RESUMO As doenças periodontais necrosantes são condições historicamente estabelecidas e ganharam destaque no período da primeira guerra mundial, sua etiologia estava ligada a falta de higiene oral, infecções oportunistas e quadros de estresse. De caráter grave e debilitante, a doença progride rapidamente com úlceras necróticas em tecido periodontal, gerando dor, sangramento dos tecidos e odor fétido. Em virtude de suas características e da evolução acelerada dos quadros periodontais em pacientes imunocomprometidos, pacientes portadores do vírus da imunodeficiência humana que desenvolvem a síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida são classificados como pacientes de risco para desenvolvimento de doenças periodontais necrosantes. Dessa forma, a presente revisão busca comparar a prevalência de gengivite e periodontite necrosante em pacientes com AIDS em relação a população imunocompetente, bem com avaliar como o estado de imunossupressão altera a cavidade bucal; esclarecer a respeito do impacto da AIDS nas doenças periodontais. O presente estudo foi conduzido seguindo os protocolos metodológicos da revisão sistemática descritos no Cochrane Handbook. A estratégia de busca foi aplicada nas bases de dados: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science e Embase. Verificou-se a associação de doenças periodontais necrosantes em portadores de HIV+ por meio de uma análise sistemática da literatura. mundial oral estresse debilitante periodontal dor fétido imunocomprometidos forma imunocompetente bucal Handbook dados Pubmed Library Scopus Embase Verificouse Verificou se HIV literatura

ABSTRACT Necrotizing periodontal diseases are historically established conditions that gained prominence during the First World War. Their etiology was linked to poor oral hygiene, opportunistic infections, and stress. Characterized by severity and debilitation, the disease progresses rapidly with necrotic ulcers in periodontal tissues, resulting in pain, tissue bleeding, and a foul odor. Due to the distinctive features and accelerated evolution of periodontal conditions in immunocompromised patients, individuals with Human Immunodeficiency Virus leading to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome are classified as at-risk patients for the development of Necrotizing periodontal diseases. Thus, this review aims to compare the prevalence of gingivitis and necrotizing periodontitis in AIDS patients in comparison to the immunocompetent population. Additionally, it seeks to evaluate how the state of immunosuppression alters the oral cavity and provides clarity regarding the impact of AIDS on periodontal diseases. This study adhered to the methodological protocols of a systematic review as outlined in the Cochrane Handbook. The search strategy was implemented across the following databases: Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase. The association of necrotizing periodontal diseases in HIV+ individuals was investigated through a systematic analysis of the literature. War hygiene infections stress debilitation tissues pain bleeding odor atrisk at risk Thus population Additionally Handbook databases Pubmed Library Scopus Science Embase HIV literature

Abstract We evaluated the accuracy of radiomorphometric indices (RI) and fractal dimension (FD) for screening bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal patients who had breast cancer and were using aromatase inhibitors (AI). The sample consisted of 40 participants. Digital panoramic radiography (DPR) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) were evaluated along with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which is the gold standard for detecting low BMD. According to the T-scores of DXA, the subjects were assigned into two groups: with normal BMD and with low BMD (osteopenia and osteoporosis). The area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity with their respective confidence intervals were determined for DPR and CBCT. For DPR indices, AUC ranged from 52.6 to 75.8%. The mandibular cortical width (MCW) had the highest AUC. For FD, the total trabecular index had the highest sensitivity, while the index anterior to the mental foramen (MF) had the highest specificity. In CBCT, the AUC ranged from 51.8 to 62.0%. The indices with the highest AUC were the molar (M) and anterior (A). The symphysis (S) index had the highest sensitivity and the posterior (P) index had the highest specificity. Sensitivity and specificity were adequate for the computed tomography index (Inferior; CTI [I]). Therefore, MCW, FD of the mandible angle, and total trabecular ROI in DPR and the CTI (I), M, P, and A indices in CBCT proved to be promising tools in distinguishing individuals with low BMD. Cutoff point for these indices could be a useful tool to investigate low BMD in postmenopausal women taking AI.

RESUMO A reabsorção intracoronária pré-eruptiva é uma lesão radiolúcida localizada na dentina, logo abaixo da junção amelo-detinária de dentes não irrompidos. É rara, assintomática e de etiologia idiopática, geralmente diagnosticada em exames radiográficos de rotina ou com fins ortodônticos. Uma abordagem conservadora com acompanhamento radiográfico é o tratamento recomendado até que o dente erupcione para ser feita a intervenção. Porém, em casos de sintomatologia ou progressão da lesão, aconselha-se a intervenção cirúrgica. Objetivo: Relatar o caso de reabsorção intracoronária pré-eruptiva, com uma abordagem conservadora mostrando a o acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico periódico desta condição. Paciente, sexo feminino, nove anos de idade, caucasiana, que compareceu a Clínica Odontológica para exame de rotina. Foi solicitada uma radiografia panorâmica inicial, sendo evidenciada uma radioluscência intracoronária no dente 45 ainda não erupcionado. Foi feito uma acompanhamento clínico e radiográfico até na total estabelecimento do dente acometido na cavidade oral. Conhecer a reabsorção intracoronária pré-eruptiva, associando sua provável etiologia e aspecto radiográfico, bem como sua prevalência e ocorrência e opções de tratamento, considerando uma abordagem conservadora, quando não houver sintomatologia, como tratamento recomendado.

ABSTRACT Pre-interruptive intracoronal resorption is a radiolucent lesion localized in dentin, immediately below the amelodentin junction of unerupted teeth. It is rare, asymptomatic, and of idiopathic etiology, generally diagnosed in routine radiographs or in those for orthodontic purposes. A conservative approach, with radiographic follow-up is the treatment recommended until the tooth erupts, and then the intervention is made. However, in cases with symptoms or progression of the lesion, surgical intervention is advisable. To report a case of pre-interruptive intracoronal resorption, with a conservative approach, showing the clinical and radiographic follow-up of this condition. The patient, a nine-year-old Caucasian girl, presented to the Dental Clinic for routine examination. An initial panoramic radiograph was requested, which showed an intracoronal radiolucence in tooth 45 that had not yet erupted. Clinical and radiographic follow-up was made until the affected tooth was completely established in the oral cavity. The treatment recommended for pre-interruptive intracoronal resorption is to have knowledge of the phenomenon, associate its probable etiology and radiographic aspect, as well as its prevalence, occurrence and treatment options, by considering a conservative approach when there are no symptoms.