-face simulation and memory retention was applied. The statistics were evaluated by averages and quartiles, Kappa, and generalized estimating equations. The p-value was considered 0.05. Results: In the theory test there was an increase in scores in both methodologies (p < 0.001 ); in memory retention (p = 0.043) and at the end of the process the high-fidelity group had better results. The performance in the practical checklists was better after the second simulation (p > 0,05). The high-fidelity group felt more challenged in both phases (p = 0.042; p = 0.018) and showed greater self-confidence to recognize changes in clinical conditions and in memory retention (p = 0.050). The same group, in relation to the hypothetical real patient to be treated in the future, felt better confident to recognize respiratory distress and failure (p = 0.008; p = 0.004), and better prepared to make a systematic clinical evaluation of the patient in memory retention (p = 0.016). Conclusion: The two levels of simulations enhance diagnostic skills. High fidelity improves knowledge, leads the student to feel more challenged and more self-confident in recognizing the severity of the clinical case, including memory retention, and showed benefits regarding self-confidence in recognizing respiratory distress and failure in pediatric cases. Objective lowfidelity low scenarios Methods 7 fourthyear fourth year problems tests selfconfidence self confidence assessment Facetoface Face face applied quartiles Kappa equations pvalue value 005 0 05 0.05 Results 0001 001 0.00 ) 0.043 0043 043 highfidelity results 0,05. 0,05 . 0,05) 0.042 0042 042 0.018 0018 018 0.050. 0050 0.050 050 0.050) future 0.008 0008 008 0.004, 0004 0.004 , 004 0.004) 0.016. 0016 0.016 016 0.016) Conclusion skills knowledge selfconfident case cases 00 0.0 000 0.04 04 0,0 0.01 01 0. 0,